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<document id="836C1D23C9F445973585E5041EB8A777" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385386" ID-ZooBank="2DB3A5B7-4292-4CD9-B6D8-FA97EB48DD16" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1733917054948" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moghaddam, Masumeh &amp; Watson, Gillian W." docDate="2024" docId="981B8798FFA0397192DA966E37A8DE8A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5542.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5542 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Eulecanium ficiphilum Borchsenius" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="6422FFE0FF9D394F924D97543531DD43" masterDocTitle="The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families" masterLastPageNumber="202" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1733918473196" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="916C3A8B6C5AC521539C997E8AA8AB75">The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1A85F35DF1A203DD4BA5C466890B3A2E">Moghaddam, Masumeh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C4D2A7ED9E432184C7F9345F6F07CEE3">Watson, Gillian W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="033A9BAF7ABBA09B4B2F6BB6092EACE8">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran. &amp; Science: Research, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K. gillian. watson @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9914 - 0094 * Corresponding author. moghadam @ iripp. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0908 - 838 X &amp; Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FFA0397292DA966E3760DC17" box="[151,593,314,341]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA0397292DA966E3760DC17" blockId="61.[151,593,314,377]" box="[151,593,314,341]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="4B4581E2FFA0397292DA966E3760DC17" bold="true" box="[151,593,314,341]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA0397292DA966E3760DC17" ID-CoL="6H83B" authority="Borchsenius" authorityName="Borchsenius" box="[151,593,314,341]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ficiphilum">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA0397292DA966E3760DC17" bold="true" box="[151,593,314,341]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA0397292DA966E3480DC16" bold="true" box="[151,433,314,341]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Eulecanium ficiphilum</emphasis>
Borchsenius
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFA0397292DA960A371BDC3A" box="[151,554,350,377]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA0397292DA960A371BDC3A" blockId="61.[151,593,314,377]" box="[151,554,350,377]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
(
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFA0397292D2960A35C3DC3A" box="[159,242,350,377]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,687,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-214@61.[151,1436,683,1896]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 23. Adult female of Eulecanium ficiphilum Borchsenius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385478/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
, distribution map
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFA0397293F0960A3712DC3A" box="[445,547,350,377]" captionStart="FIGURE 90" captionStartId="180.[151,250,1515,1539]" captionTargetBox="[211,1377,190,1483]" captionTargetId="figure-22@180.[202,1386,181,1491]" captionTargetPageId="180" captionText="FIGURE 90. Distribution maps of scale insect species in Iran covered in this work. A, Drosicha turkestanica Archangelskaya; B, Ericerus farsicus Moghaddam &amp; Faghih; C, Eriopeltis festucae (Boyer de Fonscolombe); D, Eulecanium ficiphilum Borchsenius; E, Eulecanium rugulosum (Archangelskaya); F, Eulecanium tiliae (Linnaeus); G, Exaeretopus tritici Williams; H, Gossyparia spuria (Modeer); I, Gueriniella serratulae (Fabricius); J, Hadzibejliaspis stipae (Hadzibejli); K, Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas); L, Icerya purchasi Maskell." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385713/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 90D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFA0397292DA96F735C1DF08" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA0397292DA96F7374ADCF8" blockId="61.[151,635,419,443]" box="[151,635,419,443]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="30A211A0FFA0397292DA96F7374ADCF8" box="[151,635,419,443]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFA0397292DA96F73746DCF8" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[151,631,419,443]" page="293" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" year="1955">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA0397292DA96F73746DCF8" ID-CoL="6H83B" authority="Borchsenius, 1955: 293" authorityName="Borchsenius" authorityPageNumber="293" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,631,419,443]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ficiphilum">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA0397292DA96F7344FDCF8" box="[151,382,419,443]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Eulecanium ficiphilum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFA0397293C996F73746DCF8" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[388,631,419,443]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="288 - 303" refId="ref98775" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1955) [New species of false-hard scales (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Coccidae) of the fauna of USSR and adjacent countries]. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk S, 18, 288 - 303. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1955">Borchsenius, 1955: 293</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA0397292DA96BD35C1DF08" blockId="61.[151,1437,489,659]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA0397292DA96BD34A0DF40" bold="true" box="[151,401,489,515]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Field characteristics:</emphasis>
Live adult female body irregularly subspherical, wider than long, with rear end perpendicular to substrate; dead adult female light or dark yellow, with brown spots, wrinkled and with numerous concavities in surface.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFA03971928A95013103DF8E" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA03972928A950134F0DFD0" blockId="61.[151,1437,489,659]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA03972928A950134E8DF2C" bold="true" box="[199,473,597,623]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Microscopic diagnosis:</emphasis>
Slide-mounted adult female body more-or-less circular; stigmatic clefts absent; anal cleft quite well developed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="44CD6606FFA0397292DA90D4360FDADB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385478" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385478" box="[151,830,1920,1944]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385478/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" startId="61.[151,250,1920,1944]" targetBox="[156,1431,687,1891]" targetPageId="61" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA0397292DA90D4360FDADB" blockId="61.[151,830,1920,1944]" box="[151,830,1920,1944]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA0397292DA90D43411DADB" bold="true" box="[151,288,1920,1944]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA03972938090D4360FDADB" authority="Borchsenius." authorityName="Borchsenius." box="[461,830,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ficiphilum">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA03972938090D43782DADB" box="[461,691,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Eulecanium ficiphilum</emphasis>
Borchsenius.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA33971928A97C330BFDC02" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971928A97C33410DDF3" box="[199,289,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Dorsum</emphasis>
. Derm membranous in young specimens but becoming sclerotized at maturity, particularly in area around anal plates. Setae spinose, each with a well-developed basal socket, scattered throughout. Pores of
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFA33971971897EF30ADDD96" box="[1365,1436,187,213]" count="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
present throughout. Preopercular pores absent. Tubular ducts of
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFA33971913A978B368EDDBA" box="[887,959,223,249]" count="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
present throughout, each with fairly long outer ductule, and slightly shorter, narrower inner filament ending in a terminal gland.Anal plates together quadrate, each with 3 or 4 apical or subapical setae and 1 or 2 setae along inner margin. Anal ring bearing probably 6 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA33971928A961F3470DC92" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971928A961F342BDC27" box="[199,282,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Margin</emphasis>
. Marginal setae of
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFA3397193B9961F3779DC26" box="[500,584,331,357]" count="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
: (i) some long flagellate setae present at anterior end, and a few at posterior end of abdomen, extending onto distal anal cleft margins; and (ii) most marginal setae thick, elongate-conical, blunt and spinelike, mainly on lateral margins. Stigmatic areas each with 03 spiracular setae, not differentiated from marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA33971928A968F3103DF8E" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971928A968F343EDCB7" box="[199,271,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Venter</emphasis>
. Derm completely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores each with 10 loculi, present around anogenital fold and forming large medial and submedial segmental clusters on abdominal and thoracic segments. Spiracular disc-pores each with 5 loculi, present in a narrow band between each spiracle and margin. Ventral tubular ducts of
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFA3397197C3957735E7DF22" count="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
: (i) larger ducts, present in a wide submarginal band around entire submargin; and (ii) smaller ducts, present around mouthparts. Legs well developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; claw lacking a denticle; claws very thick, rough, each held at 90º to tarsus; claw digitules absent or shorter than claw. Tarsal digitules slender, short, and approximately as long as claw. Antennae each with 8 segments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFA33971928A958237A8DE8A" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA33971928A958235D1DE7A" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971928A95823452DFB3" bold="true" box="[199,355,726,752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA3397193219583375FDFB2" box="[364,622,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ficiphilum">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA3397193219583375FDFB2" box="[364,622,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Eulecanium ficiphilum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA33971912F958336DFDFB2" box="[866,1006,727,753]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA3397191B695833165DFB2" box="[1019,1108,727,753]" name="Turkey" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Türkiye</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA3397196289583318ADFB2" box="[1125,1211,727,753]" name="Turkey" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Turkey</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA33971969D9583305ADFB2" box="[1232,1387,727,753]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA3397192DA95AF35F5DE56" box="[151,196,763,789]" name="Iran" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFA33971929F95AF3733DE56" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." box="[210,514,763,789]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA3397193CA95AF3489DE56" box="[391,440,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
); in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA33971907C95AF3750DE56" box="[561,609,763,789]" name="Iran" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Iran</collectingCountry>
, it is found in
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFA3397190B395AF3669DE56" box="[766,856,763,789]" country="Iran" name="Kerman" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Kerman</collectingRegion>
and Sistan &amp; Balouchestan provinces (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFA33971974095AF35E5DE7A" author="Moghaddam, M." pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA33971928A9417315BDEC2" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971928A9417346ADE1E" bold="true" box="[199,347,835,861]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Host-plants:</emphasis>
The species has only been recorded on
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA33971915D941736B2DE1E" box="[784,899,835,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971915D9417367FDE1F" box="[784,846,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ficus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
including
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA3397191B59417316BDE1F" baseAuthorityName="Bodenheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1016,1114,835,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carica">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA3397191B59417316BDE1F" box="[1016,1114,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">F. carica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA33971962A941731E8DE1E" box="[1127,1241,835,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFA3397196A394173422DEC2" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA3397192DA943335F9DEC2" box="[151,200,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA33971930994333445DEC2" box="[324,372,871,897]" name="Iran" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Iran</collectingCountry>
, it has been recorded on edible fig,
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFA33971914F94333157DEC2" authority="(Bodenheimer 1944 b)" baseAuthorityName="Bodenheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[770,1126,871,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carica">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971914F94333657DEC3" box="[770,870,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">F. carica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFA33971913E9433316FDEC2" author="Bodenheimer, F. S." box="[883,1118,871,897]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref98321" refString="Bodenheimer, F. S. (1944 b) Note on the Coccoidea of Iran, with description of new species. Bulletin de la Societe Fouad 1 er d'Entomologie, 28, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1944">Bodenheimer 1944b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA33971928A94DE313CDEE6" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,969]" box="[199,1037,906,933]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971928A94DE34E6DEE7" bold="true" box="[199,471,906,932]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Economic importance:</emphasis>
There are no records of economic damage in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA33971919594DF3138DEE6" box="[984,1033,907,933]" name="Iran" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFA33971928A94FB37A8DE8A" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,969]" box="[199,665,942,969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFA33971928A94FB34A5DE8B" bold="true" box="[199,404,942,969]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Natural enemies:</emphasis>
None recorded in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFA33971902994FB37A4DE8A" box="[612,661,943,969]" name="Iran" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>