treatments-xml/data/AD/07/87/AD0787DDFFB0FF9CFF79839D02A3FCFF.xml

<document id="46A3F977123AE6CED846ADDA695BF567" ID-CLB-Dataset="46780" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.201797" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8b481b4d-28b4-4ba5-b045-2a4ea8827600" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="201797" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460362644243" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mitchell, Kirsty D., Hall, Kathryn A. &amp; Hooper, John N. A." docDate="2011" docId="AD0787DDFFB0FF9CFF79839D02A3FCFF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02901p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2901" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sigmaxinella hipposiderus Mitchell, Hall &amp; Hooper, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="513EFFA5FFB4FF96FFEE855C026BFFC8" masterDocTitle="A new species of Sigmaxinella Dendy, 1897 (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Desmacellidae) from the Tasman Sea" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698294725063" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C48C61FEAD0C8E9CFE6505D8AE3ABE84">A new species of Sigmaxinella Dendy, 1897 (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Desmacellidae) from the Tasman Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B7A3504937D9F96050B09FB9F8CBDC1">Mitchell, Kirsty D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F41AA3ECBBDBE51888E7C4A08E01F4E0">Hall, Kathryn A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4F843DEBECA72917B1F311827B3C86BE">Hooper, John N. A.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="6DB46540FFB0FF92FF79839D0293F934" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB0FF92FF79839D0056F913" blockId="4.[151,573,1729,1788]" box="[151,573,1729,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="7E5981A7FFB0FF92FF79839D0056F913" bold="true" box="[151,573,1729,1755]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB0FF92FF79839D0056F913" bold="true" box="[151,573,1729,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB0FF92FF79839D03B2F913" box="[151,473,1729,1755]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hipposiderus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB0FF92FF79839D03B2F913" bold="true" box="[151,473,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Sigmaxinella hipposiderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0CE957A2FFB0FF92FE0E839D0056F913" box="[480,573,1729,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFB0FF92FF7983B80293F934" box="[151,248,1764,1788]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="8.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,250,969,992]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,250,1885,1908]" captionStartId-3="11.[151,250,1116,1139]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,896,1962]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1343,189,940]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,869,1874]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,182,1095]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[151,1436,895,1963]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[151,1436,169,958]" captionTargetId-2="figure@10.[151,1436,869,1874]" captionTargetId-3="figure@11.[151,1436,182,1095]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov. Holotype (QMG 323175), habitus, scale bar = 25 mm. A, specimen on deck; B, specimen after preservation in ethanol (70 %)." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Schematic representation of skeletal arrangement of Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov., scale bars = 1000 μm. A, schematic of cross-section taken through upper branch of specimen (as indicated by the double-arrow ‘ a’ on whole specimen image); B, schematic of cross-section taken through lower stalk of specimen (as indicated by the double-arrow ‘ b’)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of skeleton structure from Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov. A, overview of skeleton, showing axial compression and plumose extra-axial region, scale bar = 1000 μm; B, extra-axial region, showing plumose tracts of styles radiating from central axis, scale bar = 1000 μm; C, axial region, showing strong compression with styles arranged in parallel into tightly packed bundles surrounded by dense spongin, scale bar = 200 μm; D, styles arranged in plumose brushes in extra-axial region and penetrating ectosome, scale bar = 500 μm." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spicule complement from Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov. A, megascleres are represented by two types of styles, with the long straight styles dominant, scale bar = 200 μm; B, image of microscleres in the mesohyl, showing microxeas forming bundles, but not organised into true trichodragmata, scale bar = 50 μm; C, microxea, smooth and isodiametric, scale bar = 10 μm; D, sigma, c-shaped and without any spines on hooks, scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/201799/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/201800/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/201801/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/201802/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Figs 2–5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<typeStatus id="FA158869FFB0FF92FF798271036DF88D" box="[151,262,1837,1861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
QM G323175, Big Horseshoe Canyon (
<collectingCountry id="5DB9765BFFB0FF92FD0A8270010CF88C" box="[740,871,1836,1860]" name="West Bank" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">West Bank</collectingCountry>
), Bass Canyon system, Tasman Sea, 
<collectingCountry id="5DB9765BFFB0FF92FAF4827007EFF88C" box="[1306,1412,1836,1860]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Australia</collectingCountry>
, - 
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, 
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, depth 
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, coll. 
<collectionCode id="43BFAE0EFFB0FF92FD69820C00B1F8A0" box="[647,730,1872,1896]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">CSIRO</collectionCode>
‘Southern Surveyor’ cruise SS0404, Sherman sled, 
<date id="5110100BFFB0FF92FAF1820C07F2F8A0" box="[1311,1433,1872,1896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" value="2004-04-26">26.iv.2004</date>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6DB46540FFB0FF93FF29822803E0FD2D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB0FF92FF29822803D6F81D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1836,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB0FF92FF298228032AF845" bold="true" box="[199,321,1908,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB0FF92FEA5822803B6F844" box="[331,477,1908,1932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB0FF92FEA5822803B6F844" box="[331,477,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Sigmaxinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a single category of styles as megascleres (mean length 791 μm, mean width 19.2 μm); microscleres include a single category of sigmas (mean length 19.6 μm) and microxeas singly or in bundles (mean length 42 μm).
</paragraph>
<caption id="71D16643FFB1FF93FF93874000A7FDFA" box="[125,716,540,562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF93874000A7FDFA" blockId="5.[125,716,540,562]" box="[125,716,540,562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FF9387400282FDFA" bold="true" box="[125,233,540,562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
List of specimens used in phylogenetic analysis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF93870107C6FD47" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FF9387010189FDBB" bold="true" box="[125,994,605,627]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Taxon # QM</emphasis>
α 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FB9D870106BCFDBB" bold="true" box="[1139,1239,605,627]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">GenBank</emphasis>
β 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FAA88701071DFDBB" bold="true" box="[1350,1398,605,627]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">SBD</emphasis>
γ 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FA01870107C6FD47" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Reference Registration Accession Accession</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF9387CA037EFD64" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[125,277,662,684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF9387CA037EFD64" box="[125,277,662,684]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Poecilosclerida</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF5987EF037FFD01" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[183,276,691,713]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF5987EF037FFD01" box="[183,276,691,713]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Mycalina">Mycalina</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF14879303E0FD2D" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[250,395,719,741]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF14879303E0FD2D" box="[250,395,719,741]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Desmacellidae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6DB46540FFB1FF91FED387B10757F9FC" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED387B1031CFC02" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED387B100E3FCCA" authority="Topsent, 1897" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1897" box="[317,648,748,770]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulosa">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED387B10389FCCA" box="[317,482,748,770]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Biemna fistulosa</emphasis>
(Topsent, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D87B0068DFCCA" box="[1139,1254,748,770]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AM076982" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">AM076982</accessionNumber>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA0187B104F8FCCA" box="[1519,1683,748,770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Rot, C., Goldfarb, I., Ilan, M. &amp; Huchon, D. (2006) Putative cross-kingdom horizontal gene transfer in sponge (Porifera) mitochondria. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 6, 71." type="journal article">
Rot 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9F787B1042FFCCA" box="[1561,1604,748,770]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2006)
</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED38655017CFCD7" authority="Hooper, Capon &amp; Hodder, 1991" authorityName="Hooper, Capon &amp; Hodder" authorityYear="1991" box="[317,791,777,799]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="saucia">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED3865503BBFCD6" box="[317,464,777,798]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Biemna saucia</emphasis>
Hooper, Capon &amp; Hodder, 1991
</taxonomicName>
G303281 JF7731346 1054 δ 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED386790092FCF3" authority="Hooper &amp; Levi, 1993" authorityName="Hooper &amp; Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[317,761,805,827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Neofibularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hartmani">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED386790076FCF3" box="[317,541,805,827]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Neofibularia hartmani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FDCD867A0092FCF3" author="Hooper" box="[547,761,805,827]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Levi, C. (1993) Poecilosclerida from the New Caledonia lagoon (Porifera: Demospongiae). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 7 (5), 1221 - 1302." type="journal article" year="1993">Hooper &amp; Lévi, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
A G306606 642/592 B G206628 644/594 C G324632 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D860206BDFCBC" box="[1139,1238,862,884]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JF773145" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">JF773145</accessionNumber>
1055 δ 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3862700F6FC59" authority="Wilkinson, 1978" authorityName="Wilkinson" authorityYear="1978" box="[317,669,891,913]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Neofibularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="irata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED386270399FC58" box="[317,498,891,913]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Neofibularia irata</emphasis>
Wilkinson, 1978
</taxonomicName>
G307266 650/600 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED386CB005EFC65" box="[317,565,919,941]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Neofibularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nolitangere">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED386CB005EFC65" box="[317,565,919,941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Neofibularia nolitangere</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D86CB06B0FC65" box="[1139,1243,919,941]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519653" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">EF519653</accessionNumber>
156/156 
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA0186CB04B1FC65" box="[1519,1754,919,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Duran, S., Rutzler, K., Paul, V., Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Worheide, G. (2007) Towards a DNA taxonomy of Caribbean demosponges: a gene tree reconstructed from partial mitochondrial CO 1 gene sequences supports previous rDNA phylogenies and provides a new perspective on the systematics of Demospongiae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK), 87 (6), 1563 - 1570." type="journal article">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9B186C404E1FC65" box="[1631,1674,919,941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
1864)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED3868C079CFC12" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[317,1527,971,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3868C002EFC2E" box="[317,581,976,998]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hipposiderus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED3868C002EFC2E" box="[317,581,976,998]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Sigmaxinella hipposiderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0CE957A2FFB1FF93FDA5868C00F7FC2E" box="[587,668,976,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" rank="species">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FDA5868C00F7FC2E" bold="true" box="[587,668,976,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
G323175 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D868C06BDFC2E" box="[1139,1238,976,998]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JF773147" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">JF773147</accessionNumber>
1053 δ
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF1486B103EEFBCB" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[250,389,1005,1027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF1486B103EEFBCB" ID-CoL="84K6Y" box="[250,389,1005,1027]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Esperiopsidae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED3815607F3FBD7" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[317,1432,1033,1055]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3815600D5FBD7" ID-CoL="3BJDM" authority="Ridley, 1885" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1885" box="[317,702,1033,1055]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="challengeri">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED38156004CFBD7" box="[317,551,1033,1055]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Esperiopsis challengeri</emphasis>
(Ridley, 1885)
</taxonomicName>
G306063 732/762
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF14817A0318FBF4" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[250,371,1062,1084]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF14817A0318FBF4" ID-CoL="84KBJ" box="[250,371,1062,1084]" class="Demospongiae" family="Isodictyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Isodictyidae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED3811E07F3FB90" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[317,1432,1090,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3811E0080FB90" ID-CoL="WRLW" authority="Carter, 1883" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1883" box="[317,747,1090,1112]" class="Demospongiae" family="Isodictyidae" genus="Coelocarteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED3811E0033FB90" box="[317,600,1090,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Coelocarteria singaporensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FD8B811E008FFB90" author="Carter" box="[613,740,1090,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Carter, H. J. (1883) Contributions to our knowledge of the Spongida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 12 (71), 308 - 329, pls. XI - XIV." type="journal article" year="1883">Carter, 1883</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
G319331 669/619
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF1481030309FBBD" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[250,354,1119,1141]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF1481030309FBBD" ID-CoL="84KJB" box="[250,354,1119,1141]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Mycalidae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED381270399FB75" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3812700EBFB59" ID-CoL="44RVD" authority="Wilson, 1894" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1894" box="[317,640,1147,1169]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrexilis">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED38127038FFB59" box="[317,484,1147,1169]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Mycale fibrexilis</emphasis>
(Wilson, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D812706B1FB59" box="[1139,1242,1147,1169]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AJ843890" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">AJ843890</accessionNumber>
Hess 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9CB8120043BFB59" box="[1573,1616,1147,1169]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (direct submission) 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED381C400ECFB66" ID-CoL="6RR3T" box="[317,647,1176,1198]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="laxissima" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED381C403EDFB66" box="[317,390,1176,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Mycale</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FE7A81C40070FB66" box="[404,539,1176,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Arenochalina</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FDC481C400ECFB66" box="[554,647,1176,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">laxissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Duchassaing &amp; 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D81C406B7FB66" box="[1139,1244,1176,1198]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519649" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">EF519649</accessionNumber>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA0181C404B1FB66" box="[1519,1754,1176,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Duran, S., Rutzler, K., Paul, V., Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Worheide, G. (2007) Towards a DNA taxonomy of Caribbean demosponges: a gene tree reconstructed from partial mitochondrial CO 1 gene sequences supports previous rDNA phylogenies and provides a new perspective on the systematics of Demospongiae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK), 87 (6), 1563 - 1570." type="journal article">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9B181C504E1FB66" box="[1631,1674,1176,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
Michelotti, 1864)1
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED3818D07F2FACB" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3818D0122FB2F" ID-CoL="6RR45" authority="Lendenfeld, 1887" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1887" box="[317,841,1233,1255]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED3818D03EDFB2F" box="[317,390,1233,1255]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Mycale</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FE7A818D0070FB2F" box="[404,539,1233,1255]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Arenochalina</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FDC4818D00E8FB2F" box="[554,643,1233,1255]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">mirabilis</emphasis>
(Lendenfeld, 1887)
</taxonomicName>
G 
<date id="5110100BFFB1FF93FC24818D067EFB2F" box="[970,1045,1233,1255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" value="61-05-30">300561</date>
572/522 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED381B100B0FACB" ID-CoL="855R7" authority="Hentschel, 1911" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[317,731,1261,1283]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulcata" subGenus="Mycale">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED381B103EDFACB" box="[317,390,1261,1283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Mycale</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FE7A81B103B6FACB" box="[404,477,1261,1283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Mycale</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FE0281B1005FFACB" box="[492,564,1261,1283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">sulcata</emphasis>
Hentschel, 1911
</taxonomicName>
G304666 693/719
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF14805603F2FAE8" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[250,409,1290,1312]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF14805603F2FAE8" ID-CoL="84KNV" box="[250,409,1290,1312]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Podospongiidae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED3807B04EFFAF5" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[317,1668,1319,1341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3807B00AEFAF5" ID-CoL="356X7" authority="Carter, 1879" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1879" box="[317,709,1319,1341]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Diacarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinipoculum">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED3807B0059FAF5" box="[317,562,1319,1341]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Diacarnus spinipoculum</emphasis>
(Carter, 1879)
</taxonomicName>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D807B068AFAF5" box="[1139,1249,1319,1341]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY561975" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">AY561975</accessionNumber>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA01807B04EFFAF5" author="Nichols" box="[1519,1668,1319,1341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Nichols, S. A. (2005) An evaluation of support for order-level monophyly and interrelationships within the class Demospongiae using partial data from the large subunit rDNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 34 (1), 81 - 96." type="journal article" year="2005">Nichols (2005)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF59801F0357FA91" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[183,316,1347,1369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF59801F0357FA91" box="[183,316,1347,1369]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Microcionina">Microcionina</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FF14800303E0FABD" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" box="[250,395,1375,1397]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FF14800303E0FABD" ID-CoL="84KHR" box="[250,395,1375,1397]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Microcionidae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF93FED380200304F9E9" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3802000C9FA5A" ID-CoL="GX5C" authority="Van Soest, 1984" authorityName="Van Soest" authorityYear="1984" box="[317,674,1404,1426]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Artemisina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melana">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED380200393FA5A" box="[317,504,1404,1426]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Artemisina melana</emphasis>
Van Soest, 1984
</taxonomicName>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D802006B0FA5A" box="[1139,1243,1404,1426]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519575" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">EF519575</accessionNumber>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA01802004B1FA5A" box="[1519,1754,1404,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Duran, S., Rutzler, K., Paul, V., Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Worheide, G. (2007) Towards a DNA taxonomy of Caribbean demosponges: a gene tree reconstructed from partial mitochondrial CO 1 gene sequences supports previous rDNA phylogenies and provides a new perspective on the systematics of Demospongiae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK), 87 (6), 1563 - 1570." type="journal article">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9B1802104E1FA5A" box="[1631,1674,1404,1426]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED380C5013FFA67" ID-CoL="VS6Q" authority="Ellis &amp; Solander, 1786" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[317,852,1433,1455]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="prolifera" subGenus="Clathria">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED380C503FAFA67" box="[317,401,1433,1455]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Clathria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FE7180C50398FA67" box="[415,499,1433,1455]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Clathria</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FDEC80C50031FA67" box="[514,602,1433,1455]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">prolifera</emphasis>
(Ellis &amp; Solander, 1786)
</taxonomicName>
2 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D80C506B1FA67" box="[1139,1242,1433,1455]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AJ843888" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">AJ843888</accessionNumber>
Hess 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9CB80C5043BFA67" box="[1573,1616,1433,1455]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (direct submission) 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED380E90162FA03" ID-CoL="5Z7YS" authority="Van Soest, 1984" authorityName="Van Soest" authorityYear="1984" box="[317,777,1461,1483]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oxeota" subGenus="Thalysias">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED380E903FAFA03" box="[317,401,1461,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Clathria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FE7180E90395FA03" box="[415,510,1461,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Thalysias</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FDE380EA0024FA03" box="[525,591,1462,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">oxeota</emphasis>
(Van Soest, 1984)
</taxonomicName>
3 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D80E906B0FA03" box="[1139,1243,1461,1483]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519606" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">EF519606</accessionNumber>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA0180E904B1FA03" box="[1519,1754,1461,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Duran, S., Rutzler, K., Paul, V., Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Worheide, G. (2007) Towards a DNA taxonomy of Caribbean demosponges: a gene tree reconstructed from partial mitochondrial CO 1 gene sequences supports previous rDNA phylogenies and provides a new perspective on the systematics of Demospongiae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK), 87 (6), 1563 - 1570." type="journal article">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9B180EA04E1FA03" box="[1631,1674,1461,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED3808E0003FA20" ID-CoL="5YVZ6" box="[317,616,1490,1512]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schoenus" subGenus="Thalysias">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED3808E03FAFA20" box="[317,401,1490,1512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Clathria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FE71808E0395FA20" box="[415,510,1490,1512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Thalysias</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FDE3808E0003FA20" box="[525,616,1490,1512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">schoenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(de Laubenfels, 1936)4 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D808E06B0FA20" box="[1139,1243,1490,1512]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519607" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">EF519607</accessionNumber>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA01808E04B1FA20" box="[1519,1754,1490,1512]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Duran, S., Rutzler, K., Paul, V., Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Worheide, G. (2007) Towards a DNA taxonomy of Caribbean demosponges: a gene tree reconstructed from partial mitochondrial CO 1 gene sequences supports previous rDNA phylogenies and provides a new perspective on the systematics of Demospongiae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK), 87 (6), 1563 - 1570." type="journal article">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9B1808F04E1FA20" box="[1631,1674,1490,1512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB1FF93FED380B20150F9CC" ID-CoL="4CBDZ" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" box="[317,827,1518,1540]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Pandaros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="acanthifolium">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93FED380B20046F9CC" box="[317,557,1518,1540]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Pandaros acanthifolium</emphasis>
Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti
</taxonomicName>
, 
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB1FF93FB9D80B206B0F9CC" box="[1139,1243,1518,1540]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519662" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">EF519662</accessionNumber>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFB1FF93FA0180B204B1F9CC" box="[1519,1754,1518,1540]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Duran, S., Rutzler, K., Paul, V., Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Worheide, G. (2007) Towards a DNA taxonomy of Caribbean demosponges: a gene tree reconstructed from partial mitochondrial CO 1 gene sequences supports previous rDNA phylogenies and provides a new perspective on the systematics of Demospongiae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK), 87 (6), 1563 - 1570." type="journal article">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB1FF93F9B180B304E1F9CC" box="[1631,1674,1518,1540]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
1864
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB1FF91F97383740647FB16" blockId="5.[125,1892,599,1598]" lastBlockId="7.[138,1587,1224,1327]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
continued next page 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF93876A0189FD84" bold="true" box="[125,994,566,588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Taxon # QM</emphasis>
α 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FB9D876A06BCFD84" bold="true" box="[1139,1239,566,588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">GenBank</emphasis>
β 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FAA8876A071DFD84" bold="true" box="[1350,1398,566,588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">SBD</emphasis>
γ 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FA01876A07C6FDA0" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Reference Registration Accession Accession</emphasis>
Queensland Museum; not all specimens have vouchers in the Queensland Museum collection.
</paragraph>
<caption id="71D16643FFB3FF91FF9387440309FDE6" ID-Table-UUID="71D16643FFB3FF91FF9387440309FDE6" box="[125,354,536,558]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/71D16643FFB3FF91FF9387440309FDE6" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" targetBox="[125,1819,623,1187]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF9387440309FDE6" blockId="7.[125,1625,536,616]" box="[125,354,536,558]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF9387440282FDE6" bold="true" box="[125,233,536,558]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
(continued)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FED3873304B1FB6B" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<table id="57AEC46BFFB30069FF9387330570FB6B" box="[125,1819,623,1187]" gridcols="3" gridrows="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9387330570FD4D" box="[125,1819,623,645]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF938733013CFD4D" box="[125,855,623,645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED3873300B2FD4D" authority="Wiedenmayer, 1977" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityYear="1977" box="[317,729,623,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Scopalinidae" genus="Scopalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ruetzleri">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED387330391FD4D" box="[317,506,623,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Scopalina ruetzleri</emphasis>
(Wiedenmayer, 1977)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FB9D87330686FD4D" box="[1139,1261,623,645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D873306B7FD4D" box="[1139,1244,623,645]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519669" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF519669</accessionNumber>
</th>
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FA0187330570FD4D" box="[1519,1819,623,645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9B1872C04E1FD4D" box="[1631,1674,623,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9387D00570FD6A" box="[125,1819,652,674]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF9387D0013CFD6A" box="[125,855,652,674]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED387D00153FD6A" authority="Alvarez, Van Soest &amp; Rutzler, 1998" authorityName="Alvarez, Van Soest &amp; Rutzler" authorityYear="1998" box="[317,824,652,674]" class="Demospongiae" family="Scopalinidae" genus="Svenzea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="zeai">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED387D003D0FD6A" box="[317,443,652,674]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Svenzea zeai</emphasis>
(Alvarez, Van Soest &amp; Rützler, 1998)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FB9D87D00686FD6A" box="[1139,1261,652,674]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9A87D006B7FD6A" box="[1140,1244,652,674]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519682" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF519682</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FA0187D00570FD6A" box="[1519,1819,652,674]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9B187D104E1FD6A" box="[1631,1674,652,674]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9387F50570FC85" box="[125,1819,681,845]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF9387F5013CFC85" box="[125,855,681,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF1487F503F1FD77" box="[250,410,681,703]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Halichondriidae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED387990304FD30" authority="Hechtel, 1965" authorityName="Hechtel" authorityYear="1965" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magniconulosa" subGenus="Halichondria">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED3879903A8FD13" box="[317,451,709,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FE3F8799003CFD13" box="[465,599,709,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FD8887990095FD13" box="[614,766,709,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">magniconulosa</emphasis>
Hechtel, 1965
</taxonomicName>
13 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED387A2008CFCDC" box="[317,743,766,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melanadocia" subGenus="Halichondria">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED387A203A8FCDC" box="[317,451,766,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FE3F87A2003CFCDC" box="[465,599,766,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FD8887A2008CFCDC" box="[614,743,766,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">melanadocia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
de Laubenfels, 1936 14 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED3866B012EFC85" authority="Pallas, 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[317,837,823,845]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea" subGenus="Halichondria">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED3866B03A8FC85" box="[317,451,823,845]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FE3F866B003CFC85" box="[465,599,823,845]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FD88866400DEFC85" box="[614,693,824,845]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">panicea</emphasis>
(Pallas, 1766)
</taxonomicName>
15
</th>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FB9D87F50686FC85" box="[1139,1261,681,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D879906B0FD13" box="[1139,1243,709,731]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519615" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF519615</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D87A206B0FCDC" box="[1139,1243,766,788]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519618" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF519618</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D866B06B7FC85" box="[1139,1244,823,845]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF095183" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF095183</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FA0187F50570FC85" box="[1519,1819,681,845]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9B1879A04E1FD13" box="[1631,1674,709,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007) Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9B187A304E1FCDC" box="[1631,1674,766,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007) Itskovich 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9BF86640417FC85" box="[1617,1660,823,845]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9386080570FC4E" box="[125,1819,852,902]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF938608013CFC4E" box="[125,855,852,902]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED3860800A4FCA2" authority="Parker, 1910" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1910" box="[317,719,852,874]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heliophila">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED386080052FCA2" box="[317,569,852,874]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Hymeniacidon heliophila</emphasis>
(Parker, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF14862C0314FC4E" box="[250,383,880,902]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Heteroxyidae</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FB9D86080686FC4E" box="[1139,1261,852,902]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D860806B0FCA2" box="[1139,1243,852,874]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519632" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF519632</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FA0186080570FC4E" box="[1519,1819,852,902]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9B1860904E1FCA2" box="[1631,1674,852,874]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9386D10570FC77" box="[125,1819,909,959]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF9386D1013CFC77" box="[125,855,909,959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED386D103FFFC6B" box="[317,404,909,931]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Didiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED386D103FFFC6B" box="[317,404,909,931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Didiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED386F50168FC77" authority="Alcolado, 1984" authorityName="Alcolado" authorityYear="1984" box="[317,771,937,959]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gyroderma">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED386F50038FC77" box="[317,595,937,959]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Myrmekioderma gyroderma</emphasis>
(Alcolado, 1984)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FB9D86D10686FC77" box="[1139,1261,909,959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D86D10689FC6B" box="[1139,1250,909,931]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY561972" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">AY561972</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D86F506B0FC77" box="[1139,1243,937,959]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519652" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF519652</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FA0186D10570FC77" box="[1519,1819,909,959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Nichols (2005) Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9B186F604E1FC77" box="[1631,1674,937,959]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF93869A0570FC30" box="[125,1819,966,1016]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF93869A013CFC30" box="[125,855,966,1016]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF93869A028EFC14" box="[125,229,966,988]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Verongida</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF1486BE031AFC30" box="[250,369,994,1016]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Aplysinidae</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9386A30570FBF9" box="[125,1819,1023,1073]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF9386A3013CFBF9" box="[125,855,1023,1073]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED386A30037FBDD" authority="Pallas, 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[317,604,1023,1045]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED386A303A7FBDD" box="[317,460,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Aplysina fulva</emphasis>
(Pallas, 1766)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FB9D86A30686FBF9" box="[1139,1261,1023,1073]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">NC_010203</td>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FA0186A30570FBF9" box="[1519,1819,1023,1073]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Lavrov 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9D2815C0403FBDD" box="[1596,1640,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2008); Wang &amp; Lavrov (2008).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9381640570FB86" box="[125,1819,1080,1102]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF938164013CFB86" box="[125,855,1080,1102]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF9381640294FB86" box="[125,255,1080,1102]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Spirophorida</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="9B9E3489FFB30069FF9381090570FB6B" box="[125,1819,1109,1187]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FF938109013CFB6B" box="[125,855,1109,1187]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF1481090332FBA3" box="[250,345,1109,1131]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Tetillidae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED3812D00F4FB4F" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[317,671,1137,1159]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED3812D0396FB4F" box="[317,509,1137,1159]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Cinachyrella apion</emphasis>
(Uliczka, 1929)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FED381D100B2FB6B" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[317,729,1165,1187]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FED381D1005CFB6B" box="[317,567,1165,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
(Uliczka, 1929)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FB9D81090686FB6B" box="[1139,1261,1109,1187]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9D812D06B2FB4F" box="[1139,1241,1137,1159]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AJ843895" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">AJ843895</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="3AFDAB28FFB3FF91FB9A81D106B0FB6B" box="[1140,1243,1165,1187]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF519603" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">EF519603</accessionNumber>
</td>
<td id="D84F5DF5FFB30069FA0181090570FB6B" box="[1519,1819,1109,1187]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Hess 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9CB812E043BFB4F" box="[1573,1616,1137,1159]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (direct submission) Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91F9B181D204E1FB6B" box="[1631,1674,1165,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF6581B800BBFB32" blockId="7.[138,1587,1224,1327]" box="[139,720,1252,1274]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">NCBI database, available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF64805D0458FADF" blockId="7.[138,1587,1224,1327]" box="[138,1587,1281,1303]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Sponge Barcoding Database, available at: http://www.spongebarcoding.org/; number provided as record number then sequence number (xxx/xxx).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF658042068AFAA4" blockId="7.[138,1587,1224,1327]" lastBlockId="7.[139,1915,1364,1588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
sequence generated newly in this study as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF48800A0327FAA4" box="[166,332,1366,1388]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="laxissma">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF48800A0327FAA4" box="[166,332,1366,1388]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Mycale laxissma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
9 as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FBB7800A068AFAA4" ID-CoL="f793a4b8-2315-4a13-81ab-5f0403d10ba0" box="[1113,1249,1366,1388]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tedaniidae" genus="Tedania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ignis">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FBB7800A068AFAA4" box="[1113,1249,1366,1388]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Tedania ignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF658028069AFA41" blockId="7.[139,1915,1364,1588]" box="[139,1265,1389,1417]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF4880280313FA41" box="[166,376,1395,1417]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Microciona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="prolifera">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF4880280313FA41" box="[166,376,1395,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Microciona prolifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
10 as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FB8F802F069AFA41" box="[1121,1265,1395,1417]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Tedanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="klausi">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FB8F802F069AFA41" box="[1121,1265,1395,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Tedanis klausi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF6580CC073FFA17" blockId="7.[139,1915,1364,1588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF4880D30329FA6D" ID-CoL="5Z7YS" box="[166,322,1423,1445]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oxeota">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF4880D30329FA6D" box="[166,322,1423,1445]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Clathria oxeota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
11 this species is undescribed but has been identified as an operational taxonomic unit as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF4880F00330FA0A" ID-CoL="5YVZ6" box="[166,347,1452,1474]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schoenus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF4880F00330FA0A" box="[166,347,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Clathria schoenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the Queensland Museum, as designated by an OTU number. as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF48809503C3FA17" box="[166,424,1481,1503]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" genus="Strongylacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bermudae">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF48809503C3FA17" box="[166,424,1481,1503]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Strongylacidon bermudae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
12 as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FB8F8095073FFA17" box="[1121,1364,1481,1503]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Pseudaxinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FB8F8095073FFA17" box="[1121,1364,1481,1503]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Pseudaxinella reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF6580BA07EEFA33" blockId="7.[139,1915,1364,1588]" box="[139,1413,1503,1531]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF4880B903C5FA33" ID-CoL="3VF9T" box="[166,430,1509,1531]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Lissodendoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="isodictyalis">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF4880B903C5FA33" box="[166,430,1509,1531]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Lissodendoryx isodictyalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
13 as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FB8F80B907EEFA33" box="[1121,1413,1509,1531]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magniconulosa">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FB8F80B907EEFA33" box="[1121,1413,1509,1531]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria magniconulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF65835E0705F9DF" blockId="7.[139,1915,1364,1588]" box="[139,1390,1532,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF48835D03E7F9DF" ID-CoL="3VF7L" box="[166,396,1537,1559]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Lissodendoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sigmata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF48835D03E7F9DF" box="[166,396,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Lissodendoryx sigmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
14 as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FB8F835D0705F9DF" box="[1121,1390,1537,1559]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melanodocia">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FB8F835D0705F9DF" box="[1121,1390,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria melanodocia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFB3FF91FF6583430757F9FC" blockId="7.[139,1915,1364,1588]" box="[139,1340,1560,1588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FF4883420312F9FC" box="[166,377,1566,1588]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Holopsamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="helwigi">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FF4883420312F9FC" box="[166,377,1566,1588]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Holopsamma helwigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
15 as 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFB3FF91FB8F83420757F9FC" box="[1121,1340,1566,1588]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFB3FF91FB8F83420757F9FC" box="[1121,1340,1566,1588]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Halichondria panicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6DB46540FFBCFF9FFF2985CB07F7FA4A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBCFF9EFF2985CB03F1FE07" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBCFF9EFF2985CB0332FF78" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Description.</emphasis>
Growth form arborescent, erect, flattened into one plane, branching dichotomously, but irregularly, basal attachment small and on well formed stalk (now detached in fixed specimen); branches cylindrical, laterally compressed, ellipsoidal in cross-section, matting of spicules gives appearance of external segmentation in fixed specimen (
<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFBCFF9EFEB4845803C8FED4" box="[346,419,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,896,1962]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,895,1963]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov. Holotype (QMG 323175), habitus, scale bar = 25 mm. A, specimen on deck; B, specimen after preservation in ethanol (70 %)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201799/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B). Dimensions: overall height 103.0 mm; maximum breadth 69.0 mm; stalk length is approximately 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFEAF847B03F8FEF7" box="[321,403,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
; width of main axis 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFD92847B00B8FEF7" box="[636,723,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
at base, widening to 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFC28847B0676FEF7" box="[966,1053,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
at first bifurcation and 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFAC7847B07EBFEF7" box="[1321,1408,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
at apex; longest branch 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFE6A8410038CFEAC" box="[388,487,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="62.2">62.2 mm</quantity>
in length from point of bifurcation to branch apex, maximum width 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFB0C84100751FEAC" box="[1250,1338,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
; shortest branch 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFF0484330324FE4F" box="[234,335,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.57" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="35.7">35.7 mm</quantity>
in length, maximum width 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFD698433008BFE4F" box="[647,736,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
. Colour light beige to pale grey in ethanol. Oscules inconspicuous, shallow, less than 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBCFF9EFE4284C8038DFE64" box="[428,486,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
diameter, few, roughly circular; fine oscules observed on proximal portion of main axis in fixed specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBCFF9EFF29848006EDFDF4" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Surface uneven, velvety, hispid, with hair-like conulose projections forming a pile which becomes matted distally on branches, axial region villose. Texture barely compressible, tough, difficult to tear although easily cut; branches flexible, pliable; main axis flexible, but more resistant to bending than branches.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBCFF9EFF29871B0743FC94" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
Skeleton with markedly differentiated axial and extra-axial construction; axis strongly compressed, extra-axial region plumose (
<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFBCFF9EFEB4873003C9FD4C" box="[346,418,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,969,992]" captionTargetBox="[178,1343,189,940]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,169,958]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Schematic representation of skeletal arrangement of Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov., scale bars = 1000 μm. A, schematic of cross-section taken through upper branch of specimen (as indicated by the double-arrow ‘ a’ on whole specimen image); B, schematic of cross-section taken through lower stalk of specimen (as indicated by the double-arrow ‘ b’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201800/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Compressed axial core occupies approximately half the diameter of the sponge in the region of the stalk, and one third the diameter in the branches. Choanosomal skeleton an axially condensed reticulation of multispicular tracts enclosed in abundant collagenous spongin; extra-axial skeleton plumose, with ends of terminal spicules forming brushes at the surface; microscleres densely packed along and between megascleres in plumose tracts; packing of microscleres more dense near axis than in periphery of skeleton, and density of microscleres decreases towards ectosome. Ectosome indistinct from choanosome, without any conspicuous specialisation aside from plumose terminal spicule bundles protruding from the choanosomal extra-axial skeleton.
</paragraph>
<caption id="71D16643FFBCFF9EFF79829C00E8F83E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201799/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" targetBox="[151,1436,896,1962]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBCFF9EFF79829C00E8F83E" blockId="8.[151,1436,1984,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBCFF9EFF79829C0378F81E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1984,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBCFF9EFEF5829D0042F81F" box="[283,553,1985,2007]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hipposiderus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBCFF9EFEF5829D0042F81F" box="[283,553,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Sigmaxinella hipposiderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0CE957A2FFBCFF9EFDDE829D00EAF81E" box="[560,641,1985,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" rank="species">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBCFF9EFDDE829D00EAF81E" bold="true" box="[560,641,1985,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype (QMG 323175), 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBCFF9EFC74829D018EF81F" box="[922,997,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">habitus</emphasis>
, scale bar = 25 mm. A, specimen on deck; B, specimen after preservation in ethanol (70%).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="71D16643FFBDFF9FFF7986950741FBD5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201800/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[178,1343,189,940]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF7986950741FBD5" blockId="9.[151,1436,969,1053]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFF7986950379FC17" bold="true" box="[151,274,969,992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Schematic representation of skeletal arrangement of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFCC386960650FC28" box="[813,1083,970,992]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hipposiderus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFCC386960650FC28" box="[813,1083,970,992]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Sigmaxinella hipposiderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0CE957A2FFBDFF9FFBAF869606FAFC17" box="[1089,1169,970,991]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFBAF869606FAFC17" bold="true" box="[1089,1169,970,991]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, scale bars = 1000 μm. A, schematic of cross-section taken through upper branch of specimen (as indicated by the double-arrow ‘a’ on whole specimen image); B, schematic of cross-section taken through lower stalk of specimen (as indicated by the double-arrow ‘b’).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF2981160021FBAA" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" box="[199,586,1098,1122]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
Spicules (
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFED88117032FFBAA" box="[310,324,1099,1122]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">n</emphasis>
= 25) (Table 1, 
<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFBDFF9FFE1681160057FBAA" box="[504,572,1098,1122]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1116,1139]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1095]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,182,1095]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spicule complement from Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov. A, megascleres are represented by two types of styles, with the long straight styles dominant, scale bar = 200 μm; B, image of microscleres in the mesohyl, showing microxeas forming bundles, but not organised into true trichodragmata, scale bar = 50 μm; C, microxea, smooth and isodiametric, scale bar = 10 μm; D, sigma, c-shaped and without any spines on hooks, scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF2981320365FB62" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Megascleres: single category of styles as megascleres, occasionally bent, 500–1300 (791.0) × 15–25 (19.2) μm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF2981EA06D9FADE" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Microscleres: single categories of both sigmas and microxeas; sigmas c-shaped, elongate, entirely smooth, 10– 41 (19.6) × 1–2 (1.4) μm (chord length and widest axis), microxeas single or in compact bundles, isodiametric, completely smooth, tips hastate, 27–55 (42.1) × 1–1.5 (1.2) μm (length and maximum width).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF29807E07F7FA4A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFF29807E0390FAF2" bold="true" box="[199,507,1313,1338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from the 
<typeStatus id="FA158869FFBDFF9FFCE9807E0102FAF2" box="[775,873,1314,1338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
collected from the shallower margins of the Big Horseshoe Canyon, a side canyon to the Bass Canyon system off the eastern Victorian boarder, lying on the edge of the southeastern continental shelf. The specimen was collected from 
<quantity id="E2569B2EFFBDFF9FFC748036018AFA4A" box="[922,993,1386,1410]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
in a habitat dominated by rock and silt.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6DB46540FFBDFF9FFF2980D2069FFA26" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF2980D20674FA02" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFF2980D20325FA6E" bold="true" box="[199,334,1422,1446]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</emphasis>
The epithet is made as a masculine noun in apposition from the ancient Greek 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFB0480D20711FA6E" box="[1258,1402,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">hipposideros</emphasis>
(= horseshoe) in reference to the 
<typeStatus id="FA158869FFBDFF9FFE0780EF0072FA03" box="[489,537,1459,1483]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
locality, Big Horseshoe Canyon, Tasman Sea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF29808A069FFA26" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" box="[199,1268,1494,1519]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFF29808A03D2FA26" bold="true" box="[199,441,1494,1519]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">DNA sequence data.</emphasis>
1 sequence: COI mt DNA (partial, Folmer fragment, 658 bp, 1 replicate).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6DB46540FFBDFF9FFF2980A60352F96A" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF2980A60352F96A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFF2980A60350F9DA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1530,1554]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is clearly assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFD3E80A60109F9DA" box="[720,866,1530,1554]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFD3E80A60109F9DA" box="[720,866,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Sigmaxinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of its compressed axial and plumose extra-axial skeletons, which is otherwise similar to 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFD1983430127F9FE" box="[759,844,1567,1590]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFD1983430127F9FE" box="[759,844,1567,1590]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Biemna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. By having a single category of unmodified style megascleres, and single categories of both sigmas and microxeas, and in specific sizes of its spicules, this species differs from the 12 valid species of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFDC7833A00D0F9B6" box="[553,699,1638,1662]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFDC7833A00D0F9B6" box="[553,699,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Sigmaxinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as follows (refer to Table 1 for the comparison among species of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFF7983D60342F96A" box="[151,297,1674,1698]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFF7983D60342F96A" box="[151,297,1674,1698]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Sigmaxinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6DB46540FFBDFF9CFF2983F202A3FCFF" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9FFF2983F203B8F856" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFF2983F2039AF90E" box="[199,497,1710,1734]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hipposiderus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFF2983F2039AF90E" box="[199,497,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Sigmaxinella hipposiderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0CE957A2FFBDFF9FFE1983F2003BF90E" box="[503,592,1710,1734]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFE1983F2003BF90E" bold="true" box="[503,592,1710,1734]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
clearly differs from the 
<typeStatus id="FA158869FFBDFF9FFCB183F301E4F90F" box="[863,911,1711,1735]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
species, 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFC1A83F30743F90E" authority="Dendy, 1897" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1897" box="[1012,1320,1710,1734]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australiana">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFC1A83F306FBF90E" box="[1012,1168,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">S. australiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBDFF9FFB7983F20743F90E" author="Dendy" box="[1175,1320,1710,1734]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" refString="Dendy, A. (1897) Catalogue of non-calcareous sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part III. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, new series, 9, 230 - 259." type="journal article" year="1897">Dendy, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in having a single category of styles, sigmas and microxeas. The latter has much smaller styles, some of which are modified into strongyles and oxeas, two categories of sigmas and one category of much thinner raphides (
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFB0583AB0698F8C6" box="[1259,1267,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">i</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFB1483AB076DF8C6" box="[1274,1286,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">e</emphasis>
. those in the present species are thicker and more obviously microxeas than raphides, and, even though they form bundles, these bundles are not trichodragmata) (Table 1, 
<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFBDFF9FFD9C826200C5F89E" box="[626,686,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1116,1139]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1095]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,182,1095]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of spicule complement from Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov. A, megascleres are represented by two types of styles, with the long straight styles dominant, scale bar = 200 μm; B, image of microscleres in the mesohyl, showing microxeas forming bundles, but not organised into true trichodragmata, scale bar = 50 μm; C, microxea, smooth and isodiametric, scale bar = 10 μm; D, sigma, c-shaped and without any spines on hooks, scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201802/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig 5</figureCitation>
B). Nevertheless, both species have a similar external morphology (see 
<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFBDFF9FFF24823E0366F8B2" box="[202,269,1890,1914]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1984,2007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,896,1962]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,895,1963]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sigmaxinella hipposiderus sp. nov. Holotype (QMG 323175), habitus, scale bar = 25 mm. A, specimen on deck; B, specimen after preservation in ethanol (70 %)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201799/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFBDFF9FFEF7823E034CF8B2" box="[281,295,1890,1914]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1214,1237]" captionTargetBox="[199,1386,221,1175]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1193]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Comparison of gross morphology of species of Sigmaxinella Dendy, 1897 found in Australian waters. A, S. australiana Dendy, 1897; B, S. soelae Hooper, 1984; C, S. dendroides Whitelegge, 1907; D, S. viminalis Hallmann, 1916; E, S. flabellata (Carter 1885) sensu Dendy, 1897; F, S. ramosa (Carter, 1883); image A from Hallmann (1916, pl. XXXIII, Fig. 1); image B from Hooper (1984, p. 8, Fig. 1); image C from Whitelegge (1907, pl. XLVI, Fig. 42); image D from Hallman (1916, pl. XXXIII, Fig. 4); image E from Hallmann (1916, pl. XXXIII, Fig. 5); image F original, syntype of Phakellia ramosa Carter, 1883, specimen BMNH 1884.4. 14.2, collected from Sydney region; images A – D and E – F to same proportion, both scale bars = 50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201803/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">6</figureCitation>
A) and a differentiated axial and extra-axial skeletal architecture, features which can only be described as ‘typical’ of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFED782DA03A0F856" box="[313,459,1926,1950]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFED782DA03A0F856" box="[313,459,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Sigmaxinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBDFF9CFF2982F7033AFED4" blockId="9.[151,1436,1098,2022]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,823]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
In growth form, 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFE6B82F7005FF80A" box="[389,564,1962,1986]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hipposiderus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFE6B82F7005FF80A" box="[389,564,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">S. hipposiderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also vaguely resembles 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBDFF9FFCA282F706DDF80A" authority="Whitelegge, 1907" authorityName="Whitelegge" authorityYear="1907" box="[844,1206,1962,1986]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dendroides">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBDFF9FFCA282F7018EF80A" box="[844,997,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">S. dendroides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBDFF9FFC0382F606DDF80A" author="Whitelegge" box="[1005,1206,1962,1986]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" refString="Whitelegge, T. (1907) Sponges. Part 1. - Addenda. Part II. Monaxonida continued. Memoirs of the Australian Museum, 4 (10), 487 - 515, pls. XLV - XLVI." type="journal article" year="1907">Whitelegge, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from southern New South 
<collectingCountry id="5DB9765BFFBDFF9FFF3182920348F82E" box="[223,291,1998,2022]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Wales</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="BD952A4EFFBDFF9FFEDC8292031EF82E" box="[306,373,1998,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1214,1237]" captionTargetBox="[199,1386,221,1175]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1193]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Comparison of gross morphology of species of Sigmaxinella Dendy, 1897 found in Australian waters. A, S. australiana Dendy, 1897; B, S. soelae Hooper, 1984; C, S. dendroides Whitelegge, 1907; D, S. viminalis Hallmann, 1916; E, S. flabellata (Carter 1885) sensu Dendy, 1897; F, S. ramosa (Carter, 1883); image A from Hallmann (1916, pl. XXXIII, Fig. 1); image B from Hooper (1984, p. 8, Fig. 1); image C from Whitelegge (1907, pl. XLVI, Fig. 42); image D from Hallman (1916, pl. XXXIII, Fig. 4); image E from Hallmann (1916, pl. XXXIII, Fig. 5); image F original, syntype of Phakellia ramosa Carter, 1883, specimen BMNH 1884.4. 14.2, collected from Sydney region; images A – D and E – F to same proportion, both scale bars = 50 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201803/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C), but the latter has distinctly smaller megascleres, two categories of sigmas, all s-shaped, and rare microxeas not forming bundles (Table 1). The present species should also be compared to the Atlantic 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFAA185C403CCFF1C" authority="Salani et al., 2006" authorityName="Salani et al." authorityYear="2006" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cearense">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFAA185C402B9FF1C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">S. cearense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFF3785E003CCFF1C" author="Salani" box="[217,423,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Salani, S., Monteiro da Cruz Lotufo, T. &amp; Hajdu, E. (2006) Sigmaxinella cearense sp. nov. from sandstone reefs of Fortaleze (Ceara State, Brazil) (Desmacellidae, Mycalina, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae). Zootaxa, 1369, 43 - 53." type="journal article" year="2006">
Salani 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFEC885E1033CFF1C" box="[294,343,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; both species show simple, reduced spiculation, but the present species also has microxeas and sigmas. The sigmas of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFE3B85BC00EEFF30" box="[469,645,224,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hipposiderus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFE3B85BC00EEFF30" box="[469,645,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">S. hipposiderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack the 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFD1D85BC01EAFF30" box="[755,897,224,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFD1D85BC01EAFF30" box="[755,897,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Paresperella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like spines on the outer edge as is seen in the Atlantic species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBEFF9CFF29847B0343FDDF" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">
There has been some confusion by previous authors in the descriptions of some species of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFB19847B07F7FEF7" box="[1271,1436,295,319]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Desmacellidae</taxonomicName>
(including 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFEFF841003C8FEAC" box="[273,419,332,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFEFF841003C8FEAC" box="[273,419,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Sigmaxinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFE3784110044FEAC" box="[473,559,333,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFE3784110044FEAC" box="[473,559,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Biemna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) about the possession of raphides versus microxeas. Usually these spicule categories have been combined into a single category (
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFD0A842D009BFE40" box="[740,752,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">e</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFD19842D016EFE40" box="[759,773,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">g</emphasis>
.: 
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFCF2842C01D8FE4F" author="Hooper" box="[796,947,367,391]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. (1984) Sigmaxinella soelae and Desmacella ithystela, two new desmacellid sponges (Porifera, Axinellida, Desmacellidae) from the northwest shelf of western Australia, with a revision of the family Desmacellidae. Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences Monograph Series, 2, 58 pp." type="book" year="1984">Hooper 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFC51843306E1FE4F" author="Salani" box="[959,1162,367,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Salani, S., Monteiro da Cruz Lotufo, T. &amp; Hajdu, E. (2006) Sigmaxinella cearense sp. nov. from sandstone reefs of Fortaleze (Ceara State, Brazil) (Desmacellidae, Mycalina, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae). Zootaxa, 1369, 43 - 53." type="journal article" year="2006">
Salani 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFBE3842D062BFE40" box="[1037,1088,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
), yet they are differentiated clearly under electron microscopy (
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFD8E84C90007FE64" box="[608,620,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">e</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFD9A84C900E9FE64" box="[628,642,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">g</emphasis>
.: 
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFD7684C901E1FE64" author="Hooper" box="[664,906,404,428]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Levi, C. (1993) Poecilosclerida from the New Caledonia lagoon (Porifera: Demospongiae). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 7 (5), 1221 - 1302." type="journal article" year="1993">Hooper &amp; Lévi 1993</bibRefCitation>
). This is the case for 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFB9184C90300FE07" authority="Carter, 1885 sensu Dendy, 1897" authorityName="Carter, 1885 sensu Dendy" authorityYear="1897" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabellata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFB9184C9076CFE64" box="[1151,1287,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">S. flabellata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFAFE84C807F7FE64" author="Carter" box="[1296,1436,404,428]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Carter, H. J. (1885) Descriptions of sponges from the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads, South Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 16 (94), 277 - 294, 347 - 368." type="journal article" year="1885">Carter, 1885</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFF7984E502BEFE18" box="[151,213,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFF3284EB0300FE07" author="Dendy" box="[220,363,439,463]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Dendy, A. (1897) Catalogue of non-calcareous sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part III. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, new series, 9, 230 - 259." type="journal article" year="1897">Dendy, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
redescribed by 
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFDF284EB00B4FE07" author="Hallmann" box="[540,735,439,463]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Hallmann, E. F. (1916) A revision of the genera with microscleres included, or provisionally included, in the family Axinellidae; with descriptions of some Australian species. Part I and Part II, issued 1916; Part III issued 1917. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 41 (3 - 4), 453 - 491, 495 - 552, 634 - 675." type="journal article" year="1916">Hallmann (1916)</bibRefCitation>
. This species was described as having two categories of raphides, yet further examination indicates that the larger category, occurring both in bundles and singly, are microxeas, not raphides.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="251136CBFFBEFF9CFF29877802A3FCFF" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">
A further note on 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFE7887790075FDF4" box="[406,542,548,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabellata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFE7887790075FDF4" box="[406,542,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">S. flabellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is appropriate, as re-examination of one of the 
<typeStatus id="FA158869FFBEFF9CFBAE877906C9FDF5" box="[1088,1186,549,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFB258778034FFD97" authority="Carter, 1885" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1885" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabellata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFB25877807F7FDF4" box="[1227,1436,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Axinella flabellata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFF79871B034FFD97" author="Carter" box="[151,292,583,607]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Carter, H. J. (1885) Descriptions of sponges from the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads, South Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 16 (94), 277 - 294, 347 - 368." type="journal article" year="1885">Carter, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(BMNH 1886.12.15.471 from Port Phillip Heads, Victoria), the 
<typeStatus id="FA158869FFBEFF9CFBE487140651FDA8" box="[1034,1082,584,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFADA87140325FD4C" authority="Hallmann, 1916" authorityName="Hallmann" authorityYear="1916" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFADA871407F7FD97" box="[1332,1436,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Sigmaxia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFF7987300325FD4C" author="Hallmann" box="[151,334,620,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Hallmann, E. F. (1916) A revision of the genera with microscleres included, or provisionally included, in the family Axinellidae; with descriptions of some Australian species. Part I and Part II, issued 1916; Part III issued 1917. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 41 (3 - 4), 453 - 491, 495 - 552, 634 - 675." type="journal article" year="1916">Hallmann, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, shows this to actually be a species of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFD10873006EEFD4C" authority="Nardo, 1833" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1833" box="[766,1157,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Raspailia">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFD1087300102FD4C" box="[766,873,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Raspailia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFC948730018EFD4C" box="[890,997,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Raspailia</emphasis>
) Nardo, 1833
</taxonomicName>
. Unfortunately, the other 
<typeStatus id="FA158869FFBEFF9CFF7987CC0285FD60" box="[151,238,656,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
(BMNH 1886.12.15.143 wet) has not yet been located in the collections of the BMNH. Therefore, for the time being, we must use the concept of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFDA387E8013AFD04" box="[589,849,692,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabellata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFDA387E8013AFD04" box="[589,849,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Sigmaxinella flabellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the sense of 
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFC1387E806BFFD04" author="Dendy" box="[1021,1236,692,716]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Dendy, A. (1897) Catalogue of non-calcareous sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part III. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, new series, 9, 230 - 259." type="journal article" year="1897">Dendy (1897: 241)</bibRefCitation>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="413F4B3AFFBEFF9CFB3087E802A1FD27" author="Hallmann" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" refString="Hallmann, E. F. (1916) A revision of the genera with microscleres included, or provisionally included, in the family Axinellidae; with descriptions of some Australian species. Part I and Part II, issued 1916; Part III issued 1917. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 41 (3 - 4), 453 - 491, 495 - 552, 634 - 675." type="journal article" year="1916">Hallmann (1916: 535)</bibRefCitation>
subsequently redescribed 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFE12878400EDFD38" box="[508,646,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabellata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFE12878400EDFD38" box="[508,646,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">S. flabellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
much more comprehensively based on new material, which he also stated he compared to “one of Dendy’s specimens”. Carter’s (1885) original concept of 
<taxonomicName id="E2AE4D48FFBEFF9CFB8B87A0069BFCDC" box="[1125,1264,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Sigmaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabellata">
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFB8B87A0061DFCDC" box="[1125,1142,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="17DAEAD9FFBEFF9CFB6A87A0069BFCDC" box="[1156,1264,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">flabellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains uncertain.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>