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<mods:title id="51D7CC6B2AD35833516C16AFCC780D9C">The genus Semicerura (Collembola; Isotomidae) in Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="76587211327286BCCF15A078510B4CA0">Xie, Zhijing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CB694EA36D56A10BAA59D619D709522E">Sun, Xin</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="CE2487CB0255FD3EB2D8FE0209E4F8A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3716865" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162575765" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3716865" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE2487CB0255FD3EB2D8FE0209E4F8A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE2487CB0255FD3EB2D8FE0209E4F8A4" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
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<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB2D8FE020CACFE70" blockId="1.[151,490,369,503]" box="[151,490,441,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<heading id="1D7A81B10255FD3EB2D8FE020CACFE70" bold="true" box="[151,490,441,467]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB2D8FE020CACFE70" authority="Maynard, 1951" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,490,441,467]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB2D8FE020CACFE70" bold="true" box="[151,490,441,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB2D8FE020C65FE70" bold="true" box="[151,291,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB364FE020CACFE70" author="Maynard, E. A." box="[299,490,441,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref8688" refString="Maynard, E. A. (1951) A monograph of the Collembola or springtail insects of New York State. Comstock Publishing Company, Inc., Ithaca, New York, 339 pp." type="book" year="1951">Maynard, 1951</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB2D8FE660C40FE54" blockId="1.[151,490,369,503]" box="[151,262,477,503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Figs 139</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0E9765560255FD3EB2D8FD9E09E4F8A4" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB2D8FD9E0EBDFD6C" blockId="1.[151,1437,549,791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB2D8FD9E0F6DFD9C" bold="true" box="[151,555,549,575]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
Remarks to the genus
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB3D1FD9E0F62FD9C" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[414,548,549,575]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB3D1FD9E0F62FD9C" bold="true" box="[414,548,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB0E4FD9E0E6AFD9C" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[683,812,549,575]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB0E4FD9E0E6AFD9C" box="[683,812,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the species
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB1AFFD9E090BFD9C" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[992,1101,549,575]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bishopi">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB1AFFD9E090BFD9C" box="[992,1101,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">S. bishopi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were described from the
<collectingRegion id="8449F83F0255FD3EB728FD9E0C4AFDC0" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">New York State</collectingRegion>
and were characterized with presence of two rows of spines on dens (vs. four rows in the “austral” genus
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB2D8FDD50CF7FD24" authority="Salmon, 1941" authorityName="Salmon" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,433,621,647]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Procerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB2D8FDD50C4DFD24" box="[151,267,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Procerura</emphasis>
Salmon, 1941
</taxonomicName>
), 8 +8 ocelli, Abd. V and VI separated, and tridentate mucro (
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB628FDD60857FD24" author="Maynard, E. A." box="[1127,1297,620,647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref8688" refString="Maynard, E. A. (1951) A monograph of the Collembola or springtail insects of New York State. Comstock Publishing Company, Inc., Ithaca, New York, 339 pp." type="book" year="1951">Maynard 1951</bibRefCitation>
). Maynards diagnosis of the genus was repeated by
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB01AFD2A0E64FD0F" author="Martynova, E. F." box="[597,802,657,684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="1342 - 1348" refId="ref8642" refString="Martynova, E. F. (1969) New species of the family Isotomidae (Collembola) from the Asian part of the USSR. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 48 (9), 1342 - 1348. [in Russian, with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1969">Martynova (1969)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB116FD2A099EFD08" author="Christiansen, K. &amp; Bellinger, P." box="[857,1240,657,683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref7988" refString="Christiansen, K. &amp; Bellinger, P. (1998) The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande. 2 nd Edition. Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, 1520 pp." type="book" year="1998">Christiansen and Bellinger (1998)</bibRefCitation>
; however, the fusion of two last abdominal segments was pointed out in the latter publication.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB288FD620C06FCB4" blockId="1.[151,1437,549,791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">After the morphology of three surveyed species the genus is characterized also with the following particular characteristics:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB2D8FCFE0950FC68" blockId="1.[151,1437,837,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
- Sensillar chaetotaxy of
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB3A6FCFE0F2CFCFC" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[489,618,837,863]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB3A6FCFE0F2CFCFC" box="[489,618,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
undergoes moderate reduction and strong differentiation with rather long dorsal (very long in
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB38EFCD20F78FC20" authority="Potapov &amp; Xie &amp; Kuprin &amp; Sun, 2020" authorityName="Potapov &amp; Xie &amp; Kuprin &amp; Sun" authorityYear="2020" box="[449,574,873,899]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="draconis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB38EFCD20F78FC20" box="[449,574,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">S. draconis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB00BFCD20FDBFC20" bold="true" box="[580,669,873,899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6FCA57B40255FD3EB00BFCD20FDBFC20" box="[580,669,873,899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB09EFCD20E10FC20" authorityName="Martynova" authorityYear="1969" box="[721,854,873,899]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goryshini">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB09EFCD20E10FC20" box="[721,854,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">S. goryshini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and short lateral s-chaetae (
<figureCitation id="DEB62A580255FD3EB6DCFCD2099CFC20" box="[1171,1242,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURES 38" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1932,1957]" captionTargetBox="[176,1410,185,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[169,1419,181,1906]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 38. Semicerura bryophila sp. nov.: 3, labial palp (guards not shown); 4, macro- and s-chaetae on body; 5, ocelli and PAO; 6, apical part of tibiotarsus and claw III; 78, posterior (7) and anterior (8) sides of dens; Is-nae—two chaetae indicating the subfamily Isotominae, ms—ms-chaeta, ss—small s-chaeta, Semic.—two chaetae indicating the genus Semicerura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3711848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3711848/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DEB62A580255FD3EB6AAFCD20844FC20" box="[1253,1282,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURES 2027" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1747,1772]" captionTargetBox="[160,1415,321,1716]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,309,1723]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 2027. Semicerura draconis sp. nov.: 20, macro- and s-chaetae on body; 21, ocelli and PAO; 22, maxillary head; 2324, posterior (21) and anterior (22) sides of proximal part of dens; 25, apical part of tibiotarsus and claw III; 2627, apex of Ant. IV, different specimens. ms—ms-chaeta, s—s-chaeta of middle size, ss—small s-chaeta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3711854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3711854/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">20</figureCitation>
) as compared to most other genera of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB0C3FC360E4AFC04" authorityName=", Schaffer" authorityYear="1896" box="[652,780,909,935]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Isotominae">Isotominae</taxonomicName>
. Two short lateral s-chaetae on Abd. V are arranged in longitudinal row. This pattern is remarkable and unknown for the subfamily.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB2D8FC6E0ECFFB48" blockId="1.[151,1437,837,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
- Labial palp is specific due to 5 proximal chaetae of which 2 chaetae (instead 1) are placed at median line (
<figureCitation id="DEB62A580255FD3EB2A4FC420C69FBB0" box="[235,303,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURES 38" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1932,1957]" captionTargetBox="[176,1410,185,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[169,1419,181,1906]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 38. Semicerura bryophila sp. nov.: 3, labial palp (guards not shown); 4, macro- and s-chaetae on body; 5, ocelli and PAO; 6, apical part of tibiotarsus and claw III; 78, posterior (7) and anterior (8) sides of dens; Is-nae—two chaetae indicating the subfamily Isotominae, ms—ms-chaeta, ss—small s-chaeta, Semic.—two chaetae indicating the genus Semicerura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3711848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3711848/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). For the family, the basal set consists of 3 (
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB158FC420925FBB7" authority=", Borner, 1906" authorityName="Borner" authorityYear="1906" box="[791,1123,1017,1044]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anurophorinae">
Anurophorinae,
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB19FFC420925FBB7" author="Borner, C." box="[976,1123,1017,1044]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="147 - 188" refId="ref7954" refString="Borner, C. (1906) Das System der Collembolen nebst Beschreibung neuer Collembolen des Hamburger Naturhistorischen Museums. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 23, 147 - 188." type="journal article" year="1906">Börner, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) or 4 (
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB6E3FC420C5AFB9B" authority=", Schaffer, 1896" authorityName=", Schaffer" authorityYear="1896" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Isotominae">
Isotominae,
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB777FC420C5AFB9B" author="Schaffer, C." pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="149 - 216" refId="ref8820" refString="Schaffer, C. (1896) Die Collembola der Umgebung von Hamburg und benachbarter Gebiete. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 13, 149 - 216." type="journal article" year="1896">Schäffer, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) proximal chaetae. Only in hygrophilous genera (Agrenia
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB19FFBA6092CFB94" author="Borner, C." box="[976,1130,1053,1079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="147 - 188" refId="ref7954" refString="Borner, C. (1906) Das System der Collembolen nebst Beschreibung neuer Collembolen des Hamburger Naturhistorischen Museums. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 23, 147 - 188." type="journal article" year="1906">Börner, 1906</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB637FBA60C58FBF8" authority="Linnaniemi, 1912" authorityName="Linnaniemi" authorityYear="1912" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Archisotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Archisotoma
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB75BFBA60C58FBF8" author="Linnaniemi" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 359" refId="ref8607" refString="Linnaniemi (Axelson), W. M. (1912) Die Apterygotenfauna Finlands. II. Spezieller tail. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae, 40 (5), 1 - 359." type="journal article" year="1912">Linnaniemi, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB366FBFA0F05FBF8" authority="Borner, 1903" authorityName="Borner" authorityYear="1903" box="[297,579,1089,1115]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotomurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Isotomurus
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB3E2FBFA0F05FBF8" author="Borner, C." box="[429,579,1089,1115]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="129 - 182" refId="ref7906" refString="Borner, C. (1903) Neue altweltliche Collembolen, nebst Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Isotominen und Entomobryinen. Sitzungsberichten der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 1903, 129 - 182. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29866" type="journal article" year="1903">Börner, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Hydroisotoma
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB0BAFBFA0E3CFBF8" author="Stach, J." box="[757,890,1089,1115]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref8892" refString="Stach, J. (1947) The Apterygotan Fauna of Poland in Relation to the World-Fauna of this Group of Insects. Family: Isotomidae. Polska Akademia Umiejetnosci, Acta monographica Musei Historiae Naturalis, Krakow, 488 pp." type="book" year="1947">Stach, 1947</bibRefCitation>
) their number strongly increased (&gt;7) and varies within the species (
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB3F6FBDE0F25FBDC" author="Fjellberg, A." box="[441,611,1125,1151]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="309 - 330" refId="ref8229" refString="Fjellberg, A. (1999) The labial palp in Collembola. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 237, 309 - 330." type="journal article" year="1999">Fjellberg 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The similar chaetotaxy of proximal part of labium is known only for the remarkable species
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB3F2FB32096BFB00" authority="Greenslade &amp; Fjellberg, 2015" authorityName="Greenslade &amp; Fjellberg" authorityYear="2015" box="[445,1069,1160,1187]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Skadisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inpericulosa">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB3F2FB320F98FB00" box="[445,734,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Skadisotoma inpericulosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB0ABFB32096BFB00" author="Greenslade, P. &amp; Fjellberg, A." box="[740,1069,1160,1187]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="573 - 580" refId="ref8325" refString="Greenslade, P. &amp; Fjellberg, A. (2015) Skadisotoma, a new genus of Isotomidae (Collembola) from Australia. Zootaxa, 3972 (4): 573 - 580. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3972.4.8" type="journal article" year="2015">Greenslade &amp; Fjellberg, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB62DFB310CECFB64" authority="Potapov &amp; Babenko, 2014" authorityName="Potapov &amp; Babenko" authorityYear="2014" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Mucronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fjellbergi">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB62DFB31087DFB00" box="[1122,1339,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Mucronia fjellbergi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB70FFB320CECFB64" author="Potapov, M. &amp; Babenko, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="1835 - 1851" refId="ref8725" refString="Potapov, M. &amp; Babenko, A. (2014) About some unusual Asiatic taxa of Isotomidae (Collembola). Journal of Natural History, 48 (29 - 30), 1835 - 1851. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2014.908971" type="journal article" year="2014">Potapov &amp; Babenko, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which have 5 and 6 proximal chaetae, respectively. These two forms possess outstanding morphological features and strongly differ from
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB14EFB6A0EC4FB48" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[769,898,1233,1259]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB14EFB6A0EC4FB48" box="[769,898,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB2D8FB4E08D1FA90" blockId="1.[151,1437,837,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
- Incomplete number of apical chaetae on tibiotarsi. This character indicates the possible relation to genera
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB723FB4D0CA5FA90" authority="Stach, 1947" authorityName="Stach" authorityYear="1947" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Heteroisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB723FB4D0C1DFA90" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Heteroisotoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB32EFAA20CA5FA90" author="Stach, J." box="[353,483,1305,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref8892" refString="Stach, J. (1947) The Apterygotan Fauna of Poland in Relation to the World-Fauna of this Group of Insects. Family: Isotomidae. Polska Akademia Umiejetnosci, Acta monographica Musei Historiae Naturalis, Krakow, 488 pp." type="book" year="1947">Stach, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB3A1FAA20E02FA90" authority="Handschin, 1924" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1924" box="[494,836,1305,1331]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Pseudisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB3A1FAA20FC3FA90" box="[494,645,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Pseudisotoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB0C4FAA20E02FA90" author="Handschin, E." box="[651,836,1305,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="89 - 174" refId="ref8373" refString="Handschin, E. (1924) Die Collembolenfauna des Schweizerischen Nationalparkes. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 60, 89 - 174." type="journal article" year="1924">Handschin, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB100FAA10906FA90" authority="Bourlet, 1839" authorityName="Bourlet" authorityYear="1839" box="[847,1088,1305,1331]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB100FAA10EE0FA90" box="[847,934,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Isotoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB1E3FAA20906FA90" author="Bourlet, C." box="[940,1088,1305,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="377 - 418" refId="ref7874" refString="Bourlet, C. (1839) Memoire sur les Podures. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des Arts, 1839, 377 - 418." type="journal article" year="1839">Bourlet, 1839</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB63BFAA108D5FA90" authority="Bagnall, 1940" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1940" box="[1140,1427,1305,1331]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Parisotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB63BFAA109B7FA90" box="[1140,1265,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Parisotoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB6B6FAA208D5FA90" author="Bagnall, R. S." box="[1273,1427,1305,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="163 - 174" refId="ref7799" refString="Bagnall, R. S. (1940) Notes on British Collembola. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 76, 163 - 174." type="journal article" year="1940">Bagnall, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB288FADA0EC8F91C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1377,1799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
Considering the taxonomic value of spines on the dens, the relation of
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB193FADA091BFAD8" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[988,1117,1377,1403]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB193FADA091BFAD8" box="[988,1117,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and several “spined genera” of the South Hemisphere call for further study. However, morphological data on most “austral” representatives of
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB2D8FA120C55FA60" authorityName="Schaffer" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,275,1449,1475]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Isotomidae</taxonomicName>
are insufficient. For now,
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB072FA120FF8FA60" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[573,702,1449,1475]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB072FA120FF8FA60" box="[573,702,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be reliably compared with the genera
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB6D2FA120D89FA44" authority="Bagnall, 1949" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Folsomotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB6D2FA120871FA60" box="[1181,1335,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Folsomotoma</emphasis>
Bagnall, 1949
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB348FA750CF2FA44" box="[263,436,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB348FA750CF6FA44" authorityName="Stach" authorityYear="1947" box="[263,432,1486,1511]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Heteroisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heteroisotoma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Both taxa are better understood and tend to replace the chaetae on the furca with spines, although the presence of spines on posterior side of dens (the generic character of
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB676FA4A09FCF9A8" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[1081,1210,1521,1547]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB676FA4A09FCF9A8" box="[1081,1210,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) was shown neither for
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB2F0F9AD0C22F98C" authorityName="Stach" authorityYear="1947" box="[191,356,1558,1583]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Heteroisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB2F0F9AD0C22F98C" box="[191,356,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Heteroisotoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nor for
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB38FF9AE0F1CF98C" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[448,602,1557,1583]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Folsomotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB38FF9AE0F1CF98C" box="[448,602,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Folsomotoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB027F9AE0FAFF98C" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[616,745,1557,1583]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB027F9AE0FAFF98C" box="[616,745,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be closer to the Holarctic genus
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB69BF9AD083FF98C" authorityName="Stach" authorityYear="1947" box="[1236,1401,1558,1583]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Heteroisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB69BF9AD083FF98C" box="[1236,1401,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Heteroisotoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by sharing distinct quadruplet of long s-chaetae on Abd. V consisting of two as-s-chaetae (as1 and as2) in anterior position and two accp-s-chaetae (accp1 and accp3) at posterior margin (Ding
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB1F2F9E50EB0F9D4" box="[957,1014,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">at al.</emphasis>
2011). In contrast, the “austral” genus
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB2D8F93A0C77F938" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,305,1665,1691]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Folsomotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB2D8F93A0C77F938" box="[151,305,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Folsomotoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has quadruplet formed by one as-s-chaeta (as1) and three accp-s-chaetae (accp1, accp2 and accp3) (
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB2D0F91E0C81F91C" author="Potapov, M. &amp; Stebaeva, S." box="[159,455,1701,1727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="427 - 431" refId="ref8774" refString="Potapov, M. &amp; Stebaeva, S. (1992) Redescription and systematic position of Heteroisotoma Stach (Collembola: Isotomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 22, 427 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631291 X 00228" type="journal article" year="1992">Potapov &amp; Stebaeva 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB39CF91E0FD6F91C" author="Deharveng, L." box="[467,656,1701,1727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="33 - 109" refId="ref8077" refString="Deharveng, L. (1981) Collemboles des Iles Subantarctiques de l'Ocean Indien. Comite National Francaise des Recherches Antarctiques, 48, 33 - 109." type="journal article" year="1981">Deharveng 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB0D3F91E0EC4F91C" author="Fanciulli, P. P. &amp; Leo, C. &amp; Convey, P. &amp; Frati, F. &amp; Carapelli, A." box="[668,898,1701,1727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="392 - 400" refId="ref8161" refString="Fanciulli, P. P., Leo, C., Convey, P., Frati, F. &amp; Carapelli, A. (2018) Redescription and neotype designation of the Antarctic springtail Folsomotoma octooculata (Collembola: Isotomidae). Zootaxa, 4392 (2), 392 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4392.2.11" type="journal article" year="2018">
Fanciulli
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB149F91D0E78F91C" box="[774,830,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="463236DD0255FD3EB288F97209E4F8A4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1377,1799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
All species of
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB325F9720CADF940" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[362,491,1737,1763]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB325F9720CADF940" box="[362,491,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Semicerura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB025F9720F9FF940" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1951" box="[618,729,1737,1763]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bishopi">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB025F9720F9FF940" box="[618,729,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">S. bishopi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="818D4D5E0255FD3EB15EF9720926F940" authority="(James, 1933)" baseAuthorityName="James" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[785,1120,1737,1763]" class="Entognatha" family="Isotomidae" genus="Semicerura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multispinata">
<emphasis id="74F9EACF0255FD3EB15EF9720EFFF940" box="[785,953,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">S. multispinata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB186F972091EF940" author="James, H. G." box="[969,1112,1737,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" pagination="77 - 115" refId="ref8444" refString="James, H. G. (1933) Collembola of the Toronto region with notes on the biology of Isotoma palustris Mueller. Transactions of the Royal Canadian Institute, 42, 77 - 115." type="journal article" year="1933">James, 1933</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, appear to have two last abdominal segments fused, unlike given by
<bibRefCitation id="221C4B2C0255FD3EB026F9560E59F8A4" author="Maynard, E. A." box="[617,799,1772,1799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" refId="ref8688" refString="Maynard, E. A. (1951) A monograph of the Collembola or springtail insects of New York State. Comstock Publishing Company, Inc., Ithaca, New York, 339 pp." type="book" year="1951">Maynard (1951)</bibRefCitation>
in the first diagnosis of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>