514 lines
62 KiB
XML
514 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="53599F4B149A13E1CB85B3F2A9B992AD" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.194888" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2d5476ba-adeb-4607-bf0e-54392a2dde1f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="194888" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460219209381" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cho, Hee Wook & Lee, Jong Eun" docDate="2010" docId="03AB4E55FFF1180EFF3DA924FEA36C61" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02438p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2438" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gonioctena (Gonioctena) koryeoensis Cho & Lee, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FF92362DFFF01808FFAAAB16FF976973" masterDocTitle="Gonioctena koryeoensis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae), a new species from Korea, with a description of immature stages" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="52" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1698237404824" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="9DA721CC286C05F91D33DA10AE84037E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FF3AEE3B418CDEA883954205E757A45D">
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<mods:title id="0651992D358246D96FFA710F27D48745">Gonioctena koryeoensis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae), a new species from Korea, with a description of immature stages</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="A954B3BDBF33AE4907D60617F9943DBC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7A703E8F1F1262A35662806A0FFA9BB6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0DB17E144E6E8F2A0F1B601BF7FC4318">Cho, Hee Wook</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C548E3CFC8D05F98D6856E6653B63538" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="67F5972BC1B5A024251070DF25C19083">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D9035EAE69EDB24D1057CA16A6AA6464">Lee, Jong Eun</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C1CB22C792A0F8DBE6480A5C6EB75A29">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E7A7D0F4C017579AF9C4AEC6D04BA9C7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="975DD1B312CCA78A31A75ABEF0F9C7BC">
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<mods:date id="B2B323E5DAD85FCDFE3CCE5C6A855D6A">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="9C9FA1CF499C28459CFBB3EBCC1A7E20" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EF22DEFEA16572E48DC6976B23757BA9">2438</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="B5FE81FDD89F7761583A5D554D6E5142" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="B989F6C4D485121687555B76424ED47B">52</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="256CA18FDBBF0F1ACAF8A6BC5B036556">60</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="B8742252C498AD14E401D531636EFD08">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="73CB68FB6DB06D4A1CE56797CD642936" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.194888</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7131532A435C98EB961D4A4A7F26B7AE" type="GBIF-Dataset">2d5476ba-adeb-4607-bf0e-54392a2dde1f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="210C4C2AEF143DA09AC96173875594CE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B277F03AD1A6C5CF8754E0A477B8A52E" type="Zenodo-Dep">194888</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03AB4E55FFF1180EFF3DA924FEA36C61" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6204367" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119384987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6204367" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB4E55FFF1180EFF3DA924FEA36C61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB4E55FFF1180EFF3DA924FEA36C61" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF11809FF3DA924FD546B3F" box="[151,707,562,588]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF3DA924FD546B3F" blockId="1.[151,707,562,588]" box="[151,707,562,588]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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||
<heading id="D0F5482FFFF11809FF3DA924FD546B3F" bold="true" box="[151,707,562,588]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF3DA924FD546B3F" bold="true" box="[151,707,562,588]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FF3DA924FDC96B3F" box="[151,606,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koryeoensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gonioctena">
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||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF3DA924FEB46B3F" bold="true" box="[151,291,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Gonioctena</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FE9EA924FE576B3F" bold="true" box="[308,448,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Gonioctena</emphasis>
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||
)
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<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FE7BA924FDC96B3F" bold="true" box="[465,606,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">koryeoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2459E2AFFF11809FDCCA924FD546B3F" box="[614,707,562,588]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF11809FF3DA96CFC466ACC" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF3DA96CFAA96A07" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF3DA96CFE6F6BE7" bold="true" box="[151,504,634,660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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||
<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FF3DA96CFF4C6BE7" box="[151,219,634,660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FEC7A96CFE666BE7" box="[365,497,634,660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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male, Mt. Cheonseongsan, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do,
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<collectingCountry id="F315BFD3FFF11809FA8DA96CFA0F6BE7" box="[1319,1432,634,660]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">KOREA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FF3DA9B6FEBA6BC9" box="[151,301,672,698]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="35.41936">N35°25’9.7”</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FE87A9B6FE1A6BC9" box="[301,397,672,698]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="129.11667">E129°7’</geoCoordinate>
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36.6”,
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<date id="FFBCD983FFF11809FE49A9B6FDC76BC9" box="[483,592,672,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" value="2006-05-09">9.V.2006</date>
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, HW Cho.
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<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FD7DA989FCC86BCA" bold="true" box="[727,863,671,697]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FD7DA989FCCC6BCA" box="[727,859,671,697]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FCCDA9B6FC2F6BC9" box="[871,952,672,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FC59A9B6FBFE6BC9" box="[1011,1129,672,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
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, same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FABFA9B6FA166BC9" box="[1301,1409,672,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
;
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FA27A9B6FF446BAC" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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, same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FED1A9D3FE766BAC" box="[379,481,709,735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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except for
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<date id="FFBCD983FFF11809FDCCA9D3FD766BAC" box="[614,737,709,735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" value="2005-05-13">13.V.2005</date>
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;
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FD47A9D3FCC06BAC" box="[749,855,709,735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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||
, Mt. Jaeyaksan, Milyang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do,
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<collectingCountry id="F315BFD3FFF11809FF3DA9FCFE936A77" box="[151,260,746,772]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">KOREA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FEBBA9FCFE286A77" box="[273,447,746,772]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="35.545692">N35°32’44.5”</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FE15A9FCFDAF6A77" box="[447,568,746,772]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="128.96666">E128°58’</geoCoordinate>
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48.7”,
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<date id="FFBCD983FFF11809FD25A9FCFC946A77" box="[655,771,746,772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" value="1992-05-05">5.V.1992</date>
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, SS Kwon;
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FC33A9FCFB816A77" box="[921,1046,746,772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
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, Mt. Gajisan, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Gyeongsangnam-do,
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<collectingCountry id="F315BFD3FFF11809FE35A806FD9C6A59" box="[415,523,784,810]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">KOREA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FDB2A806FD546A59" box="[536,707,784,810]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="35.619778">N35°37’11.2”</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FD69A806FCBB6A59" box="[707,812,784,810]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="129.0">E129°0’</geoCoordinate>
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10.7”,
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<date id="FFBCD983FFF11809FC2BA806FB946A59" box="[897,1027,784,810]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" value="2001-05-19">19.V.2001</date>
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, HJ Kim;
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FB29A806FB4D6A59" box="[1155,1242,784,810]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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||
, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Gyeongsangbuk-do,
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<collectingCountry id="F315BFD3FFF11809FE51A823FDFF6A3C" box="[507,616,821,847]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">KOREA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FDDCA823FCB56A3C" box="[630,802,821,847]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="35.72689">N35°43’36.8”</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FC88A823FC0C6A3C" box="[802,923,821,847]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="128.5">E128°30’</geoCoordinate>
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8.7”,
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<date id="FFBCD983FFF11809FC48A823FBF46A3C" box="[994,1123,821,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" value="2001-06-04">4.VI.2001</date>
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, MH Kim;
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FB59A823FAF46A3C" box="[1267,1379,821,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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, Mt. Palgongsan, Daegu, Gyeongsangbuk-do,
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<collectingCountry id="F315BFD3FFF11809FDD6A84CFD736A07" box="[636,740,858,884]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">KOREA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FD45A84CFC136A07" box="[751,900,858,884]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="36.01614">N36°0’58.1”</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE369984FFF11809FC2EA84CFBA06A07" box="[900,1079,858,884]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="128.6935">E128°41’36.6”</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFBCD983FFF11809FBECA84CFB576A07" box="[1094,1216,858,884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" value="1993-05-23">23.V.1993</date>
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, MH Kim.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6EA869FC466ACC" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF6EA869FE516AEA" bold="true" box="[196,454,895,921]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Additional material.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FE65A896FDA96AE9" box="[463,574,896,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="larva">34 larvae</specimenCount>
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fixed,
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FD39A896FD646AE9" box="[659,755,896,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="larva">7 larvae</specimenCount>
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reared to pupae,
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FC6EA896FBA46AE9" box="[964,1075,896,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="larva">22 larvae</specimenCount>
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reared to adults, same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FF3DA8B3FE966ACC" box="[151,257,933,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
;
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<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF11809FEA7A8B3FEEE6ACC" box="[269,377,933,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="larva">17 larvae</specimenCount>
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||
fixed, same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FDCCA8B3FD5B6ACC" box="[614,716,933,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
except for
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<date id="FFBCD983FFF11809FCFBA8B3FC5A6ACC" box="[849,973,933,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" value="2005-05-13">13.V.2005</date>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF11809FF6EA8DCFE016D5C" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6EA8DCFD8A6D79" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF6EA8DCFEC66A97" bold="true" box="[196,337,970,996]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Etymology.</emphasis>
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This endemic species is named "Koryeo," for the ancient kingdom of
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<collectingCountry id="F315BFD3FFF11809FB3CA8DCFB496A97" box="[1174,1246,970,996]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Korea</collectingCountry>
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from which the current name "
|
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<collectingCountry id="F315BFD3FFF11809FEEBA8E6FE186D79" box="[321,399,1008,1034]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Korea</collectingCountry>
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" originated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6CAF03FE016D5C" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" box="[198,406,1045,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
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||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF6CAF03FE996D5C" bold="true" box="[198,270,1045,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Adult</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
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<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF11809FEB4AF03FE1C6D5C" box="[286,395,1045,1071]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURES 2 – 4" captionStart-2="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,957,981]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,269,1995,2019]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,269,527,551]" captionTargetBox-1="[386,1211,1541,1978]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[378,1214,1537,1983]" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Gonioctena koryeoensis, Holotype." captionText-1="FIGURES 2 – 4. Gonioctena koryeoensis. 2. Antenna; 3. Fore tibia; 4. Aedeagus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 5 – 8. Color variation of Gonioctena koryeoensis." httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/194889/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Figs. 1–8</figureCitation>
|
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)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF11809FF6EAF2CFE796C47" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6EAF2CFE796C47" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF6EAF2CFEDD6D27" bold="true" box="[196,330,1082,1108]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
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This new species is similar in coloration to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FCDEAF2CFBC96D27" authority="Medvedev" authorityName="Medvedev" box="[884,1118,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FCDEAF2CFC436D20" box="[884,980,1082,1107]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G. laeta</emphasis>
|
||
Medvedev
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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and
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FB31AF2CFF636D09" authority="Chujo et Kimoto" authorityName="Chujo et Kimoto" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
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<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FB31AF2CFABD6D20" box="[1179,1322,1082,1107]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G. japonica</emphasis>
|
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Chûjô et Kimoto
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, but can be distinguished by the following characters: small body length
|
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<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF11809FBFBAF76FB486D09" box="[1105,1247,1120,1146]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="4.9">4.9–5.6 mm</quantity>
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(6.5–8.0 mm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FF3DAF93FE886DED" box="[151,287,1157,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF3DAF93FE886DED" box="[151,287,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 5.0–6.0 mm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FE4FAF93FDD66DED" box="[485,577,1157,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FE4FAF93FE606DED" box="[485,503,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FDACAF93FDD66DED" box="[518,577,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); second antennal segment nearly as long as third (same in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FAA6AF93FA036DED" box="[1292,1428,1157,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FAA6AF93FA036DED" box="[1292,1428,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, distinctly shorter than third in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FDAEAFBDFDF56DB7" box="[516,610,1194,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FDAEAFBDFD816DB7" box="[516,534,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FD8CAFBDFDF56DB7" box="[550,610,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); pronotum with three small obscure spots (a pair of triangular basal black markings in the other species); ventral surfaces reddish brown (same in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FB9BAFC6FB2E6D9A" box="[1073,1209,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FB9BAFC6FB2E6D9A" box="[1073,1209,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, black in
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FA84AFC6FA116D9A" box="[1326,1414,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G. l a e t a</emphasis>
|
||
); apical prolongation of aedeagus short and broad in dorsal view (extremely long and narrow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FAA1AFE3FA036C7D" box="[1291,1428,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FAA1AFE3FA8A6C7D" box="[1291,1309,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FA86AFE3FA036C7D" box="[1324,1428,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, short and narrow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF11809FE29AE0DFE4A6C47" box="[387,477,1306,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FE29AE0DFE026C47" box="[387,405,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FE09AE0DFE4A6C47" box="[419,477,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">laeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF1180AFF6EAE29FD9E6C4E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6EAE29FD696C9C" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF11809FF6EAE29FDB06C2A" bold="true" box="[196,551,1343,1369]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Description.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF11809FEC0AE29FE776C2A" box="[362,480,1343,1369]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF11809FD92AE56FD166C29" box="[568,641,1344,1370]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,957,981]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Gonioctena koryeoensis, Holotype." pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body convex and oblong, length
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF11809FB9EAE56FB036C29" box="[1076,1172,1344,1370]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF11809FB45AE56FAC66C29" box="[1263,1361,1344,1370]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head reddish brown anteriorly, black posteriorly; mandibles reddish brown with apex black; maxillary palp reddish brown; antennae yellowish brown; pronotum reddish brown with three small obscure spots; scutellum piceous; elytra reddish brown with five pairs of black spots; elytral suture black except for basal 1/3; ventral surfaces reddish brown; legs entirely reddish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6EAEECFBEF6FBC" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Head finely punctate with Y-shaped suture between eyes; interstices finely granulate. Mandibles threetoothed with excavation for reception of palpus at lateral side. Maxillary palp four-segmented with apical segment distinctly widened and apically truncate, 1.4 times wider than third segment. Antennae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF11809FAE2AD53FA046F2C" box="[1352,1427,1605,1631]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1995,2019]" captionTargetBox="[386,1211,1541,1978]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[378,1214,1537,1983]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 4. Gonioctena koryeoensis. 2. Antenna; 3. Fore tibia; 4. Aedeagus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194889/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) eleven-segmented, nearly reaching the base of pronotum, first segment curved, 1.8 times as long as second, second as long as third, third slightly longer than fourth, seventh to tenth distinctly widened, each slightly longer than wide, eleventh longest, 1.8 times as long as wide, gently pointed at apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6EADCCFC326E17" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Pronotum twice as wide as long, widest at 1/5 of its length from basal corner, thence roundly narrowed anteriorly, slightly so posteriorly; anterior margin deeply emarginate; surface finely punctate medianly and strongly so laterally; interstices finely granuate; posterior angles with setigerous pores. Scutellum subtriangular, rounded at apex, nearly as long as wide, impunctate.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF11809FF6EAC66FAD86EDC" blockId="1.[151,1438,634,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="53">Elytra subparallel-sided, rounded at apex; humeri raised; surface with eleven regular rows of punctures; interstices finely punctate; elytral epipleura slanted downwards from outer edge, visible in lateral view.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7DAFCBFFF2180AFF3DA8ABFC986AA7" box="[151,783,957,981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF3DA8ABFC986AA7" blockId="2.[151,783,957,981]" box="[151,783,957,981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFF3DA8ABFE8E6AA6" bold="true" box="[151,281,957,981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF2180AFE3CA8A8FD006AA6" box="[406,663,958,981]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koryeoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFE3CA8A8FD006AA6" box="[406,663,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Gonioctena koryeoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF6EA8EBFAB56D4E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1021,1490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Tibiae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF2180AFEB5A8EBFEF16D64" box="[287,358,1021,1047]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1995,2019]" captionTargetBox="[386,1211,1541,1978]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[378,1214,1537,1983]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 4. Gonioctena koryeoensis. 2. Antenna; 3. Fore tibia; 4. Aedeagus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194889/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) armed with preapical tooth followed by coarsely setose emargination; fore-legs with first tarsal segment distinctly widened, slightly narrower than third segment; tarsal claws appendiculate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF6CAF5EFB9E6DF6" blockId="2.[151,1437,1021,1490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Aedeagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF2180AFEFEAF5EFE336D11" box="[340,420,1096,1122]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1995,2019]" captionTargetBox="[386,1211,1541,1978]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[378,1214,1537,1983]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 4. Gonioctena koryeoensis. 2. Antenna; 3. Fore tibia; 4. Aedeagus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194889/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly widened, then suddenly and strongly narrowed with short and broad prolongation in dorsal view, sinuate with short prolongation in lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF6EAF9BFAE16DBE" blockId="2.[151,1437,1021,1490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFF6EAF9BFEBC6DD4" bold="true" box="[196,299,1165,1191]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF2180AFE7EAF9BFDA06DD4" box="[468,567,1165,1191]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF2180AFD38AF9BFD636DD4" box="[658,756,1165,1191]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, larger than in male. Apical segment of maxillary palp smaller and more narrowly truncate than in male, 1.3 times wider than third segment. Spermatheca absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF6CAFCEFC816C64" blockId="2.[151,1437,1021,1490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFF6CAFCEFED66D81" bold="true" box="[198,321,1240,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF2180AFEE7AFCEFE2F6D81" box="[333,440,1240,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" type="male">14 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF2180AFE5DAFCEFDEE6D81" box="[503,633,1240,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" type="female">18 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B941E1FFF2180AFD21AFCEFD6A6D81" box="[651,765,1240,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and reared adults) measured. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF2180AFAAFAFCEFA0F6D81" box="[1285,1432,1240,1266]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="4.9">4.9–5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF2180AFF4BAFEBFEE56C64" box="[225,370,1277,1303]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The color variation as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF2180AFD08AFEBFC856C64" box="[674,786,1277,1303]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,269,527,551]" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Color variation of Gonioctena koryeoensis." pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Figs. 5–8</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF6CAE34FD9E6C4E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1021,1490]" box="[198,521,1314,1341]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFF6CAE34FE0C6C4F" bold="true" box="[198,411,1314,1340]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">First instar larva</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF2180AFE01AE35FD976C4E" box="[427,512,1315,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="4.[151,275,917,941]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,213,881]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,197,893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Schematics of larval tubercle pattern (above: prothorax, middle: mesothorax, below: second abdominal segment). 18. First instar larva; 19. Last instar larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194891/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF2180AFF6EAE5EFD8A6CA1" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF6EAE5EFD8A6CA1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1021,1490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFF6EAE5EFED36C11" bold="true" box="[196,324,1352,1378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The first instar larva of this species is easily distinguished from the other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF2180AFAB8AE5FFA0B6C11" box="[1298,1436,1353,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFAB8AE5FFA0B6C11" box="[1298,1436,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Gonioctena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the following characters: dorsal region of meso- and metathorax with five tubercles Dai-Dae, DLai, Dpi, Dpe-DLpi and DLe; dorsal region of first six abdominal segments with six tubercles Dai-Dae, DLai, DLae, Dpi, Dpe-DLpi and DLpe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF7DAFCBFFF2180AFF3DACDDFB4A6E90" box="[151,1245,1995,2019]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194889/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[386,1211,1541,1978]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF2180AFF3DACDDFB4A6E90" blockId="2.[151,1245,1995,2019]" box="[151,1245,1995,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFF3DACDDFED46E90" bold="true" box="[151,323,1995,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">FIGURES 2–4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF2180AFEE3ACDAFDDD6E90" box="[329,586,1996,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koryeoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF2180AFEE3ACDAFDDD6E90" box="[329,586,1996,2019]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Gonioctena koryeoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 2. Antenna; 3. Fore tibia; 4. Aedeagus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7DAFCBFFF3180BFF3DA919FC806B55" box="[151,791,527,551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF3180BFF3DA919FC806B55" blockId="3.[151,791,527,551]" box="[151,791,527,551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF3180BFF3DA919FED46B54" bold="true" box="[151,323,527,551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">FIGURES 5–8.</emphasis>
|
||
Color variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF3180BFDA5A919FC876B55" box="[527,784,527,550]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koryeoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF3180BFDA5A919FC876B55" box="[527,784,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Gonioctena koryeoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7DAFCBFFF3180BFF3DAC85FD266E99" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF3180BFF3DAC85FD266E99" blockId="3.[151,1437,1939,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF3180BFF3DAC85FECD6ED8" bold="true" box="[151,346,1939,1963]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">FIGURES 9–17.</emphasis>
|
||
Last instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF3180BFDE9AC85FCC36ED9" box="[579,852,1939,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koryeoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF3180BFDE9AC85FCC36ED9" box="[579,852,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Gonioctena koryeoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11–15, 17).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7DAFCBFFF4180CFF3DA883FCAA6ABF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194891/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[178,1411,213,881]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF4180CFF3DA883FCAA6ABF" blockId="4.[151,1436,917,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF4180CFF3DA883FEFE6ADE" bold="true" box="[151,361,917,941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 18–19.</emphasis>
|
||
Schematics of larval tubercle pattern (above: prothorax, middle: mesothorax, below: second abdominal segment). 18. First instar larva; 19. Last instar larva.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7DAFCBFFF4180CFF3DADC1FE236E7C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194892/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[192,1393,1082,1699]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF4180CFF3DADC1FE236E7C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1751,1807]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF4180CFF3DADC1FECA6F9C" bold="true" box="[151,349,1751,1775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 20–22.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF4180CFE16ADCEFD2B6F9C" box="[444,700,1752,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koryeoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF4180CFE16ADCEFD2B6F9C" box="[444,700,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">Gonioctena koryeoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 20. Habitus; 21. Head; 22. Ninth abdominal segment. Scale bars = 1 mm (20), 0.5 mm (21, 22).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF4180DFF6EAC4EFDCE6B54" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF4180CFF6EAC4EFDAD6EE4" blockId="4.[151,1436,1880,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF4180CFF6EAC4EFECB6E01" bold="true" box="[196,348,1880,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to mature larva except for following characters. Body length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF4180CFB12AC4EFA826E01" box="[1208,1301,1880,1906]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF4180CFAC3AC4EFF636EE4" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7– 0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, head width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF4180CFE22AC6BFDA16EE4" box="[392,566,1917,1943]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="5.699999999999999" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="0.56" valueMax="0.57" valueMin="0.55">0.55–0.57 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF4180DFF6EACB5FB796851" blockId="4.[151,1436,1880,2018]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF4180CFF6EACB5FEB76ECF" box="[196,288,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax with three tubercles D-DL-EP (dorsal, dorsolateral and epipleural fused, 12L 4–5S), P (pleural, 1S 1M) and ES-SS (eusternal and sternellar fused, 1L 1S). Meso- and metathorax with ten tubercles Dai-Dae (dorsal anterior interior and dorsal anterior exterior fused, 4L 1M), DLai (dorsolateral anterior interior, without seta), Dpi (dorsal posterior interior, 2L), Dpe-DLpi (dorsal posterior exterior and dorsolateral posterior interior fused, 1L 2M, egg bursters on DLpi), DLe (dorsolateral exterior, 3–4L 1–2S 2M), EPa (epipleural anterior, 3S), EPp (epipleural posterior, 3–5L), P (1S 1M), SS (1S) and ES (1L 3S).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF5180DFF6EAA3BFD3A6B71" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFF6EAA3BFEAC6835" box="[196,315,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
First six segments with ten tubercles Dai-Dae (4L 1M), DLai (1L), DLae (dorsolateral anterior exterior, 2M), Dpi (2L), Dpe-DLpi (1L), DLpe (dorsolateral posterior exterior, 1L 1M), EP (4–5L 1S), P (2S 1M), PS-SS (parasternal and sternellar fused, 3S) and ES (1L). Seventh segment with dorsal and dorso-lateral tubercles fused (6L 4M). Eighth segment with five tubercles D-DL (8–10L 5M), EP (3–4S), P (2S 1M), PS- SS (2–3S) and ES (1S). Ninth segment with two tubercles D-DL-EP (7L 2S) and ES-PS-SS (4S). Tenth segment with ventral tubercles fused (4–5M).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF5180DFF6CA91BFDCE6B54" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" box="[198,601,525,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFF6CA91BFE016B54" bold="true" box="[198,406,525,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Last instar larva</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFE0CA91BFDB26B54" box="[422,549,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Figs. 9–17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFD98A91BFDC76B54" box="[562,592,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="4.[151,275,917,941]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,213,881]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,197,893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Schematics of larval tubercle pattern (above: prothorax, middle: mesothorax, below: second abdominal segment). 18. First instar larva; 19. Last instar larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194891/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">19</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF5180DFF6CA939FD476BC1" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF5180DFF6CA939FD476BC1" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFF6CA939FED16B3A" bold="true" box="[198,326,559,585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The last instar larva of this species is easily distinguished from the other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF5180DFAB9A926FA0B6B3A" box="[1299,1436,560,585]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFAB9A926FA0B6B3A" box="[1299,1436,560,585]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Gonioctena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the following characters: dorsal region of meso- and metathorax with six tubercles Dai-Dae, DLai, Dpi, Dpe-DLpi, DLe and ad1; dorsal region of first six abdominal segments with five tubercles Dai-Dae, DLai, DLae, Dpi-Dpe-DLpi and DLpe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFDC1A98EFD556BC1" box="[619,706,664,690]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="4.[151,275,917,941]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,213,881]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,197,893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Schematics of larval tubercle pattern (above: prothorax, middle: mesothorax, below: second abdominal segment). 18. First instar larva; 19. Last instar larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194891/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF5180EFF6CA9ACFE3A6B54" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF5180DFF6CA9ACFAB16A2C" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFF6CA9ACFEC86BA7" bold="true" box="[198,351,698,724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF5180DFDA6A9ACFD366BA7" box="[524,673,698,724]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" metricValueMax="8.6" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="8.05" valueMax="8.6" valueMin="7.5">7.5–8.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF5180DFCABA9ACFC016BA7" box="[769,918,698,724]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, head width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF5180DFB93A9ACFB586BA7" box="[1081,1231,698,724]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Body yellowish white, slightly convexed dorso-ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFD0DA9CBFD626B84" box="[679,757,733,759]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head blackish brown with clypeus yellowish brown anteriorly. Tubercles on dorsum dark brown and very large, on venter pale brown and very weak. Chitinous platelets on dorsum dense and strong, on venter very weak. Sac-like eversible glands dorsally present between seventh and eighth abdominal segments. Legs dark brown to brown with yellowish white on inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7DAFCBFFF5180DFF3DAE64FC4C6CF9" box="[151,987,1394,1418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF5180DFF3DAE64FC4C6CF9" blockId="5.[151,987,1394,1418]" box="[151,987,1394,1418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFF3DAE64FEB16CF9" bold="true" box="[151,294,1394,1418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
|
||
Ovoviviparity, eggs laid by a female contain advanced embryos.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF5180DFF6EAEA5FB876F84" blockId="5.[151,1437,1458,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFF6EAEA5FE926CBF" box="[196,261,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFEBCAEA4FEF86CBF" box="[278,367,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypognathous, rounded, strongly sclerotized. Epicranial suture Y-shaped. Epicranium covered with obscure dark spots with seventeen pairs of setae. Frons slightly depressed medially with five pairs of setae. Endocarina distinct; epistomal suture developed. Six stemmata present on each side. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFF0AAD34FF6F6F4F" box="[160,248,1570,1596]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) three-segmented, first segment with two sensilla, second segment with a sensory papilla and four setae, third segment with six setae. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFD14AD5EFC816F11" box="[702,790,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three pairs of setae. Labrum deeply notched at anterior margin with two pairs of setae; epipharynx with five pairs of setae. Mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFB0FAD7BFB6D6FF4" box="[1189,1274,1645,1671]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) five-toothed with two setae. Maxillary palp (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFDB6AD84FDE26FDF" box="[540,629,1682,1708]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
) three-segmented; palpifer with two setae; stipes with three setae; cardo with a seta; mala with fourteen setae. Labial palp two-segmented; prementum with four pairs of setae; postmentum covered with spinules antero-laterally with three pairs of setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF5180EFF6EAC15FAAC69A4" blockId="5.[151,1437,1458,2007]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF5180DFF6EAC15FEB66E6F" box="[196,289,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum with a narrow longitudinal line. Dorsal and epipleural regions of prothorax with a large tubercle D-DL-EP (17–19L 30–33S,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF5180DFDE2AC3EFD0A6E31" box="[584,669,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
); pleural region with a tubercle P (1L 3–4S); sternal region with a tubercle ES-SS (1L 3S). Dorsal region of meso- and metathorax with six tubercles Dai-Dae (2L 6S), DLai (2– 3S), Dpi (1L 3–4S), Dpe-DLpi (1L 5–6S), DLe (4L 12S 2–3M) and ad1 (secondary tubercle on dorsal region, 1S); epipleural region with two tubercles EPa (10S) and EPp (2L 5S); pleural region with a tubercle P (1L 2– 3S); sternal region with two tubercles SS (1S), ES (1L, 3S) and six additional setae. Mesothoracic spiracles annuliform, fused with tubercle EPa. All pairs of legs similar in size, shape and chaetotaxy; tibia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF6180EFA91AB8EFA0469C1" box="[1339,1427,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
) with nine setae; tarsus strongly curved with pointed tip, enlarged basally with a seta; pulvillus absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EABF4FB696B71" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EABF4FEAC6988" box="[196,315,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal region of first six segments with five tubercles Dai-Dae (10S), DLai (3–4S), DLae (3S), Dpi-Dpe-DLpi (2L 8S) and DLpe (1L 3–4S 1M); epipleural region with a tubercle EP (4L 11–12S); pleural region with a tubercle P (2L 5–7S); sternal region with four tubercles PS-SS (reduced to three small tubercles, 3S), ES (3S), as1 (secondary tubercle on sternal region, 1S), as2 (1S) and three additional setae. Seventh segment with dorsal and dorso-lateral tubercles fused (3L 15S 4M). Eighth segment with five tubercles D-DL (3L 12S 7M), EP (2L 8S), P (3S 1M), PS-SS (2S) and ES (1S). Ninth segment with two tubercles D-DL-EP (3L 12S 2M) and ES-PS-SS (3S 1M). Tenth segment with ventral tubercles fused (5M), pygopod developed. Spiracles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF6180EFEB8AAFEFEF06B71" box="[274,359,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 17" captionStartId="3.[151,275,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[239,1346,593,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[229,1361,586,1934]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 17. Last instar larva of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 9. Habitus; 10. Head; 11. Mandible; 12. Tibia and tarsus; 13. Clypeus and labrum; 14. Antenna; 15. Lower mouth parts; 16. Pronotum (D-DL-EP); 17. Spiracle. Scale bars = 1 mm (9), 0.5 mm (10, 16), 0.1 mm (11 – 15, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194890/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
) present on first eight segments, similar to mesothoracic spiracles but smaller.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6CA91BFE3A6B54" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" box="[198,429,525,551]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6CA91BFE906B54" bold="true" box="[198,263,525,551]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF6180EFEBDA91BFE326B54" box="[279,421,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1751,1775]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,1082,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1024,1731]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Pupa of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 20. Habitus; 21. Head; 22. Ninth abdominal segment. Scale bars = 1 mm (20), 0.5 mm (21, 22)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Figs. 20–22</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF6180EFF6EA924FC146B01" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EA924FC146B01" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EA924FED36B3F" bold="true" box="[196,324,562,588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The pupa is very similar to other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF6180EFCE4A924FC406B38" box="[846,983,562,587]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFCE4A924FC406B38" box="[846,983,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Gonioctena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be distinguished by the shape and chaetotaxy of apical processes of ninth abdominal segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF6180EFF6EA96BFE486A94" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EA96BFB216BE4" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" box="[196,1206,637,663]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EA96BFEC26BE4" bold="true" box="[196,341,637,663]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF6180EFE51A96BFD1C6BE4" box="[507,651,637,663]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="5.35" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="5.2">5.2–5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA52A6FFF6180EFD4AA96BFCE66BE4" box="[736,881,637,663]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Body orange ground color.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EA9B4FCF06B91" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EA9B4FE946BC8" box="[196,259,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF6180EFEBEA9B4FEFE6BCF" box="[276,361,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1751,1775]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,1082,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1024,1731]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Pupa of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 20. Habitus; 21. Head; 22. Ninth abdominal segment. Scale bars = 1 mm (20), 0.5 mm (21, 22)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rounded with seven pairs of setae, not visible in dorsal view. Labrum slightly notched at anterior margin with two pairs of setae. Mandible with a seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EA9FBFD676A21" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EA9FBFEB66A75" box="[196,289,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum with forty-two to fifty-one pairs of setae; mesonotum with two to three pairs of setae; metanotum with three to four pairs of setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF6180EFD6CA804FCB36A5F" box="[710,804,786,812]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1751,1775]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,1082,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1024,1731]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Pupa of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 20. Habitus; 21. Head; 22. Ninth abdominal segment. Scale bars = 1 mm (20), 0.5 mm (21, 22)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Femur with three setae apically; tibia with a seta preapically; last tarsal segment with a seta apically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EA84BFE486A94" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EA84BFEAC6A05" box="[196,315,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Each abdominal segment with ten to eighteen pairs of setae. Lateral projections present on first six abdominal segments. Apical processes of ninth abdominal segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF6180EFC47A894FBD36AEF" box="[1005,1092,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1751,1775]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,1082,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1024,1731]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Pupa of Gonioctena koryeoensis. 20. Habitus; 21. Head; 22. Ninth abdominal segment. Scale bars = 1 mm (20), 0.5 mm (21, 22)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) strongly pointed with seven pairs of setae. Spiracles present on first eight abdominal segments, but small and inconspicuous on sixth to eighth abdominal segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF6180EFF6CA8E4FEF96D0F" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6CA8E4FE866D41" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6CA8E4FEF16D7F" bold="true" box="[198,358,1010,1036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens were collected from mountainous areas in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EAF2BFEF96D0F" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EAF2BFEF76D24" bold="true" box="[196,352,1085,1111]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Host plants.</emphasis>
|
||
The species feeds on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF6180EFD42AF2BFCBA6D25" box="[744,813,1085,1110]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFD42AF2BFCBA6D25" box="[744,813,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Alnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF6180EFCD3AF2BFB916D24" box="[889,1030,1085,1111]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which are common trees on the Korean Peninsula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C318ACC8FFF6180EFF6EAF91FEA36C61" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBDFF43FFF6180EFF6EAF91FEA36C61" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFF6EAF91FED76DD2" bold="true" box="[196,320,1159,1185]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
On
|
||
<date id="FFBCD983FFF6180EFEDCAF9EFD8C6DD1" box="[374,539,1160,1186]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" value="2006-05-14">14 May 2006</date>
|
||
, a female in the laboratory laid
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0434CAFFF6180EFC0AAF9EFC696DD1" box="[928,1022,1160,1186]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" type="egg">17 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
that contained advanced embryos (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1339E3C6FFF6180EFF35AFBBFF606DB4" box="[159,247,1197,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1394,1418]" captionText="FIGURE 23. Ovoviviparity, eggs laid by a female contain advanced embryos." pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). The eggs hatched within a day. Ovoviviparity is rather common in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF6180EFBB5AFBBFB3F6DB5" box="[1055,1192,1197,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFBB5AFBBFB3F6DB5" box="[1055,1192,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Gonioctena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and females tend to lose spermatheca (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9382B2FFF6180EFED9AFC4FDB06D9F" author="Bontems" box="[371,551,1234,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Bontems, C. (1988) Localization of spermatozoa inside viviparous and oviparous females of Chrysomelinae. In: Jolivet, P., Petitpierre E. & Hsiao, T. H. (Eds), Biology of Chrysomelidae, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 299 - 316." type="book chapter" year="1988">Bontems 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0284C0FFF6180EFD91AFC5FCCE6D9F" box="[571,857,1235,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Gonioctena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koryeoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9762351FFF6180EFD91AFC5FCCE6D9F" box="[571,857,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Gonioctena koryeoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reported here as an ovoviviparous species for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |