323 lines
40 KiB
XML
323 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="673383BF80C62913F73792F180D7F566"><strong> The Eurasian species of <em> Xyela </ em> (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae): taxonomy, host plants and distribution </ strong></mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="51A604A4C9EB2B0FA590E6E086933CC7">Blank, Stephan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FEDC6BD7C4A33FA9DBAA614055D9FF49">Shinohara, Akihiko</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="726550414136E90C6BCDD354FDCC2755" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261646" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194443940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5261646" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:726550414136E90C6BCDD354FDCC2755" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/726550414136E90C6BCDD354FDCC2755" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4136E9326BCDD354FE3D2733" box="[151,490,1339,1366]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574136E9326BCDD354FE3D2733" blockId="30.[151,490,1339,1366]" box="[151,490,1339,1366]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<heading id="A13B563B4136E9326BCDD354FE3D2733" bold="true" box="[151,490,1339,1366]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44136E9326BCDD354FE3D2733" authority="Maa, 1949" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,490,1339,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454136E9326BCDD354FE3D2733" bold="true" box="[151,490,1339,1366]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454136E9326BCDD354FEB52730" bold="true" box="[151,354,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Xyela exilicornis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64136E9326A32D353FE3D2733" author="Maa, T. - C." box="[360,490,1339,1365]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="30 - 42" refId="ref69796" refString="Maa, T. - C. (1949) A synopsis of Chinese sawflies of the superfamily Megalodontoidea (Hymenoptera). Chinese Journal of Zoology, 3, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="1949">Maa, 1949</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4136E9326BCDD3EAFBE627FE" box="[151,1073,1410,1432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574136E9326BCDD3EAFBE627FE" blockId="30.[151,1073,1410,1432]" box="[151,1073,1410,1432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DADCC6794136E9326BCDD3EAFBE627FE" box="[151,1073,1410,1432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<treatmentCitation id="7B6DC7464136E9326BCDD3EAFE2A27FE" author="Maa, T. - C." box="[151,509,1410,1432]" page="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="1949">
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44136E9326BCDD3EAFE2A27FE" authority="Maa 1949: 30 - 32" authorityName="Maa" authorityPageNumber="30 - 32" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,509,1410,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454136E9326BCDD3EAFE9527FE" box="[151,322,1410,1432]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Xyela exilicornis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64136E9326A12D3EBFE2A27FE" author="Maa, T. - C." box="[328,509,1410,1432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="30 - 42" refId="ref69796" refString="Maa, T. - C. (1949) A synopsis of Chinese sawflies of the superfamily Megalodontoidea (Hymenoptera). Chinese Journal of Zoology, 3, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="1949">Maa 1949: 30–32</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4136E932695DD3EBFDCD27FE" box="[519,538,1411,1432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<typeStatus id="25775FF54136E932697DD3EBFD8427FE" box="[551,595,1411,1432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74136E93269E8D3EAFD2627FE" box="[690,753,1410,1432]" name="China" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="38082FB54136E93269A1D3EAFC5327FE" box="[763,900,1410,1432]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fujian Sheng</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="1A177B2D4136E93268D4D3EAFC3527FE" box="[910,994,1410,1432]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Shaowu</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="FF13B78C4136E93268B6D3EAFBFB27FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:726550414136E90C6BCDD354FDCC2755:FF13B78C4136E93268B6D3EAFBFB27FE" box="[1004,1068,1410,1432]" country="China" municipality="Shaowu" name="Wuku" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Fujian">Wuku</location>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4136E90C6BCDD3ADFBCA237A" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574136E9326BCDD3ADFBB324BF" blockId="30.[151,1437,1477,2005]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454136E9326BCDD3ADFEF627B8" bold="true" box="[151,289,1477,1502]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description</emphasis>
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. Female. Color. Head yellow with brown and black pattern: face predominantly pale brown leaving small stripe along eye and on vertex yellow, two diffuse black stripes along frontal furrows meeting black ocellar and postocellar area, black longitudinal spot in middle of frons present; kidney-shaped spots on vertex separate from black postocellar area. Antenna pale brown. Thorax dorsally brown with more or less yellow pattern on pronotum, mesonotal lobes and mesoscutellum, tegulae pale, mesepisternum largely pale brown. Abdominal terga brown, lateral parts of terga 8 and 9+10 paler, valvifer 2 completely pale brown, membrane between valvifer 2 and valvula 3 white, valvula 3 brown (darker than valvifer 2). Legs pale brown, posterior coxae dark brown with distal 0.3–0.5 pale. Wing membrane slightly infuscate, venation and pterostigma pale brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574136E9336B9DD08DFC9823E1" blockId="30.[151,1437,1477,2005]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1436,151,391]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Morphology. Fore wing 4.0–
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<quantity id="3D344CB24136E9326950D08DFD88249B" box="[522,607,1765,1789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
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long, 1.95–2.05 times longer than ovipositor sheath, vein Rs+M 125–150 µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 640–760 µm long, antennomere 4 130–150 µm long and 4.0–5.0 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp 440–480 µm long, 1.35–1.50 times longer than scape and about as wide as synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = 1.70–1.90: 1. Ovipositor sheath 2.0–
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<quantity id="3D344CB24136E9326ACDD11DFE3D25EB" box="[407,490,1909,1933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
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long, valvula 3 1.70–1.80 times longer than valvifer 2 and 6.5–7.0 times longer than wide at base. Valvula 3 of ovipositor strongly compressed in cross section, pale membranous area along ventral edge of valvula 2 about as long as width of valvula 3 at base, dorsal edge of valvula 3 sloping down to round tip in distal fifth, valvula 3 with sensilla field exposed and directed caudally, bearing 8 setae. Ovipositor bent downwards. Valvula 1 compressed, aulax terminating preapically, small preapical tooth of dorsal edge present, dorsal edge sloping down and ventral edge sloping up to tip, with ca 13 oblique closely spaced annuli in distal 0.2, without serrulae, olistether with ca 7 setae. Left and right valvulae 2 fused along dorsal edge up to distal 0.1, dorsal margin almost smooth, distal 0.1 abruptly narrowing to tip. Valvula
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<quantity id="3D344CB24137E93368C9D74FFC692359" box="[915,958,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
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distal third with 10 almost vertical annuli, slightly proximal to annuli groups of 2 sensilla campaniformia enclosed by an indistinct sclerotization. Posterior tibia 0.9–1.0 mm long, all claws with delicate subapical tooth.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="AEB3B1DF4137E9336BCDD379FE7527E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261346" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5261346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261346/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[151,250,1297,1320]" targetBox="[152,1436,448,1268]" targetPageId="31">
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574137E9336BCDD379FE7527E5" blockId="31.[151,1437,1297,1411]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454137E9336BCDD379FEF3274E" bold="true" box="[151,292,1297,1320]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
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Records of Chinese and Taiwanese
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44137E93369EAD379FC962741" box="[688,833,1297,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454137E93369EAD379FD3D2741" box="[688,746,1297,1319]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Xyela</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44137E933680AD37AFC0B2741" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1949" box="[848,988,1297,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454137E933680AD37AFC0B2741" box="[848,988,1297,1319]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">X. exilicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(5 specimens from 2 collection sites),
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44137E9336EDCD37AFEC02720" authorityName="Shinohara" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454137E9336EDCD37AFEC02720" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">X. meridionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(4 specimens from 1 collection site) and
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44137E93369EFD359FCF72720" authorityName=", Maa" authorityYear="1947" box="[693,800,1328,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinicola">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454137E93369EFD359FCF72720" box="[693,800,1328,1350]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">X. sinicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(10 specimens from 4 collection sites), and natural distribution of their supposed host plants,
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44137E9336A8ED338FD582703" box="[468,655,1360,1381]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="massoniana">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454137E9336A8ED338FD582703" box="[468,655,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pinus massoniana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(solid line, according to
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<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64137E93368C0D327FBFB2703" author="Kindel, K. - H." box="[922,1068,1359,1381]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref68972" refString="Kindel, K. - H. (1995) Kiefern in Europa. Bildtafeln und Beschreibungen der in europaischen Waldern, Garten und Parks anzutreffenden einheimischen und fremdlandischen Arten. G. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena and New York, 204 pp." type="book" year="1995">Kindel (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44137E9336F39D338FAD92703" box="[1123,1294,1359,1381]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="morrisonicola">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454137E9336F39D338FAD92703" box="[1123,1294,1359,1381]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P. morrisonicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(dashed line, according to
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<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64137E9336A41D305FE4027E5" author="Mirov, N. T." box="[283,407,1389,1411]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref69989" refString="Mirov, N. T. (1967) The genus Pinus. The Ronald Press Company, New York, 602 pp." type="book" year="1967">Mirov 1967</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574137E9336B9DD3C5FC1124FB" blockId="31.[151,1436,1453,2017]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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||
Male. Color. Head yellow with pale and dark brown pattern: ocellar and postocellar area and kidney-shaped spots dark, frons pale or indistinctly diffuse pale brown (faded
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<typeStatus id="25775FF54137E93368C2D3B9FC2D278F" box="[920,1018,1489,1513]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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possibly with brown stripes along supraantennal furrows and dark longitudinal stripe in middle of frons, male from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74137E9336F7CD39EFB7E2468" box="[1062,1193,1526,1550]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
without indication of dark pattern on frons). Antennae pale brown. Thorax dorsally brown with distinct pale pattern on pronotum, mesonotal lobes and mesoscutellum, tegulae pale, mesepisternum largely pale brown. Abdominal terga brown, sterna possibly paler than terga (faded?), hypopygium completely pale. Legs including posterior coxae pale brown (faded?). Wings slightly infuscate, venation and pterostigma pale brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574137E90C6B9DD0C1FBCA237A" blockId="31.[151,1436,1453,2017]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Morphology. Fore wing ca
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24137E9336AA2D0C1FD9A24A7" box="[504,589,1705,1729]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, Rs+M 50–90 µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 740–790 µm long, antennomere 4 210–220 µm long and ca 7.0 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp ca 450 µm long, ca 1.45 times longer than scape and about as wide as synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = 1.60–1.90: 1. Longitudinal apodeme of basiparamere curved, basal portion in lateral position, harpe ca 1.3 times longer than wide distally in lateral view. Lower ergot on valvular stalk small but evident. Valviceps 1.50–1.65 times longer than wide on medial lobe, lateral lamella vertical with proximal edge convex and distal base concave, proximal lobe of penis valve ca 0.21–0.22 times as long as valviceps and 0.90–0.95 times as high as medial lobe, excision on lower edge triangularly shaped and 0.30–0.33 as deep as width of medial lobe, valviceps on medial lobe ca 1.17 times wider than on distal lobe, 2 distal flagella present, tip of longer flagellum reaching 0.95–1.00 width of distal lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="62F7FDD24108E90C686BD6FFFC4122C9" box="[817,918,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 136–145" captionStartId="77.[151,263,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-41@77.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 136–145. Penis valves of Xyela species: X. curva group, X. julii group (part). Figs 138–139 and 141 reproduced from Blank et al. (2005)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261388/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 137</figureCitation>
|
||
). Valviceps with distinct median longitudinal sclerotization absent (indistinct shadow present), medial lobe broad and slightly rounded on upper edge, with 5–9 cone-like sensilla on proximal portion of medial lobe, upper edge between medial and distal lobe with numerous setae. Posterior tibia
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24108E90C6AD8D76CFDF3237D" box="[386,548,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.925" valueMax="0.95" valueMin="0.9">0.90–0.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, all claws with delicate subapical tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4108E90C6B9DD740FCB92392" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD740FCB92392" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6B9DD740FEBA2326" bold="true" box="[199,365,295,320]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4AA4EB0A4108E90C6A21D74FFCB92392" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746410331" collectingDate="1945-03-15" collectionCode="TARI" collectorName="S. M. Blank" determinerName="S. M. Blank" elevation="400" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF54108E90C6A21D74FFE342359" box="[379,483,295,319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4108E90C6AB1D740FDD72359" box="[491,512,296,319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
: “Wuku [...; 2 Chinese characters for Wuku], Shaowu, Fukien,
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24108E90C6F9DD74FFAC72359" box="[1223,1296,295,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="71E106644108E90C6F9DD74FFAC72359" box="[1223,1296,295,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="8E72C7974108E90C6E46D74FFA402359" box="[1308,1431,295,319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1945-03-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9E363E7F4108E90C6E46D74FFA402359" box="[1308,1431,295,319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1945-03-15">15.iii.1945</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, K. S. Lin (indoor)”; [pink with a red edge:] “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C69D5D724FC9B2302" authority="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer, 2013" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[655,844,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C69D5D724FC9B2302" box="[655,844,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Xyela exilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D38B803E4108E90C6809D724FC582305" box="[851,911,332,355]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype ♂ T. Maa, 1948”; “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6F85D724FED823E1" authority="Maa, 1949" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1949" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6F85D724FA4B2302" box="[1247,1436,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Xyela exilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64108E90C6BCDD718FED823E1" author="Maa, T. - C." box="[151,271,367,391]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="30 - 42" refId="ref69796" refString="Maa, T. - C. (1949) A synopsis of Chinese sawflies of the superfamily Megalodontoidea (Hymenoptera). Chinese Journal of Zoology, 3, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="1949">Maa, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det.
|
||
<collectorName id="573984814108E90C6A12D707FE0623E1" box="[328,465,367,391]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. M. Blank</collectorName>
|
||
2001”. Specimen partly covered by mould and psocopteran excrement, antennomeres 4–12, right fore wing and right hind leg missing. Apparently faded since time of original description, because the dark color is pale brown (e.g., abdomen) and pale color of body is brownish yellow (e.g., most of face). Genitalia glued to piece of cardboard and stored on pin of holotype.
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD79924108E90C687DD7B4FCBD2392" box="[807,874,476,500]" collectionName="Taiwan [Republic of China], Taichung, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">TARI</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4108E90C6B9DD46BFC2A2059" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD46BFDA2207C" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" box="[199,629,511,539]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6B9DD46BFE93207D" bold="true" box="[199,324,515,539]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="38082FB54108E90C6B9DD46BFF28207D" box="[199,255,515,539]" country="Afghanistan" name="Khost" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Host</collectingRegion>
|
||
plant
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<superScript id="0DB94C1F4108E90C6A08D797FE8E206B" attach="right" box="[338,345,511,525]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">?</superScript>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6A03D46BFDA2207C" authority="Lamb." box="[345,629,514,538]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="massoniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6A03D46BFDF2207C" box="[345,549,515,538]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pinus massoniana</emphasis>
|
||
Lamb.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD44EFC2A2059" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" box="[199,1021,550,575]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6B9DD44EFE302059" bold="true" box="[199,487,550,575]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74108E90C6AAFD44FFDEF2059" box="[501,568,551,575]" name="China" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="38082FB54108E90C691DD44FFD2A2059" box="[583,765,551,575]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fujian Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Xianggang) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="62F7FDD24108E90C68C6D44FFC382059" box="[924,1007,551,575]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1297,1320]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,448,1268]" captionTargetId="figure-470@31.[151,1436,445,1276]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 12. Records of Chinese and Taiwanese Xyela species, X. exilicornis (5 specimens from 2 collection sites), X. meridionalis (4 specimens from 1 collection site) and X. sinicola (10 specimens from 4 collection sites), and natural distribution of their supposed host plants, Pinus massoniana (solid line, according to Kindel (1995) and P. morrisonicola (dashed line, according to Mirov 1967)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261346/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4108E90C6B9DD423FDCC2755" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD423FA4720E1" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6B9DD423FEE32005" bold="true" box="[199,308,587,611]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The ovipositor is longer than that of the similarly colored
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6F43D423FB702004" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1938" box="[1049,1191,587,611]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curva">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6F43D423FB702004" box="[1049,1191,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Xyela curva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The penis valve is triangularly excised, similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6919D418FD1320E1" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1910" box="[579,708,624,647]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6919D418FD1320E1" box="[579,708,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C69A1D418FC7620E1" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara" authorityYear="2005" box="[763,929,623,647]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C69A1D418FC7620E1" box="[763,929,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the latter two species have a dark head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD4FAFEA821E4" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
A “punctuation” of the body surface as mentioned in Maa’s original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6F3ED4FBFB2E20CD" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1949" box="[1124,1273,659,683]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6F3ED4FBFB2E20CD" box="[1124,1273,659,683]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. exilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not present, but the
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF54108E90C6BB7D4DFFE9820A9" box="[237,335,695,719]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
exhibits coriaceous microsculpture as is typical for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C68C5D4DFFC0820A9" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[927,991,695,719]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C68C5D4DFFC0820A9" box="[927,991,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Xyela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The color of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF54108E90C6FF7D4DFFAD820A9" box="[1197,1295,695,719]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen is possibly strongly modified. The dark pattern may have become paler and the yellow pattern partly pale brown. Also 2 of the 3 studied females from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74108E90C6963D497FD6A2171" box="[569,701,767,791]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
are possibly faded, and the above description of the color pattern in female sex is taken from the third, dark specimen. The pale females have the dark pattern generally pale brown. Their face is predominantly pale brown, and they lack the dark stripes along the frontal furrows and the dark medial spot of frons.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD5E7FD0C2675" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64108E90C6B9DD5E7FE9B21C1" author="Maa, T. - C." box="[199,332,911,935]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="30 - 42" refId="ref69796" refString="Maa, T. - C. (1949) A synopsis of Chinese sawflies of the superfamily Megalodontoidea (Hymenoptera). Chinese Journal of Zoology, 3, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="1949">Maa (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
emphasized that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C694DD5F8FD7921C1" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1949" box="[535,686,911,935]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C694DD5F8FD7921C1" box="[535,686,911,935]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. exilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“is only comparable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C689CD5F8FA8F21C1" authority="Guss. (Kamtshatka)" box="[966,1368,911,935]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamtshatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C689CD5F8FBB821C1" box="[966,1135,911,935]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. kamtshatica</emphasis>
|
||
Guss. (Kamtshatka)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its wing venation”, and accordingly,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64108E90C697AD5DAFD3321AC" author="Rasnitsyn, A. P." box="[544,740,946,970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="483 - 519" refId="ref70467" refString="Rasnitsyn, A. P. (1965) Notes on the biology, systematics and phylogeny of Xyelinae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae). Polske Pismo Entomologiczne, 35 (12), 483 - 519." type="journal article" year="1965">Rasnitsyn (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed it in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C68F1D5DBFBDA21AD" authorityName=": Taeger" authorityYear="1987" box="[939,1037,947,971]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpigena">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C68F1D5DBFBDA21AD" box="[939,1037,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">alpigena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. The presence of a vertical lateral lamella on the penis valve with a concave excision and the proximal lobe of the valviceps not protruding above the medial lobe refer it to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6976D593FD5B2674" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1938" box="[556,652,1019,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curva">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6976D593FD5B2674" box="[556,652,1019,1042]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. curva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD277FBDC263C" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The hitherto unknown female was associated with the help of material collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74108E90C6F3BD277FB332651" box="[1121,1252,1055,1079]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
on the same site and period of time.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6A29D22BFDE7263D" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1949" box="[371,560,1091,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6A29D22BFDE7263D" box="[371,560,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Xyela exilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found there together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C68D6D22BFBD3263D" authorityName=", Maa" authorityYear="1947" box="[908,1028,1091,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C68D6D22BFBD3263D" box="[908,1028,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. sinicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574108E90C6B9DD200FDCC2755" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6B9DD200FE4C2619" box="[199,411,1128,1151]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="massoniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6B9DD200FE4C2619" box="[199,411,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pinus massoniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is supposed to be the host plant, because it is the only pine species whose native geographical and altitudinal distribution range coincides with the known collection records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6FEBD2E3FA9126C5" authorityName="Maa" authorityYear="1949" box="[1201,1350,1163,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6FEBD2E3FA9126C5" box="[1201,1350,1163,1187]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. exilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64108E90C6E0ED2E2FF0526A1" author="Mirov, N. T." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref69989" refString="Mirov, N. T. (1967) The genus Pinus. The Ronald Press Company, New York, 602 pp." type="book" year="1967">Mirov 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6A1DD2D8FE1626A1" authorityName=", Maa" authorityYear="1947" box="[327,449,1199,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6A1DD2D8FE1626A1" box="[327,449,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">X. sinicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Among the material of both species
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4108E90C68DCD2C7FBC326A1" box="[902,1044,1199,1223]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
are labeled as being collected on “
|
||
<date id="8E72C7974108E90C6BF8D2BAFEC1268C" box="[162,278,1234,1258]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1965-05-10">10.V.1965</date>
|
||
” and 6 on different days of “[...].
|
||
<date id="8E72C7974108E90C69FAD2BAFD2B268C" box="[672,764,1234,1258]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1965-02">II.1965</date>
|
||
”. The date May is regarded as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF54108E90C6FD0D2BBFB6D268D" box="[1162,1210,1235,1259]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">type</typeStatus>
|
||
error for February, because blooming of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44108E90C6AD3D290FDFB2769" box="[393,556,1272,1295]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="massoniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454108E90C6AD3D290FDFB2769" box="[393,556,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. massoniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in February is more likely due to the rather southern geographical position of the collection locality
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74108E90C6ACAD373FDCF2755" box="[400,536,1307,1331]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |