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<document id="39A5168F9BF7D60B5CB276BA8B9C7CE4" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.753.1389" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef34abf2-a217-4ef5-afdf-38ce6e0e7a1f" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945875" ID-ZooBank="8009DD3B-53B0-45C9-921E-58D04C9C0B48" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623679233064" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Tissier, Jérémy, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier &amp; Becker, Damien" docDate="2021" docId="C53FFD4DD71EFF84FDAFDD751945A543" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-753_1-80.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 753" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.753.1389" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ronzotherium filholi" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="39068535D704FFA7FF92D82A1A54A132" masterDocTitle="New species, revision, and phylogeny of Ronzotherium Aymard, 1854 (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae)" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1701996866390" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A524B13F2563FB6FF5D6305C819C668F">New species, revision, and phylogeny of Ronzotherium Aymard, 1854 (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="176452C475F9245B0B650931323F3E11">Tissier, Jérémy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="57256B21D9DBD6061050FF3B525ED117">Route de Fontenais 21, JURASSICA Museum, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland &amp; Chemin du musée 4, Université de Fribourg, Department of Geosciences, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C4A1E8AF8CD7E0E52DAE44B994116B1F">Antoine, Pierre-Olivier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A9DE2652E9AB01837653E8C73EDC339F">Place Eugène Bataillon, Institut des sciences de l’évolution de Montpellier-CNRS-IRD-RPHE, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="BB092D40FAABF78E61F2B104864B7118">Route de Fontenais 21, JURASSICA Museum, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland &amp; Chemin du musée 4, Université de Fribourg, Department of Geosciences, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFDAFDD7519A2A44B" authority="(Osborn, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[573,1014,1375,1402]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFDAFDD75196FA448" bold="true" box="[573,827,1375,1402]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFCD9DD7519BAA44B" author="Osborn H. F." box="[843,1006,1375,1401]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
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<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED71EFFBDFD4BDDA8190FA4AF" box="[729,859,1410,1437]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="29.[189,231,1893,1919]" captionStartId-1="30.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionStartId-2="33.[189,232,1636,1662]" captionStartId-3="34.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[229,1358,265,1841]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,654,1893]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetBox-3="[348,1240,265,1896]" captionTargetId-0="figure-77@29.[229,1358,265,1861]" captionTargetId-1="figure-156@30.[189,1399,654,1893]" captionTargetId-2="figure-220@33.[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetId-3="figure-64@34.[348,1240,265,1896]" captionTargetPageId-0="29" captionTargetPageId-1="30" captionTargetPageId-2="33" captionTargetPageId-3="34" captionText-0="Fig. 11. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Holotype maxilla MNHN.F.QU7232 with P2–M3. A. Occlusal view. B. Right lateral view.C. Left lingual view. D. Drawing of the right toothrow with P2–M3 in occlusal view. Abbreviations: CO = choanae opening; IF = infraorbital foramen; OB = orbital border; PF = palatine foramen. Scale bars: 2 cm." captionText-1="Fig. 12. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Paratype left hemimandible MNHN.F.QU7202 with p3–m3. A. Lateral view. B. Occlusal view. C. Medial view. Scale bar: 2 cm." captionText-2="Fig. 13.?Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). – A–D. Right scaphoid NMB-QV-275. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view. C. Proximal view. D. Distal view. – E–I. Right lunate NMB-QE-440. E. Anterior view. F. Lateral view. G. Medial view. H. Proximal view. I. Distal view. – J–N. Left pyramidal NMB-QE-433. J. Anterior view. K. Medial view. L. Posterior view. M. Proximal view. N. Distal view. – O–S. Left magnum NMB-QE-472. O. Anterior view. P. Medial view. Q. Lateral view. R. Proximal view. S. Distal view. – T–X. Left cuboid NMB-QE-362. T. Anterior view. U. Medial view. V. Lateral view. W. Proximal view. X. Distal view. Abbreviations: a = astragalus; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ca = calcaneus; e = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." captionText-3="Fig. 14. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900), senior synonym of R. kochi Kretzoi, 1940, from Valea Popii, Cluj-Napoca (earliest Oligocene, Romania). Right maxilla MBT 1509 with P2–M3. A. Occlusal view. B. Drawing of P2–M3. C. Maxilla in lateral view. D. Maxilla in medial view. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945903" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945905" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945908" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945912" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4945903/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4945905/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4945908/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4945912/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 11–14</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDDEE1BF9A4EC" box="[189,429,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Aceratherium filholi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE26DDEE1899A4EC" author="Osborn H. F." box="[436,717,1476,1502]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn, 1900: 240–243</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 7, 8a.
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<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDDCD1B31A733" box="[189,357,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Badactherium</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFEFEDDCD18CAA733" author="Croizet J. B." box="[364,670,1511,1537]" page="79" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1841">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFEFEDDCD18CAA733" authority="Croizet, 1841: 79" authorityName="Croizet" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1841" box="[364,670,1511,1537]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latidens">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFEFEDDCD1B9EA733" box="[364,458,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">latidens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE40DDCD18CAA733" author="Croizet J. B." box="[466,670,1511,1537]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="78 - 82" refId="ref40466" refString="Croizet J. B. 1841. Travaux et decouvertes paleontologiques dans les terrains tertiaires lacustres de l'Auvergne. Congres scientifique de France 9 (1): 78 - 82." type="journal article" year="1841">Croizet, 1841: 79</bibRefCitation>
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(nomen nudum).
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<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFF2FDE2018A6A716" author="Bravard A." box="[189,754,1546,1573]" page="410" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1843">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDE2018A6A716" authority="Bravard, 1843: 408 - 410" authorityName="Bravard" authorityPageNumber="408 - 410" authorityYear="1843" box="[189,754,1546,1573]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brivatensis">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDE201B98A716" box="[189,460,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rhinoceros brivatensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE46DE2018A6A716" author="Bravard A." box="[468,754,1546,1573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="402 - 439" refId="ref39935" refString="Bravard A. 1843. Considerations sur la distribution des mammiferes terrestres fossiles dans le departement du Puy-de-Dome. Annales scientifiques, litteraires et industrielles de l'Auvergne 16: 402 - 439." type="journal article" year="1843">Bravard, 1843: 408–410</bibRefCitation>
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(nomen oblitum).
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<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDE071823A775" authority="Blainville, 1846" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1846" box="[189,631,1581,1607]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="incisivus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDE071BE6A775" box="[189,434,1581,1607]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rhinoceros incisivus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE28DE071823A775" author="Blainville H. M. D." box="[442,631,1581,1607]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref39682" refString="Blainville H. M. D. 1846. Osteographie, ou, Description iconographique comparee du Squelette et du Systeme dentaire des Mammiferes recents et fossiles pour servir de base a la Zoologie et a la Geologie. Tome III. J. B. Bailliere et fils, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 127351" type="book" year="1846">Blainville, 1846</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. XII (Ongulogrades, ‘Auvergne’) (misidentification).
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<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFF2FDE7B18C6A759" author="Thomas P." box="[189,658,1617,1643]" page="239" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1867">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDE7B18C6A759" authority="Thomas, 1867: 239" authorityName="Thomas" authorityPageNumber="239" authorityYear="1867" box="[189,658,1617,1643]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDE7B1BFCA759" box="[189,424,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rhinoceros minutus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE3DDE7B18C6A759" author="Thomas P." box="[431,658,1617,1643]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="235 - 245" refId="ref42574" refString="Thomas P. 1867. Note sur une machoire inferieure de Rhinoceros de l'Eocene superieur du Tarn. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, Serie 2 24: 235 - 245." type="journal article" year="1867">Thomas, 1867: 239</bibRefCitation>
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(misidentification).
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<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFF2FDE5E18ECA7BC" author="Filhol H." box="[189,696,1652,1678]" page="126" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDE5E18ECA7BC" authority="Filhol, 1877: 126" authorityName="Filhol" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1877" box="[189,696,1652,1678]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetradactylus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDE5E1BB1A7BC" box="[189,485,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rhinoceros tetradactylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE7FDE5E18ECA7BC" author="Filhol H." box="[493,696,1652,1678]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 340" refId="ref40660" refString="Filhol H. 1877. Recherches sur les phosphorites du Quercy. Annales des Sciences geologiques. 8 (1): 1 - 340." type="journal article" year="1877">Filhol, 1877: 126</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71EFFBDFF2FDEBD1E0BA780" blockId="26.[189,1399,1476,1855]" box="[189,1119,1687,1714]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71EFFBDFF2FDEBD1E0BA780" box="[189,1119,1687,1714]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFF2FDEBD189CA780" author="Lydekker R." box="[189,712,1687,1714]" page="153" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1886">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDEBD189CA780" authority="Lydekker, 1886: 153" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1886" box="[189,712,1687,1714]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanensis">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDEBD1B9AA783" box="[189,462,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rhinoceros lemanensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE47DEBD189CA780" author="Lydekker R." box="[469,712,1687,1714]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref41317" refString="Lydekker R. 1886. Catalogue of the Fossil Mammalia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III. Printed by order of the Trustees, London." type="book" year="1886">Lydekker, 1886: 153</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(from Caylux) (misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71EFFBDFF2FDE901E12A7E7" blockId="26.[189,1399,1476,1855]" box="[189,1094,1722,1749]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71EFFBDFF2FDE901E12A7E7" box="[189,1094,1722,1749]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFF2FDE9018B9A7E6" author="Koch A." box="[189,749,1722,1749]" page="379" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDE9018B9A7E6" authority="Koch, 1911: 377 - 379" authorityName="Koch" authorityPageNumber="377 - 379" authorityYear="1911" box="[189,749,1722,1749]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyracodontidae" genus="Praeaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDE901BB1A7E6" box="[189,485,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Praeaceratherium minus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE7EDE9018B9A7E6" author="Koch A." box="[492,749,1722,1749]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="371 - 387" refId="ref41170" refString="Koch A. 1911. Rhinoceriden-Reste aus den mitteloligocenen Schichten der Gegend von Kolozsvar. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 9 (2): 371 - 387." type="journal article" year="1911">Koch, 1911: 377–379</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 385–387 (misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71EFFBDFF2FDEF418D9A7CA" blockId="26.[189,1399,1476,1855]" box="[189,653,1757,1784]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71EFFBDFF2FDEF418D9A7CA" box="[189,653,1757,1784]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFF2FDEF418DDA7CA" author="Kretzoi M." box="[189,649,1757,1784]" page="92" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1940">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDEF418DDA7CA" authority="Kretzoi, 1940: 92" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityPageNumber="92" authorityYear="1940" box="[189,649,1757,1784]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Paracaenopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDEF41BE4A7C5" box="[189,432,1757,1783]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paracaenopus kochi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE25DEF718DDA7CA" author="Kretzoi M." box="[439,649,1757,1784]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940: 92</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71EFFBDFF2FDF2B1B9FA60D" blockId="26.[189,1399,1476,1855]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71EFFBDFF2FDF2B1B9FA60D" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFF2FDF2B1909A62E" author="Heissig K." box="[189,861,1793,1820]" page="55" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1969">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDF2B1909A62E" authority="Heissig, 1969: 46 - 55" authorityName="Heissig" authorityPageNumber="46 - 55" authorityYear="1969" box="[189,861,1793,1820]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="filholi" subSpecies="elongatum">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDF2B1817A629" box="[189,579,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ronzotherium filholi elongatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFDC0DF2B1909A62E" author="Heissig K." box="[594,861,1793,1820]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig, 1969: 46–55</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 16–17, 18a–c, 19 (from Villebramar) (misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71EFFBDFF2FDF4F1E14A64D" blockId="26.[189,1088,1893,1990]" box="[189,1088,1893,1920]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71EFFBDFF2FDF4F1E14A64D" box="[189,1088,1893,1920]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDF4F1B8AA64D" box="[189,478,1893,1919]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDF4F1B8AA64D" box="[189,478,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ronzotherium velaunum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFE68DF4F188DA6B2" author="Aymard A." box="[506,729,1893,1920]" page="235" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE68DF4F188DA6B2" author="Aymard A." box="[506,729,1893,1920]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="227 - 245" refId="ref39427" refString="Aymard A. 1856. Rapport sur les collections de M. Pichot-Dumazel. Congres scientifique de France 22: 227 - 245." type="journal article" year="1856">Aymard 1856: 235</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFC9ADF4F1E68A64D" author="Boada-Sana A. &amp; Hervet S. &amp; Antoine P. - O." box="[776,1084,1893,1920]" page="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFC9ADF4F1E68A64D" author="Boada-Sana A. &amp; Hervet S. &amp; Antoine P. - O." box="[776,1084,1893,1920]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="3 - 25" refId="ref39822" refString="Boada-Sana A., Hervet S. &amp; Antoine P. - O. 2007. Nouvelles donnees sur les rhinoceros fossiles de Gannat (Allier, limite Oligocene - Miocene). Revue des Sciences naturelles d'Auvergne 71: 3 - 25." type="journal article" year="2007">
Boada-Saña 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFC0FDF4C1985A64D" box="[925,977,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 2007: 6
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71EFFBDFF2FDFA2189FA691" blockId="26.[189,1088,1893,1990]" box="[189,715,1928,1955]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71EFFBDFF2FDFA2189FA691" box="[189,715,1928,1955]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFF2FDFA21B98A690" authorityName="Bravard" authorityYear="1843" box="[189,460,1928,1954]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brivatensis">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDFA21B98A690" box="[189,460,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rhinoceros brivatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFE7BDFA2189CA691" author="Aymard A." box="[489,712,1928,1955]" page="235" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE7BDFA2189CA691" author="Aymard A." box="[489,712,1928,1955]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="227 - 245" refId="ref39427" refString="Aymard A. 1856. Rapport sur les collections de M. Pichot-Dumazel. Congres scientifique de France 22: 227 - 245." type="journal article" year="1856">Aymard 1856: 235</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71EFFBDFF2FDF86195DA6F4" blockId="26.[189,1088,1893,1990]" box="[189,777,1964,1990]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71EFFBDFF2FDF86195DA6F4" box="[189,777,1964,1990]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71EFFBDFF2FDF861B9EA6F4" box="[189,458,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Badactherium 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71EFFBDFEFEDF861B9EA6F4" authorityName="Croizet" authorityYear="1841" box="[364,458,1964,1990]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latidens">latidens</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71EFFBDFE7ADF86188CA6F4" author="Landesque" box="[488,728,1964,1990]" page="21" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71EFFBDFE7ADF86188CA6F4" author="Landesque" box="[488,728,1964,1990]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="16 - 37" refId="ref41219" refString="Landesque 1888. Sur le Calcaire a Palaeotherium de l'Agenais et du Perigord. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 17: 16 - 37." type="journal article" year="1888">Landesque 1888: 21</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 27.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FD92318EFA011" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,699,265,292]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FD92318EFA011" box="[189,699,265,292]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FD9231BFCA011" authorityName="Croizet" authorityYear="1841" box="[189,424,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latidens">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FD9231BFCA011" box="[189,424,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Rhinoceros latidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE54D92318E3A011" author="Landesque" box="[454,695,265,291]" page="27" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE54D92318E3A011" author="Landesque" box="[454,695,265,291]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="16 - 37" refId="ref41219" refString="Landesque 1888. Sur le Calcaire a Palaeotherium de l'Agenais et du Perigord. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 17: 16 - 37." type="journal article" year="1888">Landesque 1888: 27</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FD9031E4EA076" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,1050,297,324]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FD9031E4EA076" box="[189,1050,297,324]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FD9031BB1A071" box="[189,485,297,323]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Aceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanense">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FD9031BB1A071" box="[189,485,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Aceratherium lemanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD90D9031880A076" author="Pavlov M." box="[514,724,297,324]" page="184" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD90D9031880A076" author="Pavlov M." box="[514,724,297,324]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="137 - 221" refId="ref41802" refString="Pavlov M. 1892. Etudes sur l'histoire paleontologique des Ongules. - VI. Les Rhinoceridae de la Russie et le developpement des Rhinoceridae en general. (Avec 3 pl.). Bulletin de la Societe imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 6: 137 - 221." type="journal article" year="1892">Pavlov 1892: 184</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. V, fig. 7 (from Quercy).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FD9601F38A0D4" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FD9601F38A0D4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FD9601BEDA056" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[189,441,330,356]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FD9601BEDA056" box="[189,441,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE7AD960188DA057" author="Deninger K." box="[488,729,330,357]" page="95" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1903">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE7AD960188DA057" author="Deninger K." box="[488,729,330,357]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="93 - 97" refId="ref40565" refString="Deninger K. 1903. Ronzotherium Reichenaui aus dem Oligocan Ton Weinheim bei Alzey. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 55: 93 - 97." type="journal article" year="1903">Deninger 1903: 95</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFC88D9601985A056" author="Wood H. E." box="[794,977,330,356]" page="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFC88D9601985A056" author="Wood H. E." box="[794,977,330,356]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref43055" refString="Wood H. E. 1929. Prohyracodon orientale Koch, the oldest known true rhinoceros. American Museum Novitates 395: 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1929">Wood 1929: 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(= “ 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFB8AD9601F1DA056" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1911" box="[1048,1353,330,356]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyracodontidae" genus="Praeaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFB8AD9601F1DA056" box="[1048,1353,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Praeaceratherium minus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” = 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF78D9411BD2A0B6" box="[234,390,363,388]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Paracenopus</emphasis>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE5AD94118B4A0B6" author="Lavocat R." box="[456,736,362,389]" page="116" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1951">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE5AD94118B4A0B6" author="Lavocat R." box="[456,736,362,389]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref41246" refString="Lavocat R. 1951. Revision de la Faune des Mammiferes oligocenes d'Auvergne et du Velay. Sciences et Avenir, Paris." type="book" year="1951">Lavocat 1951: 116–118</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(from Bournoncle). — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFC6DD9411F26A0B7" author="Brunet M. &amp; Guth C." box="[1023,1394,362,389]" page="573" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFC6DD9411F26A0B7" author="Brunet M. &amp; Guth C." box="[1023,1394,362,389]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="573 - 575" refId="ref40110" refString="Brunet M. &amp; Guth C. 1968. Decouverte d'un crane de Rhinocerotide, Ronzotherium filholi, dans le stampien inferieur de Villebramar (Lot-et-Garonne). Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences. Serie D, Sciences naturelles 266: 573 - 575." type="journal article" year="1968">Brunet &amp; Guth 1968: 573–575</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. I. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFEC6D9A11870A097" author="Heissig K." box="[340,548,395,421]" page="38" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFEC6D9A11870A097" author="Heissig K." box="[340,548,395,421]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969: 38</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFDCAD9A11969A094" author="Brunet M." box="[600,829,395,422]" page="2535" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFDCAD9A11969A094" author="Brunet M." box="[600,829,395,422]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="2535 - 2538" refId="ref39992" refString="Brunet M. 1970. Villebramar (Lot-et-Garonne): tres important gisement de vertebres Stampien inferieur du Bassin d'Aquitaine. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences. Serie D, Sciences naturelles 270: 2535 - 2538." type="journal article" year="1970">Brunet 1970: 2535</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFCD9D9A11E55A094" author="Brunet M." box="[843,1025,395,422]" page="105" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFCD9D9A11E55A094" author="Brunet M." box="[843,1025,395,422]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">1979: 105–152</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 159–161, figs 8, 9a, c, e, 10a, 11–14, 16b, pls IX–XIV, XVIa, XIXm–n, XX–XXV. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFC10D9811ECBA0F7" author="Santafe Llopis J." box="[898,1183,427,454]" page="44" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFC10D9811ECBA0F7" author="Santafe Llopis J." box="[898,1183,427,454]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="43 - 45" refId="ref42224" refString="Santafe Llopis J. 1978. Revision de los Rinocerotidos miocenicos del Valles-Penedes. Acta geologica hispanica 13 (2): 43 - 45." type="journal article" year="1978">Santafé Llopis 1978: 44</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFB5CD9811B5FA0D4" author="Antoine P. - O." page="32" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFB5CD9811B5FA0D4" author="Antoine P. - O." pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 359" refId="ref39121" refString="Antoine P. - O. 2002. Phylogenie et evolution des Elasmotheriina (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae). Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 188: 1 - 359." type="journal article" year="2002">Antoine 2002: 32</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFEA9D9E6185BA0D4" author="Becker D." box="[315,527,460,486]" page="231" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFEA9D9E6185BA0D4" author="Becker D." box="[315,527,460,486]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref39491" refString="Becker D. 2003. Paleoecologie et paleoclimat de la Molasse du Jura (Oligo - Miocene): apport des Rhinocerotoidea (Mammalia) et des mineraux argileux. GeoFocus 9: 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="2003">Becker 2003: 231</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. IIh (from Bressaucourt); 2009: 493–495, fig. 
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED71FFFBCFBC1D9E61E24A0D4" box="[1107,1136,460,486]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="g" value="4.0">4g</quantity>
(from Bressaucourt).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FD9C61966A335" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,818,492,519]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FD9C61966A335" box="[189,818,492,519]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FD9C61BB7A334" box="[189,483,492,518]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyracodontidae" genus="Praeaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FD9C61BB7A334" box="[189,483,492,518]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Praeaceratherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE6DD9C61882A334" author="Abel O." box="[511,726,492,519]" page="18" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE6DD9C61882A334" author="Abel O." box="[511,726,492,519]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref38924" refString="Abel O. 1910. Kritische Untersuchungen uber die palaogenen Rhinocerotiden Europas. Abhandlungen der geologischen Reichsanstalt, Wien 20 (3): 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1910">Abel 1910: 18–20</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 44–45.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDA26191BA37A" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDA26191BA37A" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDA261BFBA314" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1900" box="[189,431,524,550]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Acerotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDA261BFBA314" box="[189,431,524,550]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acerotherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE46DA2718E8A315" author="Roman F." box="[468,700,524,551]" page="1559" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE46DA2718E8A315" author="Roman F." box="[468,700,524,551]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1558 - 1560" refId="ref42082" refString="Roman F. 1910. Sur les Rhinocerides de l'Oligocene d'Europe et leur filiation. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des Sciences 150: 1558 - 1560." type="journal article" year="1910">Roman 1910: 1559</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(from Quercy and Puylaurens); 1912a: 5, 27, 45, 51–53, fig. 16a (from Quercy, Villebramar and Puylaurens).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDA671EDBA35A" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,1167,589,616]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDA671EDBA35A" box="[189,1167,589,616]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDA671BB7A355" box="[189,483,589,615]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyracodontidae" genus="Praeaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDA671BB7A355" box="[189,483,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Praeaceratherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD92DA6718AEA35A" author="Koch A." box="[512,762,589,616]" page="377" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1911">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD92DA6718AEA35A" author="Koch A." box="[512,762,589,616]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="371 - 387" refId="ref41170" refString="Koch A. 1911. Rhinoceriden-Reste aus den mitteloligocenen Schichten der Gegend von Kolozsvar. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 9 (2): 371 - 387." type="journal article" year="1911">Koch 1911: 377–379</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 385–386. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFC0DDA671E30A35A" author="Wood H. E." box="[927,1124,589,616]" page="232" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFC0DDA671E30A35A" author="Wood H. E." box="[927,1124,589,616]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="165 - 249" refId="ref43007" refString="Wood H. E. 1927. Some early Tertiary rhinoceroses and hyracodonts. Bulletins of American Paleontology 13 (50): 165 - 249. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 30374668 [accessed 4 May 2021]." type="journal article" year="1927">Wood 1927: 232</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
