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<mods:title id="57B33352E42A09732F6CB163D2FA8E78">Taxonomic position of and generic distinction between Parepactophanes Kunz, 1935 and Taurocletodes Kunz, 1975 (Copepoda, Canthocamptidae incertae sedis), with description of a new species from the Black Sea</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A11C63BA58FFA209FFBBCEFB54ABAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5110469" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189137616" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5110469" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A11C63BA58FFA209FFBBCEFB54ABAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A11C63BA58FFA209FFBBCEFB54ABAA" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
<subSubSection id="C312FEFEBA58FFA209FFBBCEFD69ABC7" box="[236,664,1711,1735]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB7AD75BA58FFA209FFBBCEFD69ABC7" blockId="14.[236,664,1711,1735]" box="[236,664,1711,1735]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
<heading id="D0FF1A19BA58FFA209FFBBCEFD69ABC7" box="[236,664,1711,1735]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" reason="5">
GENUS
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20857BBD1FD69ABC7" authority="KUNZ, 1975" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1975" box="[324,664,1711,1735]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Taurocletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20857BBD1FDF9ABC6" box="[324,520,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">TAUROCLETODES</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF99D084BA58FFA20B1CBBCEFD69ABC7" author="Kunz H" box="[527,664,1711,1735]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" pagination="257 - 282" refId="ref9409" refString="Kunz H. 1975. Harpacticoiden (Crustacea, Copepoda) aus dem Kustengrundwasser der franzosischen Mittelmeerkuste. Zoologica Scripta 3: 257 - 282." type="journal article" year="1975">KUNZ, 1975</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C312FEFEBA58FFA2099DBB80FB54ABAA" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB7AD75BA58FFA2099DBB80FA9AAE9B" blockId="14.[142,758,1759,1905]" lastBlockId="14.[806,1422,196,923]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA2099DBB80FEF5ABF6" box="[142,260,1761,1782]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA2081DBB81FE2AABF6" authorityName="BRADY" authorityYear="1880" box="[270,475,1760,1782]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Canthocamptidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Canthocamptidae</taxonomicName>
. Small-sized (&lt;
<quantity id="4CF00090BA58FFA20B81BB81FD1AABF5" box="[658,747,1760,1782]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
). Body robust, more or less cylindrical with prosome slightly wider than urosome. Anal operculum multispinose. Nauplius eye present. Rostrum long, elongate and hyaline. Antennule 6-segmented in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20B75BA3BFD8AAA70" box="[614,635,1882,1904]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="female"></specimenCount>
, with aesthetasc on segment 3 and as part of acrothek on segment 6; all elements setiform and bare except for posteriormost seta on segment 2; 10-segmented in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20C7DBC60FA76AC17" box="[1390,1415,257,279]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
, with geniculation between segments 78. Antenna with allobasis bearing one abexopodal seta; exopod 1- segmented, bisetose. Mandible with 1-segmented palp bearing four setae. Maxillule with two elements on coxa, four on basis; endopod and exopod represented by one and three setae, respectively. Maxilla with three endites. Maxilliped subchelate, syncoxa with strong spine, basis unarmed, endopod drawn out into claw. P1 with 3-segmented rami; exp-2 with small inner seta; enp-2 with long penicillate seta near boundary with enp-1, enp-3 with short penicillate seta near inner distal corner; endopod much longer than exopod. P2P
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20C75BF10FA7FAF87" box="[1382,1422,625,647]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
short and robust; with 3-segmented exopods and 2-segmented (P2P3) or 1-segmented (P4) endopods. Exopods with two outer spines on exp-3; P4 exp-3 inner seta absent. Outer spines of P2P4 exp-1 and -2 enlarged in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20AA1BE6BFC3AAE20" box="[946,971,778,800]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
, that of P3 exp-1 very large. Endopods P2P3 sexually dimorphic; inner seta of P2 enp-1 absent in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20A8FBE26FC44AE5D" box="[924,949,839,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
;
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20AD7BE26FC2CAE5D" box="[964,989,839,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
P3 endopod 3-segmented; drawn out into short apophysis, without inner seta on enp-1. P1 P4 armature formula as follows (apo = apophysis):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB7AD75BA58FFA20A35B9EAFBEAA9FD" blockId="14.[806,1422,1163,1553]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
The inner seta on P1 exp-2 is minute in
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20C18B9EDFA76A9A1" authorityName="Karaytuǧ &amp; Huys" authorityYear="2004" box="[1291,1415,1164,1185]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Taurocletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumenae">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20C18B9EDFA76A9A1" box="[1291,1415,1164,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">T. tumenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF99D084BA58FFA20A35B9CBFC3DA9C0" author="Noodt W" box="[806,972,1194,1216]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" pagination="53 - 116" refId="ref9636" refString="Noodt W. 1958 b. Die Copepoda Harpacticoidea des Brandungsstrandes von Teneriffa (Kanarische Inseln). Abhandlungen der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz 1958 (2): 53 - 116." type="journal article" year="1958">Noodt (1958b)</bibRefCitation>
states explicitly that this segment is unarmed in
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20AA1B9A8FBEDA9DE" authorityName="Karaytuǧ &amp; Huys" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Noodt" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[946,1052,1225,1246]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Taurocletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20AA1B9A8FBEDA9DE" box="[946,1052,1225,1246]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">T. dubius</emphasis>
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but his figure indicates that the inner seta is present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB7AD75BA58FFA20A2CB867FBACAB11" blockId="14.[806,1422,1163,1553]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
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Fifth pair of legs medially free in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20DA5B864FB3AA81B" box="[1206,1227,1285,1307]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="female"></specimenCount>
, fused in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20C25B864FABEA81B" box="[1334,1359,1285,1307]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
. Exopod and baseoendopod fused in both sexes. Exopodal lobe with four elements in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20D7DB822FB72A859" box="[1134,1155,1347,1369]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="female"></specimenCount>
, five in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20DF9B822FAF2A859" box="[1258,1283,1347,1369]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
. Endopodal lobe with four setae in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20D22B800FBB7A877" box="[1073,1094,1377,1399]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="female"></specimenCount>
, with two spines in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20C23B800FAB8A877" box="[1328,1353,1377,1399]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
. Genital field of
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20ABDB8E1FC32A896" box="[942,963,1408,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="female"></specimenCount>
comprising separate gonopores covered by opercula bearing three pinnate spines; sixth legs asymmetrical in
<specimenCount id="9D0E66FCBA58FFA20AF7B8DCFC0CA8D3" box="[996,1021,1469,1491]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="male"></specimenCount>
, represented by unarmed opercula. Caudal rami about as long as wide; with six setae, setae IV-
<collectionCode id="ED1935B0BA58FFA20A80B89DFC54AB11" box="[915,933,1532,1553]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
well developed
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB7AD75BA58FFA20A35BB4BFAF5AB7C" blockId="14.[806,1422,1577,1661]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20A35BB4BFC46AB3F" box="[806,951,1578,1599]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
<typeStatus id="54B313D7BA58FFA20A35BB4BFCAAAB3F" box="[806,859,1578,1599]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20AD3BB48FA7FAB3F" authority="Kunz, 1975" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1975" box="[960,1422,1577,1599]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Taurocletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20AD3BB48FB25AB3E" box="[960,1236,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">Taurocletodes gallicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF99D084BA58FFA20DE7BB4BFA7FAB3F" author="Kunz H" box="[1268,1422,1577,1599]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" pagination="257 - 282" refId="ref9409" refString="Kunz H. 1975. Harpacticoiden (Crustacea, Copepoda) aus dem Kustengrundwasser der franzosischen Mittelmeerkuste. Zoologica Scripta 3: 257 - 282." type="journal article" year="1975">Kunz, 1975</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20A2FBB29FC0DAB5D" authorityName="Kunz" authorityYear="1935" box="[828,1020,1608,1629]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Parepactophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20A2FBB29FC0DAB5D" box="[828,1020,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">Parepactophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20D1DBB29FAFBAB5E" authority="Noodt, 1958 b" authorityName="Noodt" authorityYear="1958" box="[1038,1290,1608,1630]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Parepactophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20D1DBB29FBA1AB5D" box="[1038,1104,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">dubia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF99D084BA58FFA20D76BB29FAFBAB5E" author="Noodt W" box="[1125,1290,1608,1630]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" pagination="53 - 116" refId="ref9636" refString="Noodt W. 1958 b. Die Copepoda Harpacticoidea des Brandungsstrandes von Teneriffa (Kanarische Inseln). Abhandlungen der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz 1958 (2): 53 - 116." type="journal article" year="1958">Noodt, 1958b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20C51BB28FB77AB7D" authority="(Noodt, 1958 b)" authorityName="Karaytuǧ &amp; Huys" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Noodt" baseAuthorityYear="1958" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Taurocletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20C51BB28FC25AB7C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">Taurocletodes dubius</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF99D084BA58FFA20AF6BB06FB8FAB7D" author="Noodt W" box="[997,1150,1639,1661]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" pagination="53 - 116" refId="ref9636" refString="Noodt W. 1958 b. Die Copepoda Harpacticoidea des Brandungsstrandes von Teneriffa (Kanarische Inseln). Abhandlungen der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz 1958 (2): 53 - 116." type="journal article" year="1958">Noodt, 1958b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24FCC1CBA58FFA20D9DBB06FAF5AB7C" box="[1166,1284,1639,1661]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB7AD75BA58FFA20A35BBF4FB54ABAA" blockId="14.[806,1189,1685,1706]" box="[806,1189,1685,1706]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
<emphasis id="B97C7167BA58FFA20A35BBF4FBB9ABAA" box="[806,1096,1685,1706]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="483">
Other species:
<taxonomicName id="4C08D6F6BA58FFA20ADFBBF4FBB9ABAA" authority="Karaytuǧ &amp; Huys, 2004" authorityName="Karaytuǧ &amp; Huys" authorityYear="2004" box="[972,1096,1685,1706]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Cletodidae" genus="Taurocletodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumenae" status="sp. nov.">T. tumenae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24FCC1CBA58FFA20D43BBF4FB54ABAA" box="[1104,1189,1685,1706]" pageId="14" pageNumber="483" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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