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<mods:title>Hydroids and hydromedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Galea, Horia R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2007-09-28</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3RVMJ" authority="Jaderholm, 1904" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,609,213,239]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulinidae" genus="Lafoeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longitheca">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,609,213,239]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,394,213,239]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lafoeina longitheca</emphasis>
Jäderholm, 1904
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</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="37.[151,609,213,274]" box="[151,374,248,274]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">(fig. 8O, P, table 5)</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation author="Jaderholm, E." box="[151,594,314,337]" page="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1904">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3RVMJ" authority="Jaderholm, 1904 b: 4" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,594,314,337]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulinidae" genus="Lafoeina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longitheca">
<emphasis box="[151,365,314,337]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lafoeina longitheca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Jaderholm, E." box="[372,594,314,337]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref78315" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904 b) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 4 (3), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm, 1904b: 4</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation author="Jaderholm, E." box="[606,702,314,337]" page="20" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1905">
<bibRefCitation author="Jaderholm, E." box="[606,702,314,337]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref78352" refString="* Jaderholm, E. (1905) Hydroiden aus antarktischen und subantarktischen Meeren gesammelt von der schwedischen Sudpolar-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 5 (8), 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="1905">1905: 20</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1–2, pl. 8;
<treatmentCitation author="Billard, A." box="[877,1061,314,337]" page="12" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation author="Billard, A." box="[877,1061,314,337]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref74758" refString="Billard, A. (1914) Hydroides. Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 1910), commandee par le Dr Jean Charcot. Masson, Paris, pp. 1 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1914">Billard, 1914: 12</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation author="Stepanjants, S. D." box="[1073,1306,314,337]" page="41" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation author="Stepanjants, S. D." box="[1073,1306,314,337]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref82320" refString="Stepanjants, S. D. (1979) Gidroidy vod antarktiki i subantarktiki. In: Rezul'taty biologicheskikh issledovanii sovetskikh antarkticheskikh ekspeditsii, 6. Issledovaniya Fauny Morei, 22 (30), 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1979">Stepanjants, 1979: 41</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 7 fig. 9;
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<bibRefCitation author="Blanco, O. M. &amp; Zamponi, M. O. &amp; Genzano, G. N." box="[199,469,346,369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="267 - 278" refId="ref75093" refString="Blanco, O. M., Zamponi, M. O. &amp; Genzano, G. N. (2000 a) Campanulinidae de la Argentina (Coelenterata, Hydrozoa, Hydroida). Revista del Museo de La Plata, 14 (163), 267 - 278." type="journal article" year="2000">
Blanco
<emphasis box="[281,335,346,369]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
, 2000a: 269
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, fig. 2;
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<bibRefCitation author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[550,890,346,369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="2269 - 2303" refId="ref80455" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Antarctic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the families Campanulinidae, Lafoeidae and Campanulariidae from recent Antarctic expeditions with RV Polarstern, with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 2269 - 2303." type="journal article" year="2004">
Peña Cantero
<emphasis box="[700,754,346,369]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
, 2004: 2274
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, fig. 1A–B.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,389,407,433]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[405,520,407,433]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Stn. CFA</emphasis>
—
<date box="[553,679,408,434]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2006-03-14">14.iii.2006</date>
, 10–
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, S88: a sterile colony, epizoic on
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Mayer" authorityYear="1910" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pyramidata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Bougainvillia pyramidata</emphasis>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[346,416,448,474]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">INVE</collectionCode>
53322).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="37.[151,1437,407,1274]" box="[199,798,487,514]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<materialsCitation box="[199,591,487,514]" country="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" location="Off" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,357,487,513]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<typeStatus box="[199,260,487,513]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
locality
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.
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, West
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.
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,344,527,553]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description</emphasis>
. Colony minute, stolonal, with individual hydrothecae and nematothecae arising directly from a branching, anastomosing hydrorhiza, firmly attached to its substrate, a colony of
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Mayer" authorityYear="1910" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pyramidata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Bougainvillia pyramidata</emphasis>
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. Hydrothecae long, tubular, slightly curving, generally with 2–3 widely-spaced renovations; basal part narrowing fairly suddenly and attached directly to stolon; hydrothecal pedicel absent; hydrothecal rim slightly everted. Closing apparatus composed of several triangular flaps, connected by a hyaline membrane and folding together to form a pointed roof; sometimes operculum inwardly closed; with fine crease-line between bases of opercular flaps and hydrothecal rim. Nematothecae long, narrow, distal part slightly swollen, with small, circular, apical aperture; provided with several large, banana-shaped nematocysts.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="37.[151,1437,407,1274]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,313,847,873]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Remarks</emphasis>
. Several authors reported a variable number of basal annulations of hydrothecae (
<bibRefCitation author="Jaderholm, E." pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref78315" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904 b) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 4 (3), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm 1904b</bibRefCitation>
,
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,
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Blanco
<emphasis box="[545,597,888,913]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
. 2000a
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[708,1017,888,914]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="2269 - 2303" refId="ref80455" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Antarctic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the families Campanulinidae, Lafoeidae and Campanulariidae from recent Antarctic expeditions with RV Polarstern, with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 2269 - 2303." type="journal article" year="2004">
Peña Cantero
<emphasis box="[873,932,888,913]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
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found only a few hydrothecae having a single annular constriction. In the present material, the majority of hydrothecae are smooth-walled, only a few of them being provided with 2–3 transverse constrictions of perisarc (fig. 8O). Renovations of hydrothecal margin were observed by
<bibRefCitation author="Blanco, O. M. &amp; Zamponi, M. O. &amp; Genzano, G. N." box="[518,773,1008,1034]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="267 - 278" refId="ref75093" refString="Blanco, O. M., Zamponi, M. O. &amp; Genzano, G. N. (2000 a) Campanulinidae de la Argentina (Coelenterata, Hydrozoa, Hydroida). Revista del Museo de La Plata, 14 (163), 267 - 278." type="journal article" year="2000">
Blanco
<emphasis box="[611,671,1008,1033]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
(2000a)
</bibRefCitation>
, but they were neither mentioned, nor figured, by
<bibRefCitation author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W." pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="2269 - 2303" refId="ref80455" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Antarctic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the families Campanulinidae, Lafoeidae and Campanulariidae from recent Antarctic expeditions with RV Polarstern, with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 2269 - 2303." type="journal article" year="2004">
Peña Cantero
<emphasis box="[251,309,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
.
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Blanco
<emphasis box="[499,557,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
(2000a)
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reported hydranths with eight tentacles, while in the present material their number is
<emphasis box="[382,410,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">ca</emphasis>
10. The gonothecae of this species still remain to be described.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="37.[151,1437,407,1274]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,433,1127,1153]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">World distribution</emphasis>
.
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<emphasis box="[447,682,1128,1153]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Lafoeina longitheca</emphasis>
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has a sub- and circumantarctic distribution, being recorded from off Kerguélen, East and West
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, Pacific coasts of
<collectingCountry box="[836,953,1168,1194]" name="Argentina" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[968,1264,1168,1194]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="2269 - 2303" refId="ref80455" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2004) Antarctic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the families Campanulinidae, Lafoeidae and Campanulariidae from recent Antarctic expeditions with RV Polarstern, with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 2269 - 2303." type="journal article" year="2004">
Peña Cantero
<emphasis box="[1134,1193,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
2004
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="37.[151,1437,407,1274]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,447,1207,1233]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Records from
<collectingCountry box="[381,447,1207,1233]" name="Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chile</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. The present material was found at only one station, Canal Fallos. This is the first record for Chile.
</paragraph>
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