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<mods:title id="9A4A8DFE62B760F89FD9BC6751BE9C56">A new multilocus phylogeny reveals overlooked diversity in African freshwater crabs (Brachyura: Potamoidea): a major revision with new higher taxa and genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C66F63426DC4BFFFBF551E931B0CE9B6">Cumberlidge, Neil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4F9A4A295692F27B54DFA5D72706AA0A">Daniels, Savel R.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="BAF265724F22FF8E04CBF93FFD2850A7" box="[211,694,1706,1731]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F25736F94F22FF8E04CBF93FFD2850A7" blockId="15.[211,694,1706,1731]" box="[211,694,1706,1731]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">
<heading id="A91F81954F22FF8E04CBF93FFD2850A7" box="[211,694,1706,1731]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">
SUBFAMILY
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F22FF8E0542F93FFD2850A7" ID-CoL="847JL" authority="BOTT, 1970" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[346,694,1706,1731]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Potamonautinae">
POTAMONAUTINAE
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F22FF8E062BF93FFD2850A7" author="Bott R" box="[563,694,1706,1731]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" pagination="327 - 344" refId="ref29446" refString="Bott R. 1970. Betrachtungen uber die Entwicklungsgeschichte und Verbreitung der Susswasser Krabben nach der Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Genf / Schweiz. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 77: 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1970">BOTT, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BAF265724F22FF8E050AF945FDE9508D" box="[274,631,1744,1769]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F25736F94F22FF8E050AF945FDE9508D" blockId="15.[274,631,1744,1769]" box="[274,631,1744,1769]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">
(
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F22FF8E0502F945FEE8508D" box="[282,374,1744,1769]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">FIGS 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F22FF8E059CF945FE0C508D" box="[388,402,1744,1769]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[163,241,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-309@14.[163,1443,195,1303]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Gonopods 1 and 2 of the four genera in Erimetopini. AC, Erimetopus vandenbrandeni; DF, Longipotamonautes ballayi; GI, Nesonautes margaritarius; JL, Occidensonautes ecorssei. Scale bar: AL = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461487/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F22FF8E0587F945FE33508D" box="[415,429,1744,1769]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="16.[163,241,788,810]" captionTargetBox="[164,1443,195,749]" captionTargetId="figure-409@16.[163,1443,195,749]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 6. Gonopods 1 and 2 of two genera in Potamonautini. AC, Potamonautes anchetiae (CAW 450A), Angola. A, D, left G1 ventral view. DF, Rotundopotamonautes loveni, Kenya, B, E, left G1 dorsal view; C, F, left G2 ventral view. Scale bar: A, B, D, E = 2.0 mm, C, F = 1.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461491/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F22FF8E05A2F945FDA0508C" box="[442,574,1744,1769]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="17.[145,224,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,195,1227]" captionTargetId="figure-288@17.[225,1345,195,1227]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 8. Maps showing the distributional ranges of (A) Potamonautinae, (B) Maritimonautini, (C) Erimetopini and (D) Potamonautini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461497/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">8A; TABLES</figureCitation>
13)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BAF265724F22FF900489F96FFE8C5103" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="1285" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F25736F94F22FF8E0489F96FFB7750E7" blockId="15.[145,762,1785,1899]" lastBlockId="15.[809,1424,1584,1667]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F22FF8E0489F96FFE90516B" box="[145,270,1786,1807]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F22FF8E053DF96CFE74516B" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[293,490,1785,1807]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="1309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Potamonautinae">Potamonautinae</taxonomicName>
are recognized by the lack of an intermediate tooth between the exorbital and epibranchial teeth on the anterolateral margin of the carapace, by the elongated G2 TA, 0.9 × the G2 SA length (
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F22FF8E079FF9A5FB8C5021" box="[903,1042,1584,1606]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[163,241,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-309@14.[163,1443,195,1303]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Gonopods 1 and 2 of the four genera in Erimetopini. AC, Erimetopus vandenbrandeni; DF, Longipotamonautes ballayi; GI, Nesonautes margaritarius; JL, Occidensonautes ecorssei. Scale bar: AL = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461487/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">Fig. 4C, F, I</figureCitation>
) and by the exopod of the third maxilliped that has a flagellum that is subequal in length to the exopod (
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F22FF8E0007F9F8FB1350E6" box="[1055,1165,1645,1667]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[163,241,1342,1364]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-309@14.[163,1443,195,1303]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Gonopods 1 and 2 of the four genera in Erimetopini. AC, Erimetopus vandenbrandeni; DF, Longipotamonautes ballayi; GI, Nesonautes margaritarius; JL, Occidensonautes ecorssei. Scale bar: AL = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461487/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">Figs 4AI</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F22FF8E0083F9F8FB4450E7" box="[1179,1242,1645,1667]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[145,224,1409,1431]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1369]" captionTargetId="figure-190@15.[145,1425,195,1369]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Gonopods 1 and 2 of one genus in Maritimonautini and three genera in Potamonautini. AC, Maritimonautes obesus; DF, Arcopotamonautes suprasulcatus; GI, Lirrangopotamonautes dybowskii; JL, Platythelphusa armata. Scale bar: A, B, GL = 2.0 mm, C, F = 1.8 mm; D, E = 5.0 mm; L = 6.7 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461489/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">5AE</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F25736F94F22FF8E0731F921FBEC508C" blockId="15.[809,1425,1716,1768]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F22FF8E0731F921FC5B50AD" box="[809,965,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">
<typeStatus id="2D53885B4F22FF8E0731F921FCFA50AD" box="[809,868,1716,1737]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F22FF8E07CDF921FAC350AD" authority="MacLeay, 1838" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1838" box="[981,1373,1716,1737]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F22FF8E07CDF921FB1550AD" box="[981,1163,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">Potamonautes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F22FF8E0081F921FAC350AD" author="MacLeay WS" box="[1177,1373,1716,1737]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref34431" refString="MacLeay WS. 1838. Brachyurous decapod Crustacea. In: Smith A, ed. Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa; consisting chiefly of figures and descriptions of the objects of natural history collected during an expedition into the interior of South Africa, in the years 1834, 1835, and 1836; fitted out by &quot; The Cape of Good Hope Association for Exploring Central Africa &quot;, (Invertebrates), (1849). London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1 - 75." type="book chapter" year="1838">MacLeay, 1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy, gender masculine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F25736F94F22FF8E0731F88CFAF75108" blockId="15.[809,1425,1817,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F22FF8E0731F88CFC2D514A" box="[809,947,1817,1838]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283">Etymology:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F22FF8E07DAF88CFB11514B" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[962,1167,1817,1839]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="1309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Potamonautinae">Potamonautinae</taxonomicName>
is derived from the family level name
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F22FF8E07E0F8ADFAB05129" authority="Bott, 1970" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[1016,1326,1848,1870]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Potamonautidae
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F22FF8E00A1F8ADFAB05129" author="Bott R" box="[1209,1326,1848,1869]" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" pagination="327 - 344" refId="ref29446" refString="Bott R. 1970. Betrachtungen uber die Entwicklungsgeschichte und Verbreitung der Susswasser Krabben nach der Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Genf / Schweiz. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 77: 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1970">Bott, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and this subfamily is assigned here to the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F22FF8E00BFF8C3FAFB5108" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[1191,1381,1878,1900]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="1283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Potamonautidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A69766714F3DFF9104BBFC81FD8D5501" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6461491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461491/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" startId="16.[163,241,788,810]" targetBox="[164,1443,195,749]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="F25736F94F3DFF9104BBFC81FD8D5501" blockId="16.[163,1443,788,869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBFC81FE95554D" bold="true" box="[163,267,788,810]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Gonopods 1 and 2 of two genera in
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF91069DFC81FCBD554E" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[645,803,788,810]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Potamonautini">Potamonautini</taxonomicName>
. AC,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF91077CFC80FBFE554E" box="[868,1120,788,810]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anchetiae">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF91077CFC80FBFE554E" box="[868,1120,788,810]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Potamonautes anchetiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(CAW 450A), Angola. A, D, left G1 ventral view. DF,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF910597FCA7FD21552C" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Colosi" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[399,703,818,840]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Rotundopotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loveni">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF910597FCA7FD21552C" box="[399,703,818,840]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Rotundopotamonautes loveni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Kenya, B, E, left G1 dorsal view; C, F, left G2 ventral view. Scale bar: A, B, D, E = 2.0 mm, C, F = 1.8 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A69766714F3DFF9104BBFA10FBE653FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461495" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6461495" box="[163,1144,1413,1435]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461495/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" startId="16.[163,241,1413,1435]" targetBox="[323,1283,924,1374]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="F25736F94F3DFF9104BBFA10FBE653FF" blockId="16.[163,1144,1413,1435]" box="[163,1144,1413,1435]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBFA10FE9553FF" bold="true" box="[163,267,1413,1435]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Maps showing the distributional range of (A)
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9106EAFA10FC0153FF" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[754,927,1413,1435]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Potamonautidae</taxonomicName>
, (B)
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9107D7FA10FBED53FF" authority="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels, 2022" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[975,1139,1413,1435]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Liberonautinae">Liberonautinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F25736F94F3DFF9104BBFA5DFED1507E" blockId="16.[163,778,1480,1562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBFA5DFE0C53B9" box="[163,402,1480,1501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Tr i b e s i n c l u d e d:</emphasis>
E r i m e t o p i n i t r i b e n o v.,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9104BBFA73FEF85398" authority="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels, 2022" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[163,358,1510,1532]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Maritimonautini">Maritimonautini</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBAF57904F3DFF910576FA73FE445398" box="[366,474,1510,1532]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" rank="tribe">tribe nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF91060DFA73FF7C507E" authority="(Bott, 1970)" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1970" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Potamonautini">
Potamonautini (
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3DFF9106CAFA72FF44507E" author="Bott R" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" pagination="327 - 344" refId="ref29446" refString="Bott R. 1970. Betrachtungen uber die Entwicklungsgeschichte und Verbreitung der Susswasser Krabben nach der Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Genf / Schweiz. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 77: 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1970">Bott, 1970</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
stat. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F25736F94F3DFF9104BBF9ACFD385141" blockId="16.[163,780,1593,1829]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBF9ACFE09502B" box="[163,407,1593,1615]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Genera included:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9105B2F9ACFF755009" authority="(Bott, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Arcopotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9105B2F9ACFD34502B" box="[426,682,1593,1615]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Arcopotamonautes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3DFF9106DFF9ACFF7F5009" author="Bott R" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" pagination="209 - 352" refId="ref29250" refString="Bott R. 1955. Die Susswasserkrabben von Africa und ihre Stammesgeschichte. Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge serie 3: 209 - 352." type="journal article" year="1955">Bott, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
stat. nov.,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF910589F9CDFC9C5009" authority="Rathbun, 1894" authorityName="Rathbun" authorityYear="1894" box="[401,770,1624,1646]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Erimetopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF910589F9CDFDB45009" box="[401,554,1624,1645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Erimetopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3DFF910622F9CDFC9C5009" author="Rathbun MJ" box="[570,770,1624,1646]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" pagination="25 - 27" refId="ref36341" refString="Rathbun MJ. 1894. Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of African fresh-water crabs. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum 17: 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1894">Rathbun, 1894</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9104BBF9E2FDE450E8" authority="(Bott, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[163,634,1654,1676]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Lirrangopotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBF9E2FE5050E8" box="[163,462,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Lirrangopotamonautes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3DFF9105FDF9E2FDEE50E8" author="Bott R" box="[485,624,1654,1676]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" pagination="209 - 352" refId="ref29250" refString="Bott R. 1955. Die Susswasserkrabben von Africa und ihre Stammesgeschichte. Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge serie 3: 209 - 352." type="journal article" year="1955">Bott, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
stat. nov.,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9104BBF903FDF250CE" authority="(Bott, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[163,620,1685,1707]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Longipotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBF903FE2F50CF" box="[163,433,1685,1707]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Longipotamonautes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3DFF9105D5F900FDFF50CF" author="Bott R" box="[461,609,1685,1707]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" pagination="209 - 352" refId="ref29250" refString="Bott R. 1955. Die Susswasserkrabben von Africa und ihre Stammesgeschichte. Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge serie 3: 209 - 352." type="journal article" year="1955">Bott, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
stat. nov.,
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBF921FEF250AD" box="[163,364,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Maritimonautes</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBAF57904F3DFF910560F921FE7450AD" box="[376,490,1716,1737]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9105E2F921FD1650AD" box="[506,648,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Nesonautes</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBAF57904F3DFF91068CF921FC9B50AD" box="[660,773,1716,1737]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9104BBF947FEF85083" authority="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels, 2022" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[163,358,1746,1767]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Occidensonautes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBF947FEF85083" box="[163,358,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Occidensonautes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBAF57904F3DFF910576F946FE49508C" box="[366,471,1747,1768]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9105FBF947FD085083" authorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1887" box="[483,662,1746,1767]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Platythelphusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9105FBF947FD085083" box="[483,662,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Platythelphusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A. Milne- Edwards, 1887,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF910543F967FD315162" authority="MacLeay, 1838" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1838" box="[347,687,1777,1799]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF910543F967FE635163" box="[347,509,1778,1799]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Potamonautes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3DFF91061CF964FD315162" author="MacLeay WS" box="[516,687,1777,1798]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref34431" refString="MacLeay WS. 1838. Brachyurous decapod Crustacea. In: Smith A, ed. Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa; consisting chiefly of figures and descriptions of the objects of natural history collected during an expedition into the interior of South Africa, in the years 1834, 1835, and 1836; fitted out by &quot; The Cape of Good Hope Association for Exploring Central Africa &quot;, (Invertebrates), (1849). London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1 - 75." type="book chapter" year="1838">MacLeay, 1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9106AEF967FD465163" box="[694,728,1778,1799]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBAF57904F3DFF9106AEF967FD465163" box="[694,728,1778,1799]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9104BBF89AFDA85141" authority="(Bott, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[163,566,1807,1829]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Rotundopotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBF89AFE395140" box="[163,423,1807,1828]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Rotundopotamonautes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3DFF9105AEF885FDB05141" author="Bott R" box="[438,558,1807,1829]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" pagination="209 - 352" refId="ref29250" refString="Bott R. 1955. Die Susswasserkrabben von Africa und ihre Stammesgeschichte. Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge serie 3: 209 - 352." type="journal article" year="1955">Bott, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
stat. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F25736F94F3DFF9104BBF8D6FA8450D0" blockId="16.[163,778,1859,1912]" lastBlockId="16.[827,1443,1479,1716]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9104BBF8D6FEA2513C" box="[163,316,1859,1880]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF910549F8D6FD8A513D" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[337,532,1859,1881]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Potamonautinae">Potamonautinae</taxonomicName>
is found throughout sub-Saharan Africa in the following regions and countries: West Africa (from
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF9100BFFA52FA9653B9" box="[1191,1288,1479,1501]" name="Senegal" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Senegal</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF91012DFA52FA0A53B9" box="[1333,1428,1479,1501]" name="Nigeria" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910723FA73FC615398" box="[827,1023,1510,1532]" name="Sao Tome Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">São Tomé Island</collectingCountry>
, Central Africa (
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF9100DBFA73FAA3539F" box="[1219,1341,1510,1531]" name="Cameroon" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910151FA73FC65507F" name="Central African Republic" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF91001EF990FBCC507F" box="[1030,1106,1541,1563]" name="Gabon" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Gabon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910045F990FAAA507F" box="[1117,1332,1541,1563]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910127F990FC5B505D" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
and the D.R.
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910041F9B1FB3D505E" box="[1113,1187,1572,1594]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Congo</collectingCountry>
), eastern and northern Africa (
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910797F9D7FC62503C" box="[911,1020,1602,1624]" name="Tanzania" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910010F9D6FBCA503C" box="[1032,1108,1603,1624]" name="Kenya" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910047F9D7FB6B503C" box="[1119,1269,1602,1624]" name="South Sudan" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910119F9D7FAD2503C" box="[1281,1356,1602,1624]" name="Sudan" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Sudan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910140F9D6FA00503C" box="[1368,1438,1603,1624]" name="Egypt" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910723F9F4FC3D5013" box="[827,931,1633,1655]" name="Somalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Somalia</collectingCountry>
) and southern Africa (
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF9100C9F9F4FAB35013" box="[1233,1325,1633,1655]" name="Angola" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Angola</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910126F9F4FA035013" box="[1342,1437,1633,1655]" name="Malawi" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Malawi</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910723F9EAFC5050F1" box="[827,974,1663,1685]" name="Mozambique" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF9107C1F9EAFBAF50F1" box="[985,1073,1663,1685]" name="Zambia" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Zambia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910023F9EAFB2C50F1" box="[1083,1202,1663,1685]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF9100A5F915FAB150F1" box="[1213,1327,1664,1685]" name="Botswana" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Botswana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910122F9EAFA0150F1" box="[1338,1439,1663,1685]" name="Namibia" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Namibia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910723F90BFC5550D0" box="[827,971,1694,1716]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF9107CEF90BFBA050D0" box="[982,1086,1694,1716]" name="Swaziland" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Eswatini</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AFF76694F3DFF910051F90BFB3D50D0" box="[1097,1187,1694,1716]" name="Lesotho" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Lesotho</collectingCountry>
) (
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3DFF9100A2F90BFA9550D7" box="[1210,1291,1694,1716]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="17.[145,224,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,195,1227]" captionTargetId="figure-288@17.[225,1345,195,1227]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 8. Maps showing the distributional ranges of (A) Potamonautinae, (B) Maritimonautini, (C) Erimetopini and (D) Potamonautini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461497/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F25736F94F3DFF900723F970FE8C5103" blockId="16.[827,1442,1765,1909]" lastBlockId="17.[145,762,1413,1895]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="1285" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF910723F970FC28509E" box="[827,950,1765,1786]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9107DFF970FB3F509E" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[967,1185,1765,1787]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Potamonautinae">Potamonautinae</taxonomicName>
is a monophyletic assemblage (
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3DFF9107FAF896FBA1517D" box="[994,1087,1795,1817]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) with three main lineages, the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF910763F8B6FBF0515C" authority="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels, 2022" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[891,1134,1826,1848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1285" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Maritimonautini">Maritimonautini</taxonomicName>
for
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9100A4F8B6FA3C515C" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[1212,1442,1827,1848]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Maritimonautes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9100A4F8B6FA3C515C" box="[1212,1442,1827,1848]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Maritimonautes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3DFF91075EF8D4FC225132" box="[838,956,1857,1879]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Fig. 1B 1</figureCitation>
), the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF910002F8D4FB4C5133" box="[1050,1234,1857,1879]" pageId="16" pageNumber="1278" rank="tribe" tribe="Congowestini">Congowestini</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3DFF9100F5F8D4FACC5132" box="[1261,1362,1857,1879]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3DFF91014DF8D4FAFD5132" box="[1365,1379,1857,1878]" captionStart="Figure" captionStartId="11.[145,172,844,866]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,195,804]" captionTargetId="figure-779@11.[149,757,195,804]" captionText="Figure 2. Liberonautinae. Gonopods 1 and 2 of Liberonautes latidactylus, NMU9.V.2005B (CW 72, CL 47.2, CH 20.5, FW 19.3 mm) Guinea, West Africa. A, left G1 ventral view; (B) left G1 dorsal view; (C) left G2 ventral view. Scale bar: A, B = 2.8 mm, C = 1.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461483/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">2</figureCitation>
) for
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF910723F8F5FC575111" authorityName="Rathbun" authorityYear="1894" box="[827,969,1888,1909]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Erimetopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF910723F8F5FC575111" box="[827,969,1888,1909]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Erimetopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9107C2F8F5FB535111" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[986,1229,1888,1909]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Longipotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9107C2F8F5FB535111" box="[986,1229,1888,1909]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Longipotamonautes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3DFF9100C7F8F5FAF55111" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[1247,1387,1888,1909]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Nesonautes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3DFF9100C7F8F5FAF55111" box="[1247,1387,1888,1909]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="1284">Nesonautes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF900489FA10FEC653FE" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[145,344,1413,1434]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Occidensonautes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3CFF900489FA10FEC653FE" box="[145,344,1413,1434]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Occidensonautes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF9005DEFA10FDE753FF" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[454,633,1413,1435]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Potamonautini">Potamonautini</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF900693FA10FD7F53FE" box="[651,737,1413,1435]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF9006F9FA10FD6E53FE" box="[737,752,1413,1434]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[163,240,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-242@12.[163,1443,195,1204]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. Gonopods 1 and 2 of four genera in Liberonautinae. AC, Buea asylos (Cumberlidge et al., 2019: fig. 7a, d; 8a); DF, Potamonemus mambilorum (Cumberlidge et al., 2019: fig. 7b, e; 8b); GI, Sudanonautes floweri; JL, Louisea balssi (Mvogo Ndongo et al., 2018: fig. 5ac, © Magnolia Press, reproduced with permission from the copyright holder). A, D, G, J, left G1 ventral view; B, E, H, K, left G1 dorsal view; C, F, I, L, left G2 ventral view. Scale bar: A, B, D, E, G, H, J, K = 2.0 mm, C, F, I, L = 1.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461485/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">3</figureCitation>
) for
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3CFF9004DAFA31FD6F53DD" box="[194,753,1444,1465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF9004DAFA31FE2A53DD" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[194,436,1444,1465]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Arcopotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Arcopotamonautes</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF9005DFFA31FD6F53DD" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[455,753,1444,1465]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Lirrangopotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lirrangopotamonautes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF900489FA56FEE953BC" authorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1887" box="[145,375,1474,1496]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Platythelphusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3CFF900489FA56FEE953BC" box="[145,375,1474,1496]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Platythelphusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3CFF900580FA56FD3053BC" box="[408,686,1475,1496]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF900580FA56FDF753BC" authority="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels, 2022" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[408,617,1475,1496]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="s . s .">Potamonautes</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBAF57904F3CFF900698FA56FD3053BC" box="[640,686,1475,1496]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">s. s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF900489FA74FE325392" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[145,428,1505,1526]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Rotundopotamonautes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3CFF900489FA74FE325392" box="[145,428,1505,1526]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Rotundopotamonautes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The relationships in the updated phylogeny (
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF90058DF995FE715071" box="[405,495,1536,1558]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) agree with those of
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3CFF900489F98BFE375051" author="Daniels SR &amp; Klaus S" box="[145,425,1566,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" pagination="119 - 128" refId="ref33119" refString="Daniels SR, Klaus S. 2018. Divergent evolutionary origins and biogeographic histories of two freshwater crabs (Brachyura: Potamonautes) on the West African conveyer belt islands of Sao Tome and Principe. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127: 119 - 128." type="journal article" year="2018">Daniels &amp; Klaus (2018)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="96794B084F3CFF9005FDF98BFD255051" author="Wood LE &amp; De Grave S &amp; Cumberlidge N &amp; Kennerley A &amp; Daniels SR" box="[485,699,1566,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" pagination="2219 - 2230" refId="ref37030" refString="Wood LE, De Grave S, Cumberlidge N, Kennerley A, Daniels SR. 2019. A phylogenetic perspective on biodiversity patterns of Afrotropical freshwater crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamonautidae). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 29: 2219 - 2230." type="journal article" year="2019">
Wood
<emphasis id="C09CEAEB4F3CFF900635F98AFDF65057" box="[557,616,1566,1588]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
each of which recovered a well-supported clade (
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF900685F9A8FD6D5036" box="[669,755,1597,1619]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
, the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF9004D9F9C9FE145016" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[193,394,1628,1650]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Potamonautinae">Potamonautinae</taxonomicName>
) with the three lineages that are recognized here as three tribes (
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF900640F9EFFD5E50F4" box="[600,704,1658,1680]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Fig. 1B1</figureCitation>
, B
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF9006FCF9EEFD6D50F4" box="[740,755,1659,1680]" captionStart="Figure" captionStartId="11.[145,172,844,866]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,195,804]" captionTargetId="figure-779@11.[149,757,195,804]" captionText="Figure 2. Liberonautinae. Gonopods 1 and 2 of Liberonautes latidactylus, NMU9.V.2005B (CW 72, CL 47.2, CH 20.5, FW 19.3 mm) Guinea, West Africa. A, left G1 ventral view; (B) left G1 dorsal view; (C) left G2 ventral view. Scale bar: A, B = 2.8 mm, C = 1.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461483/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">2</figureCitation>
, B3). Divergence within the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF9005F6F90CFD2750CB" authorityName="Bott" authorityYear="1970" box="[494,697,1689,1711]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Potamonautinae">Potamonautinae</taxonomicName>
took place 23.41 Mya during the Oligocene-Miocene when the earliest clade (the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF90060FF943FD6C5088" authority="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels, 2022" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[535,754,1750,1772]" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Maritimonautini">Maritimonautini</taxonomicName>
;
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF900489F960FF64516E" box="[145,250,1781,1803]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Fig. 1B1</figureCitation>
) branched off. This was followed by the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF900489F881FEBD514E" authority="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels, 2022" authorityName="Cumberlidge &amp; Daniels" authorityYear="2022" box="[145,291,1812,1834]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Erimetopini">Erimetopini</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF90052DF881FE14514D" box="[309,394,1812,1834]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF900592F881FE04514D" box="[394,410,1812,1833]" captionStart="Figure" captionStartId="11.[145,172,844,866]" captionTargetBox="[149,757,195,804]" captionTargetId="figure-779@11.[149,757,195,804]" captionText="Figure 2. Liberonautinae. Gonopods 1 and 2 of Liberonautes latidactylus, NMU9.V.2005B (CW 72, CL 47.2, CH 20.5, FW 19.3 mm) Guinea, West Africa. A, left G1 ventral view; (B) left G1 dorsal view; (C) left G2 ventral view. Scale bar: A, B = 2.8 mm, C = 1.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461483/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">2</figureCitation>
), which diverged 22.03 Mya, and by the
<taxonomicName id="35E84D7A4F3CFF90050BF8A7FE5F512C" baseAuthorityName="Bott" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[275,449,1842,1864]" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="1274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Potamonautini">Potamonautini</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF9005C9F8A7FDBD512C" box="[465,547,1842,1864]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[163,244,905,927]" captionTargetBox="[164,1447,197,865]" captionTargetId="figure-453@2.[163,1449,195,866]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna based on four DNA loci with support values (posterior probabilities and bootstrap values of the ML analyses) with a geological timescale below the tree topology. Posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95 pP (*above branch) and bootstrap values&gt; 75% (* below branch) were regarded as statistically supported and are shown on the tree topology. Clade A, Liberonautinae, clade B, Potamonautinae, clade B1, Maritimonautini, clade B2, Erimetopini, clade B3, Potamonautini. B, detail of the maximum clade credibility tree of the Afrotropical freshwater crab fauna showing Clade B3 Potamonautini with the species included in the five genera within the tribe: Arcopotamonautes (B3[1]), Lirrangopotamonautes (B3[2]), Platythelphusa (B3[3]), Potamonautes s.s. (B3[4]) and Rotundopotamonautes (B3[5])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461481/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6AD32A7C4F3CFF90063BF8A6FDAF512C" box="[547,561,1843,1864]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="12.[163,240,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-242@12.[163,1443,195,1204]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 3. Gonopods 1 and 2 of four genera in Liberonautinae. AC, Buea asylos (Cumberlidge et al., 2019: fig. 7a, d; 8a); DF, Potamonemus mambilorum (Cumberlidge et al., 2019: fig. 7b, e; 8b); GI, Sudanonautes floweri; JL, Louisea balssi (Mvogo Ndongo et al., 2018: fig. 5ac, © Magnolia Press, reproduced with permission from the copyright holder). A, D, G, J, left G1 ventral view; B, E, H, K, left G1 dorsal view; C, F, I, L, left G2 ventral view. Scale bar: A, B, D, E, G, H, J, K = 2.0 mm, C, F, I, L = 1.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6461485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6461485/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="1285">3</figureCitation>
), which diverged 21.10 Mya.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>