539 lines
59 KiB
XML
539 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="F8A1E620F1C356BE00ACD3085F2587A8" ID-DOI="10.1206/4015.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12171426" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1718827081284" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2024" docId="0387351BFFEDFFACF6075DA7FEF7FC91" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2024.4015.1-43.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2024 (4015)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2024/issue-4015/4015.1/The-Drosophila-Sophophora-obscura-species-group-in-the-Americas-Diptera/10.1206/4015.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Drosophila (Sophophora) azteca Sturtevant and Dobzhansky 1936" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FFBE4D63FFFDFFB9F7345809FFBBFF97" masterDocTitle="The Drosophila (Sophophora) obscura species group in the Americas (Diptera: Drosophilidae): review, revisions, and three new species" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1718827702117" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="CAD9E0696C83114A0BFD4CA47A4165F2">The Drosophila (Sophophora) obscura species group in the Americas (Diptera: Drosophilidae): review, revisions, and three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5CF78DE2CF3074CD65A4788487FD1BCB">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F86DECCC228B82A7D2E18F753E61DAF4">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="20C678C7C06BD81C48070AC2553EC351">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC2457356063116366C1ECE3208EB925">2024-05-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DC31297DFF9C100B2FD270A40EF62A92">2024</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1A75216BCEA0AAECC969C4A33E43FC6B">4015</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="7B0EF13DBC8B7481D8944AA1EFD81773">https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2024/issue-4015/4015.1/The-Drosophila-Sophophora-obscura-species-group-in-the-Americas-Diptera/10.1206/4015.1.full</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8679D855F36300E6E4088E427AF11314">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5F83394D6E2D22C5C89A3643B6D011D2" type="DOI">10.1206/4015.1</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C334D786FFEDFFA9F6075DA7FC4EFA5F" box="[307,1013,1454,1480]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEDFFA9F6075DA7FC4EFA5F" blockId="16.[307,1013,1454,1480]" box="[307,1013,1454,1480]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0D93361FFEDFFA9F6075DA7FC4EFA5F" box="[307,1013,1454,1480]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEDFFA9F6075DA7FC4EFA5F" ID-CoL="8BX7B" authority="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[307,1013,1454,1480]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca" subGenus="Sophophora">
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEDFFA9F6075DA7FE0AFA5F" box="[307,433,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Drosophila</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEDFFA9F6F75DA7FDF0FA5F" box="[451,587,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sophophora</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEDFFA9F56A5DA6FD1DFA5F" box="[606,678,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">azteca</emphasis>
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Sturtevant and Dobzhansky
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C334D786FFEDFFA9F5385DEFFCA7F997" box="[524,796,1510,1536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEDFFA9F5385DEFFCA7F997" blockId="16.[524,796,1510,1536]" box="[524,796,1510,1536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0D93361FFEDFFA9F5385DEFFCA7F997" box="[524,796,1510,1536]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="7">
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<figureCitation id="13159888FFEDFFA9F5385DEFFD35F997" box="[524,654,1510,1536]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[110,152,1343,1364]" captionTargetBox="[183,1175,246,1308]" captionTargetId="figure-174@15.[108,1212,224,1317]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. Oviscapts and spermathecae (lateral views) of species in the affinis subgroup, with apical details for three species. A. D. affinis (ASG 28); B. D. athabasca (ASG 30); C. D. azteca (ASG 15); D. D. chibcha, n. sp. (ASG 17); E. D. dobzhanskii (ASG 33); F. D. narragansett (ASG 11); G. D. tolteca (ASG 24)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171461/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figures 7C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13159888FFEDFFA9F5AE5DEFFD5BF997" box="[666,736,1510,1536]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[108,149,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[173,1210,226,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-6@17.[108,1212,224,1581]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 9. Protarsal male sex combs (tarsomeres ta1 and ta2, and ta3 for D. chibcha from Peru) of species in the affinis subgroup. A. D. affinis (ASG 29); B. D. algonquin (ASG 32); C. D. athabasca (ASG 31); D. D. azteca (ASG 13: San Franciso, CA); E. D. azteca (ASG 06: Leticia, Colombia); F. D. chibcha, n. sp. (ASG 04: Zurqui, Costa Rica); G. D. chibcha, n. sp. (ASG 05: Las Alturas, Costa Rica); H. D. chibcha (ASG 07: Rancho Grande, Venezuela); I. D. chibcha (ASG 08: Wayqecha, Peru); J. D. narragansett (ASG 10); K. D. olmeca (ASG 25); L. D. tolteca (ASG 23). All to the same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171465/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">9D–E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13159888FFEDFFA9F5D95DEFFCA7F997" box="[749,796,1510,1536]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[108,150,1661,1682]" captionTargetBox="[111,1212,228,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-6@19.[108,1212,224,1634]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 11. Epandria (male tergite VIII) and associated structures in representative species of the affinis subgroup. A. D. affinis (ASG 29); B. D. affinis, detail of A; C. D. azteca (ASG 13); D. D. chibcha, n. sp. (ASG 05)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171469/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">11C</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFEDFFA9F7585E29FCDCF9AF" box="[108,871,1568,1592]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEDFFA9F7585E29FCDCF9AF" blockId="16.[108,871,1568,1592]" box="[108,871,1568,1592]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEDFFA9F7585E29FCD8F9AF" ID-CoL="8BX7B" authority="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky, 1936: 577" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityPageNumber="577" authorityYear="1936" box="[108,867,1568,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca" subGenus="Sophophora">
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEDFFA9F7585E29FF64F9AF" box="[108,223,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Drosophila</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEDFFA9F7DB5E29FED0F9AF" box="[239,363,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sophophora</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEDFFA9F6485E28FE05F9AF" box="[380,446,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">azteca</emphasis>
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Sturtevant and Dobzhansky, 1936: 577
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C334D786FFEDFFA9F7A85E5FFBEBF977" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEDFFA9F7A85E5FFBEBF977" blockId="16.[108,1212,1622,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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DIAGNOSIS: Thorax dark black-brown. Male sex comb on ta
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<subScript id="17AA8648FFEDFFA9F47A5E6DFCECF9E2" attach="left" box="[846,855,1636,1653]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">1</subScript>
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typically with 4–5 teeth (ranging from 3–7;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFEDFFA9F6285E72FDF1F902" author="Sulerud, R. L. & D. D. Miller" box="[284,586,1659,1685]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="446 - 474" refId="ref20220" refString="Sulerud, R. L., and D. D. Miller. 1966. A study of key characteristics for distinguishing several Drosophila affinis subgroup species, with a description of a new related species. American Midland Naturalist 75: 446 - 474." type="journal article" year="1966">Sulerud and Miller, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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), ta
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<subScript id="17AA8648FFEDFFA9F5435E80FD3BF90D" attach="left" box="[631,640,1673,1690]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">2</subScript>
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with 1 tooth; length of male ta
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||
<subScript id="17AA8648FFEDFFA9F4CB5E80FBB3F90D" attach="left" box="[1023,1032,1673,1690]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">1</subScript>
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slightly longer (1.14×) than ta
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<subScript id="17AA8648FFEDFFA9F6295EA6FE9DF957" attach="left" box="[285,294,1711,1728]" fontSize="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">2</subScript>
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; base of inner ventral epandrial lobe with furrows and microtrichia (a feature shared with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEDFFA9F7CB5ECFFEF3F977" box="[255,328,1734,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tolteca">
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEDFFA9F7CB5ECFFEF3F977" box="[255,328,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">tolteca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFEDFFA9F66B5ECFFDC0F977" author="Miller, D. D. & W. G. Sanger" box="[351,635,1734,1760]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="618 - 621" refId="ref19823" refString="Miller, D. D., and W. G. Sanger. 1969. A new trait for distinguishing Drosophila azteca and D. tolteca from other members of the D. affinis subgroup. American Midland Naturalist 82: 618 - 621." type="journal article" year="1969">Miller and Sanger, 1969</bibRefCitation>
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; fig. 11); surstylus with 5–6 prensisetae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF51D485FFECFFA8F7585E41FD82F967" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171465" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12171465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171465/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[108,149,1608,1629]" targetBox="[173,1210,226,1573]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B91840DFFECFFA8F7585E41FD82F967" blockId="17.[108,1212,1606,1776]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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FIG. 9. Protarsal male sex combs (tarsomeres ta
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<subScript id="17AA8648FFECFFA8F5615E5AFDE6F9F6" attach="left" box="[597,605,1619,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
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and ta
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<subScript id="17AA8648FFECFFA8F5905E5AFD17F9F6" attach="left" box="[676,684,1619,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2</subScript>
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, and ta
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<subScript id="17AA8648FFECFFA8F5CD5E5AFCBAF9F6" attach="left" box="[761,769,1619,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F41A5E4FFC23F9C9" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[814,920,1606,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chibcha">
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F41A5E4FFC23F9C9" box="[814,920,1606,1630]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. chibcha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Peru) of species in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F7585E6AFEAFF9EC" authority="subgroup" authorityName="SUBGROUP" box="[108,276,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F7585E6AFF12F9EC" box="[108,169,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">affinis</emphasis>
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subgroup
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F62B5E6AFE94F9EC" bold="true" box="[287,303,1635,1659]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F6095E6DFE22F9EC" box="[317,409,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
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||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F6095E6DFE22F9EC" box="[317,409,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. affinis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ASG 29);
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F5245E6AFD9CF9EC" bold="true" box="[528,551,1635,1659]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F5195E6DFD0BF9EC" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[557,688,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="algonquin">
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||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F5195E6DFD0BF9EC" box="[557,688,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. algonquin</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ASG 32);
