419 lines
53 KiB
XML
419 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="EC1E280AAD6781554FAAF5B536DB7615" ID-CLB-Dataset="26885" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="08a78a86-2d0c-41ff-935b-3722f98f37aa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2682325" ID-ZooBank="829DA902-069E-42EF-A9D5-AADF71587F67" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1557388907351" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Britz, Ralf, Anoop, V. K., Dahanukar, Neelesh & Raghavan, Rajeev" docDate="2019" docId="6F4587D6FFF6FFF7FF4F6FA6939EF87C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4603.2.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4603 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aenigmachanna gollum Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan 2019, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="007D1DAF-6F05-47AD-AA9D-A109CF220ABD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="382" masterDocId="937CFFAEFFF4FFF0FFD86F3F936CFFE1" masterDocTitle="The subterranean Aenigmachanna gollum, a new genus and species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Kerala, South India" masterLastPageNumber="388" masterPageNumber="377" pageNumber="379" updateTime="1698726582472" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1B5E9FC5CEAFC15423D8E1183D606DAB">
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<mods:title id="73807F3F7260EB8F8080131BE506C53C">The subterranean Aenigmachanna gollum, a new genus and species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Kerala, South India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D576AF04C9009F7DB9A4676FB8B56733" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FB8881F5770BBE52E9757D15DE66A13A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BC648419674ABE0344D7041FC7FF4933">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CC701B841D9ECA820F4389F1FEC878CB">Britz, Ralf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="59BAC78F46AE1AE519FD8B8B64D3DB42" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9B9D2A2E679F2F5F729341D794858699">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F39CB0C3A0CE01E10E0B3696A329DEFB">Anoop, V. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="E249AC5786950156D4E85D45C64AA4F0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A2F8BFCC4956AFCE74B325413B2A7698">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4091A98A75FD2BE61CFF1D680916188D">Dahanukar, Neelesh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E54CA4D78DD1435F21551F0794CB18DC" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="CF1888495B35AA9AF705A1F2BB72CD74">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2022A3DB678DCBB596DEF8F1E80C15A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2BCF8F078B5F437BAE20776273044775">Raghavan, Rajeev</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3AE1043F98AF130A46B6256CF0776567">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4DB0CEACF54E07B1C8D0EFD4C6847771">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="4F44415151E8838987C94B4092BE3B83">
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<mods:date id="BD3EB30B21C2EA9CAF84F4F3F3FE0C47">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1A54F8D2254400345A60EB2CF8DF3795">2019-05-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="52C21241D586978B6E7591B1412861A0">4603</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="61BDC3485B9E196CD33D81607C7FA5D1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="36D195574AF8C11A74CCE27528E83C91" type="CLB-Dataset">26885</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3BE4C68C105E029A3E02522A5D880F6B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.10</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6F4587D6FFF6FFF7FF4F6FA6939EF87C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669195" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157078360" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669195" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:007D1DAF-6F05-47AD-AA9D-A109CF220ABD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F4587D6FFF6FFF7FF4F6FA6939EF87C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="382" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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<subSubSection id="AFF6654BFFF6FFF2FF4F6FA69136FF52" box="[151,602,153,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FF4F6FA69136FF52" blockId="2.[151,602,153,215]" box="[151,602,153,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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<heading id="BC1B81ACFFF6FFF2FF4F6FA69136FF52" bold="true" box="[151,602,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FF4F6FA69136FF52" bold="true" box="[151,602,153,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF6FFF2FF4F6FA692D0FF55" authority="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan, 2019" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,444,153,180]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FF4F6FA692D0FF55" bold="true" box="[151,444,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAB57A9FFF6FFF2FE126FA59136FF52" box="[458,602,153,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AFF6654BFFF6FFF2FF4F6F829271FF36" box="[151,285,189,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FF4F6F829271FF36" blockId="2.[151,602,153,215]" box="[151,285,189,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF6FFF2FF4F6F829271FF36" box="[151,285,189,215]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,757,782]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1884,1909]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1873,1898]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,795,820]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1435,179,698]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1435,840,1831]" captionTargetBox-2="[153,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetBox-3="[153,1435,181,739]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[153,1437,179,698]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[153,1438,840,1831]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[153,1438,181,1833]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[153,1437,181,739]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Aenigmachanna gollum, alive, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, paratype, BNHS FWF 967, 80.1 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India, head in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C), sensory pores of head lateral-line marked by black dots. Abbreviations: aa anguloarticular pore; co circumorbital pores; d dentary pores; esc extrascapular pores; f frontal pores; po preopercular pores; pt posttemporal pores; pto pterotic pores." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, details of body pigmentation. A, anterior body behind pectoral fin; B, posterior body at middle of caudal peduncle. Note increase in size of pigment free area at bases of scales in B." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2682327/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2682329/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2682331/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/2682333/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AFF6654BFFF6FFF2FF4F6E39974DFE86" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FF4F6E39905BFEA2" blockId="2.[151,1437,261,1007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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<materialsCitation id="57843C9DFFF6FFF2FF4F6E39905BFEA2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2239277546" collectingDate="2018-09-03" collectionCode="BNHS" collectorName="Ajeer" country="India" latitude="11.064445" location="Oorakam" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="76.01667" municipality="Malappuram" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="FWF 966" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FF4F6E399267FEC1" bold="true" box="[151,267,262,288]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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<typeStatus id="38578862FFF6FFF2FF4F6E39926AFEC1" box="[151,262,262,288]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectionCode id="81FDAE05FFF6FFF2FECC6E3A9233FEFE" box="[276,351,261,287]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">BNHS</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="B74A9EBBFFF6FFF2FEB06E3992BBFEFE" box="[360,471,261,288]" collectionCode="FWF" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">FWF 966</specimenCode>
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,
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<quantity id="20149B25FFF6FFF2FE3D6E3A9127FEC1" box="[485,587,261,288]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.02" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="90.2">90.2 mm</quantity>
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SL,
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||
<location id="E233601BFFF6FFF2FD5C6E3A9183FEFE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F4587D6FFF6FFF7FF4F6FA6939EF87C:E233601BFFF6FFF2FD5C6E3A9183FEFE" box="[644,751,261,287]" country="India" latitude="11.064445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="76.01667" municipality="Malappuram" name="Oorakam" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" stateProvince="Kerala">Oorakam</location>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="0737ACBAFFF6FFF2FD246E3A90E2FEFE" box="[764,910,261,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Malappuram</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="2528F822FFF6FFF2FC436E3A9084FEFE" box="[923,1000,261,287]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Kerala</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="9FFB7650FFF6FFF2FC2E6E3A975CFEFE" box="[1014,1072,261,287]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">India</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="82D85007FFF6FFF2FB996E3A97A2FEC1" box="[1089,1230,261,288]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" precision="15" value="11.064445">11°03’52’’N</geoCoordinate>
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and
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<geoCoordinate id="82D85007FFF6FFF2FAD16E3A96F8FEC1" box="[1289,1428,261,288]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" precision="15" value="76.01667">76°01’00’’E</geoCoordinate>
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) collected by
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<collectorName id="4A195316FFF6FFF2FEFD6E16920FFEA2" box="[293,355,297,323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Ajeer</collectorName>
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||
on
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<collectingDate id="8316E9E8FFF6FFF2FE556E169135FEA2" box="[397,601,297,323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" value="2018-09-03">
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<date id="93521000FFF6FFF2FE556E169135FEA2" box="[397,601,297,323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" value="2018-09-03">3 September 2018</date>
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</collectingDate>
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from a paddy field.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FF1F6E71974DFE86" blockId="2.[151,1437,261,1007]" box="[199,1057,333,360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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<materialsCitation id="57843C9DFFF6FFF2FF1F6E719771FE86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2239277545" box="[199,1053,333,360]" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="FWF 967" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="38578862FFF6FFF2FF1F6E719258FE89" box="[199,308,334,360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="paratype">
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||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FF1F6E719258FE89" bold="true" box="[199,308,334,360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Paratype</emphasis>
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||
</typeStatus>
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||
.
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||
<collectionCode id="81FDAE05FFF6FFF2FE9A6E7292E1FE86" box="[322,397,333,359]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">BNHS</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="B74A9EBBFFF6FFF2FE4C6E71916DFE86" box="[404,513,333,360]" collectionCode="FWF" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">FWF 967</specimenCode>
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,
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<quantity id="20149B25FFF6FFF2FDD46E72911CFE89" box="[524,624,333,360]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.01" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="80.1">80.1 mm</quantity>
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SL, same information as for
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<typeStatus id="38578862FFF6FFF2FC6F6E729771FE86" box="[951,1053,333,359]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFF6654BFFF6FFF2FF1F6E4E912AFE6D" box="[199,582,369,396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FF1F6E4E912AFE6D" blockId="2.[151,1437,261,1007]" box="[199,582,369,396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FF1F6E4E922EFE6D" bold="true" box="[199,322,369,396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Same as for the genus.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="AFF6654BFFF6FFF5FF1F6EAA9738F9AD" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="382" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FF1F6EAA9261FC0E" blockId="2.[151,1437,261,1007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
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||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FF1F6EAA9235FE51" bold="true" box="[199,345,405,432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Description.</emphasis>
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Body cylindrical anteriorly to subcylindrical posteriorly and laterally compressed caudally, elongate, eel-like (Figs. 1,2), its length 8.8–9.0 times its depth, tapering towards tail, where body length is 22–23 times its depth. Head large, with eye situated in anterior third of head. Nasal organ large, about 1/10 head length, anterior naris at end of elongate nasal tube, posterior naris a large opening in front of eye. Mouth large (
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||
<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF6FFF2FB2B6D3E9636FDFA" box="[1267,1370,513,539]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,757,782]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1884,1909]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1873,1898]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1435,179,698]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1435,840,1831]" captionTargetBox-2="[153,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[153,1437,179,698]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[153,1438,840,1831]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[153,1438,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Aenigmachanna gollum, alive, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, paratype, BNHS FWF 967, 80.1 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India, head in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C), sensory pores of head lateral-line marked by black dots. Abbreviations: aa anguloarticular pore; co circumorbital pores; d dentary pores; esc extrascapular pores; f frontal pores; po preopercular pores; pt posttemporal pores; pto pterotic pores." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2682327/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2682329/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2682331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Figs. 1-3</figureCitation>
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), jaw length nearly 2/3 head length. Premaxilla with several rows of strong recurved teeth, larger near symphysis and smaller and only in single row more posteriorly. Vomer with up to 10 strong conical teeth, six prominent teeth on palatine arranged in a single row. Dentary with several rows of smaller but strong and recurved teeth on patch near symphysis, but with larger caniniform teeth further posteriorly. Five large antrorse teeth on posterior patch of parasphenoid. Fifteen elongate gill rakers on external aspect of first gill arch. Five branchiostegal rays. Head lateral-line pore system with two nasal pores, seven circumorbital pores, two frontal pores, four dentary and one anguloarticular pore, four preopercular pores, one pterotic pore, two extrascapular pores, one posttemporal pore. No pored lateral line scales on body (
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||
<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF6FFF2FEA56C1E92AEFCDA" box="[381,450,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,795,820]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,739]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[153,1437,181,739]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, details of body pigmentation. A, anterior body behind pectoral fin; B, posterior body at middle of caudal peduncle. Note increase in size of pigment free area at bases of scales in B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682333/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal fin long (Figs. 1,2), nearly three-quarters of standard length, originating at first quarter of body, extending to caudal peduncle, almost reaching caudal fin. Anal fin long (Figs. 1,2), more than half of standard length, originating slightly behind first half of body and in posterior extension mirroring dorsal fin by extending almost up to caudal fin. Caudal fin ovoid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF6FFF2FD3C6CB29049FC46" box="[740,805,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,757,782]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,179,698]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1437,179,698]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aenigmachanna gollum, alive, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682327/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pectoral fin large, its posterior margin when adpressed reaching beneath origin of eighth dorsal-fin ray (Fig. 1,2). Pelvic fin absent. Morphometric information is presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="AA6E037BFFF6FFF2FF6B6CEA926BFC0E" box="[179,263,981,1007]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1055,1079]" captionTargetBox="[166,1283,1092,2016]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected measurements in mm of the holotype and paratype of Aenigmachanna gollum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B3936648FFF6FFF2FF4F6B2097DAFBD6" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" tableUuid="B3936648FFF6FFF2FF4F6B2097DAFBD6">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B3936648FFF6FFF2FF4F6B2097DAFBD6" ID-Table-UUID="B3936648FFF6FFF2FF4F6B2097DAFBD6" box="[151,1206,1055,1080]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B3936648FFF6FFF2FF4F6B2097DAFBD6" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" startId="2.[151,239,1055,1079]" targetBox="[166,1283,1092,2016]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FF4F6B2097DAFBD6" blockId="2.[151,1206,1055,1080]" box="[151,1206,1055,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FF4F6B209266FBD6" bold="true" box="[151,266,1055,1079]" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Selected measurements in mm of the holotype and paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF6FFF2FC696B2097C3FBD6" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[945,1199,1055,1079]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF6FFF2FC696B2097C3FBD6" box="[945,1199,1055,1079]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF6FFF2FCDA6B7B97ECF801" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<table id="95ECC460FFF6000FFF7E6B7B966FF801" box="[166,1283,1092,2016]" gridcols="3" gridrows="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6B7B966FFBBD" box="[166,1283,1092,1116]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6B7B90DDFBBD" box="[770,945,1092,1116]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Holotype</th>
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6B7B966FFBBD" box="[1108,1283,1092,1116]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Paratype</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6B58966FFB61" box="[166,1283,1127,1152]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="379" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6B5890DDFB61" box="[770,945,1127,1152]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">BNHS FWF 966</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6B58966FFB61" box="[1108,1283,1127,1152]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">BNHS FWF 967</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6B92966FFB27" box="[166,1283,1197,1222]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E6B9292F8FB27" box="[166,404,1197,1222]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Standard length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6B9290DDFB27" box="[770,945,1197,1222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">90.2</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6B92966FFB27" box="[1108,1283,1197,1222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">80.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6A20966FFAD9" box="[166,1283,1311,1336]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E6A2092F8FAD9" box="[166,404,1311,1336]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Head length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6A2090DDFAD9" box="[770,945,1311,1336]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">19.5</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6A20966FFAD9" box="[1108,1283,1311,1336]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">16.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6A7A966FFABF" box="[166,1283,1349,1374]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E6A7A92F8FABF" box="[166,404,1349,1374]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Head depth</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6A7A90DDFABF" box="[770,945,1349,1374]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">9.0</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6A7A966FFABF" box="[1108,1283,1349,1374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">8.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6A55966FFA62" box="[166,1283,1386,1411]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E6A5592F8FA62" box="[166,404,1386,1411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Head width</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6A5590DDFA62" box="[770,945,1386,1411]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">9.3</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6A55966FFA62" box="[1108,1283,1386,1411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">7.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6AAF966FFA48" box="[166,1283,1424,1449]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E6AAF92F8FA48" box="[166,404,1424,1449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Body depth</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6AAF90DDFA48" box="[770,945,1424,1449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">10.5</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6AAF966FFA48" box="[1108,1283,1424,1449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">9.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6A89966FFA2E" box="[166,1283,1462,1487]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E6A8992F8FA2E" box="[166,404,1462,1487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Body width</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6A8990DDFA2E" box="[770,945,1462,1487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6A89966FFA2E" box="[1108,1283,1462,1487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">5.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6AE3966FFA14" box="[166,1283,1500,1525]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E6AE392F8FA14" box="[166,404,1500,1525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Predorsal length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA6AE390DDFA14" box="[770,945,1500,1525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">24.2</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6AE3966FFA14" box="[1108,1283,1500,1525]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">21.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E693D966FF9FA" box="[166,1283,1538,1563]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E693D92F8F9FA" box="[166,404,1538,1563]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Preanal length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA693D90DDF9FA" box="[770,945,1538,1563]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">39.1</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C693D966FF9FA" box="[1108,1283,1538,1563]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">34.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6918966FF9A1" box="[166,1283,1575,1600]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E691892F8F9A1" box="[166,404,1575,1600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Prepectoral length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA691890DDF9A1" box="[770,945,1575,1600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">19.2</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6918966FF9A1" box="[1108,1283,1575,1600]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">16.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6972966FF987" box="[166,1283,1613,1638]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E697292F8F987" box="[166,404,1613,1638]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA697290DDF987" box="[770,945,1613,1638]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">64.1</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6972966FF987" box="[1108,1283,1613,1638]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">57.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E694C966FF96D" box="[166,1283,1651,1676]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E694C92F8F96D" box="[166,404,1651,1676]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Anal-fin base length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA694C90DDF96D" box="[770,945,1651,1676]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">49.2</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C694C966FF96D" box="[1108,1283,1651,1676]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">43.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E69A6966FF953" box="[166,1283,1689,1714]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E69A692F8F953" box="[166,404,1689,1714]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Pectoral-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA69A690DDF953" box="[770,945,1689,1714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">12.9</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C69A6966FF953" box="[1108,1283,1689,1714]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">10.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6980966FF939" box="[166,1283,1727,1752]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E698092F8F939" box="[166,404,1727,1752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Caudal peduncle length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA698090DDF939" box="[770,945,1727,1752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6980966FF939" box="[1108,1283,1727,1752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">1.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E69DB966FF91C" box="[166,1283,1764,1789]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E69DB92F8F91C" box="[166,404,1764,1789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA69DB90DDF91C" box="[770,945,1764,1789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C69DB966FF91C" box="[1108,1283,1764,1789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">3.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6835966FF8C2" box="[166,1283,1802,1827]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E683592F8F8C2" box="[166,404,1802,1827]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA683590DDF8C2" box="[770,945,1802,1827]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">3.9</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6835966FF8C2" box="[1108,1283,1802,1827]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">3.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E680F966FF8A8" box="[166,1283,1840,1865]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E680F92F8F8A8" box="[166,404,1840,1865]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Eye diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA680F90DDF8A8" box="[770,945,1840,1865]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C680F966FF8A8" box="[1108,1283,1840,1865]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">2.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6869966FF88E" box="[166,1283,1878,1903]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E686992F8F88E" box="[166,404,1878,1903]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Preorbital depth</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA686990DDF88E" box="[770,945,1878,1903]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6869966FF88E" box="[1108,1283,1878,1903]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">3.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E6843966FF874" box="[166,1283,1916,1941]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E684392F8F874" box="[166,404,1916,1941]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Postorbital depth</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA684390DDF874" box="[770,945,1916,1941]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">6.4</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C6843966FF874" box="[1108,1283,1916,1941]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">5.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E689E966FF85B" box="[166,1283,1953,1978]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E689E92F8F85B" box="[166,404,1953,1978]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Interorbital width</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA689E90DDF85B" box="[770,945,1953,1978]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">4.4</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C689E966FF85B" box="[1108,1283,1953,1978]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59DC3482FFF6000FFF7E68F8966FF801" box="[166,1283,1991,2016]" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">
|
||
<th id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFF7E68F892F8F801" box="[166,404,1991,2016]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">Upper jaw length</th>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFCDA68F890DDF801" box="[770,945,1991,2016]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">11.9</td>
|
||
<td id="1A0D5DFEFFF6000FFB8C68F8966FF801" box="[1108,1283,1991,2016]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="379">10.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B3936648FFF7FFF3FF4F6DCA96EDFCEF" box="[151,1409,757,782]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682327/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="380" startId="3.[151,250,757,782]" targetBox="[153,1435,179,698]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF7FFF3FF4F6DCA96EDFCEF" blockId="3.[151,1409,757,782]" box="[151,1409,757,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="380">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF7FFF3FF4F6DCA927FFCEF" bold="true" box="[151,275,757,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="380">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF7FFF3FEC16DC99166FCEF" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[281,522,758,782]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF7FFF3FEC16DC99166FCEF" box="[281,522,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="380">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, alive, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B3936648FFF7FFF3FF4F686391C7F878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682329/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="380" startId="3.[151,250,1884,1909]" targetBox="[153,1435,840,1831]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF7FFF3FF4F686391C7F878" blockId="3.[151,1436,1884,1945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="380">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF7FFF3FF4F6863927AF894" bold="true" box="[151,278,1884,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="380">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF7FFF3FEF868629178F894" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[288,532,1885,1909]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF7FFF3FEF868629178F894" box="[288,532,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="380">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B3936648FFF0FFF4FF4F686E9152F837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682331/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" startId="4.[151,250,1873,1898]" targetBox="[153,1435,181,1833]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF0FFF4FF4F686E9152F837" blockId="4.[151,1437,1873,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FF4F686E9278F88B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1873,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF0FFF4FEC3686D9160F88B" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[283,524,1874,1898]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FEC3686D9160F88B" box="[283,524,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, preserved, paratype, BNHS FWF 967, 80.1 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India, head in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C), sensory pores of head lateral-line marked by black dots. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FF4F68A593DCF853" bold="true" box="[151,176,1946,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">aa</emphasis>
|
||
anguloarticular pore;
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FE5768A592CBF853" bold="true" box="[399,423,1946,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">co</emphasis>
|
||
circumorbital pores;
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FDA668A591E0F853" bold="true" box="[638,652,1946,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">d</emphasis>
|
||
dentary pores;
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FCFF68A5902BF853" bold="true" box="[807,839,1946,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">esc</emphasis>
|
||
extrascapular pores;
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FBC568A69749F853" bold="true" box="[1053,1061,1945,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">f</emphasis>
|
||
frontal pores;
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FB6068A597BFF853" bold="true" box="[1208,1235,1946,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">po</emphasis>
|
||
preopercular pores;
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FF4F688193C2F837" bold="true" box="[151,174,1982,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">pt</emphasis>
|
||
posttemporal pores;
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF0FFF4FE5B688192CAF837" bold="true" box="[387,422,1982,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="381">pto</emphasis>
|
||
pterotic pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B3936648FFF1FFF5FF4F6C249208FC9A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682333/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" startId="5.[151,250,795,820]" targetBox="[153,1435,181,739]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF5FF4F6C249208FC9A" blockId="5.[151,1436,795,892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FF4F6C249279FCD5" bold="true" box="[151,277,795,820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FEC66C24917EFCD2" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[286,530,795,819]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FEC66C24917EFCD2" box="[286,530,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, details of body pigmentation. A, anterior body behind pectoral fin; B, posterior body at middle of caudal peduncle. Note increase in size of pigment free area at bases of scales in B.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF5FF1F6C959186FBD1" blockId="5.[151,1437,938,2044]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Large scales covering top of head, small scales on postorbital area up to opercle (Figs. 2,3). 29 (10 + 19) predorsal scales. Comparatively small scales on anterior postcranial portion of body arranged slightly irregularly, with larger regularly arranged scales from level of anterior dorsal fin base posteriorly. 83–85 scales in lateral series plus 4 scales on caudal-fin base. 13 transverse scale rows.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF5FF1F6B0590FEFB99" blockId="5.[151,1437,938,2044]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Dorsal fin with 56–57 rays, anal fin with 43–44 rays, caudal fin with 7+7 principal caudal-fin rays and 1 dorsal and 1 ventral procurrent ray. Pectoral fin with 12 rays. Vertebrae 64.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF5FF1F6BBD9659FB7D" blockId="5.[151,1437,938,2044]" box="[199,1333,1154,1180]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Unfortunately, due to the rarity of the material we are unable to comment further on internal features.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF5FF1F6B9A9738F9AD" blockId="5.[151,1437,938,2044]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FF1F6B9A9233FB21" bold="true" box="[199,351,1189,1216]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Colouration.</emphasis>
|
||
In life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF1FFF5FE646B999292FB21" box="[444,510,1190,1216]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,757,782]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,179,698]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1437,179,698]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aenigmachanna gollum, alive, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682327/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), entire body from head to caudal peduncle uniformly brown dorsally and mostly brown laterally, but with ventral side of head uniformly lighter beige without melanophores; abdominal area mostly beige with scattered dark spots. Scales covering cheek and opercular region exhibiting reflective, silvery areas resulting in a marbled impression. Body at level of individual scales with characteristic colouration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF1FFF5FB306A2D9639FACD" box="[1256,1365,1298,1324]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,757,782]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1884,1909]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1873,1898]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,795,820]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1435,179,698]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1435,840,1831]" captionTargetBox-2="[153,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetBox-3="[153,1435,181,739]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[153,1437,179,698]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[153,1438,840,1831]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[153,1438,181,1833]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[153,1437,181,739]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Aenigmachanna gollum, alive, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, paratype, BNHS FWF 967, 80.1 mm SL, Oorakam, Malappuram, Kerala, India, head in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral view (C), sensory pores of head lateral-line marked by black dots. Abbreviations: aa anguloarticular pore; co circumorbital pores; d dentary pores; esc extrascapular pores; f frontal pores; po preopercular pores; pt posttemporal pores; pto pterotic pores." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Aenigmachanna gollum, preserved, holotype, BNHS FWF 966, 90.2 mm SL, details of body pigmentation. A, anterior body behind pectoral fin; B, posterior body at middle of caudal peduncle. Note increase in size of pigment free area at bases of scales in B." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2682327/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2682329/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2682331/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/2682333/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
|
||
): each scale in dorsal half of body with darker brown anterior crescentic area, light brown to yellowish, narrow and crescentic, elongate marking in middle of scales and dark brown posterior blotch-like marking; scales in ventral half of body with light brown to yellowish crescentic mark becoming progressively wider ventrally, in ventrolateral scales entirely replacing anterior dark crescentic area; most scales in ventral abdominal region uniform beige with few brown scales interspersed, forming scattered spots, some of which are arranged in a midventral streak from isthmus to anus. Fin membranes transparent and fin rays light brown with whitish distal tips forming narrow whitish dorsal, caudal, and anal-fin margins. In preservative, colour pattern as above, but reflective silvery area on cheek scales, light brown area on body scales, and beige scales on ventral abdominal body whitish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFF6654BFFF1FFF5FF1F696A918CF959" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF5FF1F696A918CF959" blockId="5.[151,1437,938,2044]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FF1F696A920DF991" bold="true" box="[199,353,1621,1648]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FEBF6969911EF991" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[359,626,1622,1648]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FEBF6969911EF991" box="[359,626,1622,1648]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is so far known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="38578862FFF1FFF5FC1F6969909BF991" box="[967,1015,1622,1648]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (Figs. 5,6), a paddy field, but a third specimen has been reported from a well at the Village of Peringara near Tiruvalla (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="82D85007FFF1FFF5FBAA6945979FF975" box="[1138,1267,1658,1684]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" precision="15" value="9.3758335">9°22’33” N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
and
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="82D85007FFF1FFF5FAFF694593C7F959" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" precision="15" value="76.55">76°33’00” E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), approximately
|
||
<quantity id="20149B25FFF1FFF5FEB069A292D1F959" box="[360,445,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" unit="km" value="250.0">250 km</quantity>
|
||
south of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="38578862FFF1FFF5FD9769A19113F959" box="[591,639,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFF6654BFFF1FFF7FF1F69FD939EF87C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF5FF1F69FD9732F8C5" blockId="5.[151,1437,938,2044]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FF1F69FD9222F93D" bold="true" box="[199,334,1730,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named after Gollum, a character from J. R. R. Tolkien’s books ‘The Hobbit’ and ‘The Lord of the Rings’, a creature that went underground and during its subterranean life changed its morphological features. A noun in apposition. We propose the common name Gollum snakehead for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E75336C0FFF1FFF7FF1F6812939EF87C" blockId="5.[151,1437,938,2044]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,1850,1949]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FF1F681292FCF8A9" bold="true" box="[199,400,1837,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Genetic analysis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FE4E68119120F8A9" authority="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan, 2019" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[406,588,1838,1864]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FE4E68119120F8A9" box="[406,588,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Aenigmachanna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showed high genetic divergence, with minimum and maximum raw genetic distances ranging from 15.8–24.2% in
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FD8C686D91E5F88D" box="[596,649,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">cox1</emphasis>
|
||
for the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FCB8686D90D5F88D" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1777" box="[864,953,1874,1900]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FCB8686D90D5F88D" box="[864,953,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Channa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and with 20.4–22.2% in
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FB3C686D9675F88D" box="[1252,1305,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">cox1</emphasis>
|
||
for species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FF606849922EF871" authorityName="Teugels & Daget. Uniquely" authorityYear="1984" box="[184,322,1910,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Parachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FF606849922EF871" box="[184,322,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Parachanna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Best partition scheme for the data was TNe+I+G4 for first two codon positions of
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FAD56849962EF871" box="[1293,1346,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">cox1</emphasis>
|
||
(BIC = 18328.676, lnL = -8606.791, df=172) and TN+ASC+G4 for third codon position of
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FB9F68A59711F855" box="[1095,1149,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">cox1</emphasis>
|
||
(BIC = 18714.922, lnL = -8511.415, df=261). The maximum likelihood tree based on the best partition scheme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF1FFF5FB86688197CDF839" box="[1118,1185,1982,2008]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1671,1696]" captionTargetBox="[210,1345,189,1640]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[193,1394,181,1646]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maximum likelihood tree based on mitochondrial cox1 gene using best partition scheme for nucleotide substitution pattern. Anabantiform fishes of the genera Badis and Nandus were used as outgroups. Values along the nodes are percentage bootstrap values based on 1000 iterations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682339/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) showed a deep divergence between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FE9E68DD913EF81D" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[326,594,2018,2044]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FE9E68DD913EF81D" box="[326,594,2018,2044]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the clades of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FCFA68DD90C0F81D" authorityName="Teugels & Daget. Uniquely" authorityYear="1984" box="[802,940,2018,2044]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Parachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FCFA68DD90C0F81D" box="[802,940,2018,2044]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Parachanna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF1FFF5FC3D68DD9752F81D" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1777" box="[997,1086,2018,2044]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF1FFF5FC3D68DD9752F81D" box="[997,1086,2018,2044]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="382">Channa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within Channoidei. Additional studies are needed to place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF3FFF7FE08680591B0F8B5" authorityName="Britz & Anoop & Dahanukar & Raghavan" authorityYear="2019" box="[464,732,1850,1876]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Aenigmachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF3FFF7FE08680591B0F8B5" box="[464,732,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="384">Aenigmachanna gollum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with confidence into a phylogenetic framework and to decide whether it is the sister group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF3FFF7FE2B68619111F899" authorityName="Teugels & Daget. Uniquely" authorityYear="1984" box="[499,637,1886,1912]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Parachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF3FFF7FE2B68619111F899" box="[499,637,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="384">Parachanna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF3FFF7FD706861906DF899" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1777" box="[680,769,1886,1912]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF3FFF7FD706861906DF899" box="[680,769,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="384">Channa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or even of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF3FFF7FCA46861976AF899" authorityName="Teugels & Daget. Uniquely" authorityYear="1984" box="[892,1030,1886,1912]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Parachanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF3FFF7FCA46861976AF899" box="[892,1030,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="384">Parachanna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
plus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20EC4D43FFF3FFF7FB99686197F6F899" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1777" box="[1089,1178,1886,1912]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF3FFF7FB99686197F6F899" box="[1089,1178,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="384">Channa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as in the
|
||
<emphasis id="D598EAD2FFF3FFF7FADF68619651F899" box="[1287,1341,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="384">cox1</emphasis>
|
||
analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FD72A45FFF3FFF7FF7868BD9388F87C" box="[160,228,1922,1949]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1671,1696]" captionTargetBox="[210,1345,189,1640]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[193,1394,181,1646]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maximum likelihood tree based on mitochondrial cox1 gene using best partition scheme for nucleotide substitution pattern. Anabantiform fishes of the genera Badis and Nandus were used as outgroups. Values along the nodes are percentage bootstrap values based on 1000 iterations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2682339/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="384">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |