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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1169-175" ID-Pensoft-UUID="38ADEF86C8395F8DAECA8CE3D120599B" ID-ZooBank="33A4B24AF1AF4F308A3E2E757D6CCC63" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1169-175" checkinTime="1689371793457" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rodriguez-Ibarra, Erick, Violante-Gonzalez, Juan &amp; Monks, Scott" docDate="2023" docId="AED3FCA9C2E758EF83969AE2DC1FF485" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1169: 175-201" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1169" docPubDate="2023-07-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968" docTitle="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="8278E3A7-55EF-46EF-BBD3-CAD68BA8041B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="38ADEF86C8395F8DAECA8CE3D120599B" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="38ADEF86C8395F8DAECA8CE3D120599B" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1848 (Cestoda, Onchoproteocephalidea) from Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier, 1816) (Elasmobranchii, Batoidea, Myliobatiformes) of the Mexican Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="201" masterPageNumber="175" pageNumber="175" updateTime="1689372095592" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="95EAF41A91F85F74EC1728134F393D78" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BE3E254D41BBFDC289E3581DB186E32F">
<mods:title id="DE8C6CE9389D1B800A3EB0C6F5532EB1">Two new species of Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1848 (Cestoda, Onchoproteocephalidea) from Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier, 1816) (Elasmobranchii, Batoidea, Myliobatiformes) of the Mexican Caribbean</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="50FB1A557806DE90C30169AF7A1A4F19" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6302E5185540F3A53CFF37344CC73F93">
<mods:roleTerm id="27E26E7038E561074B929B331C145200">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CB6AC65DD6E89D3285FD232C2D7431B2">Rodriguez-Ibarra, Erick</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F0E59D4E49A40272BB86A220BF626A0" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2930-8709</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8BBBFB0ADC41034CB13A73AE98F352A9">Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero, Unidad Academica de Ecologia Marina, Gran Via Tropical No. 20, Fraccionamiento Las Playas, C. P. 39390, Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico &amp; Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CAD827EDF035892CAEDA5D239C7D7BC9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C9634E45E99D937EAFC570BBF1DDB74B">
<mods:roleTerm id="E03190295125E3406B395E21F295F361">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1C9E76A3EA63FBCF4673BAE1D0B5EDAE">Violante-Gonzalez, Juan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AD4813B83CB667409A0AF48727789EB0" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6291-8763</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A6A150429ED8E774199D8D7427778307">Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero, Unidad Academica de Ecologia Marina, Gran Via Tropical No. 20, Fraccionamiento Las Playas, C. P. 39390, Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3B6B8538FC6F3497E914D4BA69EB750E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="35780B58575287145EDB4881A4C7FA58">
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<mods:namePart id="6EB9542C1DCAF1A0BDCD977287CB10FC">Monks, Scott</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DBDFCF8E58129A5BAA10BE30C7D3C6CA" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5041-8582</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="39EDB98EAEDBAABE28DEC96255A26DF9">Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CF2A996B5C026920B628A91CDFCB0F8B" type="email">monks.scott@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E3C2D6BDE319DBC8B712303021851930">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="444D63D6F2D4B9286D5091AE9E228439">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E8629F3EF64267A5F9CE42D841F9C7E7">
<mods:date id="766B5C2785BBDA0F064170F371E760B2">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="61CE0CB23FFCDACDBDB7B979A57AE197" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="38F0A36D462DFF8BB3BB9186589132A8">2023-07-13</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5AE3323077F99A9A8E3BB78A47A02B04" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C42B091B91CB0F711217FE9BDD2F4AAF">1169</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="5A876C3822D82F5219FE1EA919EDDD09">175</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="5270EAED572C6FC1D1C8DD196840A30D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2652F6738D57A71914720712203DB134" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="AED3FCA9C2E758EF83969AE2DC1FF485" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8278E3A7-55EF-46EF-BBD3-CAD68BA8041B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AED3FCA9C2E758EF83969AE2DC1FF485" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<subSubSection id="7EE8D452F5E42362549910DC75706152" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9115E3ACE95F6119099C7090C061436E" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="8223DE0957CC9CF010A4023F532C0524" LSID="https://zoobank.org/8278E3A7-55EF-46EF-BBD3-CAD68BA8041B" authority="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks, 2023" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae" status="sp. nov.">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9C843D4A0624255BC03EF277F767E53F" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F5C62DFBE4D46081732FD12F4D280057" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="095EA22BF790AF2694BEDBC4AB6D0497" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<figureCitation id="991003AB29A8AB0E696C6D91589EDAAD" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1040D7D4F5EAAC0D269D1B9DD85EE0BE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B588FF6EEB047223A491D895C45FA821" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="type material">
<paragraph id="3DBEA624A1D3082466FE086E6E75E473" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="958660FA5158BD93DAE87B63338312BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="9B4213D5005E18D8F14F1C39079B2B62" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Holotype</emphasis>
(CNHE-11880), 1
<emphasis id="AF34626C62D15C936458585394DE712E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">paratype</emphasis>
(CHE-P00145).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F230B5A6659E0F79B863FF5F5319521E" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="type host">
<paragraph id="F32A044FCAC7FB233B3E85AFB9D23A46" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Type host.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6262A82920D3D95F56C9DF1FF3D9E0ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="EE80A2348C3737726E54F88F012E8E7B" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1816" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Urotrygonidae" genus="Urobatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urobatis jamaicensis" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="DCA4A75D3D16CECAC1D133F3F3B504BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Urobatis jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cuvier, 1816) (
<taxonomicName id="AF5F06CE5A9BB71914038097D447317C" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" class="Chondrichthyes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="subClass" subClass="Elasmobranchii">Elasmobranchii</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="7D31F3D2DBA9913ED9A2B5603CE49A40" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" class="Chondrichthyes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Myliobatiformes</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="61FF42380488AC4C3DC9A161A3197C05" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Urotrygonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Urotrygonidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="476205E33D9FE16ADA8D1CE2D9CAA456" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="32B418D988D88335EF37875E26432DB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C59DACCD23E361551A451399302C5737" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
Isla Cozumel, El Paso de los Cedros, (
<geoCoordinate id="5732D36350EB5949B5E835DE77A1573A" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.74" value="20.36604">20°21'57.74&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="065DFD1E13AAB33CE8BB66404679CA0E" degrees="87" direction="west" minutes="1" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="32.48" value="-87.025696">87°1'32.48&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), Quintana Roo, Mexico.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A0AF9A2EB0EAF8085E2EFEE1A6B06787" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="site of infection">
<paragraph id="74B8F0FC69C32C1D9BCC402DE0C31B2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Site of infection.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F6821F29CC31D393536191AE6C5B60B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Spiral valve.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="24BD7D95D8B9E84EF65F33E153287A46" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="prevalence of infection">
<paragraph id="8B2539FEFA93DF07B31E8F48A99AE2FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Prevalence of infection.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BDF8A362D6905DE12F4EB7A8F556F1F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">14.28%</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E01FC4C020FC0295EB6A05CADD8292D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E0EF90B330FDED1E91C47F797A121306" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03D6FC8F8F4AD9C46D03656552873CE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
The species is named in honor of Dra. Griselda Pulido-Flores (Universidad
<normalizedToken id="CB72D0899D3599A25C4CACB66307D12F" originalValue="Autónoma">Autonoma</normalizedToken>
del Estado de Hidalgo, Centro de Investigaciones
<normalizedToken id="F1D55A662251DEE4D7468289ED652A38" originalValue="Biológicas">Biologicas</normalizedToken>
, Hidalgo, Mexico) for her contributions to the academic training of the first author, and to knowledge of helminths, as well as for her friendship.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9152CE01ED3733E22330A71DFFB83BD5" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="46078A54C861B0D79BA82D656FA90F5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="31DBEAD37E8DB0F1A792E373FD80A4CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="80CA619901AB1FEC9BA1D7004CB88BA1" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="3E567603BC78DA4D9DAF27FBEB1409B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is a Category 5 species. Body relatively long (41 mm long); scolex in a &quot;clover leaf&quot; configuration; apical suckers small, 12-13 (12.6
<normalizedToken id="441D8071E227E65CD73A5025DB5BD637" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2; 1; 3) long by 30-32 (31.33
<normalizedToken id="A87E3114D3F9D3514E0C5CBBC1264F73" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3; 1; 3) wide; strobila of 152-164 proglottids; short hooks, in claw configuration, 47-60 testes per proglottid; ovary symmetrical.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="253207541E46BFA2A335AA56232CECB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="83443DE40B2CEEB31EDD0C36922407F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A696EC9EBE79274EC76F59D717F62525" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
(Based upon measurements of one complete worm and one partial worm mounted on slides). Entire worm 41 mm long, greatest width at scolex (Figs
<figureCitation id="2930A82AD4E8DEAF83F0D1CCA3BD3D42" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9F6B0F44E2A6DCFA0B05FA593AAD1134" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">2</figureCitation>
), euapolytic; 152-164 (158; 2) proglottids per worm (Figs
<figureCitation id="AF3FCECC7E90355C018F066AE3B0EECC" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F7DBD957A31387FF41E0683C758347B1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">2</figureCitation>
). Scolex consisting of scolex proper and cephalic peduncle; petaloid scolex proper, 288 long by 413 wide, maximum width of scolex at level of posterior end of posterior loculus (because of petaloid shape); floor of loculi surfaces and other surfaces of scolex without obvious microtriches (Figs
<figureCitation id="8A8598C04F2E6681E22A0D5710707D0B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1AEF7C52595D4A000A07DF964815FD1D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">2A</figureCitation>
). Bothridia attached to velum only from middle loculi to anterior end; velum flexible, when relaxed allows bothridia be in a position perpendicular to the rest of the scolex (i.e., petaloid scolex). Bothridia 475-515 (487
<normalizedToken id="C183E5339BC9AC5326F249CF43DFA0B3" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
32; 1; 4) long by 350-395 (378
<normalizedToken id="2BC8ABFD46BE7CA2407CF8D05C4AC9B8" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
32; 1; 4) wide; each with three loculi separated by transverse septa, anterior region specialized, in form of muscular pad. Muscular pad 60-65 (62.5
<normalizedToken id="E8E2B4A5C0C5CAE9C4CBA23932E87AD6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
6; 1; 4) long, 114-126 (118
<normalizedToken id="79F4E9C32841FDAF1B20DF71C7165722" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8; 1; 4) wide, with apical sucker not well defined, 12-13 (12.6
<normalizedToken id="22E60727E4EE43934D6A6DDDDE50A81C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2; 1; 3) long by 30-32 (31.33
<normalizedToken id="0F7323D0BED35D52B4CA4E0F3B2E7EF8" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3; 1; 3) wide. Each pad with one pair of bipronged hooks at posterior margin. Anterior loculus of bothridia 160-175 (170
<normalizedToken id="40826DEE4140A5CC8118AA14DE9CE1EA" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
7; 1; 4) long, middle loculus 115-130 (123
<normalizedToken id="BD8EE32F6D2C3A9F58C77E3401544E17" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
6; 1; 4) long, posterior loculi 75-100 (81
<normalizedToken id="831023BD1D6E3603DFC757BD86B78908" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
13; 1; 4) long; ratio of lengths of loculus (anterior:middle:posterior) 1:0.7:0.5. Velum present between medial margins of bothridia at posterior margin of middle loculus (Figs
<figureCitation id="DA8E2A971588A7F908270F6064E29221" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="27A1C9F4C629596C62895B5FB0368C16" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">2A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DC143FA751117C1C09B44B591C2C3C2C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="D5E04778D04AB628CCD6023F71434159" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="9F13312202F0D90EBD349B4737FD4D92" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CF7FCFF84C589B0251848655737D1789" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="E7CFED6157C1B3211FA6D9C1AB69A81C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="E14BFF844AB0B124D70AB79F38A2C760" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A, C, D</emphasis>
holotype (CNHE-11880)
<emphasis id="FC258024636A5D0230CB0230F3E1F1F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">B</emphasis>
paratype (CHE-P00145)
<emphasis id="B08173E7418E7050996383C99FEEF37E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A</emphasis>
scolex
<emphasis id="0EE76FE33F0274F334A019999B1D3C48" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">B</emphasis>
mature proglottid
<emphasis id="5FF61EABA21F73B97FBA717F73B58538" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">C</emphasis>
pair of hooks
<emphasis id="125629CC165434AFE923EBFEF616BBFC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">D</emphasis>
terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75
<normalizedToken id="0C281AA886B180FF6D329DA7E57676C6" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="0DC62D0BCD5053221F1522662B8F8525" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">C</emphasis>
); 400
<normalizedToken id="23001AA3EC18E32698EFBF1EE5A76C02" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="72CB7E681DC6D694D9E65954258B97AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">B, D</emphasis>
); 500
<normalizedToken id="D89B3A5AF8E79B6E939954521F443DE4" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="83A242024C1B2825B08757C47BF67F94" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="469DD9D155126DFF3E0862904820E27D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="908D3563A876EA2A36BE13549912A753" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="AD8229AFD6C4425493216E437F8715BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F87CF5AD2E851D2F88643E068883B1FA" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="760FD103091A9A6FFBA8EB3E0A5C02DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="25E3DBE6E089D0211F55EAC064B04EE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A-D, G</emphasis>
holotype (CNHE-11880)
<emphasis id="2F3DBC764A55B614E94995F06B3BE574" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">E, F</emphasis>
paratype (CHE-P00145)
<emphasis id="55522E8AE4EF3DA3D32C6EED2E06532F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A</emphasis>
scolex
<emphasis id="E10E0AC59B3C2A11C47B694905EE9F73" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">B</emphasis>
pair of hooks
<emphasis id="06A4751AA2502C0A8B6091AD2DB6F4AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">C</emphasis>
apical suckers with pads muscular
<emphasis id="8297303C93A4FFD1DFEC67D2CE99CEE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">D</emphasis>
apical sucker
<emphasis id="897DE7F1E681E13A45A77BCE7E2A4455" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">E</emphasis>
mature proglottid
<emphasis id="25FAC141D1A52ABAE48E5ACF7D2F0FAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">F</emphasis>
terminal mature proglottid
<emphasis id="55B5ABADF5659B03BBCD878E9254CD68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">G</emphasis>
complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50
<normalizedToken id="221B2FB82EBDFBD56C43B60DD72E236B" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="D32E62E92DE3EAFAC1EDB3190EEFB032" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">B, D</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken id="9EA3A5E37F1E37E280FDD0EEB426567C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="7FC6CCC8941714029F2AAAB96732CA8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">C</emphasis>
); 200
<normalizedToken id="765E0DDF7662D439582F015BC8654503" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="CE5C633E03B7E4DEB02E780CCA7FEDF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A, E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="644CA6C6734D49ADE87200A253C00A43" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">F</emphasis>
); 3 mm (
<emphasis id="63C429820B02F9C9FCEA0AB7BCF5EA26" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="779D9FDA2DE4147BF8D8ECCFFC5C23C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
Hooks with axial and abaxial prongs, hollow, with tubercle on proximal surface of axial prong; internal channels of axial and abaxial prongs continuous, smooth; base and anterior part of each hook embedded in muscular pad; handle short and thin, prongs short with tips turned inwards; abaxial prongs longer than axial prongs. Bases (handles) of medial and lateral hooks articulated to each other; lateral hooks relatively longer than internal hooks. Lateral hook measurements: A 36-42 (39
<normalizedToken id="186135FD5550EBD00A1C957097B70CC2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3; 1; 4), B 48-60 (51
<normalizedToken id="DA60889315E8CD7C33372A89154DEEC1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
7; 1; 4), C 57-68 (62.4
<normalizedToken id="2271AEAF9F334ADD21147C3B0FA7616A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8; 1; 4), D 76-87 (81
<normalizedToken id="D05777AE5B186FEB8D1F62B924486AC5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
7; 1; 4). Medial hook measurements:
<normalizedToken id="111352F7F88240A7C15DAF192018F66E" originalValue="A’">A'</normalizedToken>
38-42 (40.8
<normalizedToken id="A4AA5D3A636688B174F04BE8A499ED29" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3; 1; 4),
<normalizedToken id="E36AFEFBE371BEC0071288F5056EEE33" originalValue="B’">B'</normalizedToken>
39-57 (36
<normalizedToken id="7D185E44E1617C4700C9C16794C2ACB9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
6; 1; 3),
<normalizedToken id="01CE71C20A600FC2EE8D9B5700911E0F" originalValue="C’">C'</normalizedToken>
48-59 (52
<normalizedToken id="C17657B567DF3E73B48CF8A2F5EBD78D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
6; 1; 4),
<normalizedToken id="742EAF6A89BF608B796150A9FAA73538" originalValue="D’">D'</normalizedToken>
73-80 (76
<normalizedToken id="6AFB182C0FD8A10024579321512D248A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4; 1; 3) (Figs
<figureCitation id="C646878098BC93D7FFD95652D4DC171B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6670621550AC633789888F722EA7DD55" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CD6F34D85B36551BD45646F4002A1F94" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
Cephalic peduncle 14.6 mm long, 220-317 (268
<normalizedToken id="BD91A4E6B71F509F3598E43DC53CB914" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
69, n = 2) wide at mid-level; presence and type of microtriches not confirmed. Proglottids craspedote. Immature proglottids 230-500 (369
<normalizedToken id="072807DE8DF7EA086FD67ACE73DB02C2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
81; 2; 8) long by 537-866 (708
<normalizedToken id="C99B76431A7F9AAB6456A917FBE2F7F2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
157; 2; 8) wide; mature proglottids, 537-1000 (753
<normalizedToken id="7B3FC77B0CDBE2F27369A18607B9A7BE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
181; 2; 7) long by 476-769 (627
<normalizedToken id="993820688ECC262F3CC0D87ECC46531B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
137; 2; 7) wide; terminal mature proglottids 915-1793 (1196
<normalizedToken id="D54A8F126116D103CC1BFCE8EC2A7DA8" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
344; 2; 5) long by 415-633 (525
<normalizedToken id="9B4A5765BE8F13440847614929B78158" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
105; 2; 5) wide. Gravid proglottids not observed. Genital pores lateral, irregularly alternating, 23-37% (29
<normalizedToken id="B7C356006BD108A40B71576A7552B259" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
5; 2; 6) of total length of proglottid from anterior end in mature proglottids; in terminal mature proglottids, 22-43% (29
<normalizedToken id="DE78CA3C71DA9196153770FC311FAACD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
9; 2; 5); genital atrium shallow. Testes oval in dorsoventral view, arranged irregularly anterior to ovarian lobes, two layers deep, 48-78 (64
<normalizedToken id="2CC10CE0C1340C40B807CFAEF62AE84D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8; 2; 24) long by 24-59 (44
<normalizedToken id="89073538625A936EBCA8AF9FC2747F41" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8; 1; 24) wide (Figs
<figureCitation id="F49CFB16205E2A71A66C84A3AACFE4BC" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A021FD52E7095B86B4B09F91F22488F9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">2E</figureCitation>
). Testes 47-60 (52
<normalizedToken id="EDC3727BE77567CCF80B1F253A8C4A7D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3; 2; 22) in total number, 24-33 (28
<normalizedToken id="43D2EBBB8AADADF0F8BA675D949EA7C5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2; 2; 22) aporal, 9-15 (11
<normalizedToken id="6D0B4CC2C3A4B9ED028000EBD62C8413" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2; 2; 22) preporal, 10-16 (13
<normalizedToken id="854CC29F25DEB775482610E748C834C4" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2; 2; 22) postporal; no testes posterior to ovarian isthmus. Cirrus sac pyriform, curved posteriorly, 144-192 (166
<normalizedToken id="2D8D0EC909229BCCB45C51EA6D8D5D11" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
18; 2; 6) long by 68-96 (86
<normalizedToken id="E9988410D41FF50EDC29FD9B4231E971" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
13; 2; 6) wide in mature proglottid, efferent vessel is posterior in reference to the cirrus sac. Cirrus with spinitriches, eversible, globose. Vagina anterior to cirrus sac, vaginal wall glandular. Vaginal canal forms strongly marked loops, which descend slightly aporal to midline of proglottid; glandular cells extend along canal wall. Ovary with approximately symmetrical arms, follicular; poral lobe 210-500 (349
<normalizedToken id="367534C8C0DA5885E67CC34A5DE5FCCC" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
99; 2; 12) long in mature proglottids, aporal lobe 218-510 (350
<normalizedToken id="04BB55EC99B5E8224DBB186D4769859C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
95; 2; 12) long, extending to the posterior margin of cirrus sac in terminal proglottids (Figs
<figureCitation id="46ED8B4312CD591B314F275F1F583B7E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A, C, D holotype (CNHE- 11880) B paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B mature proglottid C pair of hooks D terminal mature proglottid. Scale bars: 75 μm (C); 400 μm (B, D); 500 μm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877626" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">1B, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="98D46B39A9C68A731456883C76429175" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae sp. nov. A-D, G holotype (CNHE- 11880) E, F paratype (CHE-P 00145) A scolex B pair of hooks C apical suckers with pads muscular D apical sucker E mature proglottid F terminal mature proglottid G complete tapeworm. Scale bars: 50 μm (B, D); 100 μm (C); 200 μm (A, E, F); 3 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.101968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/877627" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">2E, F</figureCitation>
). Shape of ovary in frontal view changes as proglottids mature: almost U-shaped in immature proglottids, inverted A-shaped in mature proglottids and inverted A- or V-shaped inverted in terminal proglottids; posterior arms of ovary are overlapping but appear joined. In mature and terminal proglottids, isthmus is located at middle of uterus.
<normalizedToken id="AF3DDF1B3D1BA53C6165381468F7135C" originalValue="Mehlis’">Mehlis'</normalizedToken>
gland posterior to isthmus; seminal receptacle not seen. Vitellarium follicular, consisting of two lateral bands; each band consisting of two columns of relatively large elongate oval follicles extending from near anterior margin of proglottid to near posterior margin, interrupted by vagina and cirrus sac; follicles 770-985 (842
<normalizedToken id="5BDBBBADAD100D3C5722F69732036EEF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
82; 2; 7) long, 60-100 (76
<normalizedToken id="F15A754D0F39CAD98BE0272A49DE6ADF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
19; 2; 7) wide. Uterus thin-walled, sacciform, extends from near anterior part of proglottid to near
<normalizedToken id="72971CCE49231CF64ED0B10B31C05A88" originalValue="oӧtype">oӧtype</normalizedToken>
. Excretory ducts lateral. Eggs not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="85056D7D30466340AA4ED14BDC4DF72D" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F05FF6B4174B8AD2D5D26DA874FD0AF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00570064D22933E73A9FD03902F03746" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
For
<taxonomicName id="4D367A1573B397143EAF0A7336D8715E" lsidName="U. jamaicensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
<emphasis id="FC62032626D772FD39990AF60F92340E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">U. jamaicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this is the second species of
<taxonomicName id="D82BF7DC981E372CF3A46D6EF95BC66F" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1848" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F8DDF029E31C38F8E334C546876FD10" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that has been described.
<taxonomicName id="4302A9C69B0BC5ACBB7400251FBCEABC" authorityName="Brooks &amp; Mayes" authorityYear="1980" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium cartagenensis" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cartagenensis">
<emphasis id="EFDA96A4F4B7D13BB2EEE676CD3E3676" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium cartagenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was designated to Category 1, recently reassigned by
<bibRefCitation id="D0AFA60B75ADECFC8C17C7B892A18335" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.940.46352" author="Zaragoza-Tapia, F" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B59" refString="Zaragoza-Tapia, F, Pulido-Flores, G, Gardner, SL, Monks, S, 2020a. Host relationships and geographic distribution of species of Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1848 (Onchoproteocephalidea, Onchobothriidae) in elasmobranchs: A metadata analysis. ZooKeys 940: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.940.46352" title="Host relationships and geographic distribution of species of Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1848 (Onchoproteocephalidea, Onchobothriidae) in elasmobranchs: A metadata analysis." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.940.46352" volume="940" year="2020 a">Zaragoza-Tapia et al. (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="29262D6CEDE5D30F74ABE7DDA5962F4F" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="ADEA34AF38D7B98550C957A7AA104402" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. belongs to Category 5 (sensu
<bibRefCitation id="401C95F6210B60FCBF8E1958226491A6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0354:FNSOAC]2.0.CO;2" author="Ghoshroy, S" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Parasitology" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" refId="B24" refString="Ghoshroy, S, Caira, JN, 2001. Four new species of Acanthobothrium (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) from the whiptail stingray Dasyatis brevis in the Gulf of California, Mexico. The Journal of Parasitology 87(2): 354-372. https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0354:FNSOAC]2.0.CO;2" title="Four new species of Acanthobothrium (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) from the whiptail stingray Dasyatis brevis in the Gulf of California, Mexico. The Journal of Parasitology 87 (2): 354 - 372." url="https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0354:FNSOAC]2.0.CO;2" year="2001">Ghoshroy and Caira 2001</bibRefCitation>
). Category 5 species have a total length&gt; 15 mm (the new species is 41 mm long); number of proglottids&gt; 50 proglottids (the new species has 152-164 proglottids); the number of testes per proglottids ≤ 80 (the new species has 47-60 testes per proglottid); and a symmetrical ovary (which the new species has).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="206BE4871B6AED09433E59DFE1BA8B21" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="CB5DA60267B27E4A108B551CFFC140FE" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="4C0AF631A180F5241CA0466C45DF2C32" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is easily distinguished from the other species of Category 5 because none of them has a scolex configuration called &quot;clover leaf&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="944A77EBA0F28CB34AC27BD4231BA014" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IS10034" author="Fyler, CA" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="419 - 433" refId="B22" refString="Fyler, CA, Caira, JN, 2010. Phylogenetic status of four new species of Acanthobothrium (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) parasitic on the wedgefish Rhynchobatus laevis (Elasmobranchii: Rhynchobatidae): implications for interpreting host associations. Invertebrate Systematics 24 (5): 419 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IS10034" title="Phylogenetic status of four new species of Acanthobothrium (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) parasitic on the wedgefish Rhynchobatus laevis (Elasmobranchii: Rhynchobatidae): implications for interpreting host associations." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IS10034" volume="24" year="2010">Fyler and Caira 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="51DE6A6AD73A10E554E71D0EC3624832" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S003118200000620X" author="Yoshida, S" journalOrPublisher="Parasitology" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="560 - 592" refId="B56" refString="Yoshida, S, 1917. Some cestodes from Japanese selachians Including five new species. Parasitology 9 (4): 560 - 592, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S003118200000620X" title="Some cestodes from Japanese selachians Including five new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S003118200000620X" volume="9" year="1917">Yoshida 1917</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="3CB933DF3B8A6CE99EDA9EC3ADEA36F7" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="45948C816A49BBC472B7257555B65BFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. also is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="B87C0EBF429BBD662F75AC08A4D5DB82" lsidName="A. lintoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="lintoni">
<emphasis id="9E0B495146689C5D443D2B85AFB31384" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. lintoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2.5-22.62 mm) and
<taxonomicName id="FEB478319CB5E0995094AAA1A7B68B25" lsidName="A. paulum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="paulum">
<emphasis id="8FA3AFFC99ADC024342AF9B1C184365A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. paulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(4.5-20 mm) because it is longer (41 mm) and has a greater number of proglottids (
<taxonomicName id="7853DCF4A3B649A1550C53A65CBA25B0" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="36105F03D973318CDE5E390CB2B47A5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has 152-164 long vs.
<taxonomicName id="EA2DEA41C8381A02A5805879DDF7C043" lsidName="A. lintoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="lintoni">
<emphasis id="BC16C70CACD71BC240C8DBD5F490DB07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. lintoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 5-60 and
<taxonomicName id="777537BC599849E6307979D5B80FCFB1" lsidName="A. paulum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="paulum">
<emphasis id="B0BE9093257D74B2EA40EC48FD90A198" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. paulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 16-20). The new species has smaller accessory suckers (12-13 long by 30-32 wide vs. 42-95 and 60-70, respectively); the bothridia are short (425-470 long vs. 389-720, and 500-800, respectively); much shorter hooks (total abaxial length 78-94 vs. 108-230, and 140-200, respectively). The new species has a greater number of testes (47-60 vs. 30-46, and 40-45, respectively) (Table
<tableCitation id="8191C29F255ED0089E5F2C7601C42631" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Species of Acanthobothrium different categories that were compared with A. garciaprietoi sp. nov. and A. pulidofloresae sp. nov. Note: * = Species with characters used are mostly assigned to category 5; ** = species with characters used are mostly assigned to another category, but some of them allow them to be in category 5; † = species considerate as species inquirenda by Caira et al. (2012)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5F2750B1A6CA6706D868F2A61207F8FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" tableUuid="5F2750B1A6CA6706D868F2A61207F8FD">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6935D2681B00195FEF818FE485DE2BDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="3A875C5B955B888A55174C4FA93C91E1" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="C8DC8D41B9DCAEA090420F650D739FF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs from
<taxonomicName id="9CC60053E6ACDF89E4732C9B2F0D4FD0" lsidName="A. amazonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
<emphasis id="0DE6EE173D2F8E2C5C5A9193F16348D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. amazonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="05D6F910C5F5825FFE58D59FB7AFE575" lsidName="A. quinonesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="quinonesi">
<emphasis id="5BE80F8B3DA25DAC49725B0BAAC8737C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. quinonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because it is relatively longer; however,
<taxonomicName id="A14587FD481181A6392F2B813B53380C" lsidName="A. regoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="regoi">
<emphasis id="12EBE9AC389A218B4651383D2D35C6F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. regoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is approximately the same size (41 mm vs.
<taxonomicName id="8FFF3D834537C2E9593A5C885BBC447C" lsidName="A. amazonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
<emphasis id="095C3D92BABB34E387B79EFB4A8FB7AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. amazonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 35,
<taxonomicName id="1B45497805807368792A86A90F71BC39" lsidName="A. quinonesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="quinonesi">
<emphasis id="81CC518E6D326DF4DFB5BBCC0AF9321B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. quinonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 25, and
<taxonomicName id="ECABEC98FA7603D887BA8E1D29E1BB2B" lsidName="A. regoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="regoi">
<emphasis id="85A4AE649002ABAFCA07903C41C03E49" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. regoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 45). These species also differ in the number of proglottids (152-164 vs. 75-100, 55-75, 87-120, respectively). The new species has a smaller accessory sucker (12-13 long by 30-32 wide vs. 85-107, 53-66, 61-102 in diameter, respectively). The hooks are shorter (total abaxial length 78-94 vs. 145-184, 100-142, 122-163, respectively) and the number of testes is less (47-60 vs. 50-72 in
<taxonomicName id="CB0E8AF1059B2D279A4AA4F140911688" lsidName="A. amazonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="amazonensis">
<emphasis id="24E05D74614D4C33AD6FA22FDF401C88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. amazonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 43-62 in
<taxonomicName id="5C91DF59CBF57E3C947803996D42C4BC" lsidName="A. quinonesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="quinonesi">
<emphasis id="1ACD27F0F19D0C50D20FBC337FD15B0C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. quinonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 47-70). The new species differs also from
<taxonomicName id="6D95CFDC9695F2BBA4B852806D1FDE4A" lsidName="A. manteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="manteri">
<emphasis id="57C05710E52DD00B8CC23ED4B7B3648E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. manteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because that species is slightly longer (the new species is 41 mm long vs.
<taxonomicName id="3CB56333402612C315F4449D9CE4B7AB" lsidName="A. manteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="manteri">
<emphasis id="EFCE7540A236D41C1F7682E89BF207EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. manteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
36-65 mm long. However, it is smaller than
<taxonomicName id="4BBD5731AF711BB6F61DE304520A9434" lsidName="A. rajaebatis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="rajaebatis">
<emphasis id="EE8B90536C37C876CE88CCE8085878D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. rajaebatis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(41 mm long vs. 50-60 mm); has a smaller accessory sucker (12-13 long by 30-32 wide vs. 198 and 312 in diameter), shorter hooks (total abaxial length 78-94 vs. 175 and 305 and fewer testes per proglottids (47-60 vs. 55-74 and 58-85). Finally, it differs in the number of proglottids but there is some overlap in range (152-164 for
<taxonomicName id="35A8D8395EECB1F811CF097610F171F6" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="8FC17CB7EC4053C1AB1C5140224F4961" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. vs. 120-170 for
<taxonomicName id="0995D9AC71409BAEC4E393F520076E9F" lsidName="A. manteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="manteri">
<emphasis id="5D2799A7A63A7FE39276C99C98D1DCAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. manteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 80-120 for
<taxonomicName id="AAC88F5FD2D70485200DBD57F7F6455D" lsidName="A. rajaebatis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="rajaebatis">
<emphasis id="B123965ADB348F80E2591B42214ED292" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. rajaebatis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E7DB83658AABC7A625B8E5DB199EC32" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
The new species is different from
<taxonomicName id="BFF78E05A43BD7ED7068C874D50C7DC0" lsidName="A. franus" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="franus">
<emphasis id="B59C880CE863CA72E3762ED310CB65C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. franus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(16-40 long, 68-141 proglottids) and
<taxonomicName id="ABFDCA9E217ABD461AF23B787BD4A996" lsidName="A. psammobati" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="psammobati">
<emphasis id="6982E8C14A695373CE52409A8C2323A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. psammobati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(34 long, 90 proglottids) by being longer and having a greater number of proglottids.
<taxonomicName id="179F852285B49491CAB630087FA1DB87" authorityName="Marques, Centritto &amp; Stewart" authorityYear="1997" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium inbiorium" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="inbiorium">
<emphasis id="17FB49560DCA6C53C382EB653C507FF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium inbiorium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(28-82 long, 156-223 number of proglottids) is longer and has a greater number of proglottids than
<taxonomicName id="650DB2D9FF00C43F238BFC92EF607FC3" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="988EB1DD194FB0694324EB05888A0ACA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="BB80FF7B698F6EA9C5139DBE89DAEA02" lsidName="A. franus" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="franus">
<emphasis id="41C939130833FA5EB93591FBAE125E03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. franus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0A7648E5E67922100794FB3DB721C3A9" lsidName="A. psammobati" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="psammobati">
<emphasis id="E733C3D519AA5DEB2128CE03DE62B15C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. psammobati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="31E8DBC69F84B1A52DD2FD9F7EFB32EF" lsidName="A. inbiorium" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="inbiorium">
<emphasis id="5C4C658FAD6E2A9F7E7FDDADBA52073F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. inbiorium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ by presenting accessory sucker larger in diameter (
<taxonomicName id="CF88F15637F0B7848BEAF523FC4B3AF7" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="FC84E1B1CD47779DAA6736E9AA4572A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. 12-13 vs. 60-159, 50, 20-75, respectively), bothridium longer (
<taxonomicName id="30F9EE056A413FBC232CD187CD79D4FB" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="B836CE1C4397B861F6511E9C9352F5EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. 425-470 vs. 627-1408, 605, 480-680, respectively).
<taxonomicName id="EB08E12D53071C4C32F5AADD01DF4265" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="26A1D69BBEE3DA80238A7133696F7AE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and
<taxonomicName id="95E9C5C7E8AA622A3E881B5E043017FA" lsidName="A. psammobati" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="psammobati">
<emphasis id="1CE5A14F825C6C6C2FDB1C311E996378" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. psammobati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have hooks that are relatively equal in length (
<taxonomicName id="2E6F041720358F4107E7EA3701E681F5" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="49FAD424236B4D33771CC8C66F0133B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., total abaxial length = 78-94 vs.
<taxonomicName id="9C47B4663F1DD973FFB287604FA8412D" lsidName="A. psammobati" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="psammobati">
<emphasis id="57A8BB41D43A6546A9D2375D0A32D4A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. psammobati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 91) and the hooks of the new species are shorter in length than those of
<taxonomicName id="DD2E22ACDA0D26A0A9FAD86B4AB8E134" lsidName="A. franus" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="franus">
<emphasis id="1088107EBB3CE83518C8CC2F993EF021" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. franus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(354-465) and
<taxonomicName id="5533134800AE2DA07822D6573757A77D" lsidName="A. inbiorium" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="inbiorium">
<emphasis id="0AF763D1D7BB9F75D5A9CCD821E8E5D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. inbiorium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(95-120).
<taxonomicName id="C3E948B11674404E97B27C639C35BB79" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="5915A4C3F35FBE21289BCEE446CDD8FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs in the total number of testes (47-60) from
<taxonomicName id="5EA5CA23D8673E81363787DF9ADA07BD" lsidName="A. franus" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="franus">
<emphasis id="BDBA4CE020BABDBCDAD7D765E48D5759" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. franus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(24-59), and
<taxonomicName id="8FB96B570FEA3216BA1B88FCC50C5424" lsidName="A. psammobati" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="psammobati">
<emphasis id="E675AB2D46CFC3F3D644AB828BF71917" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. psammobati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(77), although there is some overlap with
<taxonomicName id="DAAA1533728B13EB707CC4A2EF3C18EE" lsidName="A. ibiorium" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="ibiorium">
<emphasis id="2A85D09539A1115D9A11D20D593359A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. ibiorium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(44-73).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4ECD9D5EDFB6F9420451C60FA7EA498D" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
Finally,
<taxonomicName id="8AB7B8A09D92FE74610C5129BA976B7A" lsidName="A. angelae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="angelae">
<emphasis id="656F4F7C2EC539E8300B673F7FF38AE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. angelae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D119085FA8C69F051501F9CC20D28527" lsidName="A. confusum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="confusum">
<emphasis id="A6A48B86A5D3EDFA70E3889CBC346076" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. confusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="946E4CDB15CA3F98BB316388C78A42AE" lsidName="A. edmondsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="edmondsi">
<emphasis id="B8CDAFEAD272AE1C596280AA90EECFE9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. edmondsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17EBC567F64AF8DDAB9354E1312CD372" lsidName="A. giganticum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="giganticum">
<emphasis id="D2896534DCB0955140080D5959614669" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. giganticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6433DD93204CD8788C123288014479DC" lsidName="A. hispidium" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="hispidium">
<emphasis id="63CFA3965AB56DAF2249C968228C5837" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. hispidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="D6D2E01BCB2FBA491DAEAF6D202476B5" lsidName="A. xiamenensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="xiamenensis">
<emphasis id="5826019FBE8BEB58906F7435EB9169C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. xiamenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are worms with range in lengths of 50-240 mm vs. the 41 mm length of
<taxonomicName id="F6B60AD979BEEAA89E8EEDCCFB954D8C" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="FDE243E470EA90858E718A94632691D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<taxonomicName id="0DA683BCB13211AC41209146647CE218" authorityName="Campbell &amp; Beveridge" authorityYear="2002" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium angelae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angelae">
<emphasis id="125CADB91902BA7FE9C9B09CA1FA34AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium angelae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="06C4AEB2FD44E76B383241EF8985EE98" lsidName="A. confusum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="confusum">
<emphasis id="732B92E1914457A784556C7C6221D81F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. confusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="11FC64A1C12F313AD809205D8ECB5338" lsidName="A. giganticum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="giganticum">
<emphasis id="F462AA3E092DC679142CB24B337FB0B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. giganticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8C878B5655C187F34C7FAAC34289BE6D" lsidName="A. hispidium" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="hispidium">
<emphasis id="DBC4A188D40E5D87D87AC0DC2D2E67EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. hispidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="AE638E76F4616733641992F96EBB2E61" lsidName="A. maryanskii" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="maryanskii">
<emphasis id="810471F864D81C82C359CF8F9BEE9B21" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. maryanskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7CC83973EF19059FF025059447CFCB4A" lsidName="A. xiamenensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="xiamenensis">
<emphasis id="92FBF600F6E8063A98AD0D212D8993E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. xiamenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have 250-500 proglottids, all more than
<taxonomicName id="81AA727AB5A3762639D2E1F878499AD3" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="81E33FFA63CAA39D81FA6F831940B90B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (152-164 proglottids), and
<taxonomicName id="C82C5669276E923E0C49636649748C7E" lsidName="A. edmondsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="edmondsi">
<emphasis id="8E9331DCA60B2FBD9745D4A8C53738C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. edmondsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(47-86),
<taxonomicName id="9E1D35BFB2AE2D2FD3C8BB1369055F02" lsidName="A. goldsteini" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="goldsteini">
<emphasis id="FEB6D5E888FFECD0DCE4F45768DA6BC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. goldsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(60), and
<taxonomicName id="9A74F28EC060104C51BD1B35CBCADEAE" lsidName="A. rhinobati" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="rhinobati">
<emphasis id="F607F85D058822333662A2FF2C4B717E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. rhinobati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(50) have a lesser number of proglottids than the new species.
<taxonomicName id="68C63F6EED5B403B65DEB31A2D52FCD0" authorityName="Subhapradha" authorityYear="1955" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium indicum" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="7489822ECBE9436ACE52E58744CB8512" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has approximately the same number of proglottids as
<taxonomicName id="D9C13F6D90520B336C451C35AC97400F" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="F9C414AD7A86C025732E56238E238BA0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (152-164 proglottids) but it is smaller in overall length (41 mm vs. 25 mm of
<taxonomicName id="B8A907020CE36042B08AB83505A80DD5" lsidName="A. indicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="4CFC664501B4FD3F692B5A21210F5B4F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the new species has less testes per proglottid than
<taxonomicName id="E5CF7E0273A1EF8B75DA8013E8544CA9" lsidName="A. indicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="EA6EE025B482F6C2311BA8C266A73B7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(47-60 vs. 70 of
<taxonomicName id="360B228CEF1D938C1414C425EBD1DF99" lsidName="A. indicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="9586FCF686820AE9C43EA30328CA1DCD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="97382D017DEE835DA9E25D329F6B7A96" authorityName="Gallagher &amp; Caira" authorityYear="2020" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium katherineae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="katherineae">
<emphasis id="901DE88AF6946E21C524FC7A1F8A1069" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium katherineae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is shorter than the new species (21 vs. 41 mm of
<taxonomicName id="F9AD94F079BFCDF1E3D2CE8238294FD8" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="F6B2E09126ADC80A2583351C7B906906" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.), the anterior loculus is longer that of
<taxonomicName id="7EB4770F6B579E5C5875D8F05B7C1641" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="C1A1D64AA0A7797DC1106419ED8C2914" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(336-417 vs. 160-175, respectively), and it has a greater number of testes (
<taxonomicName id="6C0B5C27ABA1C913F970FEFE86E2E8BF" lsidName="A. katherineae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="katherineae">
<emphasis id="EB62D13548040B886D5CD3A9AA9C1ADD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. katherineae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 55-69 vs.
<taxonomicName id="6457E10851B9222D199E79E394997EAA" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="3BBD92C4F8BF4778FEADEDDFEDB727AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. = 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="64A23F7DEDF61CA688261FA1DD403D2D" authorityName="Campbell &amp; Beveridge" authorityYear="2002" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium angelae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angelae">
<emphasis id="380AFB0E531077D1C1D5FA7B761666E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium angelae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="06D3383B91F232A14098BA177687A1A1" lsidName="A. confusum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="confusum">
<emphasis id="B868AE80343A525BEB112DBA82A06627" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. confusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8929DDD5A59496AA30024F0E0ED884F4" lsidName="A. edmondsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="edmondsi">
<emphasis id="A1F77C915C500B1979E0882FCA522A88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. edmondsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1AB6C0AB091DADF88F0FD952E600B809" lsidName="A. giganticum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="giganticum">
<emphasis id="46120773C108105411DE078AF1A96A91" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. giganticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="ECD7FBE2042FD3AF5120F2BF62D77919" lsidName="A. goldsteini" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="goldsteini">
<emphasis id="E6892CC40D7BEF98489CA874FD0D8176" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. goldsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="89AEA34F81D6E5202862EF53C5EE4217" lsidName="A. maryanskii" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="maryanskii">
<emphasis id="DEDCAF40CEF4E3B8E87EB95D403D9B35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. maryanskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="EF9E126F199817119EEEE94479387011" lsidName="A. xiamenensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="xiamenensis">
<emphasis id="F275A175CEBC8BD0A890FE4C4AB299B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. xiamenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have an accessory sucker greater in diameter than that of
<taxonomicName id="F1C39C54657893F7C4DF3E0F7CB24393" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="3FE0117318E04B43D96425B4511332EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590775802FFBD2C586EB0E449396C801" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
The following species of
<taxonomicName id="B385385AF2D7B5AE96F2B2E847F62063" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1848" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5D6E1C9A2503633DF36DFC89700EBA06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are described as having a clover-leaf scolex configuration: Category 3,
<taxonomicName id="649DE959AD5C19852507C3F5B95EC016" lsidName="A. robertsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="robertsoni">
<emphasis id="006B59C8EE0352568F4D5DBD416F7562" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. robertsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Category 4,
<taxonomicName id="CD76A6152641D1EB626D941148BC3D12" lsidName="A. adlardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="adlardi">
<emphasis id="0B5FCF0E9212D4462EC7E8BE5938DBF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. adlardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="66C077B3141BF045C4CB0E2B78F6774D" lsidName="A. cestraciontis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="cestraciontis">
<emphasis id="E9401A637B2E4139807F6B9A065D233C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. cestraciontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="415E1967AF032C658CD0A7358D395183" lsidName="A. dasybati" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="dasybati">
<emphasis id="4FB225D210158D257465142AFB84B463" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. dasybati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2ECC52AA86CE665ECECD4AD14BB6E136" lsidName="A. grandiceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="grandiceps">
<emphasis id="8BD8321854078D59BA085C9B49F82E76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. grandiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="04914E29F418C3C133CAEF693550DE17" lsidName="A. karachiense" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="karachiense">
<emphasis id="F88C494EA88EF77A2073B7473611137A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. karachiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24C151BAD64D95E54FA29B3DDA476A61" lsidName="A. ijimai" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="ijimai">
<emphasis id="199FF2A53C4C098BEB028B8188A3AE92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. ijimai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="CB72574C1EB089230C1E5A78CBDFB440" lsidName="A. macrocephalum" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="macrocephalum">
<emphasis id="DC0CA70FA6C05AE69B440368DD61B31D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. macrocephalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A13A06D6A86D9D1DA90FA640AB0BF030" lsidName="A. pingtanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pingtanensis">
<emphasis id="7B3886F531145648AFCD2ABC6E4D14DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pingtanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="12A49151DD9A65FED164BCC7D4172C62" lsidName="A. mujibi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="mujibi">
<emphasis id="8B27D0EC4BE4DCCDD817DEACDC209916" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. mujibi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has not been assigned to a category because of the lack of data in the description.
<taxonomicName id="ECB0ECA2A94716B9454A6A6027537D1A" authorityName="Campbell &amp; Beveridge" authorityYear="2002" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium cribbi" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cribbi">
<emphasis id="A7BB9960B20A91F31D550EAD73B3A0AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium cribbi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is illustrated as having a scolex with bothridia that extend almost to have a petaloid scolex; however, the species is not described as having a clover-leaf scolex configuration (
<bibRefCitation id="48E8434DB869509C8054CE467068AB59" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT01004" author="Campbell, RA" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="273 - 344" refId="B14" refString="Campbell, RA, Beveridge, I, 2002. The genus Acanthobothrium (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) parasitic in Australian elasmobranch fishes. Invertebrate Systematics 16 (2): 273 - 344, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IT01004" title="The genus Acanthobothrium (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) parasitic in Australian elasmobranch fishes." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT01004" volume="16" year="2002">Campbell and Beveridge 2002</bibRefCitation>
) (Table
<tableCitation id="BE47F0913683D4529942C3906EBC0213" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Species of Acanthobothrium different categories that were compared with A. garciaprietoi sp. nov. and A. pulidofloresae sp. nov. Note: * = Species with characters used are mostly assigned to category 5; ** = species with characters used are mostly assigned to another category, but some of them allow them to be in category 5; † = species considerate as species inquirenda by Caira et al. (2012)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5F2750B1A6CA6706D868F2A61207F8FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" tableUuid="5F2750B1A6CA6706D868F2A61207F8FD">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E00702866FEC09690D7B7FBC64743835" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="3BF539EA4AB349118C4EB7E6BB9913A9" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="CFD499276DC0ACF78C5165DFC546E70D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs from the ten species with a petaloid scolex in the following characteristics:
<taxonomicName id="41AF6B61153848045ECA20B6A8FB8444" lsidName="A. robertsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="robertsoni">
<emphasis id="AEF3C765A50D3C9D29521E8285E84C0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. robertsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is longer than the new species (83 mm vs. 41 mm of
<taxonomicName id="51A904815BAAA690A4749D693010A5F7" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="921CCFA78E9E4B354BB5391C8B5F57B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.), has a greater number of proglottids (395 vs. 152-164), the scolex is larger (3000-3250 vs. 288), the accessory suckers are larger (104-152 vs. 12-13 long by 30-32 wide), the bothridia and loculi are longer (1840-2220 vs. 425-470), the hooks are longer in total abaxial length (133-208 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (116-163 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="0271ED69FCEF633E0AF5580F228A86E0" authorityName="Campbell &amp; Beveridge" authorityYear="2002" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium adlardi" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="adlardi">
<emphasis id="39C6C7AA4CA945869E412A9AC3D02436" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium adlardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a greater number of proglottids (235 vs. 152-164), the scolex is larger (800-1500 vs. 288), the accessory suckers are reported as being absent, the bothridia (and loculi) are longer (1100-1500 vs. 425-470), the hooks are longer in total abaxial length (148-176 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (83-103 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="96CE874223E2E404A7CFB6E7DFB63A8E" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1934" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium cestraciontis" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cestraciontis">
<emphasis id="8CD4F1AEADF4706BA7E663CF8F6C74D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium cestraciontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species by being longer (282 mm vs. 41), the accessory suckers are reported as being absent, the hooks are longer in total abaxial length (270-290 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (120 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="2FF82AEC2524E148D437D43204ED3321" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1934" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium dasybati" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="dasybati">
<emphasis id="E5971EE7845EBD9BAE5C2902B595D4C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium dasybati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by being longer (52 mm), less proglottids (100), the accessory suckers are reported as being absent, the hooks are longer in total abaxial length (130 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (90-100 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="A4D1E8B509E3F9E5FDEF47039AF3D36F" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium grandiceps" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="grandiceps">
<emphasis id="63C432F008682963EDB69A7F3710CF07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium grandiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species by being shorter (14-20 mm vs. 41 mm), having a greater number of proglottids (950 vs. 152-164), the accessory suckers are larger (200-210 vs. 12-13 long by 30-32 wide), the bothridia (and loculi) are longer (2200-2300 vs. 427-460), the hooks are longer in total abaxial length (165-180 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (110-130 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="7E23090347A47028ED1DBD12406ABA24" authorityName="Bilqees" authorityYear="1980" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium karachiense" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="karachiense">
<emphasis id="C36E483AC9C0216EA4FF6E2B7D26BF5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium karachiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is different from the new species by having a greater number of proglottids (278-293 vs. 152-164, the scolex is larger (1750-1790 vs. 288), the bothridia (and loculi) are longer (1290-1450 vs. 427-460), it has smaller hooks in total abaxial length (62-68 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (74-98 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="97D5CE0E250F8FD5FF2CE58FD13845E4" authorityName="Yoshida" authorityYear="1917" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium ijimai" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ijimai">
<emphasis id="3902F582ACCD748477D5DA1765D4BC1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium ijimai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species by having larger accessory suckers (100 vs. 12-13 long by 30-32 wide), the bothridia are longer (1600-1700 vs. 425-470), the hooks are longer in total abaxial length (90-110 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (100-130 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="E728F68F4BB63D28D69D2CF10AF2D270" authorityName="Wang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2001" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium macrocephalum" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocephalum">
<emphasis id="D23F344275344B4DA503300FACF31916" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium macrocephalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species by being longer (82-287 mm vs. 41), having a greater number of proglottids (209-1000 vs. 152-164), the scolex is larger (3000-3250 vs. 288), the accessory suckers are larger (146-308 vs. 12-13 long by 30-32 wide), the bothridia (and loculi) are longer (1230-2471 vs. 425-470), the hooks are longer in the total abaxial length (96-142 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is greater (92-145 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="E5F0816F06DF2CD8FFE9C9CDAE462EC3" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pingtanensis" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pingtanensis">
<emphasis id="DC3268225D67AA149219AA2E32630371" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pingtanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species by being longer (150-160 mm vs. 41 mm), the scolex is larger (3200-3680 vs. 288), the accessory sucker is larger (320-340 in diameter vs. 12-13 long by 30-32 wide), and the total number of testes is greater (92-106 vs. 47-60).
<taxonomicName id="22D0327FAF5345190B559AA39D62CC37" authorityName="Bilqees" authorityYear="1980" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium mujibi" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mujibi">
<emphasis id="CE2C07683B2DFB862C06E86F9D32B69B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium mujibi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species by having a larger scolex (750-800 vs. 288 of
<taxonomicName id="76705825C421A79C9BD154B1776426A8" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="39C3646FB12A24779CB59F40DBCCCA1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.), bothridia that are longer (930 vs. 427-460), smaller hooks in total abaxial length (58-76 vs. 84-90), and the number of testes is less (36-41 vs. 47-60). Finally,
<taxonomicName id="5DBA520F306FE493EACE83C930BFE595" lsidName="A. cribbi" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="cribbi">
<emphasis id="3FC41814ED6DA0A3D5A5F713011C1882" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. cribbi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is different from
<taxonomicName id="F91558E83E3DD6B34119DB1E28A8363F" lsidName="A. pulidofloresae" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="0A348D2D74F828706F811CF3FEC0BF3B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. by being somewhat larger (50 mm vs. 41 mm), having a greater number of proglottids (200-300 vs. 152-164), larger accessory suckers (80-152 in diameter vs. 12-13 long by 30-32 wide), and a greater total number of testes (72-96 vs. 47-60).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB442CF67C485FAE5EBF840FBC2CB77F" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
Three other species cataloged as
<emphasis id="309C0706B635A834E4B857183B7DDED1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">species inquirendae</emphasis>
by
<bibRefCitation id="3F857D61A8E64A03042E4BE395180AE2" author="Caira, JN" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" publicationUrl="http://www.tapewormdb.uconn.edu/" refId="B12" refString="Caira, JN, Jensen, K, Barbeau, E, 2012. Global Cestode Database, TAPEWORM SPECIES SEARCH. http://www.tapewormdb.uconn.edu/" title="Global Cestode Database, TAPEWORM SPECIES SEARCH." url="http://www.tapewormdb.uconn.edu/" year="2012">Caira et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
are illustrated as having a clover-leaf scolex configuration:
<taxonomicName id="C14FAC854CE20D5EFD3458540AD6882C" lsidName="A. majumdari" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="C2E6FEFD0020A374A9E342813A42704D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFD4FB3F37DD5C6FE8B3A1FBF76090AB" lsidName="A. tsingtaoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="tsingtaoensis">
<emphasis id="B7ED4549588D1DD4239F023A458B7F01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. tsingtaoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="BD6D5244956AA58236A69A1BF7C46CD0" lsidName="A. zugeinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="zugeinensis">
<emphasis id="5E37D21ECF12A559C7AD073EBD8DB85A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. zugeinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E6CCE4E7515E41AC7CA4B03B767BF1BF" authorityName="Pramanik &amp; Manna" authorityYear="2010" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium majumdari" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="4B53CF9712A95CECBB9564F491718A43" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B21B84BFE6382E11C0E53AA843CB" lsidName="A. zugeinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="zugeinensis">
<emphasis id="D169CCFFB4E130E2604C928BC3448B08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. zugeinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be considered to be in Category 3 based on the symmetry of the ovarian lobes, i.e., for
<emphasis id="1EF65D017125AD7F738B7A4699E8F5F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
A
<taxonomicName id="92F1F6E89C4A0969CEB4FD382D428558" authorityName="Pramanik &amp; Manna" authorityYear="2010" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium majumdari" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="majumdari">Acanthobothrium majumdari</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, which which was reported as &quot;each lobe length 0.1 (0.07-0.11)&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="C386B4D9E10B3E7BE62B99D70FF72102" author="Pramanik, PB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History (India)" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="24 - 45" refId="B39" refString="Pramanik, PB, Manna, B, 2010. On three new species and two known species of the genus Acanthobothrium van Beneden, 1849 (Cestoidea: Onchobothridae) from the cartilaginous fishes from Digha waters, Bay of Bengal, India. Journal of Natural History (India) 6: 24 - 45" title="On three new species and two known species of the genus Acanthobothrium van Beneden, 1849 (Cestoidea: Onchobothridae) from the cartilaginous fishes from Digha waters, Bay of Bengal, India." volume="6" year="2010">Pramanik and Manna 2010</bibRefCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="B25726C321DEEC3F0EE201C0149CCE24" lsidName="A. zugeinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="zugeinensis">
<emphasis id="6E55C1DE8C00D03C7A510379FB3F9EC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. zugeinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described as &quot;ovary lobed 902-985
<normalizedToken id="1FDD14924D2FB9EB6081CB3830C4BEBD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
for 213-236
<normalizedToken id="739099E50A5C6295132BF556723B4362" originalValue="µm”">µm&quot;</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB227838FAF05294146A8A614BD9F35" author="Yang, W-C" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Xiamen University" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="532 - 536" refId="B55" refString="Yang, W-C, Lin, Y-G, 1994. Two new species of Acanthobothrium Cestodes (Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) from saltwater fishes in Xiamen, South Fujian, China. Journal of Xiamen University 33: 532 - 536" title="Two new species of Acanthobothrium Cestodes (Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) from saltwater fishes in Xiamen, South Fujian, China." volume="33" year="1994">Yang and Lin 1994</bibRefCitation>
). It is not possible to determine a possible category for
<taxonomicName id="C41FDE6CE89757803DA62073A909305B" lsidName="A. tsingtaoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="tsingtaoensis">
<emphasis id="36CBD9A6B3C63B6B3A5AA3221CD3C1AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. tsingtaoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4CCB36E90BD32A358EB655A2017B89C6" authorityName="Pramanik &amp; Manna" authorityYear="2010" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium majumdari" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="FFA095F2016BE188B4699280911F7101" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the new species by being longer (60-67 mm vs. 41 mm), having a very wide scolex (4400-5100
<normalizedToken id="35AD0F99C459474DC0C8943531B91602" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; i.e.,&quot;4.8 (4.4-5.1) mm&quot;) (
<bibRefCitation id="D67B80FBC664F368CD0A08741251339F" author="Pramanik, PB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History (India)" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="24 - 45" refId="B39" refString="Pramanik, PB, Manna, B, 2010. On three new species and two known species of the genus Acanthobothrium van Beneden, 1849 (Cestoidea: Onchobothridae) from the cartilaginous fishes from Digha waters, Bay of Bengal, India. Journal of Natural History (India) 6: 24 - 45" title="On three new species and two known species of the genus Acanthobothrium van Beneden, 1849 (Cestoidea: Onchobothridae) from the cartilaginous fishes from Digha waters, Bay of Bengal, India." volume="6" year="2010">Pramanik and Manna 2010</bibRefCitation>
) vs. 288 long by 413
<normalizedToken id="BAD88D6660A3A549D323C242DC7B2EBB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide for the new species; the bothridia are longer (2000
<normalizedToken id="10E1ED409C48C7CDC57BE1E435A84C9B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
vs. 425-470
<normalizedToken id="492BF45A731D5B320635D276E3753C72" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), the hooks are smaller in
<taxonomicName id="646D6C2A38589D3E806BE59D907F18E1" lsidName="A. majumdari" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="BB5A25F62203DB3EC950BD123CBA99FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(total hook length 70
<normalizedToken id="E1F3B5664BB4A1AED48102F286521CD3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
vs. 78-94
<normalizedToken id="84FB1EA88BAC9D55C5589E912C86A480" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), the handle is longer (51-55
<normalizedToken id="B26C70DDF73565F10481601A8E3EDF23" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
vs. 36-42), the number of testes per proglottid in
<taxonomicName id="6B0909537BEB7BC79C94D591BF796A40" lsidName="A. majumdari" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="5EBC1971B9307C6E51522D15550B7EFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is greater (145-155 vs. 47-60), and
<taxonomicName id="DAC854A15C1FDBAFE87D771B751FF83D" lsidName="A. majumdari" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="5F216190A27EF2DD93C954244AF91EFD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apolytic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0784AD66A370F27A7053FF7D3FE42BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="0E7CD5A1B2F62D37AE04F10876EF8211" authorityName="Rodríguez-Ibarra &amp; Violante-González &amp; Monks" authorityYear="2023" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae" order="Onchoproteocephalidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pulidofloresae">
<emphasis id="92F4B2C401BFAAFF90B26CCABBC564FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">Acanthobothrium pulidofloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs from
<taxonomicName id="67303DC8C36B7FD99CC7F6B213DDD2AB" lsidName="A. zugeinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="zugeinensis">
<emphasis id="2DB3488F6A0A77401BB153255CCF1E51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. zugeinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by being shorter (41 mm vs. 140-160 mm), having a shorter scolex (288 long by 413
<normalizedToken id="10212E62927BB9DEF62C9E190F4BCA81" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide vs. 2601 by 2506
<normalizedToken id="4417DBE1EB45535E91920A3D476433CF" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="91C123297005DDFE1D42FA00F493146A" author="Yang, W-C" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Xiamen University" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" pagination="532 - 536" refId="B55" refString="Yang, W-C, Lin, Y-G, 1994. Two new species of Acanthobothrium Cestodes (Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) from saltwater fishes in Xiamen, South Fujian, China. Journal of Xiamen University 33: 532 - 536" title="Two new species of Acanthobothrium Cestodes (Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) from saltwater fishes in Xiamen, South Fujian, China." volume="33" year="1994">Yang and Lin 1994</bibRefCitation>
), the bothridia are shorter (425-470
<normalizedToken id="9DF21FEB70547A40BE15D670452DC700" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
vs. 664-688
<normalizedToken id="98E04B2AE341BFBFD5DFF28B5B5BDC30" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), the hooks are longer (78-94
<normalizedToken id="6C48173100F6D0F731F3DDA70AA93198" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
total hook length vs. 68-75
<normalizedToken id="7703760533F8D2594D2C166186826A9B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), the length of the handle is shorter (36-42 vs. 51-55
<normalizedToken id="4E1DA0E3831EC4F39CAB8DAA658EDEE6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
). The new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="FC6A2974A748F2B96A7938388ADFB53E" lsidName="A. majumdari" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="A36ADB2EE1C91EB7895F9B976C929DD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the number of testes per proglottid (47-60 vs. 106-132) and it can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="670CB5A29BD51D9FA4C3B7AC6BDB534A" lsidName="A. majumdari" pageId="0" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="majumdari">
<emphasis id="D0E1751E095652BF2D91A4DC18F8750C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="175">A. majumdari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because the latter species is acraspedote.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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