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F4135E6AFC84F9EC" bold="true" box="[807,831,1635,1659]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F4715E6DFC7CF9EC" box="[837,967,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="athabasca">
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||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F4715E6DFC7CF9EC" box="[837,967,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. athabasca</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(ASG 31);
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F30B5E6AFBE3F9EC" bold="true" box="[1087,1112,1635,1659]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F36A5E6DFB07F9EC" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[1118,1212,1636,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F36A5E6DFB07F9EC" box="[1118,1212,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. azteca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ASG 13: San Franciso, CA);
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F6A25E89FE10F90F" bold="true" box="[406,427,1664,1688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F6855E88FDB6F90F" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[433,525,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F6855E88FDB6F90F" box="[433,525,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. azteca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ASG 06: Leticia, Colombia);
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<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F4765E89FCEFF90F" bold="true" box="[834,852,1664,1688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">F.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F46E5E88FC7FF90F" authority="Grimaldi, 2024" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[858,964,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chibcha" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F46E5E88FC7FF90F" box="[858,964,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. chibcha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269E564FFECFFA8F4E45E88FBBDF90F" box="[976,1030,1665,1688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(ASG 04: Zurqui, Costa Rica);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F7DB5E94FEB3F922" bold="true" box="[239,264,1693,1717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">G.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F6395E97FECCF921" authority="Grimaldi, 2024" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[269,375,1694,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chibcha" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F6395E97FECCF921" box="[269,375,1694,1718]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. chibcha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269E564FFECFFA8F6B65E97FE02F922" box="[386,441,1694,1717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(ASG 05: Las Alturas, Costa Rica);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F4175E97FC86F921" bold="true" box="[803,829,1694,1718]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F4775E97FC17F921" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[835,940,1694,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chibcha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F4775E97FC17F921" box="[835,940,1694,1718]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. chibcha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 07: Rancho Grande, Venezuela);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F7DF5EB2FF40F944" bold="true" box="[235,251,1723,1747]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">I.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F6375EB5FED5F944" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[259,366,1723,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chibcha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F6375EB5FED5F944" box="[259,366,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. chibcha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 08: Wayqecha, Peru);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F5A85EB2FD10F944" bold="true" box="[668,683,1723,1747]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">J.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F5845EB5FCF4F944" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[688,847,1724,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narragansett">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F5845EB5FCF4F944" box="[688,847,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. narragansett</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 10);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F4FD5EB2FC59F944" bold="true" box="[969,994,1723,1747]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F4D35EB5FBF7F944" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[999,1100,1723,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olmeca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F4D35EB5FBF7F944" box="[999,1100,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. olmeca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 25);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F75A5ED1FF39F967" bold="true" box="[110,130,1752,1776]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFECFFA8F7BC5ED0FF5CF967" box="[136,231,1752,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tolteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFECFFA8F7BC5ED0FF5CF967" box="[136,231,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D. tolteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 23). All to the same scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF51D485FFEFFFABF7585B51FE08FC3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12171467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171467/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[108,150,856,877]" targetBox="[202,1152,244,823]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEFFFABF7585B51FE08FC3E" blockId="18.[108,1212,854,937]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
FIG. 10. Protarsal male sex combs of species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF5595B5EFCA0FCF9" box="[621,795,854,878]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudoobscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF5595B5EFCA0FCF9" box="[621,795,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. pseudoobscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subgroup.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF4BF5B5FFC18FCF9" bold="true" box="[907,931,854,878]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF49D5B5EFBFFFCF9" authorityName="Felix and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1976" box="[937,1092,854,878]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuauhtemoci">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF49D5B5EFBFFFCF9" box="[937,1092,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. cuauhtemoci</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF3645B5FFBDDFCF9" bold="true" box="[1104,1126,854,878]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF3585B5EFB07FCF9" authorityName="Heed, Crumpacker, Ehrman" authorityYear="1968" box="[1132,1212,854,878]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lowei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF3585B5EFB07FCF9" box="[1132,1212,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. lowei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 40);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF7E85B7AFF4FFC1C" bold="true" box="[220,244,883,907]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF7C85B7DFEE8FC1C" authorityName="Heed and O'Grady" authorityYear="2000" box="[252,339,884,907]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF7C85B7DFEE8FC1C" box="[252,339,884,907]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. maya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 41);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF6F85B7DFE5EFC1B" bold="true" box="[460,485,884,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF6D95B7DFDD0FC1B" authorityName="Dobzhansky and Epling" authorityYear="1944" box="[493,619,884,908]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF6D95B7DFDD0FC1B" box="[493,619,884,908]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. persimilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 36);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF5D05B7DFD42FC1B" bold="true" box="[740,761,884,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF4365B7DFC08FC1B" box="[770,947,884,908]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudoobscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF4365B7DFC08FC1B" box="[770,947,884,908]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. pseudoobscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 35);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF3185B7DFB85FC1B" bold="true" box="[1068,1086,884,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">F.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF3725B7DFB07FC1C" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[1094,1212,884,907]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapoteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF3725B7DFB07FC1C" box="[1094,1212,884,907]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. zapoteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 01). All to the same scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFEFFFABF7A85BE8FBE0FA02" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEFFFABF7A85BE8FBCEFB07" blockId="18.[107,1214,992,1766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B468E50FFEFFFABF7A85BE8FBCEFB07" collectingDate="2023-06-12" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="A. H. Sturtevant Collection" country="Mexico" location="Oaxaca" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Oaxaca" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
TYPE:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54953AAFFFEFFFABF7D15BE8FEE0FC6C" box="[229,347,993,1019]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF6535BE9FEC4FC6C" box="[359,383,992,1019]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, selected from series of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF5A35BE8FD7DFC6C" box="[663,710,992,1019]" count="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF4345BE8FC96FC6C" box="[768,813,992,1019]" count="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens all labeled as just “Oax 2 [i.e.,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA4AEFFFEFFFABF78F5C0FFEAFFBB7" box="[187,276,1030,1056]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF6155C0FFEC1FBB7" box="[289,378,1030,1056]" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
; handwritten]/
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF51A5C0FFCDEFBB7" box="[558,869,1030,1056]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A.H. Sturtevant Collection</collectorName>
|
||
1970 [printed].” In the original description the type locality is mentioned as being “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA4AEFFFEFFFABF4385C22FCDCFBD2" box="[780,871,1067,1093]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Cerro San Jose” (Sturtevant and Dobzhansky, 1936). The male specimen to which Steyskal (in his writing) attached a penciled note
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF7DC5C7FFE81FB07" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[232,314,1142,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">“azteca</taxonomicName>
|
||
type” was labeled
|
||
<date id="FF90A2CDFFEFFFABF5215C7FFD15FB07" box="[533,686,1142,1169]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2023-06-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD45B25FFEFFFABF5215C7FFD15FB07" box="[533,686,1142,1169]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2023-06-12">12 June 2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
by me as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54953AAFFFEFFFABF4675C7FFC7AFB07" box="[851,961,1142,1168]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. In the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F1CC8FFEFFFABF32F5C7FFBCAFB07" box="[1051,1137,1142,1168]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEFFFABF7A85C92FB06FB22" blockId="18.[107,1214,992,1766]" box="[156,1213,1179,1206]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Besides the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54953AAFFFEFFFABF5755C95FDC9FB21" box="[577,626,1180,1206]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series (above), the following (all in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F1CC8FFEFFFABF3665C92FB0BFB22" box="[1106,1200,1179,1205]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
):
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEFFFABF7585CC8FBE0FA02" blockId="18.[107,1214,992,1766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B468E50FFEFFFABF7585CC8FC4BFB4C" box="[108,1008,1216,1243]" collectorName="Colombia, VI & Sarah Pipkin" country="Colombia" location="Leticia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF7585CC8FEB8FB4C" box="[108,259,1217,1243]" name="Colombia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF63B5CC8FEE6FB4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387351BFFEDFFACF6075DA7FEF7FC91:8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF63B5CC8FEE6FB4C" box="[271,349,1217,1243]" country="Colombia" name="Leticia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Leticia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF65F5CC8FDB1FB4C" box="[363,522,1217,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Colombia, VI</collectorName>
|
||
/64,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF5095CC8FD6FFB4C" box="[573,724,1217,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Sarah Pipkin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF5D65CC8FCB3FB4C" box="[738,776,1216,1243]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(dissected, ASG06)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B468E50FFEFFFABF4C95CC8FF72FAB2" collectingDate="1953-11" collectorName="W. B. Heed" country="El Salvador" elevation="1728" location="Rep de El Salvador" municipality="Volcan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Santa Ana">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF4C95CC8FB02FB4C" box="[1021,1209,1217,1243]" name="El Salvador" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">EL SALVADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF51E77FFEFFFABF7585CEFFF00FA97" box="[108,187,1254,1280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Volcan</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA4AEFFFEFFFABF7F05CEFFE86FA97" box="[196,317,1254,1280]" country="El Salvador" name="Santa Ana" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Santa Ana</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD629E8FFEFFFABF67E5CEFFE19FA97" box="[330,418,1254,1281]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7282159999999998" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="ft" value="5670.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0003633EFFEFFFABF67E5CEFFE19FA97" box="[330,418,1254,1281]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7282159999999998" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="ft" value="5670.0">5670 ft.</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
26.6 /
|
||
<location id="8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF6C25CEEFD6FFA97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387351BFFEDFFACF6075DA7FEF7FC91:8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF6C25CEEFD6FFA97" box="[502,724,1254,1281]" country="El Salvador" municipality="Volcan" name="Rep de El Salvador" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Santa Ana">Rep de El Salvador</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FF90A2CDFFEFFFABF5C45CEEFCDBFA96" box="[752,864,1254,1281]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1953-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD45B25FFEFFFABF5C45CEEFCDBFA96" box="[752,864,1254,1281]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1953-11">Nov 1953</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF45D5CEEFC5DFA97" box="[873,998,1254,1281]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">W.B. Heed</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF4C75CEFFB9AFA97" box="[1011,1057,1253,1280]" count="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(1 dissected, ASG16)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B468E50FFEFFFABF7E15D02FE72FADC" collectingDate="1947-08" collectorName="Mex & MR Wheeler & FA Cowan" country="Mexico" location="Mich" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF7E15D02FEFDFAB2" box="[213,326,1291,1317]" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A239D2FFFEFFFABF6655D02FDACFAB1" box="[337,535,1291,1318]" location="Zamora" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<quantity id="4CD629E8FFEFFFABF6655D02FE21FAB2" box="[337,410,1291,1317]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1842944" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mi" value="26.0">26 mi.</quantity>
|
||
E Zamora
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF5175D02FDD8FAB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387351BFFEDFFACF6075DA7FEF7FC91:8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF5175D02FDD8FAB2" box="[547,611,1291,1317]" country="Mexico" name="Mich" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mich</location>
|
||
[oacan],
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF5F65D05FD4EFAB1" box="[706,757,1292,1318]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mex</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF43A5D05FC19FAB2" box="[782,930,1291,1318]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MR Wheeler</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF49A5D05FB91FAB2" box="[942,1066,1291,1318]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FA Cowan</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF90A2CDFFEFFFABF3025D05FB10FAB2" box="[1078,1195,1291,1318]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1947-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD45B25FFEFFFABF3025D05FB10FAB2" box="[1078,1195,1291,1318]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1947-08">Aug. 1947</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ 1795.5 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF7FE5D38FF57FADC" box="[202,236,1328,1355]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, dissected, ASG14)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B468E50FFEFFFABF6E75D38FBEEFA02" collectorName="M. R. Wheeler & WE Kelson Collector" country="United States of America" county="Kern Co." location="Lobos Creek" municipality="River Canyon" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="California">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF6E75D38FD1DFADC" box="[467,678,1329,1355]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA4AEFFFEFFFABF59B5D38FC9FFADC" box="[687,804,1329,1355]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F0FC81FFEFFFABF41A5D38FC2CFADC" box="[814,919,1329,1355]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Kern Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
, Kern
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF51E77FFEFFFABF4D55D38FBC6FADC" box="[993,1149,1329,1355]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">River Canyon</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
7/49,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF7595D5EFEB1FAE7" box="[109,266,1366,1393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M.R. Wheeler</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF62F5D5FFE85FAE7" box="[283,318,1365,1392]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF6605D5FFE58FAE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387351BFFEDFFACF6075DA7FEF7FC91:8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF6605D5FFE58FAE7" box="[340,483,1366,1392]" country="United States of America" county="Kern Co." municipality="River Canyon" name="Lobos Creek" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="California">Lobos Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF6D95D5FFD32FAE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387351BFFEDFFACF6075DA7FEF7FC91:8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF6D95D5FFD32FAE7" box="[493,649,1366,1392]" country="United States of America" county="Kern Co." municipality="River Canyon" name="San Francisco" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="California">San Francisco</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF5A75D5FFD6BFAE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387351BFFEDFFACF6075DA7FEF7FC91:8EF1D2D6FFEFFFABF5A75D5FFD6BFAE7" box="[659,720,1366,1392]" country="United States of America" county="Kern Co." municipality="River Canyon" name="Calif." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="California">Calif.</location>
|
||
VII/20/62 /
|
||
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFEFFFABF46D5D5EFBFDFAE7" box="[857,1094,1366,1393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WE Kelson Collector</collectorName>
|
||
/ emerged VII/24-26/62, reared from spittlebug (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF5235D72FD1FFA02" box="[535,676,1403,1429]" count="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, 2 dissected: ASG13 [
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF4AD5D72FC0AFA01" box="[921,945,1403,1430]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
], ASG15 [
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF31D5D72FBFAFA01" box="[1065,1089,1403,1430]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFEFFFABF7A85DA8FBAFF972" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEFFFABF7A85DA8FBAFF972" blockId="18.[107,1214,992,1766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFEFFFABF6635DA8FE4FFA2C" author="Miller, D. D." box="[343,500,1440,1467]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="52 - 70" refId="ref19748" refString="Miller, D. D. 1958. Geographical distribution of the American Drosophila affinis subgroup species. American Midland Naturalist 60: 52 - 70." type="journal article" year="1958">Miller (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that this species occurs from northern California through Arizona, New
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA4AEFFFEFFFABF6B65DCFFE60FA77" box="[386,475,1478,1504]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
, southern Texas, throughout
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF40C5DCFFC34FA77" box="[824,911,1478,1504]" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF48C5DCFFB81FA77" box="[952,1082,1478,1504]" name="Guatemala" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It has also been reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF6685DE2FE5AF992" box="[348,481,1515,1541]" name="El Salvador" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFEFFFABF6C55DE2FDC2F991" author="Heed, W. B." box="[497,633,1515,1542]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="62 - 78" refId="ref19186" refString="Heed, W. B. 1957. Ecological and distributional notes on the Drosophilidae of El Salvador. University of Texas Publications 5721: 62 - 78." type="journal article" year="1957">Heed, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF4205DE2FC33F992" box="[788,904,1515,1541]" name="Colombia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Cundimarca, above
|
||
<quantity id="4CD629E8FFEFFFABF3B25DE2FF3CF9BC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFEFFFABF7A95E18FE42F9BC" author="Villamizar, C. & D. Alvarez" box="[157,505,1553,1579]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="2 - 9" refId="ref20393" refString="Villamizar, C., and D. Alvarez. 2010. Review of reported Drosophila species (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in montane habitats in Colombia. Drosophila Information Service 93: 2 - 9." type="journal article" year="2010">Villamizar and Alvarez, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). To this can be added the most southerly record from South America, from Leticia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF6B45E3FFE4FF9C7" box="[384,500,1590,1616]" name="Colombia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(cited above). This locality is very unusual for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF3165E3EFBD1F9C7" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[1058,1130,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF3165E3EFBD1F9C7" box="[1058,1130,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">azteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF7595E52FF7FF9E2" box="[109,196,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF7595E52FF7FF9E2" box="[109,196,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group species in the tropics, since it lies on the upper Amazon River, at the southernmost tip of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF7CF5E88FED4F90C" box="[251,367,1665,1691]" name="Colombia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
adjacent to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF5315E88FD87F90C" box="[517,572,1665,1691]" name="Peru" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFEFFFABF5485E88FD78F90C" box="[636,707,1665,1691]" name="Brazil" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at an elevation of only about
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFEFFFABF3005E88FB3CF90C" box="[1076,1159,1665,1691]" count="100" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CD629E8FFEFFFABF3005E88FB38F90C" box="[1076,1155,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
The closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF6285EAEFE31F957" box="[284,394,1702,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tolteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF6285EAEFE31F957" box="[284,394,1702,1728]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D. tolteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
supposedly prefers lower elevations in the neotropics, but the Leticia specimen is clearly distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEFFFABF5085EC2FD3CF972" box="[572,647,1739,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tolteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEFFFABF5085EC2FD3CF972" box="[572,647,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">tolteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(figs. 9d, E; 11C; cf. figs. 9l, 12E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF51D485FFEEFFAAF7585E74FB06F927" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171469" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12171469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171469/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[108,150,1661,1682]" targetBox="[111,1212,228,1632]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFEEFFAAF7585E74FB06F927" blockId="19.[108,1213,1659,1713]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
FIG. 11. Epandria (male tergite VIII) and associated structures in representative species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEEFFAAF37E5E72FF10F926" authority="subgroup" authorityName="SUBGROUP" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF37E5E72FB3CF904" box="[1098,1159,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">affinis</emphasis>
|
||
subgroup
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF7805E91FF77F927" bold="true" box="[180,204,1688,1712]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEEFFAAF7E65E90FE96F927" box="[210,301,1688,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF7E65E90FE96F927" box="[210,301,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 29);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF6945E91FE0DF927" bold="true" box="[416,438,1688,1712]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEEFFAAF6885E90FDACF927" box="[444,535,1688,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF6885E90FDACF927" box="[444,535,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, detail of A;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF5AE5E91FD09F927" bold="true" box="[666,690,1688,1712]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEEFFAAF5835E90FCA8F927" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[695,787,1689,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF5835E90FCA8F927" box="[695,787,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D. azteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 13);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF4B35E91FC1BF927" bold="true" box="[903,928,1688,1712]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFEEFFAAF4915E90FBB5F927" authority="Grimaldi, 2024" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[933,1038,1688,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chibcha" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFEEFFAAF4915E90FBB5F927" box="[933,1038,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D. chibcha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269E564FFEEFFAAF32E5E90FBEAF927" box="[1050,1105,1689,1712]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(ASG 05).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF51D485FFE9FFADF7585E98FB80F952" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171471" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12171471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171471/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[108,149,1681,1702]" targetBox="[130,1151,230,1652]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE9FFADF7585E98FB80F952" blockId="20.[108,1212,1679,1733]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
FIG. 12. Epandria and associated structures in representative species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE9FFADF46E5E86FC46F930" authority="subgroup" authorityName="SUBGROUP" box="[858,1021,1679,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF46E5E86FC2DF930" box="[858,918,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">affinis</emphasis>
|
||
subgroup
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF3315E86FBACF930" bold="true" box="[1029,1047,1679,1703]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE9FFADF3175E99FB07F930" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[1059,1212,1680,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narragansett">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF3175E99FB07F930" box="[1059,1212,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. narragansett</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 10);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF7EE5EA4FF4AF952" bold="true" box="[218,241,1709,1733]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Details of A;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF64A5EA5FE2EF953" bold="true" box="[382,405,1708,1732]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE9FFADF6A85EA4FE44F953" authority="Grimaldi, 2024" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[412,511,1708,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olmeca" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF6A85EA4FE44F953" box="[412,511,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. olmeca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269E564FFE9FFADF5385EA4FDF8F953" box="[524,579,1709,1732]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(ASG 25);
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF5835EA4FD6BF952" bold="true" box="[695,720,1709,1733]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of C;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF4605EA4FCD2F952" bold="true" box="[852,873,1709,1733]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">E.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE9FFADF45B5EA4FC75F953" box="[879,974,1708,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tolteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE9FFADF45B5EA4FC75F953" box="[879,974,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. tolteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ASG 23).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE8FFACF7A858E8FEF7FC91" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE8FFACF7A858E8FEF7FC91" blockId="21.[108,1214,225,774]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
COMMENTS: The most unusual host record in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF5C058E8FCF7FF6C" box="[756,844,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF5C058E8FCF7FF6C" box="[756,844,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group are the specimens cited above of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF7E3590EFEA4FEB7" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[215,287,263,288]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF7E3590EFEA4FEB7" box="[215,287,263,288]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">azteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected in San Francisco by Kelson in 1962, from spittlebugs. This was based on research of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF62A5925FE13FED1" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1821" box="[286,424,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Aphrophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF62A5925FE13FED1" box="[286,424,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aphrophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spittlebugs (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF5085925FD4DFED1" box="[572,758,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphrophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Cercopoidea) by Kelson for his M.Sc. thesis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFE8FFACF78B5958FED3FEFC" author="Kelson, W. E." box="[191,360,337,363]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref19455" refString="Kelson, W. E. 1964 a. The bionomics of Aphrophora permutata Uhler and some observations on Aphrophora canadensis Walley (Homoptera: Cercopidae) attacking Monterey Pine in California. M. Sc. thesis, University of California, Berkeley." type="book" year="1964">Kelson, 1964a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), then soon published (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFE8FFACF54D5958FC9DFEFC" author="Kelson, W. E." box="[633,806,337,363]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="135 - 146" refId="ref19500" refString="Kelson, W. E., 1964 b. The biology of Aphrophora permutata and some observations on Aphrophora canadensis attacking Monterey pine in California (Homoptera: Cercopidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 40 (3): 135 - 146." type="journal article" year="1964">Kelson, 1964b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The host record was not reported in the journal publication. The spittlebugs were studied on Monterey pine (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF4CD597EFF19FE21" authority="D. Don" authorityName="D. Don" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF4CD597EFB23FE06" box="[1017,1176,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pinus radiata</emphasis>
|
||
D. Don
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and Knobcone pine (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF6925994FD74FE21" authority="Lemmon" authorityName="Lemmon" box="[422,719,412,438]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF6925994FDE0FE21" box="[422,603,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pinus attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
Lemmon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the San Francisco area. The immediate assumption would be that the larvae were grazing in the spittle masses, except that Kelson in his thesis specified the puparia were found “in the spittle mass and
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF48B59EEFBC8FD96" box="[959,1139,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">on the nymphs</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF39559EEFE62FDB1" authority="" (Kelson 1964 a: 17)" authorityName="" (Kelson" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Kelson" baseAuthorityPageNumber="17" baseAuthorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Aphrophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF39559EEFF53FDB1" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A. canadensis</emphasis>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFE8FFACF6305A05FE74FDB1" author="Kelson, W. E." box="[260,463,524,550]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref19455" refString="Kelson, W. E. 1964 a. The bionomics of Aphrophora permutata Uhler and some observations on Aphrophora canadensis Walley (Homoptera: Cercopidae) attacking Monterey Pine in California. M. Sc. thesis, University of California, Berkeley." type="book" year="1964">Kelson 1964a: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(italics mine). Vinton Thompson, who has extensively studied the spittlebugs in this area (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFE8FFACF6CE5A38FD7FFDDC" author="Thompson, V." box="[506,708,561,587]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="105 - 128" refId="ref20299" refString="Thompson, V. 2021. A new spittlebug of the genus Aphrophora Germar, 1821 (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Aphrophoridae) abundant on invasive iceplant, Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N. E. Brown (Aizoaceae), in coastal California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 97 (3): 105 - 128." type="journal article" year="2021">Thompson, 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) informed me
|
||
<date id="FF90A2CDFFE8FFACF4495A38FB99FDDC" box="[893,1058,561,587]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2023-10-24">Oct. 24, 2023</date>
|
||
, that “I have collected lots of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF6015A5EFE6CFDE6" authorityName="" (Kelson" authorityYear="1964" box="[309,471,599,625]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Aphrophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF6015A5EFE6CFDE6" box="[309,471,599,625]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A. canadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spittles near Monterey but have seen no larvae or pupae [of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF7585A75FEACFD01" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[108,279,636,662]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Drosophilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
] myself. On the other hand, I was not specifically looking.”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF4D85A75FB07FD01" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[1004,1212,636,662]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF4D85A75FB07FD01" box="[1004,1212,636,662]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Drosophila azteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
almost certainly does not have an obligatory relationship with spittlebugs as does
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF31A5AA8FE6CFD76" authority="(Grimaldi and Nguyen, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Grimaldi and Nguyen" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cladochaeta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF31A5AA8FB06FD2C" box="[1070,1213,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Cladochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFF9FCFFE8FFACF7405ACEFE74FD76" author="Grimaldi, D. & T. Nguyen" box="[116,463,711,737]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref19144" refString="Grimaldi, D., and T. Nguyen. 1999. Monograph on the spittlebug flies, genus Cladochaeta (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Cladochaetini). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 241: 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1999">Grimaldi and Nguyen, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which makes it very unusual that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE8FFACF4BE5ACEFC43FD77" authorityName="Sturtevant and Dobzhansky" authorityYear="1936" box="[906,1016,711,736]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE8FFACF4BE5ACEFC43FD77" box="[906,1016,711,736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D. azteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupated on the spittlebug nymphs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |