198 lines
23 KiB
XML
198 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="296B5DA9C72A24F7C38ED20AC8BF9513">Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F21D1868F36A3C4E1822AB59AD436033">Chamorro, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F65D6D81B5BD30800FC7BD568423FACB">Marin-Armijos, Diego</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5BAA40FE4FFB32BCE11DEB1F848BDFB0">senjo, Angelico</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6BB16C6E0A61CEDAE7DF4D1FB119FF3B">Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0ED4FC3BFB0B5C888B139E65425E33D1">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D84E0140B05905FCEF34C6EC2828BE30" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154127523" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D84E0140B05905FCEF34C6EC2828BE30" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D84E0140B05905FCEF34C6EC2828BE30" lastPageId="242" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<subSubSection id="62879931AD58DBEB5D851310066BE3A9" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A484A87BD85F47AC85CA110D95FE4E42" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName id="04466B2BFF37CB48AD38B1A1C740BA9B" ID-CoL="7DZH4" authority="Bates, 1891" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1891" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys latesulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">Uroxys latesulcatus Bates, 1891</taxonomicName>
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Plates 53C, 58
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<normalizedToken id="FFD7C3799111D1F65D5C61D85334D131" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D19F38F31EDD953EBEFAA60E66B94711" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F557A53D12DEF7EE1F00DBA70295FBD4" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName id="D78063BBA5CE75536A5AE99DD0BF1956" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys latesulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">Uroxys latesulcatus</taxonomicName>
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Bates, 1891: 24 (original description. Type locality: Ecuador: Pichincha, 12,000 feet [= 3655 m]; Machachi, 9-10,000 feet [= 2745-3050 m]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A097866A98F1C108B45043F8E7101ED3" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName id="67853C56AEB2680861E69DA559FAA719" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys latesulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">Uroxys latesulcatus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="03D4F129A993DC1CD8902DF7696A614C" author="Gillet, JJE" journalOrPublisher="IW Junk, Berlin, Germany" pageId="268" pageNumber="269" title="Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 38: Scarabaeidae: Coprinae." year="1911 a">Gillet 1911a</bibRefCitation>
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: 50 (catalog);
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<bibRefCitation id="E84B0C183DBBFCF1151239721419DCB6" author="Campos, F" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" pagination="26 - 100" title="Estudios sobre la fauna entomologica del Ecuador." volume="6" year="1921">Campos 1921</bibRefCitation>
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: 55 (cited for Ecuador);
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<bibRefCitation id="CC7BEB9EF2FE3390EB3FC379FE830C85" author="Arrow, GJ" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of natural History" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" pagination="385 - 399" title="The genus Uroxys, with description of some new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933308673669" volume="10" year="1933">Arrow 1933</bibRefCitation>
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: 388 (characters in key);
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<bibRefCitation id="99DCF433010D4ACDE1501385CE8EADB3" author="Vulcano, MA" journalOrPublisher="Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica" pageId="279" pageNumber="280" pagination="533 - 603" title="Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera)." volume="5" year="1967">Vulcano and Pereira 1967</bibRefCitation>
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: 580 (characters in key);
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<bibRefCitation id="C04E43F136736DAA7A82DD46FD596F6E" author="Carvajal, V" journalOrPublisher="Quito, Ecuado" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" title="Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales generos. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas. Escuela Politecnica Nacional. Serie Entomologia, Nro. 1." year="2011">Carvajal et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 318-319 (cited for Ecuador);
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<bibRefCitation id="B4C552BE851D192FB24ED9705EF28D22" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Krajcik 2012</bibRefCitation>
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: 262 (complete list of species);
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<bibRefCitation id="B04B3CF400786BECEE6D63743A1A48C1" author="Chamorro, W" journalOrPublisher="Revista Colombiana de Entomologi ́ a" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" pagination="72 - 100" title="Listado de especies y clave de ge ́ neros y subge ́ neros de escarabajos estercoleros (Coleoptera: Scarabaei- dae: Scarabaeinae) presentes y presuntos para Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v44i1.6545" volume="44" year="2018">Chamorro et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: 98 (cited for Ecuador).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C4C3D77DA1CA83AC4B741361D1FBA32" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName id="D9451C3F2A14FE2A31D4F9AFDCCCA904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys latesulcata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latesulcata">Uroxys latesulcata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="1569C43916CE04940E930BA7D0852879" author="Blackwelder, RE" journalOrPublisher="National Museum Bulletin" pageId="262" pageNumber="263" pagination="189 - 341" title="Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, West Indies and South America. Part 2." volume="185" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944</bibRefCitation>
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: 203 (list of species for Latin America).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B73D2BD25F0E63486A5BCC68A730F2BB" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName id="67F708868840C6C96C90805A25A58D33" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Uroxys magnus</taxonomicName>
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Balthasar, 1940: 37 (original description);
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<bibRefCitation id="6B3A4DEED74FE92CCF54BD5440B2C75D" author="Vulcano, MA" journalOrPublisher="Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica" pageId="279" pageNumber="280" pagination="533 - 603" title="Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera)." volume="5" year="1967">Vulcano and Pereira 1967</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 580 (characters in key);
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<bibRefCitation id="09AA6BC040A5D8CAA01310896E6A8973" author="Carvajal, V" journalOrPublisher="Quito, Ecuado" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" title="Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales generos. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas. Escuela Politecnica Nacional. Serie Entomologia, Nro. 1." year="2011">Carvajal et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 318-319 (cited for Ecuador);
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||
<bibRefCitation id="7B9C20B9ADCF1D6F26ECD37931579822" author="Bezdek, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="262" pageNumber="263" pagination="349 - 378" title="Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic." volume="51" year="2011">Bezdek and Hajek 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 359 (catalog of types NMPC);
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<bibRefCitation id="D4F0EB3A838E261F96E29145163547FF" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Krajcik 2012</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 262 (complete list of species, cited as
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<taxonomicName id="3201DC98335ABBB1F6AA103FF1788916" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Uroxys magnus</taxonomicName>
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Balthasar, 1947),
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<bibRefCitation id="739A55DA75FF051835CC0376CB6295F7" author="Chamorro, W" journalOrPublisher="Revista Colombiana de Entomologi ́ a" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" pagination="72 - 100" title="Listado de especies y clave de ge ́ neros y subge ́ neros de escarabajos estercoleros (Coleoptera: Scarabaei- dae: Scarabaeinae) presentes y presuntos para Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v44i1.6545" volume="44" year="2018">Chamorro et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: 98 (cited for Ecuador), syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="375945DA69888FAD4C2BE221C4E912AD" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" type="type specimens">
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<paragraph id="591B02CB67CA611F7B4300D9A3BBE6A2" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Type specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C4C0D0BA3E290683EF81B621A8341C35" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF5D3B5F5E0911729D1AEE89A941A6" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys latesulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">Uroxys latesulcatus</taxonomicName>
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Bates, 1891. The lectotype (♂) (here designated) and two paralectotypes are deposited at the MNHN (ex coll. HW Bates and ex coll. R Oberthur). Locality: Ecuador (examined). One paralectotype is deposited at the NHML, examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="05988583626A321D318C57520CC0DF65" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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Lectotype (here designated) (♂): "Ecuador. / feet. / Ed. Whymper. [p]", "Uroxys / latesulcatus / Bates [p, black margin]",
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<normalizedToken id="62B1A1E609971D540A21416B3FC24E1C" originalValue="“Ex-Musæo">"Ex-Musaeo</normalizedToken>
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/ H. W. BATES / 1892 [p, black margin]",
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<normalizedToken id="AC9ECB43805C49CA4AE0DE87F2F1A733" originalValue="“MUSÉUM">"MUSEUM</normalizedToken>
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PARIS / 1952 / COLL. R. OBERTHUR [p, green label, black margin]", "LECTOTYPE ♂ / Uroxys / latesulcatus / Bates / des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello. 2014 [p and hw, red label, black margin]".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3849F80FCFA9745138102892F1CF0CEF" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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Paralectotype (♂): "Ecuador. / feet. / Ed. Whymper. [p]", "Uroxys / latesulcatus / Bates [p, black margin]",
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<normalizedToken id="0BD3E716E9BE911DFCAF9F079D07E0BC" originalValue="“Ex-Musæo">"Ex-Musaeo</normalizedToken>
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/ H. W. BATES / 1892 [p, black margin]",
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<normalizedToken id="39F6CE8B53DAEC64F20B2F78B9629F35" originalValue="“MUSÉUM">"MUSEUM</normalizedToken>
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PARIS / 1952 / COLL. R. OBERTHUR [p, green label, black margin]", "PARALECTOTYPE / Uroxys ♂ / latesulcatus / Bates / des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 [hw and p, yellow label, black margin]".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AB5C03D9F65673A9A2086404CD116B3B" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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Paralectotype (♂): "Ecuador. / feet. / Ed. Whymper. [p]", "latesulcatus / Bates [p]",
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<normalizedToken id="C31E2BAB51B96C85E2B03FCC10BCDFE6" originalValue="“Ex-Musæo">"Ex-Musaeo</normalizedToken>
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/ H. W. BATES / 1892 [p, black margin]",
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<normalizedToken id="A06614FA61B974DA88E5320DF15DEA61" originalValue="“MUSÉUM">"MUSEUM</normalizedToken>
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PARIS / 1952 / COLL. R. OBERTHUR [p, green label, black margin]", "PARALECTOTYPE / Uroxys ♂ / latesulcatus / Bates / des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 [hw and p, yellow label, black margin]".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9216872576B48FE5BA228C8C5EC5092B" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Paralectotype (♂): "Uroxys / latesulcatus, / (Type) Bates [hw]", "92-24 [p]", "SYN- / TYPE [p, blue label]", "PARALECTOTYPE / Uroxys ♂ / latesulcatus / Bates / des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 [hw and p, yellow label, black margin]".</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="78EA0E7D6A4264AD4E7EEF77DF34B9D9" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName id="74F56D78D6A5A5851FBBB0E3DFC1C3C2" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Uroxys magnus</taxonomicName>
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Balthasar, 1940. The lectotype (♂) (here designated) is deposited at the NMPC (ex coll. V Balthasar). Locality: Ecuador (examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FC9A0314278E7340277389F95063305E" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Lectotype (here designated) (♂): "Ecuador / D. Stübel / 5351 [hw, green label]", "4684 [hw, red letters]", "Typus [p, red label]", "Uroxys / magnus / n. sp. / DR. BALTHASAR. DET. [p]", "magnus / m. [hw, green label]", "Mus. Nat. Pragae / 65711 / Inv. [p and hw, red label]", "LECTOTYPE ♂ / Uroxys / magnus / Balth / des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello. 2013 [p and hw, red label, black margin]".</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B701A506B1CF1020D4A993E79DFFD61" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8D0F6FF7D8A4CE94912C79A0D89F6345" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D0BB81B12149E64AFB165F6AACC59458" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Only known from Ecuador.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="442BE659729C6D7B8E0C370B78FF8605" lastPageId="242" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="241" pageNumber="242" type="records examined">
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<paragraph id="F1A9765F121EBA0609C6951A80321D9C" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">Records examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC889CAB1852C3973133E94C41355B4D" lastPageId="242" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="241" pageNumber="242">
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BOLIVAR: Cashca Totoras (5 specimens MQCAZ). COTOPAXI: Sigchos (2 specimens MQCAZ). IMBABURA: Selva Alegre (3 specimens MQCAZ). PICHINCHA: Atahualpa, Bosque Protector Piganta, 2880 m (2 specimens MUTPL);
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<normalizedToken id="D8CE3662030E90D4D043C31F61A2D8FF" originalValue="Cochasquí">Cochasqui</normalizedToken>
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, 3100 m (56 specimens CEMT); Chiriboga (5 specimens MQCAZ); EL Chalpar, 3300 m (1 specimen CEMT, 3 specimens MQCAZ); Machachi, 2700 m (21 specimens MQCAZ); La Cocha (1 specimen CEMT; 8 specimens MQCAZ); Nono (8 specimens MQCAZ); Palmeras, 2200 m (5 specimens
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<pageBreakToken id="B8F2D4E55867B59832CA995C9DA87853" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" start="start">MQCAZ</pageBreakToken>
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); Pasochoa, 3500 m (1 specimen CEMT; 8 specimens MQCAZ); Pingtag, 2880 m; Quito,
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<normalizedToken id="EFF8F9D85354EC3EFCD7A18574963D24" originalValue="Cumbayá">Cumbaya</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2340 m (13 specimens MQCAZ); Reserva
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EDD67A0B0AC79EB70752731C9D9BE8F7" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
|
||
Los Illinizas (2 specimens MUTPL); San
|
||
<normalizedToken id="884F9A845B549CAEE4B1C3729A7CB8D3" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Minas (3 specimens CEMT; 4 specimens MQCAZ); Yanacocha (2 specimens MQCAZ). UNDETERMINED PROVINCE: without specific locality (3 specimens MNHN; 1 specimen NHML, 1 specimen NNPC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7C039C3EC17226DA0FB5E8EA98D62D59" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" type="literature records">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13F59A5C63ECBF45ECFD34ADBB19612" pageId="242" pageNumber="243">Literature records.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6254027298B1B95108703C4B6ADB66FC" pageId="242" pageNumber="243">
|
||
PICHINCHA: without specific locality 12.000 feet [= 3655 m] (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1E3E808445C389F4D8181CF13BD06A69" author="Bates, HW" journalOrPublisher="London John Mueeay, Albemaele Steeet" pageId="262" pageNumber="263" title="Supplementary appendix. In: Whymper E (Ed.) To travels amongst the great Andes of the Equator 1891." year="1891">Bates 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 24); Machachi 9-10000 feet [= 3045 m] (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2CAA1EDAFF09FFF000E5911F961479A8" author="Bates, HW" journalOrPublisher="London John Mueeay, Albemaele Steeet" pageId="262" pageNumber="263" title="Supplementary appendix. In: Whymper E (Ed.) To travels amongst the great Andes of the Equator 1891." year="1891">Bates 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 24).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BAC381921ED7F397F1DDEB3C6D826770" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" type="temporal data">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE42EE6CB3F0A659171532C722A59079" pageId="242" pageNumber="243">Temporal data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDEEAB4A1D3CE55649FB2DE5631074A" pageId="242" pageNumber="243">Collected in January, February, March, April, May, June, October, November, and December.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5E0673A7A293EFA8C8597DC0BC81903E" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="48F7564CB747D862DF850A3A1E36E2B5" pageId="242" pageNumber="243">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9226BBDD411543C8D3D500FF2E2E485" pageId="242" pageNumber="243">Inhabits the high montane evergreen forests of the Andean region from 2340-3300 m a.s.l. Collected with pitfall trap baited with pig or cow feces.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8E6BEE8D4B06CFA4EB6085142CCD492" pageId="242" pageNumber="243">
|
||
Balthasar in 1940, described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FAA1E0C106B3CC836A59F6ABBCC399A5" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Uroxys magnus</taxonomicName>
|
||
for Ecuador (without type locality) as a different species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7B7B932B3D5988A784ADBC35CDEEE20E" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Uroxys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uroxys latesulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">Uroxys latesulcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bates, 1891 (recorded for Ecuador, Pichincha at 12,000 feet [= Pichincha volcano] and Machachi 9 at 10,000 feet, as type localities). However, upon examining the external and genital morphology of the type specimens,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2F813C8025A9EF21A3928BABB3A373F9" lsidName="U. latesulcatus" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">U. latesulcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lectotype ♂ here designated, deposited at the MNHN, Plate 58A) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5870216DC5E92230DC8BD46FAF0408BC" lsidName="U. magnus" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="magnus">U. magnus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lectotype ♂ here designated, deposited at the NMPC, Plate 58B), we believe that they belong to the same species due to similar characteristics (specifically, the shape of the head, dorsal colouration, body length and aedeagus). Therefore, we propose that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8FA9ED1BD2A6F1541BE0316983E3727" lsidName="U. magnus" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="magnus">U. magnus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="282D398BBFBBA7C060DC83E3B0557CBC" lsidName="U. latesulcatus" pageId="242" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">U. latesulcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="440DD29A42071211E3B7A0177BE57AFB" author="Celi, J" journalOrPublisher="Madrid, Espana" pageId="265" pageNumber="266" title="Codigo Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoologica. Cuarta edicion adoptada por la Union Internacional de Ciencias Biologicas." year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Article 23). Two lectotypes (without specific localities for Ecuador) are here designated and illustrated (♂ Plate 58A, B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |