292 lines
35 KiB
XML
292 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="50B7F7D08122FFF06BE650AB602222BC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.194047" ID-GBIF-Dataset="18e7ebdc-9680-4301-9674-c14b5e87ecaf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="194047" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460183944776" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Samyn, Yves & Thandar, Ahmed S." docDate="2010" docId="03A2B434FFA84B16FF5F255DFC82B226" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02399p019.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2399" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Massinium albicans Samyn & Thandar, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FF9BCC4CFFAF4B1DFFC8237FFF9BB541" masterDocTitle="Two new species in the phyllophorid genus Massinium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) with redescription of Massinium magnum" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698236274408" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="67876E8BCA65E9310FA3AE4C7F8FFB05" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F801130F2A0E6A1042B2B94DCE17E18B">
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<mods:title id="40F856C46644ADEF3F15D5B794682796">Two new species in the phyllophorid genus Massinium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) with redescription of Massinium magnum</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="21160973B28FFB1AE6DD17150A3BA8F9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EB245BADD808D1135166505551928EBB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9925C94E77E6E9C7DD01F4C2CF938BE5">Samyn, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F7CD7B67812E6116B5812A756777B50C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0B1C09B122EC949009920CECD68718F1">Thandar, Ahmed S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C11259A66DF3BC18A43E62D4AF59BCCD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8B293CC5C662A1D9AD147E1484C4F8BF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="581EDC7ED5495832C30E88149BDE7DFE">
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<mods:date id="5D959C95DB6A40C6B7A36D334B731B16">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CE9484BAB28D4A07B02044D9C09CAAE4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CE33C09954E81882A613302DBEA75B7C">2399</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C316B3C19EA1C75B3E55FDAC2FF5943B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="26D930D8768D3069DA4D52FC2D89221F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.194047</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="42D9825BAC3003379B2923DB019C6908" type="GBIF-Dataset">18e7ebdc-9680-4301-9674-c14b5e87ecaf</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="473601EB6AB6F49ADE476C82A12AF466" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C0FF8DADD81CF2C8A4D53EFE1769BEBA" type="Zenodo-Dep">194047</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A2B434FFA84B16FF5F255DFC82B226" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6196780" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119383633" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6196780" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2B434FFA84B16FF5F255DFC82B226" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2B434FFA84B16FF5F255DFC82B226" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C31156A9FFA84B1AFF5F255DFE0CB31E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA84B1AFF5F255DFE74B37D" blockId="7.[151,495,1570,1631]" box="[151,495,1570,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0FCB24EFFA84B1AFF5F255DFE74B37D" bold="true" box="[151,495,1570,1596]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA84B1AFF5F255DFE74B37D" bold="true" box="[151,495,1570,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA84B1AFF5F255DFE11B37D" ID-CoL="3YCD4" box="[151,394,1570,1596]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA84B1AFF5F255DFE11B37D" bold="true" box="[151,394,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Massinium albicans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C644BFFA84B1AFE5A255DFE74B37D" box="[402,495,1570,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA84B1AFF5F253AFE0CB31E" blockId="7.[151,495,1570,1631]" box="[151,407,1605,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">(figs 5A–M, 6A–F, 7)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31156A9FFA84B1AFF5F25EFFC82B255" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA84B1AFF5F25EFFA07B3E6" blockId="7.[151,1436,1680,1703]" box="[151,1436,1680,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B220CFFA84B1AFF5F25EFFA07B3E6" box="[151,1436,1680,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA84B1AFF5F25EFFE07B3E6" ID-CoL="46V8J" box="[151,412,1680,1703]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Neothyonidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="magnum">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA84B1AFF5F25EFFE07B3E6" box="[151,412,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Neothyonidium magnum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAA2333FFA84B1AFE6125EFFD3AB3E6" author="Cherbonnier" box="[425,673,1680,1703]" page="656" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1980">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA84B1AFE6125EFFDF5B3E6" author="Cherbonnier" box="[425,622,1680,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1980) Holothuries de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 4 eme serie 2, section A (3), 615 - 667." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherbonnier 1980</bibRefCitation>
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: 656
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig 20A–Q;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAA2333FFA84B1AFCE325EFFBE7B3E6" author="Feral" box="[811,1148,1680,1703]" page="102" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA84B1AFCE325EFFBD3B3E6" author="Feral" box="[811,1096,1680,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Feral, J. - P. & Cherbonnier, G. (1986) Les holothurides. In: Guille, Laboute & Menou (eds), Guide des etoiles de mer, oursins et autres echinodermes du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie, ORSTOM, Paris, 55 - 107." type="book chapter" year="1986">Féral & Cherbonnier 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 102
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 40T (non
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA84B1AFAD125EFFA08B3E6" ID-CoL="46V8J" box="[1305,1427,1680,1703]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Neothyonidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="magnum">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA84B1AFAD125EFFA08B3E6" box="[1305,1427,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">N. magnum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA84B1AFF5F25AAFC82B255" blockId="7.[151,1154,1749,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA84B1AFF5F25AAFE14B3AE" bold="true" box="[151,399,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Name bearing
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<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA84B1AFE8725AAFE12B3AE" box="[335,393,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA84B1AFE5D25AAFD9CB3AE" box="[405,519,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: MNHN EcHh 3096; 2
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<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA84B1AFCD525AAFC16B3AE" box="[797,909,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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MNHN EcHh 3087.
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA84B1AFF0C2585FEF6B255" bold="true" box="[196,365,1786,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA84B1AFF0C2585FE9AB255" box="[196,257,1786,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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Chenal Devarenne,
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<collectingCountry id="F31C45B2FFA84B1AFD942585FC8DB255" box="[604,790,1786,1812]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF7455AAFFA74B15FF5F2451FF6FB2A4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194052/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[205,1386,193,1812]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA74B15FF5F2451FF6FB2A4" blockId="8.[151,1436,1838,2021]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA74B15FF5F2451FEBAB207" bold="true" box="[151,289,1838,1862]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA74B15FEE12450FD97B207" box="[297,524,1839,1862]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA74B15FEE12450FD97B207" box="[297,524,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Massinium albicans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C644BFFA74B15FDDD2451FDEAB207" box="[533,625,1838,1862]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA74B15FDDD2451FDEAB207" bold="true" box="[533,625,1838,1862]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, Holotype. A. Rosettes and pseudobuttons from anterior body wall; B. Pseudobuttons and rosettes of mid body wall; C. Rosettes of posterior body wall; D. Irregular perforated plates of ventral tube feet; E. Pseudobuttons of ventral tube feet; F. Tables of introvert; G. Rosettes of introvert tube feet; H. Tables of introvert tube feet; J. Perforated plates of introvert tube feet; K. Elongated rosettes of peristome; L. Rosettes of shaft of large tentacle; M. Lattice-like deposit and rosettes of gonoduct; N. Rosettes of longitudinal muscles of cloacal retractor muscles.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF7455AAFFA64B14FF5F2554FA8FB323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194053/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[283,1303,194,1557]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA64B14FF5F2554FA8FB323" blockId="9.[151,1436,1579,1634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA64B14FF5F2554FE82B302" bold="true" box="[151,281,1579,1603]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA64B14FEE82554FE6CB303" box="[288,503,1579,1602]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA64B14FEE82554FE6CB303" box="[288,503,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Massinium albicans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C644BFFA64B14FE352554FDC8B302" box="[509,595,1579,1603]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA64B14FE352554FDC8B302" bold="true" box="[509,595,1579,1603]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, Holotype. A & B. Pseudobuttons of mid body wall; C. Tables of introvert; D. Rosettes of introvert tube feet; E. Perforated plates and table of introvert tube feet; F. Rosettes of peristome.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C31156A9FFA64B14FF0C25D5FE25B251" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA64B14FF0C25D5FE25B251" blockId="9.[151,1437,1706,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA64B14FF0C25D5FE53B385" bold="true" box="[196,456,1706,1732]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED1A9DE7FFA64B14FE1825D4FDB6B384" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[464,557,1707,1733]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">MNHN</collectionCode>
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EcHh 3096 (
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<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA64B14FD1B25D4FCDDB384" box="[723,838,1707,1733]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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), Chenal Devarenne (
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<collectingCountry id="F31C45B2FFA64B14FB9A25D4FA81B384" box="[1106,1306,1707,1733]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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),
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<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA64B14FAE725D4FA06B384" box="[1327,1437,1707,1733]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 m</quantity>
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depth, 1979, coll. Menou;
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<collectionCode id="ED1A9DE7FFA64B14FE1525AFFDA7B3AB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[477,572,1744,1770]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">MNHN</collectionCode>
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, EcHh 3087 (2
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<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA64B14FD3525AFFCECB3AB" box="[765,887,1744,1770]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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), Baie de Canala (
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<collectingCountry id="F31C45B2FFA64B14FB9F25AFFA87B3AB" box="[1111,1308,1744,1770]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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),
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<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA64B14FAF925AFFA07B3AB" box="[1329,1436,1744,1770]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 m</quantity>
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depth, 1979, coll Menou.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31156A9FFA64B14FF0E2465FB37B2E5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA64B14FF0E2465FB37B2E5" blockId="9.[151,1437,1706,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA64B14FF0E2465FED3B275" bold="true" box="[198,328,1818,1844]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Medium-sized, U-shaped species with bloated mid-body with short anterior and long posterior ends. Tables of introvert of two
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<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA64B14FDDC243FFDCDB21B" box="[532,598,1856,1882]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">types</typeStatus>
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: those with small ovoid to octagonal disc, perforated by four large and 1–2 small holes alternating with the large ones, and those with more (15–20), small peripheral holes. Introvert tube feet with tables with reduced spire and perforated plates of various shapes and sizes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31156A9FFA64B14FF0C24CFFE9FB2B1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA64B14FF0C24CFFE9FB2B1" blockId="9.[151,1437,1706,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA64B14FF0C24CFFEC4B28B" bold="true" box="[196,351,1968,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology:</emphasis>
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The name
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA64B14FE2624CEFDC2B28B" box="[494,601,1969,1994]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA64B14FE2624CEFDC2B28B" box="[494,601,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">albicans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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refers to the yellow-whitish colouration of the body wall and the introvert.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF7455AAFFA54B17FF0C2639FA0AB01C" box="[196,1425,1350,1374]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194054/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[336,1253,208,1314]" targetPageId="10">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA54B17FF0C2639FA0AB01C" blockId="10.[196,1425,1350,1374]" box="[196,1425,1350,1374]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA54B17FF0C2639FEDDB01F" bold="true" box="[196,326,1350,1374]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA54B17FE852638FDB8B01F" box="[333,547,1351,1374]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA54B17FE852638FDB8B01F" box="[333,547,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Massinium albicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C644BFFA54B17FDE12639FDE4B01F" box="[553,639,1350,1374]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA54B17FDE12639FDE4B01F" bold="true" box="[553,639,1350,1374]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype. Calcareous ring. (PV=Polian vesicle; SC=stone canal; G=gut).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31156A9FFA54B16FF0C26F4FE1CB116" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA54B16FF0C26F4FE58B5BD" blockId="10.[151,1437,1419,2006]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,152,1895]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA54B17FF0C26F4FE4FB0E4" bold="true" box="[196,468,1419,1445]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA54B17FF0C26F4FEADB0E4" box="[196,310,1419,1445]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen entire, well-preserved, but calcareous ring detached from introvert due to previous dissection. Body wall firm, rather thick (
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FCF926CEFC05B08A" box="[817,926,1457,1483]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), slightly rough to the touch. Body form cylindrical, U-shaped, slightly contracted, bloated, with narrow anterior and posterior ends. Introvert well extended, attached to main body. Length of specimen along ventral surface
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FBDE2683FBE0B357" box="[1046,1147,1532,1558]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
||
; along dorsal surface
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FAB62683FF53B37A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 mm</quantity>
|
||
; height of mid-body
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FE09255EFD8CB37A" box="[449,535,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
; anterior and posterior ends approximately 35 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FBBA255EFB5EB37A" box="[1138,1221,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; introvert
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FAB6255EFF5EB321" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Colouration of body and introvert yellowish white. Tube feet of body wall yellowish, numerous, small, mostly retracted except on bloated ventral portion, uniformly scattered over entire body, very small suckers. Tube feet of introvert brownish, darker proximally, aligned in radial areas in two well-defined rows, absent in distal
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FE9C25C9FE36B391" box="[340,429,1718,1744]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Tentacles 20, according to original description, 10 large, 10 small, arranged in two circles; outer tentacles
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FE7225A3FDA4B3B7" box="[442,575,1756,1782]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="35.0">35–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, shaft whitish with brownish annulations at base, ramifications blackish; inner tentacles arranged in pairs in the radii, uniform white,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FC39247EFBCEB25A" box="[1009,1109,1793,1819]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Anus small, perhaps surrounded by five (only three counted) small, slender, well calcified teeth, each flanked by a group of terminal podia. Calcareous ring (fig. 7)
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FDBB2433FD5CB227" box="[627,711,1868,1894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, tubular with radial and interradial plates fused for five sevenths of the length of calcareous ring, radials prolonged and their processes fused posteriorly, fragmentation of calcareous ring not obvious due to encapsulating thick membrane. Polian vesicles four, three long ones, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA54B17FEA824C3FE58B297" box="[352,451,1980,2006]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="105.0">105 mm</quantity>
|
||
(one terminally bifid), and one short, white. Stone canals two, one small, 3.5 mm long, poorly calcified, the other considerably elongated,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA44B16FCE323E7FCE6B5F3" box="[811,893,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and well calcified, both arising together, each inperceptably merging into the madreporite. Introvert retractor muscles thick and short, originating at anterior third of the body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA44B16FF0C2277FAA5B613" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FF0C2277FE2DB460" box="[196,438,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ossicle assemblage</emphasis>
|
||
. Body wall deposits, 15–50 Μm long, site dependent: anterior deposits comprise predominantly pseudobuttons and some rosettes (fig. 5A), mid-body wall deposits additionally comprise elongated pseudobuttons with few holes (fig. 5B, 6A&B), posterior deposits comprise mostly rosettes (fig. 5C). Ventral tube feet with irregular perforated plates (fig. 5D) and small, 15–20 Μm long, pseudobuttons (fig 5E). Introvert with tables (figs 5F, 6C) and very scarce rosettes of only 20–25 Μm long. Tables with round to oval smooth discs, 70–90 Μm long, perforated by four central holes of which two are larger than the alternating two, and numerous smaller holes in 2–3 peripheral circles; spire two-pillared, medium to high, with 1–2 cross-bars, terminating in two or more, often diverging, toothed projections. Tube feet of introvert with rosettes, tables and multilocular plates (figs 5G–J, 6D–E). Rosettes simple to complex, 20–40 Μm long, open
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA44B16FF1F2127FE97B733" box="[215,268,600,626]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, with distal endings mostly swollen (fig. 5G, 6D). Multilocular plates of various shapes, 50–150 Μm long, with mostly larger central perforations and no branched ends (fig. 5J, 6E). Tables scarce, if present, of introvert
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA44B16FECC21DDFEADB7FD" box="[260,310,674,700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
with discs complete, but spire mostly reduced to knobs (fig. 5H, 6E). Peristome with complex, elongated rosettes, 30–60 Μm long, with swollen distal endings, often anastamosing (figs 5K, 6E). Shaft and tips of large and small tentacles with deposits similar to those of peristome (fig. 5L). Longitudinal muscles of body wall with rods, rosette-like plates and pseudobuttons. Longitudinal muscles of introvert and of cloacal retractor muscles (fig. 5N) with rosettes only. Gonoduct with rosettes and lattice-like plates (fig. 5M).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA44B16FF0C2022FACCB6DD" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA44B16FF0C2022FEADB636" box="[196,310,861,887]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
description (2 complete specimens). Morphology as in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA44B16FC002022FBA9B636" box="[968,1074,861,887]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The ossicle assemblage could not be assessed due to preservation in acidic Bouin’s fluid which dissolved all the calcareous structures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA44B16FF0C20D8FE1CB116" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FF0C20D8FEAAB680" bold="true" box="[196,305,935,961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ecology:</emphasis>
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FE1F20D7FCADB683" author="Feral" box="[471,822,936,962]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Feral, J. - P. & Cherbonnier, G. (1986) Les holothurides. In: Guille, Laboute & Menou (eds), Guide des etoiles de mer, oursins et autres echinodermes du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie, ORSTOM, Paris, 55 - 107." type="book chapter" year="1986">Féral and Cherbonnier (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this species lives buried in sand or mud on the outer slope of the reef. They further report that in high current environments population density is low, whereas in calmer conditions population density is high and that the species is still visible during the day, but more active during the night. Although listed as rare, the authors report its presence around the whole of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C45B2FFA44B16FB162767FA03B173" box="[1246,1432,1048,1074]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3A8C7FFA44B16FEEF2742FE19B116" box="[295,386,1085,1111]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="16.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="3.0">
|
||
3–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DCEABFFA44B16FE8B2742FE19B116" box="[323,386,1085,1111]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">30 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31156A9FFA44B16FF0C271DFC82B226" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA44B16FF0C271DFD08B0B3" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FF0C271DFEDBB13D" bold="true" box="[196,320,1122,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FE81271DFDA8B13D" author="Cherbonnier" box="[329,563,1122,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1980) Holothuries de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 4 eme serie 2, section A (3), 615 - 667." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherbonnier (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the ossicle assemblage of the introvert of his New Caledonian specimen differs from that described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FD4C27F7FCAAB1E3" author="Sluiter" box="[644,817,1160,1186]" pageId="11" pageNumber="19" refString="Sluiter, C. P. (1901) Die Holothurien der Siboga Expedition. Siboga Expedition, 44, 1 - 142, 10 pls." type="journal article" year="1901">Sluiter (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FCF627F7FBB5B1E3" author="Cherbonnier" box="[830,1070,1160,1186]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1980) Holothuries de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 4 eme serie 2, section A (3), 615 - 667." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherbonnier (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
therefore examined the slides prepared by Sluiter and discovered that, in addition to the tables with a small ovoid to octagonal disc, perforated by four large holes and 1–2 small perforations alternating with the large holes, numerous other tables with more (15–20), small peripheral holes were also present in the introvert of his New Caledonian specimen (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FEF62662FD83B076" author="Cherbonnier" box="[318,536,1309,1335]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1980) Holothuries de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 4 eme serie 2, section A (3), 615 - 667." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherbonnier 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 20 F).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FD6B2662FC17B076" author="Cherbonnier" box="[675,908,1309,1335]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1980) Holothuries de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 4 eme serie 2, section A (3), 615 - 667." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherbonnier (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
further noted that the spire of these tables is rather low, ending in four short smooth to spiny points (Cf
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FC8E263DFB85B01D" author="Cherbonnier" box="[838,1054,1346,1372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Echinodermes: Holothurides. Faune de Madagascar 70, 1 - 292." type="journal article" year="1988">Cherbonnier 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 20K). However, in Sluiter’s preparations he failed to locate tables that have their disc and spire similar to those he illustrates (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FF5F26F2FEF4B0E6" author="Cherbonnier" box="[151,367,1421,1447]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1980) Holothuries de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 4 eme serie 2, section A (3), 615 - 667." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherbonnier 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 20 F,J,L,N). He correctly questioned if his, Sluiter’s or Domantay’s (1933) records are the true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA44B16FF3326CCFE1DB08D" box="[251,390,1459,1484]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Neothyonidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="magnum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FF3326CCFE1DB08D" box="[251,390,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">N. magnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. After examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA44B16FD0026CDFCAFB08D" box="[712,820,1458,1484]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, he concluded that the tables in the introvert of his material correspond best with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0BB80FFA44B16FDED26A7FD14B0B3" box="[549,655,1496,1522]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA44B16FF0C2682FF4FB203" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
We disagree with Cherbonnier’s (1980) decision because the tables in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C45B2FFA44B16FBF02682FB6BB356" box="[1080,1264,1533,1559]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
material, here described as a new species, have their discs perforated with more holes and show the spires terminating in pronounced tooth-like projections. Moreover, we note there is a marked difference in the plate-like deposits of the introvert tube feet of the of the two species. While those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA44B16FC602512FBAEB3C7" box="[936,1077,1645,1670]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Neothyonidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="magnum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FC602512FBAEB3C7" box="[936,1077,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">M. magnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are highly irregular with their terminal ends branched (figs 1C, 2C), those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA44B16FD0725ECFCC7B3ED" box="[719,860,1683,1708]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FD0725ECFCC7B3ED" box="[719,860,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">M. albicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more regular, never with branched terminal ends, and with much more smaller perforations (figs 5J, 6F). Moreover, the peristomial deposits in both species vary considerably (cf. figs 1D, 2D with figs 5K, 6F). Lastly, the colouration of the introvert of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA44B16FAB425A2FF67B25D" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FAB425A2FF67B25D" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">M. albicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA44B16FEF0247CFE5DB25D" box="[312,454,1795,1820]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Neothyonidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="magnum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FEF0247CFE5DB25D" box="[312,454,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">M. magnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is markedly different (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FCCC247DFC3BB25D" author="Massin" box="[772,928,1794,1820]" pageId="11" pageNumber="19" refString="Massin, C. (1999) Reef-dwelling Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) of the Spermonde Archipelago (South-West Sulawesi, Indonesia). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 329, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1999">Massin 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig 113a with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A78D3FFA44B16FB9E247DFA03B25D" author="Cherbonnier" box="[1110,1432,1794,1820]" pageId="11" pageNumber="18" refString="Feral, J. - P. & Cherbonnier, G. (1986) Les holothurides. In: Guille, Laboute & Menou (eds), Guide des etoiles de mer, oursins et autres echinodermes du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie, ORSTOM, Paris, 55 - 107." type="book chapter" year="1986">Cherbonnier & Féral 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 103).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB40522FFA44B16FF0C2432FC82B226" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1895]" box="[196,793,1869,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B7EA1FFA44B16FF0C2432FED5B227" box="[196,334,1869,1894]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Massinium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="albicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FD930FFA44B16FF0C2432FED5B227" box="[196,334,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">M. albicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is perhaps endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C45B2FFA44B16FD932432FC8EB226" box="[603,789,1869,1895]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |