treatments-xml/data/C9/73/35/C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA.xml

<document id="FF8D276974CF1849FE44078F0610D3A8" ID-CLB-Dataset="132132" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.559.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9649da4-c9ca-4703-8954-d7fab06efe23" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7021565" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1661410212656" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sağiroğlu, Mehmet, Tekşen, Mehtap, Duman, Hayri, Karaman, Seher &amp; Çakir, Ece Gökçe" docDate="2022" docId="C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.559.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 559 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Gladiolus alanyensis H. Duman, Sagiroglu, Teksen, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="153" masterDocId="354A4D59FF9F7D1CFFCD661008686036" masterDocTitle="Gladiolus alanyensis (Iridaceae), a new species from southern Turkey in the eastern Mediterranean basin" masterLastPageNumber="156" masterPageNumber="145" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1699373704958" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A77A948C10557A5ACCCB5E17AB5760E4">Gladiolus alanyensis (Iridaceae), a new species from southern Turkey in the eastern Mediterranean basin</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8F65C494A69EF917CB4510B270B8D86D">Sağiroğlu, Mehmet</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3507AA38D711876FE33ED531EF8EEC12" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8654-3361</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="875F331E6AE355DDB0D06E3CF6E5F083">Department of Biology, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey &amp; msagiroglu @ sakarya. edu. tr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8654 - 3361</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2CC5394B1EDD86969392D51203991F22" type="email">msagiroglu@sakarya.edu.tr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9CA5832057A83D6E220C685D0FD9BAB2">Tekşen, Mehtap</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D7DBCE18EA60F1BE1991A14A7BEAE914" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0191-4229</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B2F9C9D68580DC8DFFF6C5A4F0E8B1F2">Department of Biology, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey &amp; mteksen 2431 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0191 - 4229</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="50C9C9C5B3D0B10844821BD36E352606" type="email">mteksen2431@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="6C66F73328AD8D25F87760F4A1703FC2">Duman, Hayri</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DC721B5F9D3CF08B2028024DCD340C12" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6387-8652</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BBEF6A617D897D050497CCAE8B41E6DE">Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey &amp; hayriduman 1960 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6387 - 8652</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="50C58EAE5D2E6B4F0734634C4625EF5F" type="email">hayriduman1960@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F0B095DC1039A27EF009234FFA472E54">Karaman, Seher</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="424031721DD8DEF24CD7DAC193028D7F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1239-8266</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="447861F9930D6E8212798EC946CDEEAB">Department of Biology, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey &amp; seherkaraman @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1239 - 8266</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="48FC6B8AE5EB8DF7FD5A2A6233DB53CE" type="email">seherkaraman@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0D776C2A2B843A387E9A7D069F5D1C9C">Çakir, Ece Gökçe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="451703D1D426F4EF14D2D968C22396EF" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9402-4091</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="43CF6D8F1DC15BB75706AA8809A36BCC">Department of Biology, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Turkey &amp; ecegokce. cakir @ dpu. edu. tr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9402 - 4091</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4A1589F69AA8B3C3CA606085346181C4" type="email">ecegokce.cakir@dpu.edu.tr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="3F2612BC9BCC6A18D323C30C7E85F835">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7037154" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199861582" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7037154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9D7D1EFF45672C0C5D6160" box="[136,1077,316,343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9D7D1EFF45672C0C5D6160" blockId="2.[136,1077,316,343]" box="[136,1077,316,343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<heading id="1A2D335BFF9D7D1EFF45672C0C5D6160" box="[136,1077,316,343]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFF45672C0AAC6160" authority="H. Duman, Sagiroglu, Teksen" authorityName="H. Duman, Sagiroglu, Teksen" box="[136,708,316,343]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF45672C09106161" bold="true" box="[136,376,316,343]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
H.Duman, Sağıroğlu, Tekşen
</taxonomicName>
&amp; 
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF9D7D1EFD25672D0B276161" box="[744,847,317,343]" country="Turkey" name="Karaman" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Karaman</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFC9B672C0BC46160" bold="true" box="[854,940,316,342]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="689DE55EFF9D7D1EFC9B672C0BC46160" box="[854,940,316,342]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D9E198B2FF9D7D1EFC71672C0C406160" box="[956,1064,316,342]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1234,1256]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,229,1795,1817]" captionStartId-2="6.[136,229,1022,1044]" captionTargetBox-0="[340,1247,652,1206]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1428,213,1755]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetId-0="figure-195@2.[340,1247,652,1206]" captionTargetId-1="figure-31@4.[151,1436,190,1770]" captionTargetId-2="figure-70@6.[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Gladiolus alanyensis. A: inflorescence and flower, B: fruit (photographs by H. Duman)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Gladiolus alanyensis. A: habit, B–C: flower, D: style and stigmata, E: stamen, F: capsule, G: seed (illustrated by F. Şen 89; Collection no: İ. Eker 12727 &amp; M. Sağıroğlu)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Seed micromorphology of investigated Gladiolus species by LM and SEM. a−c: G. alanyensis (Coll. no: HD 10460); d−f: G. anatolicus (Coll. no: GY AEF20000); g–i: G. humilis (Coll. no: MK AEF17651); a, d, g: general view in LM; b, c, e, f, h, i: testa epidermal cells)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021567" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021569" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021571" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7021567/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7021569/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7021571/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
).
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9D7D1EFF4567740A0061AB" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9D7D1EFF4567740A0061AB" blockId="2.[136,1451,356,630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF45677408AA614F" bold="true" box="[136,194,356,377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Type:</emphasis>
― 
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9D7D1EFF166774090C61AB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420310" collectingDate="2017-05-19" collectionCode="GAZI" collectorName="H. Duman" country="Turkey" elevation="1311" location="Elmalisu" municipality="Alanya" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antalya" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF9D7D1EFF1667740954614F" box="[219,316,356,377]" name="Turkey" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF9D7D1EFE8A677409FF614C" box="[327,407,356,378]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Antalya</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="A1011E4DFF9D7D1EFE6F67740982614C" box="[418,490,356,378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Alanya</collectingMunicipality>
, Alanya-TaŞkent, 
<location id="4405D2ECFF9D7D1EFD6D67740A90614C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9D7D1EFD6D67740A90614C" box="[672,760,356,378]" country="Turkey" municipality="Alanya" name="Elmalisu" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" stateProvince="Antalya">Elmalısu</location>
, dry stream bed, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFC6667740B9F614F" box="[939,1015,356,377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.311" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1311.0">
<elevation id="CAF76304FF9D7D1EFC6667740B9F614F" box="[939,1015,356,377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.311" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1311.0">1311 m</elevation>
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elevation, 
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<collectingDate id="25205B1FFF9D7D1EFBAA67740C99614F" box="[1127,1265,356,377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" value="2017-05-19">19 May 2017</collectingDate>
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, 
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<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFB3367740D7A614F" box="[1278,1298,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFADE67740D0E614F" box="[1299,1382,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">. Duman</emphasis>
</collectorName>
10460 (
<typeStatus id="9E613A95FF9D7D1EFF096798097261A8" box="[196,282,392,414]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9D7D1EFED26798090861AB" box="[287,352,392,413]" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" name="Gazi Üniversitesi" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">GAZI</collectionCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9D7D1EFEA067980A0C61AB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420301" box="[365,612,392,414]" collectingDate="2017-05-19" collectionCode="SAKU, GAZI" collectorName="H. Duman" country="Turkey" elevation="1311" location="Elmalisu" municipality="Alanya" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antalya" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="9E613A95FF9D7D1EFEA0679809D461A8" box="[365,444,392,414]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9D7D1EFE0F67980A6361AB" box="[450,523,392,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">SAKU</collectionCode>
!; 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9D7D1EFDD567980A3261AB" box="[536,602,392,413]" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" name="Gazi Üniversitesi" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Herbarium">GAZI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9D7D1EFF4567BB0DFF6240" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9D7D1EFF4567BB0DFF6240" blockId="2.[136,1451,356,630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF4567BB089B61F7" bold="true" box="[136,243,427,449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
― 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFEC667BC09BB61F7" box="[267,467,428,449]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFEC667BC09BB61F7" box="[267,467,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFDF167BC0AD461F7" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[572,700,428,449]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFDF167BC0AD461F7" box="[572,700,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by leaves, flower, and seed characteristics. It mainly differs from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFAE667BC0DC361F7" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1323,1451,428,449]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFAE667BC0DC361F7" box="[1323,1451,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having corm tunics membranous with parallel fibres (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFD3967C00B5961D3" box="[756,817,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
papery with anastomosing fibres); leaves 3, near the cataphylls (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF0867E4096A623F" box="[197,258,500,521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
3–4, the lower one close to the cataphylls); perigone magenta-pink (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFC5C67E40BA6623F" box="[913,974,500,521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
mauve-purple), with tube straight (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFAEC67E40D36623F" box="[1313,1374,500,521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
slightly curved), claw of longer upper perigone segments 
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long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFCE564080B0D621B" box="[808,869,536,557]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFCA164080BD7621B" box="[876,959,536,558]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.0">0–5 mm</quantity>
), claw of shorter lower perigone segments 
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long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF3B642C095B6267" box="[246,307,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFEF4642C09F06267" box="[313,408,572,594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="8.0">8–15 mm</quantity>
); stigma branches longer, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFD5F642C0A896267" box="[658,737,572,593]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFCED642C0B356267" box="[800,861,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
1–2.5); capsule shorter, 8–10 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFB5F642C0C896267" box="[1170,1249,572,594]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFB22642C0D446267" box="[1263,1324,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
13–18 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFA4A642C096C6243" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10– 12 mm</quantity>
), obovoid (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFEBC647009C66243" box="[369,430,608,629]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
ellipsoid to oblong); seed ovoid-tetraquetrous (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFCB564700BDD6243" box="[888,949,608,629]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
elipsoid-triquetrous), brown (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFB1A64700D7C6243" box="[1239,1300,608,629]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">versus</emphasis>
dark brown).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="15A5D4BFFF9D7D1EFF4562C20C3864DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7021567" box="[136,1104,1234,1257]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021567/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" startId="2.[136,229,1234,1256]" targetBox="[340,1247,652,1206]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9D7D1EFF4562C20C3864DE" blockId="2.[136,1104,1234,1257]" box="[136,1104,1234,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF4562C2089F64D1" bold="true" box="[136,247,1234,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFECE62C309A564DE" box="[259,461,1235,1256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFECE62C309A564DE" box="[259,461,1235,1256]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A: inflorescence and flower, B: fruit (photographs by H. Duman).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9D7D1EFF4563070A996733" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="description">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9D7D1EFF4563070A996733" blockId="2.[136,1452,1303,2085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
Perennial, glabrous herb. Corm symmetrical, ovoid, 10–15 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFC8F63070BDA6507" box="[834,946,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7–12 mm</quantity>
; tunics membranous, 2–3–layered, brownish with parallel fibres. Stem 12–25(–30) cm long, erect, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFD27632B0B216563" box="[746,841,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
diameter at ground level. Cataphylls 1–2, pale purple membranous, obtuse. Lower two leaves near the upper cataphylls. Leaves 3, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFC3E634F0C3E654F" box="[1011,1110,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="cm" value="13.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="9.0">9–17 cm</quantity>
× 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFBBB634F0CBF654F" box="[1142,1239,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
, linear, acuminate, venation irregularly spaced, 4–6 nerved, not glaucous, leaves reach the spike. Bracts lanceolate, valves unequal, papery, membranous at margin, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFE5B63B70A6F65F7" box="[406,519,1447,1474]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
wide; outer bracts 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFD1663B70B3F65F7" box="[731,855,1447,1474]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="cm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.7 cm</quantity>
long, inners 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFC2A63B70C2765F7" box="[999,1103,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="cm" value="1.45" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.9">0.9–2 cm</quantity>
long, acuminate. Inflorescence 1–3(–5) flowered, lax, spike distichous in flower and fruit, usually erect, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFC0463DB0C7565D3" box="[969,1053,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 cm</quantity>
long. Perigone magenta pink; tube straight, posterior side 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFE4863FF0995663F" box="[389,509,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12–14 mm</quantity>
long, anterior side 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFD1C63FF0B21663F" box="[721,841,1519,1546]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 mm</quantity>
long; upper segments, obtuse, with claw 
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long; upper median segment limb (UMS) 22–24 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFDB160030A8F661B" box="[636,743,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 mm</quantity>
, broadly sphatulate; upper lateral segment (ULS) 19–21 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFABE600308DE6667" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
, sphatulate; lower segments, sphatulate, obtuse, with claw 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFC9660270BD26667" box="[859,954,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
long; lower median segment (LMS) 22–31 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFF6C604B096C6643" box="[161,260,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4–8 mm</quantity>
; lower lateral segment 18–20 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFDB7604B0AB46643" box="[634,732,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 mm</quantity>
. Filaments 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFCAC604B0BB46643" box="[865,988,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="14.0">14–17 mm</quantity>
length, adnate to perigon tube, filiform, widened at the base; anthers 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFE04606F0A5366AF" box="[457,571,1663,1690]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="8.75" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="8.0">8–9.5 mm</quantity>
long, shorter than filaments, pale yellow, basifixed, included. Ovary 3-locular; style 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFF0960B30956668B" box="[196,318,1699,1726]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="30.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="25.0">25–36 mm</quantity>
long, filiform, pale pink, included; stigma with 3 equal sphatulate branches, pale pink, branches 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFA4C60B308DC66D7" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long. Capsule 3-loculicidal, obovoid, 8–10 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFD7260D70B7766D7" box="[703,799,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
, 12–17-seeded. Seeds 1.47–3.01 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFB6260D70D3E66D7" box="[1199,1366,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.025" metricValueMax="2.85" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="2.025" valueMax="2.85" valueMin="1.2">1.20–2.85 mm</quantity>
, ovoidtetraquetrous, unwinged, brown (
<figureCitation id="D9E198B2FF9D7D1EFE3160FB0A0F6733" box="[508,615,1771,1797]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1234,1256]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,229,1795,1817]" captionStartId-2="6.[136,229,1022,1044]" captionTargetBox-0="[340,1247,652,1206]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1428,213,1755]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetId-0="figure-195@2.[340,1247,652,1206]" captionTargetId-1="figure-31@4.[151,1436,190,1770]" captionTargetId-2="figure-70@6.[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Gladiolus alanyensis. A: inflorescence and flower, B: fruit (photographs by H. Duman)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Gladiolus alanyensis. A: habit, B–C: flower, D: style and stigmata, E: stamen, F: capsule, G: seed (illustrated by F. Şen 89; Collection no: İ. Eker 12727 &amp; M. Sağıroğlu)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Seed micromorphology of investigated Gladiolus species by LM and SEM. a−c: G. alanyensis (Coll. no: HD 10460); d−f: G. anatolicus (Coll. no: GY AEF20000); g–i: G. humilis (Coll. no: MK AEF17651); a, d, g: general view in LM; b, c, e, f, h, i: testa epidermal cells)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021567" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021569" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021571" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7021567/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7021569/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7021571/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="0C58B18CFF9D7D1EFDBF60FB0A8C6733" box="[626,740,1771,1797]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[136,224,340,364]" captionStartId-1="5.[136,224,159,183]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Comparison of the diagnostic characteristics among G. alanyensis, G. anatolicus, G. humilis, and G. triphyllus." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Comparison of seed characteristics of Gladiolus alanyensis, G. anatolicus, and G. humilis." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" tableUuid-0="15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" tableUuid-1="15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081">Table 1–2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9D7D1EFF70611F0DC867EB" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9D7D1EFF70611F0DC867EB" blockId="2.[136,1452,1303,2085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF70611F0A30671F" bold="true" box="[189,600,1807,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Distribution, habitat, and ecology:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFD94611F0B35671F" box="[601,861,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
— 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFDBB611F0B35671F" box="[630,861,1807,1833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">Gladiolus alanyensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is a species endemic to Alanya, 
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF9D7D1EFB06611F0DE7671F" box="[1227,1423,1807,1833]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Antalya Province</collectingRegion>
in southern 
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF9D7D1EFF2261230927677B" box="[239,335,1843,1869]" name="Turkey" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="D9E198B2FF9D7D1EFEAC612309CF677B" box="[353,423,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1129,1151]" captionTargetBox="[353,1234,693,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-263@7.[340,1247,677,1105]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Gladiolus alanyensis (red circles), G. anatolicus (blue triangles), and G. humilis (yellow square) in Turkey (modified from Tekşen et al. 2021)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021573/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). It grows along the limestone dry stream beds in 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFC2861240C80677B" authority="J. F. Arnold" authorityName="J. F. Arnold" box="[997,1256,1843,1869]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFC2861240C02677B" box="[997,1130,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Pinus nigra</emphasis>
J.F.Arnold
</taxonomicName>
forest opennings and calcareous areas under maquis groves between 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFD0A61470B096747" box="[711,865,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" metricValueMax="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1210.0" valueMax="1320.0" valueMin="1100.0">1100–1320 m</quantity>
elevation. It occurs with 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFBB66147096067A3" authority="Parolly &amp; N. Kilian" authorityName="Parolly &amp; N. Kilian" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scorzonera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulrichii">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFBB661470D3B6747" box="[1147,1363,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Scorzonera ulrichii</emphasis>
Parolly &amp; N.Kilian
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFEDF616B0BF167A3" authority="(Labill.) Manden. &amp; Scheng." authorityName="Manden. &amp; Scheng." baseAuthorityName="Labill." box="[274,921,1915,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Cyclotrichium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="origanifolium">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFEDF616B0A3A67A3" box="[274,594,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Cyclotrichium origanifolium</emphasis>
(Labill.) Manden. &amp; Scheng.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFC6B616B0CD167A3" authority="Boiss." authorityName="Boiss." box="[934,1209,1915,1941]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Fritillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elwesii">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFC6B616B0C0367A3" box="[934,1131,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Fritillaria elwesii</emphasis>
Boiss.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFB0E616C089A678F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFB0E616C0DC467A3" authority=", Festuca" authorityName="Festuca" box="[1219,1452,1916,1941]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">Pinus nigra, Festuca</taxonomicName>
valesiaca
</emphasis>
Schleich. ex Gaudin, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFE26618F0BB7678F" authority="Aytac &amp; Anderb." authorityName="Aytac &amp; Anderb." box="[491,991,1951,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chrysophthalmum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gueneri">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFE26618F0B7F678F" box="[491,791,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Chrysophthalmum gueneri</emphasis>
Aytac &amp; Anderb.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFC27618F0D21678F" authority="P. H. Davis" authorityName="P. H. Davis" box="[1002,1353,1951,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Origanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saccatum">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFC27618F0CA7678F" box="[1002,1231,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Origanum saccatum</emphasis>
P.H.Davis
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFA9961B0095467EB" authority="Sm." authorityName="Sm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bunium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferulaceum">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFA9961B0096E67EB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Bunium ferulaceum</emphasis>
Sm.
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFEBA61D30A7167EB" box="[375,537,1987,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFEBA61D3099A67EB" box="[375,498,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Verbascum</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
pl. Its flowering period is late May to July, and fruiting period is July to August.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9D7D1FFF7061F70CB76112" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9D7D1FFF7061F70CB76112" blockId="2.[136,1452,1303,2085]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,293]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFF7061F70A3D6837" bold="true" box="[189,597,2023,2049]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Species conservation assessment:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9D7D1EFDBD61F70B0B6837" box="[624,867,2023,2049]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9D7D1EFDBD61F70B0B6837" box="[624,867,2023,2049]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from two localities with an extent of occurrence (EOO) estimated to be less than 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1EFD4F6E1B0AB16813" box="[642,729,2059,2085]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
<superScript id="B6AF297FFF9D7D1EFD146E1B0A89682F" attach="left" box="[729,737,2059,2073]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">2</superScript>
and an area of occupancy (AOO) estimated to be less than 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9D7D1FFA426E1B08C4608E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="148" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
<superScript id="B6AF297FFF9C7D1FFF61668E08DC609A" attach="left" box="[172,180,158,172]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">2</superScript>
. The population size of the species was noted as less than 100 mature individuals. We have noticed some threats to its existence such as broading road works, fire and habitat degradation. Due to continuing decline projected in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, extent and quality of habitat, and number of mature individuals, it should be classifed as Critically Endangered (CR) based on criteria B1ab (i,ii,v) + B2ab (i,ii,v) (
<bibRefCitation id="254BF9C6FF9C7D1FFB85671A0CBB6112" author="IUCN" box="[1096,1235,266,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" refId="ref8438" refString="IUCN (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 24 April 2022)." type="book" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" ID-Table-UUID="15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" box="[136,1445,340,364]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" startId="3.[136,224,340,364]" targetBox="[144,1432,384,2051]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" blockId="3.[136,1445,340,364]" box="[136,1445,340,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9C7D1FFF4567440893615A" bold="true" box="[136,251,340,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Comparison of the diagnostic characteristics among 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9C7D1FFCFF67440BAB615A" box="[818,963,340,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9C7D1FFCFF67440BAB615A" box="[818,963,340,364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9C7D1FFC1D67440C8B615A" box="[976,1251,340,364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9C7D1FFC1D67440C0B615A" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[976,1123,340,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">G. anatolicus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9C7D1FFBA067440CB7615A" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1133,1247,340,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">G. humilis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9C7D1FFADA67440DC9615A" authorityName="Ker Gawler" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1806" box="[1303,1441,340,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">G. triphyllus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="41658437FF9C7D1FFF5D67910C826835" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<table id="33DA7697FF9C82E3FF5D67900DF06835" box="[144,1432,384,2051]" gridcols="5" gridrows="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D67900DF061A1" box="[144,1432,384,407]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D679009C161A1" box="[144,425,384,407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Characteristics</th>
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A67900AE261A1" box="[439,650,384,407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9C7D1FFE7A67910A5561A0" box="[439,573,384,406]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9C7D1FFE7A67910A5561A0" bold="true" box="[439,573,384,406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B67900BC861A1" box="[694,928,384,407]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9C7D1FFD7B67910B5361A0" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[694,827,384,406]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9C7D1FFD7B67910B5361A0" bold="true" box="[694,827,384,406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F67900CF461A1" box="[946,1180,384,407]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9C7D1FFC7F67910C7361A0" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[946,1051,384,406]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9C7D1FFC7F67910C7361A0" bold="true" box="[946,1051,384,406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6067900DF061A1" box="[1197,1432,384,407]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9C7D1FFB6067910D4161A0" bold="true" box="[1197,1321,384,406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D67A10DF061DD" box="[144,1432,433,491]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D67A109C161DD" box="[144,425,433,491]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Corm tunics</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A67A10AE261DD" box="[439,650,433,491]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">membranous, parallel fibrous</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B67A10BC861DD" box="[694,928,433,491]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">papery with anastomosing fibres</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F67A10CF461DD" box="[946,1180,433,491]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">coriaceous, subparallel fibrous</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6067A10DF061DD" box="[1197,1432,433,491]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">coarsely reticulate- fibrous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D64170DF06277" box="[144,1432,519,577]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D641709C16277" box="[144,425,519,577]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Leaves number and location</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A64170AE26277" box="[439,650,519,577]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3, near the cataphylls</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B64170BC86277" box="[694,928,519,577]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3–4, the lower one close to the cataphylls</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F64170CF46277" box="[946,1180,519,577]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3, near the cataphylls</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6064170DF06277" box="[1197,1432,519,577]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3–4, the lower two close to the cataphylls</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D644D0DF062A1" box="[144,1432,605,663]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D644D09C162A1" box="[144,425,605,663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Leaf venation and colour</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A644D0AE262A1" box="[439,650,605,663]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">distinctly 4–6-nerved, green</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B644D0BC862A1" box="[694,928,605,663]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">distinctly 3-nerved, green</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F644D0CF462A1" box="[946,1180,605,663]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">distinctly 3-4 nerved, green</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB60644D0DF062A1" box="[1197,1432,605,663]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">distinctly 3–4-nerved, grey-green or dull green</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D64A30DF062DB" box="[144,1432,691,749]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D64A309C162DB" box="[144,425,691,749]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Inflorescence, number of flowers</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A64A30AE262DB" box="[439,650,691,749]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">1–3(–5)</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B64A30BC862DB" box="[694,928,691,749]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3–4(–5)</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F64A30CF462DB" box="[946,1180,691,749]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3–5</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6064A30DF062DB" box="[1197,1432,691,749]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">1–7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D65190DF06375" box="[144,1432,777,835]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D651909C16375" box="[144,425,777,835]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Spike arrangement</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A65190AE26375" box="[439,650,777,835]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">lax, distichous</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B65190BC86375" box="[694,928,777,835]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">lax, not markedly secund, distichous</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F65190CF46375" box="[946,1180,777,835]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">lax, distichous</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6065190DF06375" box="[1197,1432,777,835]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">secund</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D654F0DF063AF" box="[144,1432,863,921]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D654F09C163AF" box="[144,425,863,921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Perigone colour</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A654F0AE263AF" box="[439,650,863,921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">magenta-pink</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B654F0BC863AF" box="[694,928,863,921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">mauve-purple</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F654F0CF463AF" box="[946,1180,863,921]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">purple or lower segments paler coloured</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB60654F0DF063AF" box="[1197,1432,863,921]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">pale or dark rose pink</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D65A50DF063D9" box="[144,1432,949,1007]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D65A509C163D9" box="[144,425,949,1007]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Perigone tube</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A65A50AE263D9" box="[439,650,949,1007]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">straight</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B65A50BC863D9" box="[694,928,949,1007]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">slightly curved</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F65A50CF463D9" box="[946,1180,949,1007]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">narrowly and distinctly curved</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6065A50DF063D9" box="[1197,1432,949,1007]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">narrowly infundibular</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D621B0DF06472" box="[144,1432,1035,1092]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D621B09C16472" box="[144,425,1035,1092]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Posterior length of tube (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A621B0AE26472" box="[439,650,1035,1092]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">12–14</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B621B0BC86472" box="[694,928,1035,1092]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">8–12</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F621B0CF46472" box="[946,1180,1035,1092]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">10–12</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB60621B0DF06472" box="[1197,1432,1035,1092]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D62700DF06440" box="[144,1432,1120,1142]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D627009C16440" box="[144,425,1120,1142]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Anterior length of tube (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A62700AE26440" box="[439,650,1120,1142]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">15–18</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B62700BC86440" box="[694,928,1120,1142]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">11–20</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F62700CF46440" box="[946,1180,1120,1142]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">13–15</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6062700DF06440" box="[1197,1432,1120,1142]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D62830DF064C6" box="[144,1432,1171,1264]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D628309C164C6" box="[144,425,1171,1264]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Upper perigone segments claw length (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A62830AE264C6" box="[439,650,1171,1264]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">5–7</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B62830BC864C6" box="[694,928,1171,1264]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">0–5</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F62830CF464C6" box="[946,1180,1171,1264]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">0–2</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6062830DF064C6" box="[1197,1432,1171,1264]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">0–2 distinctly or indistinctly clawed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D631C0DF06573" box="[144,1432,1292,1349]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D631C09C16573" box="[144,425,1292,1349]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">UMS limb length × width (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A631C0AE26573" box="[439,650,1292,1349]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">22–24 × 9–11</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B631C0BC86573" box="[694,928,1292,1349]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">16–28 × 9–12</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F631C0CF46573" box="[946,1180,1292,1349]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">23–37 × 7.5–14</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB60631C0DF06573" box="[1197,1432,1292,1349]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D63720DF065AD" box="[144,1432,1378,1435]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D637209C165AD" box="[144,425,1378,1435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">ULS limb length × width (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A63720AE265AD" box="[439,650,1378,1435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">19–21 × 8–10</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B63720BC865AD" box="[694,928,1378,1435]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">12–24 × 8–12</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F63720CF465AD" box="[946,1180,1378,1435]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">20–30 × 5–9</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6063720DF065AD" box="[1197,1432,1378,1435]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D63A80DF065C4" box="[144,1432,1464,1522]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D63A809C165C4" box="[144,425,1464,1522]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Lower perigone segments claw length (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A63A80AE265C4" box="[439,650,1464,1522]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">6–8</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B63A80BC865C4" box="[694,928,1464,1522]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">8–15</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F63A80CF465C4" box="[946,1180,1464,1522]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3–7</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6063A80DF065C4" box="[1197,1432,1464,1522]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D601E0DF06671" box="[144,1432,1550,1607]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D601E09C16671" box="[144,425,1550,1607]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">LMS limb length × width (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A601E0AE26671" box="[439,650,1550,1607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">22–31 × 4–8</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B601E0BC86671" box="[694,928,1550,1607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">12–21 × 4–11</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F601E0CF46671" box="[946,1180,1550,1607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">16–27 × 5–7</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB60601E0DF06671" box="[1197,1432,1550,1607]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D60740DF066AB" box="[144,1432,1636,1693]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D607409C166AB" box="[144,425,1636,1693]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">LLS limb length × width (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A60740AE266AB" box="[439,650,1636,1693]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">18–20 × 4–7</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B60740BC866AB" box="[694,928,1636,1693]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">13–24 × 2–10</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F60740CF466AB" box="[946,1180,1636,1693]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">21–30 × 4–7</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6060740DF066AB" box="[1197,1432,1636,1693]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D60AA0DF066E6" box="[144,1432,1722,1744]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D60AA09C166E6" box="[144,425,1722,1744]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Filament length (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A60AA0AE266E6" box="[439,650,1722,1744]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">14–17</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B60AA0BC866E6" box="[694,928,1722,1744]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">10–20</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F60AA0CF466E6" box="[946,1180,1722,1744]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">9–13</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6060AA0DF066E6" box="[1197,1432,1722,1744]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">10–15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D60FC0DF06734" box="[144,1432,1772,1794]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D60FC09C16734" box="[144,425,1772,1794]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Anther length (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A60FC0AE26734" box="[439,650,1772,1794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">8–9.5</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B60FC0BC86734" box="[694,928,1772,1794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">8–11</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F60FC0CF46734" box="[946,1180,1772,1794]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">8–12</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6060FC0DF06734" box="[1197,1432,1772,1794]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">6–8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D610E0DF06761" box="[144,1432,1822,1879]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D610E09C16761" box="[144,425,1822,1879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Stigma branches length (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A610E0AE26761" box="[439,650,1822,1879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">2–3</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B610E0BC86761" box="[694,928,1822,1879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">1–2.5</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F610E0CF46761" box="[946,1180,1822,1879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">3–4</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB60610E0DF06761" box="[1197,1432,1822,1879]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">2–2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D61640DF0679B" box="[144,1432,1908,1965]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D616409C1679B" box="[144,425,1908,1965]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Capsule size (mm) and shape</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A61640AE2679B" box="[439,650,1908,1965]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">8–10 × 5–7, obovoid</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B61640BC8679B" box="[694,928,1908,1965]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">13–18 × 10–12, ellipsoid to oblong</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F61640CF4679B" box="[946,1180,1908,1965]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">6–7 × 3–4, ellipsoid</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6061640DF0679B" box="[1197,1432,1908,1965]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">10 × 8, oblong-obovoid</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9C82E3FF5D61D90DF06835" box="[144,1432,1993,2051]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FF5D61D909C16835" box="[144,425,1993,2051]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Seed shape and colour</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FE7A61D90AE26835" box="[439,650,1993,2051]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">ovoid-tetraquetrous, brown</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FD7B61D90BC86835" box="[694,928,1993,2051]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">ellipsoid-triquetrous, dark brown</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FC7F61D90CF46835" box="[946,1180,1993,2051]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">ovoid-triquetrous, reddish-brown</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9C82E3FB6061D90DF06835" box="[1197,1432,1993,2051]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">subglobose, pale to dark brown</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="15A5D4BFFF9B7D18FF4561130A2C670A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7021569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021569/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" startId="4.[136,229,1795,1817]" targetBox="[158,1428,213,1755]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9B7D18FF4561130A2C670A" blockId="4.[136,1451,1795,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FF4561130896672E" bold="true" box="[136,254,1795,1817]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9B7D18FEC9611309A7672E" box="[260,463,1795,1816]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FEC9611309A7672E" box="[260,463,1795,1816]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A: habit, B–C: flower, D: style and stigmata, E: stamen, F: capsule, G: seed (illustrated by F. Şen 89; Collection no: 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FEDA61370A5F670A" box="[279,567,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">İ. Eker 12727 &amp; M. Sağıroğlu</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9B7D18FF70617B0961679F" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9B7D18FF70617B0961679F" blockId="4.[136,1451,1899,2069]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FF70617B092067B3" bold="true" box="[189,328,1899,1925]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Etymology:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FE85617C090967B3" box="[328,353,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">—</emphasis>
The specific epithet (
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9B7D18FD82617B0AAD67B3" box="[591,709,1899,1925]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FD82617B0AAD67B3" box="[591,709,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, – 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FD2F617C0A8667B3" box="[738,750,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">e</emphasis>
) of the new species is derived from Alanya, where it was first discovered.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9B7D18FF7061A308B26823" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9B7D18FF7061A308B26823" blockId="4.[136,1451,1899,2069]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FF7061A30AD367FB" bold="true" box="[189,699,1971,1997]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Common Turkish name of the new species</emphasis>
:― 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9B7D18FD2D61A30BC067FB" box="[736,936,1971,1997]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FD2D61A30B2667FB" box="[736,846,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Gladiolus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are called “Kılıçotu” in Turkish. The authors propose “Alanyakılıçotu” as a vernacular name for 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9B7D18FD2F61C80B1567C7" box="[738,893,2007,2034]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FD2F61C80B1567C7" box="[738,893,2007,2034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, according to the guidelines of 
<bibRefCitation id="254BF9C6FF9B7D18FB3861C808BE6823" author="Menemen, Y. &amp; Aytac, Z. &amp; Kandemir, A." pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref8781" refString="Menemen, Y., Aytac, Z. &amp; Kandemir, A. (2016) Turkce bilimsel bitki adlari yonergesi (Directive of Turkish scientific plant names). Bagbahce Bilim Dergisi 3: 1 - 3 (in Turkish)." type="journal article" year="2016">
Menemen 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9B7D18FABD61C80DCD67C7" box="[1392,1445,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">et al</emphasis>
. (2016)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081" ID-Table-UUID="15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081" box="[136,1224,159,183]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" startId="5.[136,224,159,183]" targetBox="[144,1405,207,1148]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081" blockId="5.[136,1224,159,183]" box="[136,1224,159,183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF45668F08936081" bold="true" box="[136,251,159,183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Comparison of seed characteristics of 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FD57668F0C766081" box="[666,1054,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FD57668F0B156081" box="[666,893,159,183]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">Gladiolus alanyensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FC4566B00C726081" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[904,1050,159,183]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">G. anatolicus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FB9F66B00CA96081" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1106,1217,159,183]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FB9F66B00CA96081" box="[1106,1217,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="41658437FF9A7D19FF5D66C00CD2644D" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<table id="33DA7697FF9A82E3FF5D66DF0D15644A" box="[144,1405,207,1148]" gridcols="4" gridrows="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D66DF0D1560D0" box="[144,1405,207,230]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D66DF09FF60D0" box="[144,407,207,230]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF5D66C0093360D0" bold="true" box="[144,347,208,230]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Seed characteristics</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1866DF0B6760D0" box="[469,783,207,230]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FE1866DF0A3260D3" box="[469,602,207,229]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FE1866DF0A3260D3" bold="true" box="[469,602,207,229]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE966DF0C5560D0" box="[804,1085,207,230]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FCE966DF0BC160D3" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[804,937,207,229]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FCE966DF0BC160D3" bold="true" box="[804,937,207,229]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA666DF0D1560D0" box="[1131,1405,207,230]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FBA666DF0CBC60D3" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1131,1236,207,229]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FBA666DF0CBC60D3" bold="true" box="[1131,1236,207,229]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D67160D15612A" box="[144,1405,262,284]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D671609FF612A" box="[144,407,262,284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L (length) (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1867160B67612A" box="[469,783,262,284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.47–3.01</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE967160C55612A" box="[804,1085,262,284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">2.02–3.19</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA667160D15612A" box="[1131,1405,262,284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.89–3.27</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D672C0D156165" box="[144,1405,316,339]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D672C09FF6165" box="[144,407,316,339]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">W (width) (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE18672C0B676165" box="[469,783,316,339]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.20–2.85</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE9672C0C556165" box="[804,1085,316,339]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.33–2.82</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA6672C0D156165" box="[1131,1405,316,339]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.22–1.94</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D67630D1561BF" box="[144,1405,371,393]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D676309FF61BF" box="[144,407,371,393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">T (thickness) (mm)</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1867630B6761BF" box="[469,783,371,393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">0.66–2.40</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE967630C5561BF" box="[804,1085,371,393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">0.92–2.03</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA667630D1561BF" box="[1131,1405,371,393]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">0.26–0.35</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D67B90D156189" box="[144,1405,425,447]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D67B909FF6189" box="[144,407,425,447]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L/W ratio</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1867B90B676189" box="[469,783,425,447]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.52</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE967B90C556189" box="[804,1085,425,447]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.49</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA667B90D156189" box="[1131,1405,425,447]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">1.44</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D67F00D1561C0" box="[144,1405,480,502]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D67F009FF61C0" box="[144,407,480,502]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Shape</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1867F00B6761C0" box="[469,783,480,502]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">ovoid-tetraquetrous</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE967F00C5561C0" box="[804,1085,480,502]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">ellipsoid-triquetrous</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA667F00D1561C0" box="[1131,1405,480,502]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">ovoid-triquetrous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D64060D15621A" box="[144,1405,534,556]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D640609FF621A" box="[144,407,534,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Colour</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1864060B67621A" box="[469,783,534,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">brown</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE964060C55621A" box="[804,1085,534,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">dark brown</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA664060D15621A" box="[1131,1405,534,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">pale to dark brown</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D645D0D156255" box="[144,1405,589,611]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D645D09FF6255" box="[144,407,589,611]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Ornamentation</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE18645D0B676255" box="[469,783,589,611]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">reticulate-cellulate</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE9645D0C556255" box="[804,1085,589,611]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">rugose-reticulate</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA6645D0D156255" box="[1131,1405,589,611]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">reticulate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D64930D1562AF" box="[144,1405,643,665]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D649309FF62AF" box="[144,407,643,665]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">The type of cuticle</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1864930B6762AF" box="[469,783,643,665]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">rugose, well developed</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE964930C5562AF" box="[804,1085,643,665]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">rugose, well developed</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA664930D1562AF" box="[1131,1405,643,665]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">rugose, well developed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D64AE0D1562CE" box="[144,1405,702,760]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D64AE09FF62CE" box="[144,407,702,760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Epicuticular wax</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1864AE0B6762CE" box="[469,783,702,760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">smooth or rarely with messy and minutely tiny platelets</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE964AE0C5562CE" box="[804,1085,702,760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">smooth or rarely with messy and tiny platelets</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA664AE0D1562CE" box="[1131,1405,702,760]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">smooth or rarely with messy and tiny platelets</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D65340D1563B4" box="[144,1405,804,898]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D653409FF63B4" box="[144,407,804,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Testa epidermal cells shape</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1865340B6763B4" box="[469,783,804,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">polygonal, more or less isodiametric, angular</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE965340C5563B4" box="[804,1085,804,898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">polygonal, more or less isodiametric, orbicular to oblong, angular</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA665340D1563B4" box="[1131,1405,804,898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">polygonal, more or less isodiametric</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D65B80D156388" box="[144,1405,936,958]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D65B809FF6388" box="[144,407,936,958]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Cell arrangement</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1865B80B676388" box="[469,783,936,958]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">random</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE965B80C556388" box="[804,1085,936,958]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">random</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA665B80D156388" box="[1131,1405,936,958]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">random</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D65F30D156477" box="[144,1405,995,1089]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D65F309FF6477" box="[144,407,995,1089]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Anticlinal cell walls</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1865F30B676477" box="[469,783,995,1089]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">conspicuous, regularly thickened, raised, sunken</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE965F30C556477" box="[804,1085,995,1089]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">conspicuous, uniformly thickened and rarely straight, raised</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA665F30D156477" box="[1131,1405,995,1089]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">conspicuous, uniformly thickened, raised</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFEA8675FF9A82E3FF5D62760D15644A" box="[144,1405,1126,1148]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<th id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FF5D627609FF644A" box="[144,407,1126,1148]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Periclinal cell walls</th>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FE1862760B67644A" box="[469,783,1126,1148]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">concave to slightly flat</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FCE962760C55644A" box="[804,1085,1126,1148]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">concave</td>
<td id="BC3BEF09FF9A82E3FBA662760D15644A" box="[1131,1405,1126,1148]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">concave</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9A7D19FF7062A30A42656B" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9A7D19FF7062A30A42656B" blockId="5.[136,1452,1203,2058]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FF7062A30AFF64C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420303" collectingDate="2021-06-13" collectionCode="M" country="Turkey" elevation="1311" location="Elmalisu" municipality="Alanya" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Antalya" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF7062A30A9364FB" bold="true" box="[189,763,1203,1229]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="9E613A95FF9A7D19FD9862A30AB964FB" box="[597,721,1203,1229]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):―
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF9A7D19FD3662A40B0564F8" box="[763,877,1204,1230]" name="Turkey" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF9A7D19FCB762A30BBF64FB" box="[890,983,1203,1229]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Antalya</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="A1011E4DFF9A7D19FC2862A30C5164FB" box="[997,1081,1203,1229]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Alanya</collectingMunicipality>
, Alanya-TaŞkent, 
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FADD62A30D1E64FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FADD62A30D1E64FB" box="[1296,1398,1203,1229]" country="Turkey" municipality="Alanya" name="Elmalisu" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Antalya">Elmalısu</location>
, dry stream bed, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9A7D19FEC262C7090A64C4" box="[271,354,1239,1266]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.311" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="1311.0">
<elevation id="CAF76304FF9A7D19FEC262C7090A64C4" box="[271,354,1239,1266]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.311" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="1311.0">1311 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation, 
<date id="3564A2F7FF9A7D19FE1662C70A1A64C7" box="[475,626,1239,1266]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2021-06-13">
<collectingDate id="25205B1FFF9A7D19FE1662C70A1A64C7" box="[475,626,1239,1266]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2021-06-13">13 June 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FDB162C80AFF64C7" box="[636,663,1240,1265]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FDB162C80AFF64C7" box="[636,663,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">M</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FD5A62C80AF364C7" box="[663,667,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FD6C62C70D5C64C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420302" box="[673,1332,1239,1265]" collectingDate="2021-07-01" collectionCode="SAKU, GAZI, M" country="Turkey" location="Sagiroglu" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antalya">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FD6C62C70B2464C7" box="[673,844,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FD6C62C70B6664C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FD6C62C70B6664C7" box="[673,782,1239,1265]" country="Turkey" name="Sagiroglu" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Antalya">Sağıroğlu</location>
7026
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FC9662C70BD964C7" box="[859,945,1239,1265]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">SAKU</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FC7262C70C6464C7" box="[959,1036,1239,1265]" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" name="Gazi Üniversitesi" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">GAZI</collectionCode>
!); ibidem, 
<date id="3564A2F7FF9A7D19FBB062C70D6764C7" box="[1149,1295,1239,1265]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2021-07-01">
<collectingDate id="25205B1FFF9A7D19FBB062C70D6764C7" box="[1149,1295,1239,1265]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2021-07-01">01 July 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FAD462C80D5C64C7" box="[1305,1332,1240,1265]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FAD462C80D5C64C7" box="[1305,1332,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">M</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FAF962C8091A6520" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
. 
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FAF362C708806523" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420304" collectionCode="M" country="Turkey" location="Sagiroglu" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antalya">
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FAF362C70DC364C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FAF362C70DC364C7" box="[1342,1451,1239,1265]" country="Turkey" name="Sagiroglu" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Antalya">Sağıroğlu</location>
7034, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FF0062EC08806523" box="[205,232,1276,1301]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FF3C62EB09066520" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420305" box="[241,366,1275,1302]" collectionCode="S" country="Turkey" location="Teksen" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antalya">
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FF3C62EB09546523" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FF3C62EB09546523" box="[241,316,1275,1301]" country="Turkey" name="Teksen" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Antalya">Tekşen</location>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FE9062EC09066520" box="[349,366,1276,1302]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FEBA62EC0C416523" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420309" box="[375,1065,1275,1301]" collectingDate="2021-08-22" collectionCode="SAKU, GAZI, M" country="Turkey" location="Erkul" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Karaman">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FEBA62EC0A4D6523" box="[375,549,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF9A7D19FEBA62EC09896523" box="[375,481,1276,1301]" country="Turkey" name="Karaman" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Karaman</collectingRegion>
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FE2A62EB0A4D6523" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FE2A62EB0A4D6523" box="[487,549,1275,1301]" country="Turkey" name="Erkul" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Karaman">Erkul</location>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FDFE62EB0AE16523" box="[563,649,1275,1301]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">SAKU</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FD5B62EB0A8B6523" box="[662,739,1275,1301]" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" name="Gazi Üniversitesi" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">GAZI</collectionCode>
!); ibidem, 
<date id="3564A2F7FF9A7D19FC9E62EB0C6D6523" box="[851,1029,1275,1301]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2021-08-22">
<collectingDate id="25205B1FFF9A7D19FC9E62EB0C6D6523" box="[851,1029,1275,1301]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2021-08-22">22 August 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FBC362EC0C416523" box="[1038,1065,1276,1301]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FBC362EC0C416523" box="[1038,1065,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">M</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FBE462EC0C456523" box="[1065,1069,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FBFF62EB0BCD650F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420307" collectingDate="2012-06-08" collectionCode="SAKU, GAZI, I" country="Turkey" elevation="1120" location="Alanya" municipality="Sagiroglu" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Karaman">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FBFF62EB0CB56523" box="[1074,1245,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<collectingMunicipality id="A1011E4DFF9A7D19FBFF62EB0CF76523" box="[1074,1183,1275,1301]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Sağıroğlu</collectingMunicipality>
7053
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FB2662EB0D296523" box="[1259,1345,1275,1301]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">SAKU</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FA8362EB0DF36523" box="[1358,1435,1275,1301]" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15555" name="Gazi Üniversitesi" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">GAZI</collectionCode>
!); 
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FF45630F08B4650F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FF45630F08B4650F" box="[136,220,1311,1337]" country="Turkey" municipality="Sagiroglu" name="Alanya" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Karaman">Alanya</location>
, Mahmutlar-TaŞkent, 17. km, 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9A7D19FDE3630F0AE9650C" box="[558,641,1311,1338]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="1120.0">
<elevation id="CAF76304FF9A7D19FDE3630F0AE9650C" box="[558,641,1311,1338]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="1120.0">1120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation, 
<date id="3564A2F7FF9A7D19FD36630F0BF9650F" box="[763,913,1311,1338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2012-06-08">
<collectingDate id="25205B1FFF9A7D19FD36630F0BF9650F" box="[763,913,1311,1338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2012-06-08">08 June 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FC5163300BCD650F" box="[924,933,1312,1337]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC5163300BCD650F" box="[924,933,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">I</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC6863300BC4650F" box="[933,940,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FC7F630F08BF656B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420306" collectingDate="2007-06-06" collectionCode="SAKU, AIBU, I" country="Turkey" location="Eker" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Karaman">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC7F630F0C4D650F" box="[946,1061,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FC7F630F0B8F650F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FC7F630F0B8F650F" box="[946,999,1311,1337]" country="Turkey" name="Eker" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Karaman">Eker</location>
2896
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FBF9630F0CE2650F" box="[1076,1162,1311,1337]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">SAKU</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FB5B630F0C8C650F" box="[1174,1252,1311,1337]" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12531" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12531" name="Abant Izzet Baysal Üniversitesi" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">AIBU</collectionCode>
!); ibidem, 
<date id="3564A2F7FF9A7D19FA9B630F08AB656B" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2007-06-06">
<collectingDate id="25205B1FFF9A7D19FA9B630F08AB656B" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" value="2007-06-06">06 June 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FF03635408BF656B" box="[206,215,1348,1373]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF03635408BF656B" box="[206,215,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">I</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF1A635408B6656B" box="[215,222,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F1B28E6AFF9A7D19FF2863530A4E656B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3895420308" box="[229,550,1347,1373]" collectionCode="SAKU, AIBU" country="Turkey" location="Eker" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Karaman">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF2863530931656B" box="[229,345,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<location id="4405D2ECFF9A7D19FF2863530972656B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9733521FF9D7D14FF45672C0D4A62BA:4405D2ECFF9A7D19FF2863530972656B" box="[229,282,1347,1373]" country="Turkey" name="Eker" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Karaman">Eker</location>
1890
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FEA4635309D7656B" box="[361,447,1347,1373]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">SAKU</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="27CB1CF2FF9A7D19FE0163530A72656B" box="[460,538,1347,1373]" country="Turkey" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12531" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12531" name="Abant Izzet Baysal Üniversitesi" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="Herbarium">AIBU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09C0D7BCFF9A7D14FF7063770D4A62BA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="41658437FF9A7D19FF706377089D666F" blockId="5.[136,1452,1203,2058]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF7063770B2D65B7" bold="true" box="[189,837,1383,1409]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Comparative seed micromorphology with close species:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC8863780B3665B7" box="[837,862,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">—</emphasis>
In general terms, 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FBD663770DC365B7" box="[1051,1451,1383,1410]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FBD663770D6F65B7" box="[1051,1287,1383,1409]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">Gladiolus alanyensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FADD63780DCF65B7" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1296,1447,1383,1410]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">G. anatolicus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FF71639C095D6593" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[188,309,1419,1446]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF71639C095D6593" box="[188,309,1419,1446]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are akin to each other by their rugose and well-developed cuticle 
<typeStatus id="9E613A95FF9A7D19FB82639C0CEA6590" box="[1103,1154,1420,1446]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">type</typeStatus>
, random cell arregement, polygonal, more or less isodiametric, angular testa epidermal cells shape, and concave periclinal cell walls (
<tableCitation id="0C58B18CFF9A7D19FA8363BF0DCE65FF" box="[1358,1446,1455,1481]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,159,183]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of seed characteristics of Gladiolus alanyensis, G. anatolicus, and G. humilis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" tableUuid="15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081">Table 2</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D9E198B2FF9A7D19FF4563C308A465DB" box="[136,204,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1022,1044]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetId="figure-70@6.[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Seed micromorphology of investigated Gladiolus species by LM and SEM. a−c: G. alanyensis (Coll. no: HD 10460); d−f: G. anatolicus (Coll. no: GY AEF20000); g–i: G. humilis (Coll. no: MK AEF17651); a, d, g: general view in LM; b, c, e, f, h, i: testa epidermal cells)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021571/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Seeds of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FE8663C4098C65DB" box="[331,484,1491,1518]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FE8663C4098C65DB" box="[331,484,1491,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are relatively smaller than those of both 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FC7863C40C2565DB" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[949,1101,1491,1518]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC7863C40C2565DB" box="[949,1101,1491,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FB4863C40C9265DB" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1157,1274,1491,1518]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FB4863C40C9265DB" box="[1157,1274,1491,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FAC463C40D1665DB" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1289,1406,1491,1518]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FAC463C40D1665DB" box="[1289,1406,1491,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has thinner seeds. Although reticulate structure is dominant in testa ornamentation as shown in all these three 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FAF063E708B46603" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FAF063E70DC36627" box="[1341,1451,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Gladiolus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, it is reticulate-cellulate in 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FDC5600C0AC86603" box="[520,672,1563,1590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FDC5600C0AC86603" box="[520,672,1563,1590]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, rugose-reticulate in 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FC41600C0C4B6603" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[908,1059,1563,1590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC41600C0C4B6603" box="[908,1059,1563,1590]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and reticulate in 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FB27600C0D356603" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1258,1373,1563,1590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FB27600C0D356603" box="[1258,1373,1563,1590]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="0C58B18CFF9A7D19FAA1600B08F0666F" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,159,183]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of seed characteristics of Gladiolus alanyensis, G. anatolicus, and G. humilis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" tableUuid="15A5D4BFFF9A7D19FF45668F0CA06081">Table 2</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D9E198B2FF9A7D19FF69602F088F666F" box="[164,231,1599,1625]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1022,1044]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetId="figure-70@6.[158,1430,281,997]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Seed micromorphology of investigated Gladiolus species by LM and SEM. a−c: G. alanyensis (Coll. no: HD 10460); d−f: G. anatolicus (Coll. no: GY AEF20000); g–i: G. humilis (Coll. no: MK AEF17651); a, d, g: general view in LM; b, c, e, f, h, i: testa epidermal cells)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021571/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF9A7D19FF7060740925674F" blockId="5.[136,1452,1203,2058]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
More concretely, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FE4D60740A7F664B" box="[384,535,1635,1662]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FE4D60740A7F664B" box="[384,535,1635,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FD6560740B57664B" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[680,831,1635,1662]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FD6560740B57664B" box="[680,831,1635,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by seed dimensions 1.47–3.01 × 1.20–2.85 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9A7D19FAF6607308DC6694" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" metricValueMax="1.37" metricValueMin="0.66" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="1.015" valueMax="1.37" valueMin="0.66">0.66–1.37 mm</quantity>
(L × W × T) (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FE9B609809F66697" box="[342,414,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
2.02–3.19 × 1.33–2.82 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9A7D19FD0E60970B036697" box="[707,875,1671,1697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4749999999999999" metricValueMax="2.03" metricValueMin="0.92" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="1.4749999999999999" valueMax="2.03" valueMin="0.92">0.92–2.03 mm</quantity>
), L/W ratio 1.52, shape ovoid-tetraquetrous, colour brown (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF2F60BC094266F3" box="[226,298,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
1.49, ellipsoid-triquetrous, dark brown), ornamentation reticulate-cellulate (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FB4360BC0CBE66F3" box="[1166,1238,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
rugose-reticulate), epicuticular wax smooth or rarely with messy and minutely tiny platelets (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC2C60C00C4166DF" box="[993,1065,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
smooth or rarely with messy and tiny platelets), testa epidermal cells shape polygonal, more or less isodiametric, angular (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FB4F60E40CA2673B" box="[1154,1226,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
polygonal, more or less isodiametric, orbicular to oblong, angular), anticlinal cell walls conspicuous, regularly thickened, raised, sunken (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF5C612C08B16763" box="[145,217,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
conspicuous, uniformly thickened and rarely straight, raised), and periclinal cell walls concave to slightly flat (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF5C617008B1674F" box="[145,217,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
concave).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF9A7D1AFF7061930AAD6136" blockId="5.[136,1452,1203,2058]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,257]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
Similarly, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FEF9619409A767AB" box="[308,463,1923,1950]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FEF9619409A767AB" box="[308,463,1923,1950]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF9A7D19FDA661940A8A67AB" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[619,738,1923,1950]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FDA661940A8A67AB" box="[619,738,1923,1950]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also by seed dimensions 1.47–2.76 × 1.20–1.89 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9A7D19FAF6619308DC67F4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" metricValueMax="1.37" metricValueMin="0.66" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="1.015" valueMax="1.37" valueMin="0.66">0.66–1.37 mm</quantity>
(L × W × T) (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FEA861B809C567F7" box="[357,429,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
1.89–3.27 × 1.22–1.94 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF9A7D19FD1261B70BE167F7" box="[735,905,1959,1986]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.305" valueMax="0.35" valueMin="0.26">0.26–0.35 mm</quantity>
), L/W ratio 1.52 and shape ovoid-tetraquetrous (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FF5C61DC08B167D3" box="[145,217,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
1.44, ovoid-triquetrous), ornamentation reticulate-cellulate (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FC5A61DC0BB767D3" box="[919,991,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
reticulate), epicuticular wax smooth or rarely with messy and minutely tiny platelets (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF9A7D19FD5E61E00AB3683F" box="[659,731,2032,2057]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">versus</emphasis>
smooth or rarely with messy and tiny platelets), testa epidermal cells shape polygonal, more or less isodiametric, angular (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFCD8668F0B35608E" box="[789,861,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
polygonal, more or less isodiametric), anticlinal cell walls conspicuous, regularly thickened, raised, sunken (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFCC866D30B2560EA" box="[773,845,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
conspicuous, uniformly thickened, raised), periclinal cell walls concave to slightly flat (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDC766F70A3A6136" box="[522,594,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
concave).
</paragraph>
<caption id="15A5D4BFFF997D1AFF4565EE08AB646A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021571" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7021571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021571/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" startId="6.[136,229,1022,1044]" targetBox="[158,1430,281,997]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="41658437FF997D1AFF4565EE08AB646A" blockId="6.[136,1452,1022,1116]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFF4565EE08956425" bold="true" box="[136,253,1022,1044]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Seed micromorphology of investigated 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFDB165EE0B4D6422" box="[636,805,1022,1044]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDB165EE0AB36425" box="[636,731,1022,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Gladiolus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
by LM and SEM. a−c: 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFBCB65EE0CEF6425" box="[1030,1159,1022,1043]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFBCB65EE0CEF6425" box="[1030,1159,1022,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Coll. no: 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFB2365EF0D3A6425" box="[1262,1362,1022,1044]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">HD 10460</emphasis>
); d−f: 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFA5965EE08846401" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFA5965EE08846401" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Coll. no: 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFE9F623209B56401" box="[338,477,1058,1079]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">GY AEF20000</emphasis>
); g–i: 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFDD662320A176401" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[539,639,1058,1079]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDD662320A176401" box="[539,639,1058,1079]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Coll. no: 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD2962330B1D6401" box="[740,885,1058,1080]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">MK AEF17651</emphasis>
); a, d, g: general view in LM; b, c, e, f, h, i: testa epidermal cells).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="41658437FF997D1AFF70629A0C02656E" blockId="6.[136,1452,1162,2089]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFF70629A098C6492" bold="true" box="[189,484,1162,1188]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:— 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFDCA629A0A1D6492" box="[519,629,1162,1188]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDCA629A0A1D6492" box="[519,629,1162,1188]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Gladiolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens from the 
<typeStatus id="9E613A95FF997D1AFCA4629B0BF16493" box="[873,921,1163,1189]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">type</typeStatus>
locality (Elmalısu, Alanya, 
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF997D1AFB11629A0DCB6492" box="[1244,1443,1162,1188]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Antalya Province</collectingRegion>
) collected in 2017 were initially identified as “ 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFD5462BE0BED64FE" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[665,901,1198,1224]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD5462BE0BED64FE" box="[665,901,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Gladiolus anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” due to the similarities of their leaves, flowers, and seed. Likewise, the samples collected in a neighbouring area (Mahmutlar-TaŞkent, Alanya) by I. Eker in 2007 and 2012 were also annotated “c.f. 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFDD962E70AC46526" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[532,684,1270,1297]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDD962E70AC46526" box="[532,684,1270,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”. Indeed, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFCEC62E70BD06526" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[801,952,1270,1297]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFCEC62E70BD06526" box="[801,952,1270,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an endemic species identified from 
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF997D1AFAA462E60DCF6526" box="[1385,1447,1270,1296]" country="Turkey" name="Izmir" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Izmir</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF997D1AFF45630A08B16502" box="[136,217,1306,1332]" name="Turkey" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, which at first sight resembles 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFDFC630B0AA16502" box="[561,713,1306,1333]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDFC630B0AA16502" box="[561,713,1306,1333]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, differences between both species became clearer when we investigated in detail both flowering and fruit samples we collected in Alanya region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF997D1AFF70637209B6664E" blockId="6.[136,1452,1162,2089]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFF70637209C4654A" box="[189,428,1378,1404]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFF70637209C4654A" box="[189,428,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFD8463730A8C654A" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[585,740,1378,1405]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD8463730A8C654A" box="[585,740,1378,1405]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFD3963730B03654A" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[756,875,1378,1405]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD3963730B03654A" box="[756,875,1378,1405]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFC6563730C50654A" box="[936,1080,1378,1405]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFC6563730C50654A" box="[936,1080,1378,1405]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in leaf size and number, flower number and curl condition of the flower tube and unwinged seeds, and compared morphologically with them. However, it is easily distinguished from them by having membranous, parallel fibrous corm, up to 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFB4963BB0CAF65F3" box="[1156,1223,1451,1477]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
outer bracts length, perigone colour, straight perigone tube, obovoid capsule, ovoid-tetraquetrous, and brown seeds. In this study, the newly described species was compared morphologically with 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFCF263E30BBF663A" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[831,983,1522,1549]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFCF263E30BBF663A" box="[831,983,1522,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFBC063E30CE9663A" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1037,1153,1522,1549]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFBC063E30CE9663A" box="[1037,1153,1522,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the closest species, and with 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFF0F600709396606" box="[194,337,1558,1585]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFF0F600709396606" box="[194,337,1558,1585]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to habit similarity (
<tableCitation id="0C58B18CFF997D1AFDAE60060AD06607" box="[611,696,1558,1585]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,340,364]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of the diagnostic characteristics among G. alanyensis, G. anatolicus, G. humilis, and G. triphyllus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" tableUuid="15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A">Table 1</tableCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFD1F60060BD76606" box="[722,959,1558,1584]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD1F60060BD76606" box="[722,959,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFB8F60070CB36606" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1090,1243,1558,1585]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFB8F60070CB36606" box="[1090,1243,1558,1585]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by leaves, flower, and seed characteristics; to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFE74602B0A446662" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[441,556,1594,1621]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFE74602B0A446662" box="[441,556,1594,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by leaves and flower features; and to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFC1D602B0C356662" box="[976,1117,1594,1621]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFC1D602B0C356662" box="[976,1117,1594,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by filament, capsule size, and unwinged seed characteristics.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF997D1AFF7060930980681F" blockId="6.[136,1452,1162,2089]" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">
More precisely, the closest morphological connectios of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFC8960930BB666AA" box="[836,990,1666,1693]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFC8960930BB666AA" box="[836,990,1666,1693]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found with 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFB5A60930D5866AA" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1175,1328,1666,1693]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFB5A60930D5866AA" box="[1175,1328,1666,1693]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, regarding leaf size and number; inflorescence distichous or not markedly secund; flower number and curl condition of the flower tube; upper and lower perigon segments size; filament and anther size; and unwinged seed characteristics. However, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFF4560FF094A673E" box="[136,290,1774,1801]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFF4560FF094A673E" box="[136,290,1774,1801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF997D1AFDA160FF0B6D673E" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[620,773,1774,1801]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDA160FF0B6D673E" box="[620,773,1774,1801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its corm tunics membranous with parallel fibres (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFAA960FF0DC4673E" box="[1380,1452,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
papery with anastomosing fibres); leaves 3, near the cataphylls (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFCA661030BDB671A" box="[875,947,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
3–4, the lower one close to the cataphylls); leaves venation distinctly 5–6-nerved (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD8261270AFF6766" box="[591,663,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
distinctly 3-nerved); inflorescense distichous (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFB7361270D6E6766" box="[1214,1286,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
not markedly secund, distichous), 1–3(–5)-flowered (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD8D614B0AE06742" box="[576,648,1883,1908]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
3–4(–5)-flowered); perigone magenta-pink (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFBB6614B0CAB6742" box="[1147,1219,1883,1908]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
mauve-purple); tube of perigone straight (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFEBB616F09D667AE" box="[374,446,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
slightly curved), with posterior tube length 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFC7C616F0C4367AF" box="[945,1067,1919,1945]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12–14 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFBF1616F0CEC67AE" box="[1084,1156,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFB46616F0C9367AF" box="[1163,1275,1919,1945]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8–12 mm</quantity>
); claw of upper perigone segments 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFEAD61B209D4678B" box="[352,444,1954,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFDC961B30A24678A" box="[516,588,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFD9F61B20ADB678B" box="[594,691,1954,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.0">0–5 mm</quantity>
), claw of lower perigone segments 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFBF061B20CF2678B" box="[1085,1178,1954,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFB2F61B30D42678A" box="[1250,1322,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFAFD61B20DF7678B" box="[1328,1439,1954,1981]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="8.0">8–15 mm</quantity>
); LMS limb 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFECF61D7091267D7" box="[258,378,1991,2017]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="22.0">22–31 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFE0C61D70A6167D6" box="[449,521,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFDC261D70AE367D7" box="[527,651,1991,2017]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="12.0">12–21 mm</quantity>
); stigma branches 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFC9461D70BDD67D7" box="[857,949,1991,2017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFC3061D70C2D67D6" box="[1021,1093,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFB8761D60CA867D7" box="[1098,1216,1990,2017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.0">1–2.5 mm</quantity>
); capsule 8–10 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFA4C61D608DC6833" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFF0B61FB09666832" box="[198,270,2027,2052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
13–18 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF997D1AFEB361FB09956833" box="[382,509,2027,2053]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
), obovoid (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFD4D61FB0AA06832" box="[640,712,2027,2052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
ellipsoid to oblong); and seed shape ovoid-tetraquetrous (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF997D1AFAA961FB0DC46832" box="[1380,1452,2027,2052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="151">versus</emphasis>
ellipsoid-triquetrous) (
<tableCitation id="0C58B18CFF997D1AFE4E6E1E09BF681F" box="[387,471,2062,2089]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,340,364]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of the diagnostic characteristics among G. alanyensis, G. anatolicus, G. humilis, and G. triphyllus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" pageId="6" pageNumber="151" tableUuid="15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF987D1BFF70668E0D7D62BA" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">
Flowering and fruiting specimens in herbaria (AEF 17651, AEF14415, and ISTE 94730) collected from the 
<typeStatus id="9E613A95FF987D1BFAB6668F0DC3608F" box="[1403,1451,159,185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">type</typeStatus>
location (topotype) of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFE4566D20A3960EA" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[392,593,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFE4566D20A3960EA" box="[392,593,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Gladiolus humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were examined. Although 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFC4A66D30C4960EA" box="[903,1057,194,221]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC4A66D30C4960EA" box="[903,1057,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFB6F66D30D7060EA" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1186,1304,194,221]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB6F66D30D7060EA" box="[1186,1304,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by leaf size, lax and distichous inflorescence, upper and lower perigon segments size, anthers size, stigma branches length, and unwinged seed characteristics; it most differs from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFD02671B0B2C6112" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[719,836,266,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFD02671B0B2C6112" box="[719,836,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by corm structure, inflorescence with more numeorus flowers, perigon colour, shorter posterior and anterior length of perigon tube, shorter upper and lower perigone segment claw, shorter filament, smaller capsule size, and seed shape and colour. Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFBF967430CA3615A" box="[1076,1227,338,365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFBF967430CA3615A" box="[1076,1227,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinct from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFF456767089661A6" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[136,254,374,401]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF456767089661A6" box="[136,254,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of its corm tunics membranous with parallel fibres (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC7067670C6D61A6" box="[957,1029,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
coriaceous, subparallel fibrous); leaf venation distinctly 5–6-nerved (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFE23678B0A5E6182" box="[494,566,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
distinctly 3–4-nerved); inflorescence 1–3(–5)-flowered (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB78678B0C956182" box="[1205,1277,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
3–5-flowered); outer bracts (2–)3–6(–9) mm long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFDDB67AF0A3661EE" box="[534,606,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFDA967AE0AB361EE" box="[612,731,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
); perigone magenta-pink (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFBCF67AF0C2261EE" box="[1026,1098,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
purple or lower segments paler coloured); tube of perigone straight (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFDFE67F30A1361CA" box="[563,635,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
narrowly and distinctly curved), with posterior tube length 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFAFD67F20DC461CB" box="[1328,1452,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12–14 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF5C641708B16216" box="[145,217,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFF12641609336216" box="[223,347,518,544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
), and anterior tube length 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFDB764160A9A6217" box="[634,754,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFCCD64170B206216" box="[768,840,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFC8364160BA26216" box="[846,970,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13–15 mm</quantity>
); claw of upper perigone segments 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFA9D64160DC46217" box="[1360,1452,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF04643B09796272" box="[201,273,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFEDA643A091F6272" box="[279,375,554,580]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2 mm</quantity>
); UMS limb 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFDCB643A0A166273" box="[518,638,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="22.0">22–24 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFD08643B0B656272" box="[709,781,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFCDE643A0BE76272" box="[787,911,554,580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="23.0">23–37 mm</quantity>
); ULS limb 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFBDB643A0CE66273" box="[1046,1166,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="19.0">19–21 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB18643B0D756272" box="[1237,1309,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFAEE643A0DF76272" box="[1315,1439,554,580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 mm</quantity>
); LLS limb 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFF31645E091D625F" box="[252,373,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18–20 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFE73645F0A6E625E" box="[446,518,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFDC0645E0AE2625E" box="[525,650,590,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="21.0">21–30 mm</quantity>
); filament 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFCCF645E0B13625F" box="[770,891,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="14.0">14–17 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC09645F0C64625E" box="[964,1036,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFBDE645E0CEA625E" box="[1043,1154,590,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="9.0">9–13 mm</quantity>
); capsule 8–10 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFA82645E0DC4625F" box="[1359,1452,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF5C646308B162BA" box="[145,217,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
6–7 × 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFEE5646209E162BA" box="[296,393,626,652]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
), obovoid (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFDC564630A3862BA" box="[520,592,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
ellipsoid); seed ovoid-tetraquetrous (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC3E64630C5362BA" box="[1011,1083,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
ovoid-triquetrous).
</paragraph>
<caption id="15A5D4BFFF987D1BFF4562790A426494" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021573" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7021573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021573/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" startId="7.[136,229,1129,1151]" targetBox="[353,1234,693,1089]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="41658437FF987D1BFF4562790A426494" blockId="7.[136,1452,1129,1187]" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF45627909686448" bold="true" box="[136,256,1129,1151]" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Distribution map of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFE1962790AC86448" box="[468,672,1129,1150]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFE1962790AC86448" box="[468,672,1129,1150]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red circles), 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFCE0627A0BD96448" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[813,945,1129,1151]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFCE0627A0BD96448" box="[813,945,1129,1151]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(blue triangles), and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFB45627A0C876448" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1160,1263,1129,1151]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB45627A0C876448" box="[1160,1263,1129,1151]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(yellow square) in Turkey (modified from Tekşen 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFE78629E098E6494" box="[437,486,1165,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">et al.</emphasis>
2021).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="41658437FF987D1BFF7062C20A8C673E" blockId="7.[136,1452,1234,2052]" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">
Some of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFEE962C209FA64DA" box="[292,402,1234,1260]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFEE962C209FA64DA" box="[292,402,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Gladiolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations collected from Alanya are thought to be related to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFB9262C20C9064DA" box="[1119,1272,1234,1260]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB9262C20C9064DA" box="[1119,1272,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and some to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFA5D62C2089B6526" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFA5D62C2089B6526" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, only confirmed from 
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF987D1BFE3F62E60A2B6526" box="[498,579,1270,1296]" name="Cyprus" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
so far. It is possible that some of the 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFC2962E60C3A6526" box="[996,1106,1270,1296]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC2962E60C3A6526" box="[996,1106,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Gladiolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations occurring in areas below 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFF1B630A09476502" box="[214,303,1306,1332]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
, especially in the east of Antalya Province, might actually correspond to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFBB6630A0D636502" box="[1147,1291,1306,1332]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFBB6630A0D636502" box="[1147,1291,1306,1332]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Nonetheless, since most of the specimens in the herbaria are in early flowering period, there is no fruit available. Because mature fruit and seeds are important and strong characteristics for identification of these species, their lack makes it difficult to decide whether the samples belong to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFDE663960AA96596" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[555,705,1414,1440]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFDE663960AA96596" box="[555,705,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFD2963960B076596" box="[740,879,1414,1440]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFD2963960B076596" box="[740,879,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For this reason, it is absolutely necessary to collect samples with mature fruits. Relationships of these specimens to other species accepted in the Turkish flora are still in need of clarification. In 
<figureCitation id="D9E198B2FF987D1BFE4063DE098365DE" box="[397,491,1486,1512]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1129,1151]" captionTargetBox="[353,1234,693,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-263@7.[340,1247,677,1105]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Gladiolus alanyensis (red circles), G. anatolicus (blue triangles), and G. humilis (yellow square) in Turkey (modified from Tekşen et al. 2021)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021573/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Figure 4</figureCitation>
, the localities of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFD6F63DE0B5065DE" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[674,824,1486,1512]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFD6F63DE0B5065DE" box="[674,824,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the provinces close to the 
<typeStatus id="9E613A95FF987D1BFBBD63DE0CC865DE" box="[1136,1184,1486,1512]" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">type</typeStatus>
locality are highlighted. The distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFEA963E20994663A" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[356,508,1522,1548]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFEA963E20994663A" box="[356,508,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was given in detail by Tekşen 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC9663E30BFD663A" box="[859,917,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">et al.</emphasis>
(2021). Morphologically, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFB7263E20D30663A" box="[1215,1368,1522,1548]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB7263E20D30663A" box="[1215,1368,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is akin to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFF686006095A6606" box="[165,306,1558,1584]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF686006095A6606" box="[165,306,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its filament, capsule size, and unwinged seed characteristics. However, it differs from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFAD360060DC36606" box="[1310,1451,1558,1584]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFAD360060DC36606" box="[1310,1451,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its corm tunics membranous with parallel fibres (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFD11602B0B4C6662" box="[732,804,1595,1620]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
coarsely reticulate-fibrous); leaves 3, near the cataphylls (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF5C604F08B1664E" box="[145,217,1631,1656]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
3–4, the lower two close to the cataphylls), distinctly 5–6-nerved (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC0F604F0C62664E" box="[962,1034,1631,1656]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
distinctly 3–4-nerved), green (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFAA9604F0DC4664E" box="[1380,1452,1631,1656]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
grey-green or dull green); outer bracts (2–)3–6(–9) mm long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFC9060930BCD66AA" box="[861,933,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFC6260920C4166AA" box="[943,1065,1666,1693]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3 mm</quantity>
); inflorescense distichous (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFAA960930DC466AA" box="[1380,1452,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
secund); perigone magenta-pink (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFDC460B70A3966F6" box="[521,593,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
pale or dark rose pink), with tube straight (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB9D60B70CF066F6" box="[1104,1176,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
narrowly infundibular); anthers 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFF2D60DA093A66D2" box="[224,338,1738,1765]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="8.75" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="8.0">8–9.5 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFE5660DB098B66D2" box="[411,483,1739,1764]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFE2760DA0A2366D2" box="[490,587,1738,1764]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
); capsule obovoid (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFCEB60DB0B0666D2" box="[806,878,1739,1764]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
oblong-obovoid): seed ovoid-tetraquetrous (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFAA960DB0DC466D2" box="[1380,1452,1739,1764]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
subglobose), brown (
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFEB860FF09D5673E" box="[373,445,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">versus</emphasis>
reddish-brown) (
<tableCitation id="0C58B18CFF987D1BFDB260FE0ABB673E" box="[639,723,1774,1800]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,340,364]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of the diagnostic characteristics among G. alanyensis, G. anatolicus, G. humilis, and G. triphyllus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" tableUuid="15A5D4BFFF9C7D1FFF4567440DCD615A">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF987D1BFF7061020D366832" blockId="7.[136,1452,1234,2052]" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">
Differences are also found in distribution and ecology of all cited species. 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFBCA61020C9B671A" box="[1031,1267,1810,1836]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFBCA61020C9B671A" box="[1031,1267,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in South 
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF987D1BFF02612609476766" box="[207,303,1846,1872]" name="Turkey" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
on limestone dry stream beds in forest opennings and maquis groves between 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFB5061260D5F6766" box="[1181,1335,1846,1872]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" metricValueMax="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="1210.0" valueMax="1320.0" valueMin="1100.0">1100–1320 m</quantity>
elevation, flowering from May to July, while 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFDE2614A0AA36742" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[559,715,1882,1908]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFDE2614A0AA36742" box="[559,715,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in mostly Western 
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF987D1BFB94614A0CD16742" box="[1113,1209,1882,1908]" name="Turkey" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
on limestone rocky, alpine, steppe, forest and scrub areas between 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFD54616E0B6467AE" box="[665,780,1918,1944]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="1000.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2000 m</quantity>
elevation, flowering from April to June. 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFB2F616E0DC367AE" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[1250,1451,1918,1944]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFB2F616E0DC367AE" box="[1250,1451,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Gladiolus humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in Eastern 
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF987D1BFE5061B20A68678A" box="[413,512,1954,1980]" name="Turkey" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
, occurring in rocky areas between 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFC5D61B20C45678A" box="[912,1069,1954,1980]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="1800.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="1200.0">1200–2400 m</quantity>
elevation, and flowering in June. Finally, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF987D1BFF2961D6091A67D6" box="[228,370,1990,2016]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triphyllus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF987D1BFF2961D6091A67D6" box="[228,370,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">G. triphyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known to occur in southern 
<collectingCountry id="39CDC4A7FF987D1BFCC761D60B3667D6" box="[778,862,1990,2016]" name="Cyprus" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
, in pine forest, garigue or maquis vegetation, on dry rocky limestone or igneous hillsides, between 
<quantity id="862229D2FF987D1BFD4261FA0B686832" box="[655,768,2026,2052]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="12.2" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="610.0" valueMax="1220.0" valueMin="0.0">0–1220 m</quantity>
elevation, and flowering from March to May (
<figureCitation id="D9E198B2FF987D1BFAC661FA0D396832" box="[1291,1361,2026,2052]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1129,1151]" captionTargetBox="[353,1234,693,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-263@7.[340,1247,677,1105]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Gladiolus alanyensis (red circles), G. anatolicus (blue triangles), and G. humilis (yellow square) in Turkey (modified from Tekşen et al. 2021)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7021573/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="152">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF977D14FF70668E0A9E61CA" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FF70668E09C3608E" box="[189,427,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FF70668E09C3608E" box="[189,427,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">Gladiolus alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FE28668F0B87608E" authority="Eker &amp; Sagiroglu (2021: 98)" authorityName="Eker &amp; Sagiroglu" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="2021" box="[485,1007,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="izzet-baysalii">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FE28668F0AF5608E" box="[485,669,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. izzet-baysalii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="254BF9C6FF977D14FD6B668E0B87608E" author="Sagiroglu, M. &amp; Eker, I." box="[678,1007,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" pagination="151 - 161" refId="ref9189" refString="Sagiroglu, M. &amp; Eker, I. (2021) Gladiolus aladagensis (Iridaceae), a new species from Turkey. Phytotaxa 478: 151 - 161. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 478.1.11" type="journal article" year="2021">Eker &amp; Sağıroğlu (2021: 98)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
are found in close areas to each other. However, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FECF66D309CA60EA" box="[258,418,194,221]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FECF66D309CA60EA" box="[258,418,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the Mediterranean phytogeographic region, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FB5166D30D3160EA" authorityName="Eker &amp; Sagiroglu" authorityYear="2021" box="[1180,1369,194,221]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="izzet-baysalii">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FB5166D30D3160EA" box="[1180,1369,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. izzet-baysalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows in 
<collectingRegion id="831E4AD5FF977D14FF6166F709EE6136" box="[172,390,230,257]" country="Turkey" name="Karaman" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">Karaman Province</collectingRegion>
, within the Irano-Turanian phytogeographical region to the border of the Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Morphologically, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FD4A671B0B4B6112" box="[647,803,266,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FD4A671B0AF36113" box="[647,667,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FD60671A0B4B6112" box="[685,803,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FC0C671B0C126112" authorityName="Eker &amp; Sagiroglu" authorityYear="2021" box="[961,1146,266,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="izzet-baysalii">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FC0C671B0C126112" box="[961,1146,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. izzet-baysalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by habit, flower and seed characteristics, and they grow in ecologically different areas (the latter is found along dry creek beds in meadows between 
<quantity id="862229D2FF977D14FF21674209EF615B" box="[236,391,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="1725.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1650.0">1650–1800 m</quantity>
elevation). 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FDC667420B7C615A" authorityName="Eker &amp; Sagiroglu" authorityYear="2021" box="[523,788,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="izzet-baysalii">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FDC667420B7C615A" box="[523,788,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">Gladiolus izzet-baysalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closer to 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FC5467430D49615A" authority="W. D. Koch (1837: 699)" authorityName="W. D. Koch" authorityPageNumber="699" authorityYear="1837" box="[921,1313,338,365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="illyricus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FC5467430C7F615A" box="[921,1047,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. illyricus</emphasis>
W.D.Koch (1837: 699)
</taxonomicName>
. It distinctly differs from 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FEDD676709CE61A6" box="[272,422,374,401]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FEDD676709CE61A6" box="[272,422,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having coriaceous corm tunics; inflorescence a dense and second spike; flowers bicoloured and more numerous, with curved perigone tube; capsule more abundantly seeded; and triquetrous seeds. Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FF4567AF094A61EE" box="[136,290,446,473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alanyensis">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FF4567AF094A61EE" box="[136,290,446,473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. alanyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
produces smaller seeds with reticulate-cellulate testa ornamentation, whereas seed of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FB3967AF0DC461EE" authorityName="Eker &amp; Sagiroglu" authorityYear="2021" box="[1268,1452,446,473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="izzet-baysalii">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FB3967AF0DC461EE" box="[1268,1452,446,473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. izzet-baysalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are larger with reticulate-foveolate testa ornamentation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41658437FF977D14FF7064160D4A62BA" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">
Some of the 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FE86641609D16216" box="[331,441,518,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FE86641609D16216" box="[331,441,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">Gladiolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations collected from Alanya-Antalya region were named as 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FB6A64170D4D6216" authorityName="W. D. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[1191,1317,518,545]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="illyricus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FB6A64170D4D6216" box="[1191,1317,518,545]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. illyricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in herbaria. However, seeds of 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FE97643B09BF6272" authorityName="W. D. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[346,471,554,581]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="illyricus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FE97643B09BF6272" box="[346,471,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. illyricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are clearly winged, whereas they lack wings in 
<taxonomicName id="86DAFFB4FF977D14FC2A643B0C156272" authorityName="Boissier (1882: 140) Stapf" authorityYear="1885" box="[999,1149,554,581]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Gladiolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicus">
<emphasis id="73AE5825FF977D14FC2A643B0C156272" box="[999,1149,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="153">G. anatolicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which allows unequivocal dictinction. Missidentification of species in this group often occurs when dealing with incomplete (seedless) herbarium vouchers that are labelled based only on a few non-diagnostic vegetative characters, as mentioned above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>