/72.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDA441993A3BA" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,967,622,648]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDA441993A3BA" box="[189,967,622,648]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDA441BB7A3BA" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[189,483,622,648]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Acerotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanense">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDA441BB7A3BA" box="[189,483,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acerotherium lemanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD93DA4418A9A3BA" author="Roman F." box="[513,765,622,648]" page="60" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD93DA4418A9A3BA" author="Roman F." box="[513,765,622,648]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref42112" refString="Roman F. 1912 a. Les Rhinocerides de l'Oligocene d'Europe. Archives du Museum d'histoire naturelle de Lyon 11: 1 - 92." type="journal article" year="1912">Roman 1912a: 60–61</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(from Montans).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDAA419C4A39B" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,912,654,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDAA419C4A39B" box="[189,912,654,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDAA41BF9A39A" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1900" box="[189,429,654,680]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Aceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDAA41BF9A39A" box="[189,429,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Aceratherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE51DAA418C7A39B" author="Stehlin H. G." box="[451,659,654,681]" page="185" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE51DAA418C7A39B" author="Stehlin H. G." box="[451,659,654,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="179 - 202" refId="ref42499" refString="Stehlin H. G. 1914. Ubersicht uber die Saugetiere der schweizerischen Molasseformation, ihre Fundorte und ihre stratigraphische Verbreitung. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 25: 179 - 202." type="journal article" year="1914">Stehlin 1914: 185</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(from Bressaucourt).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDA9A192DA3FB" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,889,687,713]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDA9A192DA3FB" box="[189,889,687,713]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDA9A1BE1A3FB" box="[189,437,687,713]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Paracaenopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDA9A1BE1A3FB" box="[189,437,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Paracaenopus filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE41DA8518F6A3FB" author="Breuning S. von" box="[467,674,687,713]" page="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE41DA8518F6A3FB" author="Breuning S. von" box="[467,674,687,713]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="5 - 46" refId="ref39968" refString="Breuning S. von 1924. Beitrage zur Stammesgeschichte der Rhinocerotidae. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 73: 5 - 46." type="journal article" year="1924">Breuning 1924: 7</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 17–20, figs?6, 7.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDAE51903A3DB" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,855,719,746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDAE51903A3DB" box="[189,855,719,746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
? 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF43DAE51B95A3DB" box="[209,449,719,745]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Aceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filnoli">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF43DAE51B95A3DB" box="[209,449,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Aceratherium filnoli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic] – 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD88DAE51906A3DB" author="Crusafont Pairo M." box="[538,850,719,746]" page="116" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD88DAE51906A3DB" author="Crusafont Pairo M." box="[538,850,719,746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="115 - 116" refId="ref40498" refString="Crusafont Pairo M. 1967. Nuevos datos sobre la edad de los sedimentos terciarios de la zona de Utrillas- Montalban. Acta geologica hispanica 2 (5): 115 - 116." type="journal article" year="1967">Crusafont Pairó 1967: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDADA1E1FA23B" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,1099,751,778]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDADA1E1FA23B" box="[189,1099,751,778]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDADA1BA9A238" authority="filholi" box="[189,509,752,778]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="filholi" subSpecies="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDADA1BA9A238" box="[189,509,752,778]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium filholi filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD88DADA1944A23B" author="Heissig K." box="[538,784,751,778]" page="39" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD88DADA1944A23B" author="Heissig K." box="[538,784,751,778]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969: 39–46</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 12–15, 25c–d, 26a–b.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDB3A1EF8A279" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDB3A1EF8A279" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDB3A1BF9A218" box="[189,429,784,810]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDB3A1BF9A218" box="[189,429,784,810]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium kochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE5DDB3A189DA218" author="Heissig K." box="[463,713,784,811]" page="36" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE5DDB3A189DA218" author="Heissig K." box="[463,713,784,811]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969: 36–37</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD6EDB3A1E7DA218" author="Adrover R. &amp; Feist M. &amp; Ginsburg L. &amp; Guerin C. &amp; Hugueney M. &amp; Moissenet E." box="[764,1065,784,811]" page="126" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD6EDB3A1E7DA218" author="Adrover R. &amp; Feist M. &amp; Ginsburg L. &amp; Guerin C. &amp; Hugueney M. &amp; Moissenet E." box="[764,1065,784,811]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="421 - 432" refId="ref38952" refString="Adrover R., Feist M., Ginsburg L., Guerin C., Hugueney M. &amp; Moissenet E. 1983. Les formations continentales paleogenes de la Sierra Palomera (Province de Teruel, Espagne) et leur place dans la biostratigraphie tertiaire des chaines iberiques orientales. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France Serie 7 25 (3): 421 - 432. https: // doi. org / 10.2113 / gssgfbull. S 7 - XXV. 3.421" type="journal article" year="1983">
Adrover 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFCFBDB3B19C9A218" box="[873,925,784,810]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. 1983: 126
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFBCCDB3A1B4EA279" author="Codrea V. &amp; Suraru N." page="322" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFBCCDB3A1B4EA279" author="Codrea V. &amp; Suraru N." pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="319 - 338" refId="ref40373" refString="Codrea V. &amp; Suraru N. 1989. On ' Cadurcodon ' zimborensis sp. nov., an amynodontid from the Zimbor Strata at Zimbor, Salaj district (NW Transylvanian Basin). In: The Oligocene from the Transylvanian Basin: 319 - 338. (Univ. Cluj-Napoca)." type="book chapter" year="1989">Codrea &amp; Şuraru 1989: 322</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFED8DB1A1BABA279" author="Guerin C." box="[330,511,816,843]" page="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFED8DB1A1BABA279" author="Guerin C." box="[330,511,816,843]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref40894" refString="Guerin C. 1989. La famille des Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla): systematique, histoire, evolution, paleoecologie. Cranium 6 (2): 3 - 13." type="journal article" year="1989">Guérin 1989: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFDBDDB1A196FA279" author="Uhlig U." box="[559,827,816,843]" page="477" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFDBDDB1A196FA279" author="Uhlig U." box="[559,827,816,843]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="477 - 481" refId="ref42888" refString="Uhlig U. 1999 a. Paleobiogeography of some Paleogene Rhinocerotoids (Mammalia) in Europe. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae 2: 477 - 481." type="journal article" year="1999">Uhlig 1999a: 477–479</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFCF8DB1A1E08A279" author="Codrea V." box="[874,1116,816,843]" page="38" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFCF8DB1A1E08A279" author="Codrea V." box="[874,1116,816,843]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40355" refString="Codrea V. 2000. Rinoceri si tapiri terțiari din Romania. Presa Universitara Clujeana, Cluj-Napoca." type="book" year="2000">Codrea 2000: 38–42</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 8.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDB7B1880A25E" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,724,849,876]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDB7B1880A25E" box="[189,724,849,876]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDB7B1BD2A259" authorityName="Abel" authorityYear="1910" box="[189,390,849,875]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Epiaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDB7B1BD2A259" box="[189,390,849,875]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Epiaceratherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFE30DB7B1BB6A259" box="[418,482,849,875]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFE30DB7B1BB6A259" box="[418,482,849,875]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">kochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD92DB7B1884A25E" author="Brunet M." box="[512,720,849,876]" page="158" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD92DB7B1884A25E" author="Brunet M." box="[512,720,849,876]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979: 158</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDB5B18E5A2BE" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,689,881,908]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDB5B18E5A2BE" box="[189,689,881,908]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDB5B1BD0A2B9" box="[189,388,881,907]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyracodontidae" genus="Allacerops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDB5B1BD0A2B9" box="[189,388,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Allacerops kochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE30DB5B18F9A2BE" author="Russell D. E. &amp; Hartenberger J. - L. &amp; Pomerol C. &amp; Sen, S. &amp; Schmidt-Kittler N. &amp; Vianey-Liaud M." box="[418,685,881,908]" page="58" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE30DB5B18F9A2BE" author="Russell D. E. &amp; Hartenberger J. - L. &amp; Pomerol C. &amp; Sen, S. &amp; Schmidt-Kittler N. &amp; Vianey-Liaud M." box="[418,685,881,908]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref42175" refString="Russell D. E., Hartenberger J. - L., Pomerol C., Sen, S., Schmidt-Kittler N. &amp; Vianey-Liaud M. 1982. Mammals and stratigraphy: the Paleogene of Europe. Palaeovertebrata Memoire extraordinaire 1982: 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1982">
Russell 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFE6DDB581867A2B9" box="[511,563,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. 1982: 58
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDBB81930A29E" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,868,914,940]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDBB81930A29E" box="[189,868,914,940]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
“ 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF58DBB81B24A29E" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[202,368,914,940]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF58DBB81B24A29E" box="[202,368,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFE17DBB81B91A29E" box="[389,453,914,940]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyracodontidae" genus="Allacerops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFE17DBB81B91A29E" box="[389,453,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">kochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE70DBB81934A29E" author="Radulescu C. &amp; Samson P." box="[482,864,914,940]" page="302" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE70DBB81934A29E" author="Radulescu C. &amp; Samson P." box="[482,864,914,940]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="301 - 312" refId="ref42006" refString="Radulescu C. &amp; Samson P. 1989. Oligocene mammals from Romania. In: The Oligocene from the Transylvanian Basin, Romania: 301 - 312. University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca." type="book chapter" year="1989">Radulescu &amp; Samson 1989: 302</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDB9819DDA2FF" blockId="27.[189,1399,265,973]" box="[189,905,946,973]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF2FDB981BFBA2FF" box="[189,431,946,973]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Epiaceratherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDB981BD2A2FE" box="[189,390,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Epiaceratherium</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
– 
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE5EDB981835A2FE" author="Becker D." box="[460,609,946,972]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="489 - 504" refId="ref39528" refString="Becker D. 2009. Earliest record of rhinocerotoids (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from Switzerland: systematics and biostratigraphy. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 102 (3): 489 - 504. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00015 - 009 - 1330 - 4" type="journal article" year="2009">Becker 2009</bibRefCitation>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFD18DB98192CA2FE" box="[650,888,946,972]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFD18DB98192CA2FE" box="[650,888,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium kochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDBD81F23A53E" blockId="27.[189,1399,1009,1198]" box="[189,1399,1009,1036]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDBD81F23A53E" box="[189,1399,1009,1036]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Non 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF61DBDB1BB7A539" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[243,483,1009,1035]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF61DBDB1BB7A539" box="[243,483,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFE6BDBD81884A539" author="Lavocat R." box="[505,720,1009,1036]" page="116" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1951">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE6BDBD81884A539" author="Lavocat R." box="[505,720,1009,1036]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref41246" refString="Lavocat R. 1951. Revision de la Faune des Mammiferes oligocenes d'Auvergne et du Velay. Sciences et Avenir, Paris." type="book" year="1951">Lavocat 1951: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,pl.19 fig. 3,pl.26 fig. 1(from Vendèze)(misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDC381B9EA57E" blockId="27.[189,1399,1009,1198]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDC381B9EA57E" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Non 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFE93DC3B1BA9A519" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[257,509,1041,1067]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFE93DC3B1BA9A519" box="[257,509,1041,1067]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFDBDDC381946A51E" author="Brunet M." box="[559,786,1041,1068]" page="105" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFDBDDC381946A51E" author="Brunet M." box="[559,786,1041,1068]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979: 105</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 134 (from Pernes, Kleinblauen and Bumbach) (misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDC791B9EA5BF" blockId="27.[189,1399,1009,1198]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDC791B9EA5BF" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Non 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF6DDC781BAEA55E" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[255,506,1106,1132]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF6DDC781BAEA55E" box="[255,506,1106,1132]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFDBADC781913A55E" author="Becker D." box="[552,839,1106,1133]" page="230" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFDBADC781913A55E" author="Becker D." box="[552,839,1106,1133]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref39491" refString="Becker D. 2003. Paleoecologie et paleoclimat de la Molasse du Jura (Oligo - Miocene): apport des Rhinocerotoidea (Mammalia) et des mineraux argileux. GeoFocus 9: 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="2003">Becker 2003: 230–233</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. IIa–f (from Kleinblauen and Bumbach) (misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDCBE1F01A59C" blockId="27.[189,1399,1009,1198]" box="[189,1365,1171,1198]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D71FFFBCFF2FDCBE1F01A59C" box="[189,1365,1171,1198]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Non 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFF65DCB91BBEA59F" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[247,490,1171,1197]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF65DCB91BBEA59F" box="[247,490,1171,1197]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD71FFFBCFD95DCB91941A59C" author="Becker D." box="[519,789,1171,1198]" page="493" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFD95DCB91941A59C" author="Becker D." box="[519,789,1171,1198]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="489 - 504" refId="ref39528" refString="Becker D. 2009. Earliest record of rhinocerotoids (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from Switzerland: systematics and biostratigraphy. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 102 (3): 489 - 504. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00015 - 009 - 1330 - 4" type="journal article" year="2009">Becker 2009: 493–495</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 4h–l (from Kleinblauen) (misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D71FFFBBFF2FDCF81ED5A0DC" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDCF81BE3A5DE" blockId="27.[189,1400,1234,1402]" box="[189,439,1234,1260]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="1661FB37D71FFFBCFF2FDCF81BE3A5DE" bold="true" box="[189,439,1234,1260]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDCF81BE3A5DE" bold="true" box="[189,439,1234,1260]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Historical diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDCD41E43A44B" blockId="27.[189,1400,1234,1402]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
(From 
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFE9CDCD41BFCA42A" author="Osborn H. F." box="[270,424,1278,1304]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn 1900</bibRefCitation>
): “Large upper premolars, simple, unlike molars, with incompletely formed crests; upper molars with internal cingulum and strong protoconule [= paracone] fold, small antecrochet, no crochet; depression in posterior face of metaloph of third molar; third and fourth lower premolars with depressed and incomplete posterior crests. Measurements: P2–M3=224.”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDDB419DBA70B" blockId="27.[188,1399,1438,1594]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
However, this diagnosis could refer to several species of 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71FFFBCFCDFDDB419A7A48A" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[845,1011,1438,1464]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFCDFDDB419A7A48A" box="[845,1011,1438,1464]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since these characters are mostly synapomorphies of the genus. Therefore, we emend the diagnosis based on the 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D71FFFBCFBC5DD951EDEA4EB" box="[1111,1162,1471,1497]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
specimens from the Phosphorites du Quercy. Other emended diagnoses were provided by 
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFC74DDF41EC6A4CB" author="Heissig K." box="[998,1170,1502,1529]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig (1969)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71FFFBCFB59DDF51F3AA4CB" author="Brunet M." box="[1227,1390,1503,1529]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet (1979)</bibRefCitation>
, but they were not only based on the 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D71FFFBCFDF2DE2A18C7A728" box="[608,659,1536,1562]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
material, but also on referred material from other localities. We emend here the diagnosis based on our phylogenetic analysis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDE741BE5A74A" blockId="27.[188,1401,1630,2024]" box="[189,433,1630,1656]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="1661FB37D71FFFBCFF2FDE741BE5A74A" bold="true" box="[189,433,1630,1656]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71FFFBCFF2FDE741BE5A74A" bold="true" box="[189,433,1630,1656]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71FFFBCFF2FDEA01989A6DA" blockId="27.[188,1401,1630,2024]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">The coronoid process of the mandible is rather weak. The upper premolars are large, simple, nonmolariform, with incompletely formed protoloph and metaloph, and labial cingulum always present; P2 molariform, protocone and hypocone usually fused on P3–4, strong, simple and continuous lingual cingulum, usually without ridges; crista sometimes present on P3; metaloph of P2–4 discontinuous; upper molars with strong and continuous lingual cingulum except under the hypocone of M1, almost no labial cingulum, small antecrochet, no crochet, and a posterior groove on the ectometaloph of M3; lower cheek teeth with strong and continuous labial cingulum and lingual cingulum in the opening of the posterior valley; d/p1 usually present and two-rooted, the paraconid of p2 is developed; the magnum facet of the McII is straight; high proximal articulation of the fibula with the tibia; the expansion of the calcaneus facet is wide and low on the astragalus; proximal border of the anterior side of the MtIII straight and intermediate reliefs of the metapodials low and smooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FD9201B60A0BE" blockId="28.[189,1399,265,396]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
It differs from 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D718FFBBFEF8D9201BABA011" box="[362,511,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFEF8D9201BABA011" box="[362,511,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R. velaunum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the deep median constriction of the distal humeral articulation and from 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D718FFBBFF2FD9061B34A074" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="1969" box="[189,352,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatum">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF2FD9061B34A074" box="[189,352,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R. elongatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its close frontoparietal crests, its straight occipital crest and its poorly developed processus posttympanicus and its constricted metaloph on P3–4 (hypocone not connected to the ectoloph).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FD9981ED5A0DC" blockId="28.[188,1398,434,495]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
It further differs from 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D718FFBBFE2CD9991808A0FE" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="1969" box="[446,604,434,460]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatum">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFE2CD9991808A0FE" box="[446,604,434,460]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R. elongatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D718FFBBFD06D999195DA0FE" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[660,777,435,460]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFD06D999195DA0FE" box="[660,777,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R. romani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its sharp angle at the anterior tip of the zygomatic process and the higher posterior side of the scaphoid compared to its anterior side.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D718FFBBFF2FDA3C19C7A7F0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDA3C1B39A31D" blockId="28.[189,365,533,560]" box="[189,365,533,560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="1661FB37D718FFBBFF2FDA3C1B39A31D" bold="true" box="[189,365,533,560]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF2FDA3C1B39A31D" bold="true" box="[189,365,533,560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF78DA6E1B09A36C" blockId="28.[189,1399,580,675]" box="[234,349,580,606]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF78DA6E1B09A36C" bold="true" box="[234,349,580,606]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D718FFBBFF78DA6E1B09A36C" box="[234,349,580,606]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDA4C18E3A391" blockId="28.[189,1399,580,675]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFF2FDA4C18E3A391" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594356" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="FRANCE" municipality="southwestern France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="MNHN.F.QU7232" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFF2FDA4C1B65A3B2" box="[189,305,614,640]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
• maxilla fragment with right and left cheek teeth rows with P2–M3; Quercy Phosphorites (southwestern France); 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFE46DAA318E7A391" box="[468,691,649,675]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN.F.QU7232</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF78DAE01B3DA3D6" blockId="28.[189,1398,714,809]" box="[234,361,714,740]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF78DAE01B3DA3D6" bold="true" box="[234,361,714,740]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D718FFBBFF78DAE01B3DA3D6" box="[234,361,714,740]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDAC71BF4A21B" blockId="28.[189,1398,714,809]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFF2FDAC719E8A235" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594467" box="[189,956,748,775]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="FRANCE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="MNHN.F.QU7202" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFF2FDAC71B65A235" box="[189,305,749,775]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
• 1 left mandible fragment; Quercy; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFD73DAC719E8A235" box="[737,956,749,775]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN.F.QU7202</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFC44DAC71BC8A21B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594433" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="MNHN.F.QU7201" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 right mandible fragment; Quercy; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFF2FDB251BC8A21B" box="[189,412,783,809]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN.F.QU7201</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDB7A1865A2E0" blockId="28.[189,1399,848,979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD718FFBBFF2FDB7A1B3CA258" author="Osborn H. F." box="[189,360,848,874]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn (1900)</bibRefCitation>
designated a left mandible fragment (
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED718FFBBFCB7DB7A19D7A258" box="[805,899,848,874]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.QU7202) also from Quercy as “cotype”, which was followed by 
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD718FFBBFE4ADB5918D2A2BC" author="Heissig K." box="[472,646,883,910]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig (1969)</bibRefCitation>
, who also added its right counterpart (
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED718FFBBFBDDDB591EFAA2BF" box="[1103,1198,883,909]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.QU7201) from the same individual. These two hemimandibles should be regarded as 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D718FFBBFB92DBBC1E20A282" box="[1024,1140,918,944]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
. The upper and lower anterior dentition are unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF78DBD31BB0A521" blockId="28.[189,1401,1017,1147]" box="[234,484,1017,1043]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF78DBD31BB0A521" bold="true" box="[234,484,1017,1043]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Additional material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDC311EB6A549" blockId="28.[189,1401,1017,1147]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Old collections from Quercy are preserved in almost every large European institution, including, but not limited to the 
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED718FFBBFE0BDC151BA2A56B" box="[409,502,1087,1113]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED718FFBBFD91DC151815A56B" box="[515,577,1087,1113]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">TLM</collectionCode>
or 
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED718FFBBFDFEDC1518E6A56B" box="[620,690,1087,1113]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wbz-jkc3" name="Naturhistorishes Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">NMB</collectionCode>
, but are problematic because the exact age and locality are unknown. The specimens examined from these collections that we mention in the text are:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDC8818ECA416" blockId="28.[188,1399,1186,1316]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFF2FDC881E25A58F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594468" box="[189,1137,1186,1213]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="Quercy" municipality="Quercy" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="MNHN.F.QU16445" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFF2FDC881B65A58E" box="[189,305,1186,1212]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFEDDDC881BF8A58E" bold="true" box="[335,428,1186,1212]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingMunicipality id="AD4DD621D718FFBBFEDDDC881BF8A58E" box="[335,428,1186,1212]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Quercy</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
• 1 right maxillary fragment with P1-2; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFC14DC881E25A58F" box="[902,1137,1186,1213]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN.F.QU16445</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFB18DC88187BA5ED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594305" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="MNHN.F.QU17193" specimenCount="1">
1 left hemimandible with m1-3; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFED6DCEF187BA5ED" box="[324,559,1221,1247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN.F.QU17193</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFDD7DCEF19EDA5ED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594424" box="[581,953,1220,1247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="NMB-QV-275" specimenCount="1">
1 right scaphoid; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFC9DDCEE19EDA5ED" box="[783,953,1220,1247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">NMB-QV-275</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFC42DCEF1F77A5ED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594452" box="[976,1315,1220,1247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="NMB-QE-440" specimenCount="1">
1 right lunate; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFBE8DCEF1F77A5ED" box="[1146,1315,1221,1247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">NMB-QE-440</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFAA8DCEF1BBEA433" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594432" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="NMB-QE-433" specimenCount="1">
1 left pyramidal; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFED2DCCD1BBEA433" box="[320,490,1255,1281]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">NMB-QE-433</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFE6DDCCD1909A433" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594438" box="[511,861,1255,1282]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="NMB-QE-472" specimenCount="1">
1 left magnum; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFD21DCCD1909A433" box="[691,861,1255,1281]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">NMB-QE-472</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFCE0DCCD1B03A416" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594352" country="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" location="Saint-Pierre" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="NMB-QE-362" specimenCount="1">
1 left cuboid; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFB9DDCCD1EE8A433" box="[1039,1212,1255,1281]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">NMB-QE-362</specimenCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFB4ADCCD1B03A416" bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Bournoncle- 
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFF2FDD201B03A416" box="[189,343,1290,1316]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Saint-Pierre</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFEE2DD2018ECA416" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594427" box="[368,696,1290,1316]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="MNHN.LIM7" specimenCount="1">
1 astragalus; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFD99DD2018E1A416" box="[523,693,1290,1316]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN.LIM7</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDD6119A9A454" blockId="28.[189,1021,1354,1382]" box="[189,1021,1354,1382]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFF2FDD6119ADA454" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594331" box="[189,1017,1354,1382]" collectionCode="MBT" country="Romania" location="Cluj-Napoca" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="MBT 1509" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cluj">
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFF2FDD611B1CA457" box="[189,328,1355,1381]" name="Romania" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ROMANIA</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFEF7DD601852A456" bold="true" box="[357,518,1354,1380]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D718FFBBFEF7DD601852A456" box="[357,518,1354,1380]" country="Romania" name="Cluj" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cluj-Napoca</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 1 right maxilla with P2–M3; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFCE6DD6119ADA454" box="[884,1017,1355,1382]" collectionCode="MBT" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MBT 1509</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDDA61E05A761" blockId="28.[189,1400,1419,1620]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFF2FDDA61E6EA497" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594334" box="[189,1082,1419,1446]" collectingDate="2008-01" collectionCode="BSPG-" country="Germany" location="Mohren" municipality="Espenhain" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-2008-I-44" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFF2FDDA61B04A494" box="[189,336,1420,1446]" name="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFEE4DDA11BAFA497" bold="true" box="[374,507,1419,1445]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingMunicipality id="AD4DD621D718FFBBFEE4DDA11BAFA497" box="[374,507,1419,1445]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Espenhain</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
• 1 left radius; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFD56DDA619C4A494" box="[708,912,1420,1446]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-2008-I-44</specimenCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFC28DDA61E6EA497" bold="true" box="[954,1082,1419,1446]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<location id="48491A80D718FFBBFC28DDA61E4BA494" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C53FFD4DD71EFF84FDAFDD751945A543:48491A80D718FFBBFC28DDA61E4BA494" box="[954,1055,1420,1446]" country="Germany" municipality="Espenhain" name="Mohren" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Möhren</location>
4
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFBC9DDA61B15A4FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594388" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1966, XXXIII-47" specimenCount="1">
1 left D4; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFB4DDDA61F3AA494" box="[1247,1390,1420,1446]" collectionCode="BSPG-" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1966</specimenCode>
- 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFF2FDD841B15A4FA" box="[189,321,1454,1480]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">XXXIII-47</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFEC5DD841915A4FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594328" box="[343,833,1454,1481]" collectingDate="1971-05" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" location="Mohren" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1971-V" specimenCount="1">
1 left MtIV; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFE7CDD8418CFA4FA" box="[494,667,1454,1480]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
BSPG- 
<date id="39286A9BD718FFBBFDD7DD8418CFA4FA" box="[581,667,1454,1480]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1971-05">1971-V</date>
</specimenCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFD51DD841915A4FA" bold="true" box="[707,833,1454,1480]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<location id="48491A80D718FFBBFD51DD84197CA4FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C53FFD4DD71EFF84FDAFDD751945A543:48491A80D718FFBBFD51DD84197CA4FA" box="[707,808,1454,1480]" country="Germany" name="Mohren" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Möhren</location>
7
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFCCEDD841EBDA4FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594466" box="[860,1257,1454,1481]" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV-151" specimenCount="1">
1 left P1; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFC47DD841EBDA4FB" box="[981,1257,1454,1481]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV-151</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFA94DD841B87A4DE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594354" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV-150" specimenCount="1">
1 left P3; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFF2DDDFB1B87A4DE" box="[191,467,1489,1516]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV-150</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFE7BDDFB19DEA4D9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594463" box="[489,906,1489,1515]" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV-71" specimenCount="1">
1 right p3/4; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFD17DDFB19DEA4D9" box="[645,906,1489,1515]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV-71</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFC35DDFB1B29A73C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594311" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG- 1969-XXIV-152" specimenCount="1">
1 fragment of left lower molar; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFAB7DDFB1B29A73C" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG- 1969-XXIV-152</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFE04DDDE1907A73C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594440" box="[406,851,1524,1550]" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV" specimenCount="1">
1 right distal ulna; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFDE1DDDE1907A73C" box="[627,851,1524,1550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFCFEDDDE1F31A73C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594409" box="[876,1381,1524,1550]" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV" specimenCount="1">
1 right proximal McIII; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFB17DDDE1F31A73C" box="[1157,1381,1524,1550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFF2FDE3C195CA702" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594368" box="[189,776,1558,1584]" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV-183" specimenCount="1">
1 fragmentary astragalus; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFE66DE3C195CA702" box="[500,776,1558,1584]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV-183</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFCB7DE3C1E9DA702" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594375" box="[805,1225,1558,1585]" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV-73" specimenCount="1">
1 right MtII; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFC56DE3C1E9DA702" box="[964,1225,1558,1584]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV-73</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFB74DE3C182AA761" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594436" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" location="Mohren" municipality="Mohren" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1969-XXIV-156" specimenCount="1">
1 left MtIII; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFF2DDE131B83A766" box="[191,471,1593,1620]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1969-XXIV-156</specimenCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFE64DE13182AA761" bold="true" box="[502,638,1593,1619]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingMunicipality id="AD4DD621D718FFBBFE64DE13180FA761" box="[502,603,1593,1619]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Möhren</collectingMunicipality>
11
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D718FFBBFD05DE131E18A761" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594418" box="[663,1100,1593,1619]" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="BSPG-1971-V-11" specimenCount="1">
1 right calcaneum; 
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D718FFBBFCEBDE131E18A761" box="[889,1100,1593,1619]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BSPG-1971-V-11</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDE501BAAA7A6" blockId="28.[189,510,1658,1684]" box="[189,510,1658,1684]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="1661FB37D718FFBBFF2FDE501BAAA7A6" bold="true" box="[189,510,1658,1684]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF2FDE501BAAA7A6" bold="true" box="[189,510,1658,1684]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type horizon and locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDE8219C7A7F0" blockId="28.[189,915,1704,1730]" box="[189,915,1704,1730]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Unknown horizon and locality in the Phosphorites du Quercy.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D718FFBBFF2FDEC3192AA6DB" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDEC3184FA631" blockId="28.[189,539,1769,1795]" box="[189,539,1769,1795]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="1661FB37D718FFBBFF2FDEC3184FA631" bold="true" box="[189,539,1769,1795]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF2FDEC3184FA631" bold="true" box="[189,539,1769,1795]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Stratigraphical distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDF3D18FCA603" blockId="28.[189,680,1815,1841]" box="[189,680,1815,1841]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Possibly restricted to the early Oligocene.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDF7D1852A643" blockId="28.[189,518,1879,1905]" box="[189,518,1879,1905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="1661FB37D718FFBBFF2FDF7D1852A643" bold="true" box="[189,518,1879,1905]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D718FFBBFF2FDF7D1852A643" bold="true" box="[189,518,1879,1905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD718FFBBFF2FDFAC192AA6DB" blockId="28.[189,1398,1926,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFF2FDFAC1B45A692" box="[189,273,1926,1952]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">France</collectingCountry>
: Phosphorites du Quercy, Bournoncle 
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFD6BDFAC19DCA692" box="[761,904,1926,1952]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Saint-Pierre</collectingCountry>
, Villebramar, Penchenat (= Moulinet?), Puylaurens. 
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFEDFDF831BEBA6F1" box="[333,447,1961,1987]" name="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Germany</collectingCountry>
: Möhren 4, 7/16, 19, 20, Burgmagerbein 8, Ronheim 1, Grafenmühle 6. 
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFA91DF821F26A6F0" box="[1283,1394,1960,1986]" name="Romania" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Romania</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D718FFBBFF2FDFE41B03A6DA" box="[189,343,1998,2024]" country="Romania" name="Cluj" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cluj-Napoca</collectingRegion>
. 
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFEF0DFE41BFDA6DA" box="[354,425,1998,2024]" name="Spain" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spain</collectingCountry>
: Montalbán. 
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD718FFBBFDD0DFE41887A6DA" box="[578,723,1998,2024]" name="Switzerland" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
: Bressaucourt.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="19E91CD3D719FFBAFF2FDF4F1F7CA6DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945903/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[189,231,1893,1919]" targetBox="[229,1358,265,1841]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD719FFBAFF2FDF4F1F7CA6DB" blockId="29.[187,1399,1893,2025]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D719FFBAFF2FDF4F1B41A64D" bold="true" box="[189,277,1893,1919]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D719FFBAFE88DF4F18EEA64D" authority="(Osborn, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[282,698,1893,1919]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D719FFBAFE88DF4F1852A64D" box="[282,518,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD719FFBAFD80DF4F18E6A64D" author="Osborn H. F." box="[530,690,1893,1919]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Holotype maxilla MNHN.F.QU7232 with P2–M3. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D719FFBAFC96DFA2194DA690" bold="true" box="[772,793,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
. Occlusal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D719FFBAFC47DFA219BDA690" bold="true" box="[981,1001,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
. Right lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D719FFBAFB5EDFA21EB5A690" bold="true" box="[1228,1249,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
. Left lingual view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D719FFBAFE97DF861B4EA6F4" bold="true" box="[261,282,1964,1990]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">D</emphasis>
. Drawing of the right toothrow with P2–M3 in occlusal view. Abbreviations: CO = choanae opening; IF = infraorbital foramen; OB = orbital border; PF = palatine foramen. Scale bars: 2 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D71AFF84FF2FD922186FA277" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71AFFB9FF2FD9221B1AA010" blockId="30.[189,334,264,290]" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="1661FB37D71AFFB9FF2FD9221B1AA010" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71AFFB9FF2FD9221B1AA010" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71AFFB9FF2FD9121E10A333" blockId="30.[188,1400,311,514]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
MAXILLA. The right and left maxillae of the 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D71AFFB9FD5DD91D1962A063" box="[719,822,311,337]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MNHN.F.QU7232 are well preserved, and bear P2–M3 on both sides (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED71AFFB9FE58D9701875A046" box="[458,545,346,372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,231,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[229,1358,265,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-77@29.[229,1358,265,1861]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 11. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Holotype maxilla MNHN.F.QU7232 with P2–M3. A. Occlusal view. B. Right lateral view.C. Left lingual view. D. Drawing of the right toothrow with P2–M3 in occlusal view. Abbreviations: CO = choanae opening; IF = infraorbital foramen; OB = orbital border; PF = palatine foramen. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945903/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). The anterior border of the choanae opens approximately at the level of M2 and the palatine foramen is at the level of the anterior border of M3. The infraorbital foramen (still preserved via the infraorbital canal) is located above the anterior border of P4. The anterior border of the orbit is between M2 and M1. The zygomatic arches are broken but the anterior border was above M2 and was high above the teeth neck. The retromolar space behind M3 is short.
</paragraph>
<caption id="19E91CD3D71AFFB9FF2FDFAC186AA6D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945905/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[189,232,1926,1952]" targetBox="[189,1399,654,1893]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71AFFB9FF2FDFAC186AA6D5" blockId="30.[188,1399,1926,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71AFFB9FF2FDFAC1B4BA692" bold="true" box="[189,287,1926,1952]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71AFFB9FEB9DFAC18B3A692" authority="(Osborn, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[299,743,1926,1952]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71AFFB9FEB9DFAC1877A692" box="[299,547,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD71AFFB9FDAADFAC188BA692" author="Osborn H. F." box="[568,735,1926,1952]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Paratype left hemimandible MNHN.F.QU7202 with p3–m3. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71AFFB9FC75DF8319A8A6F1" bold="true" box="[999,1020,1961,1987]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71AFFB9FB3BDF831EE9A6F1" bold="true" box="[1193,1213,1961,1987]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B</emphasis>
. Occlusal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71AFFB9FF2EDFE61A85A6D4" bold="true" box="[188,209,1996,2022]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
. Medial view. Scale bar: 2 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FD923190BA0C6" blockId="31.[188,1399,265,500]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
MANDIBLES. The 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D71BFFB8FEEDD9231BB7A011" box="[383,483,265,291]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
hemimandibles MNHN.F.QU7202 and MNHN.F.QU7201 are incomplete, the symphysis and the two rami are not preserved (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED71BFFB8FD63D906191CA074" box="[753,840,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,654,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-156@30.[189,1399,654,1893]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 12. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Paratype left hemimandible MNHN.F.QU7202 with p3–m3. A. Lateral view. B. Occlusal view. C. Medial view. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945905/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). The foramen mentale was anterior to p3. The base of the corpus mandibulae is straight and the lingual groove is present, though extremely shallow, and barely visible. The foramen mandibulare is located below the teeth neck line. Because of the fragmentary condition of the specimen, no other characters can be observed. From another mandible from Quercy (MNHN.F.QU17193), we can observe that the posterior border of the mandible and the foramen mentale were both located at the level of p2, lingually and labially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDA311E0FA36A" blockId="31.[189,1398,539,600]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
UPPER DENTITION. The cheek teeth have no cement and the crown is low (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED71BFFB8FBB1DA311E2FA307" box="[1059,1147,539,565]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,231,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[229,1358,265,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-77@29.[229,1358,265,1861]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 11. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Holotype maxilla MNHN.F.QU7232 with P2–M3. A. Occlusal view. B. Right lateral view.C. Left lingual view. D. Drawing of the right toothrow with P2–M3 in occlusal view. Abbreviations: CO = choanae opening; IF = infraorbital foramen; OB = orbital border; PF = palatine foramen. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945903/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). The LP3–4/LM1–2 ratio is equal to 0.51, i.e., the premolar row is long compared to the molar row.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDA5418CFA29D" blockId="31.[189,1401,638,943]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
The first premolar is not preserved on the 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D71BFFB8FD3DDA541942A3AA" box="[687,790,638,664]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MNHN.F.QU7232. Only one P1 was found among the numerous isolated teeth of 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D71BFFB8FDADDA8B18B1A389" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[575,741,673,699]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D71BFFB8FDADDA8B18B1A389" box="[575,741,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Quercy in the MNHN collection, on a maxilla fragment with P2 (MNHN.F.QU16445). It has three roots, two labial and a lingual one. The paracone is the largest cusp, and the paracone and metacone folds are strong. The protocone is extremely weak, and fuses with the strong and continuous lingual cingulum. The protocone connects lingually to the hypocone by a small bridge. The protoloph is very weak and does not fully connect to the paracone. The metaloph is complete and connects the well-developed hypocone to the metacone. The parastyle is weak. The anterolingual cingulum is present. The labial cingulum is strong under the parastyle and the metacone but absent under the paracone.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDBFC198EA54E" blockId="31.[188,1400,982,1148]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
All upper premolars (P2–4) on the 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D71BFFB8FDE5DBFC188AA2C2" box="[631,734,982,1008]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
have a very strong and continuous lingual cingulum, which extends anteriorly and posteriorly. The labial cingulum is only present under the parastyle and metastyle, and completely absent under the paracone and metacone. The paracone fold is rather strong and the metacone fold is weak. There is no constriction of the protocone. They have no crista, crochet or antecrochet and the postfossette is narrow. They all bear three roots.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDC881926A430" blockId="31.[189,1400,1186,1282]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">The protocone and hypocone of P2 are equal and connected by a low lingual bridge. The protoloph is weak and directed towards the parastyle, not the paracone, and does not fully connect to the ectoloph. The metaloph is continuous and postero-lingually directed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDD031808A4BA" blockId="31.[189,1398,1321,1417]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">On P3, the hypocone is very weak and very poorly differentiated from the protocone by a shallow lingual groove. The protoloph is straight, connected to the parastyle and well developed. The metaloph is thinner, transverse and S-shaped.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDD8519EFA73D" blockId="31.[189,1399,1455,1551]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">The protocone and hypocone of P4 are completely fused, and the protoloph is L-shaped. The metaloph is very weak and it is completely separated from the protocone/hypocone. It is S-shaped, short and connects to the ectoloph between the paracone and the metacone.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDE1C1F22A7E9" blockId="31.[187,1399,1590,1756]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Upper molars have four roots. The lingual cingulum is strong and continuous, except under the hypocone of M1, where it is completely fainted. The labial cingulum is almost completely absent except for a few traces either under the parastyle or the metastyle. The paracone fold is strong and the metacone fold is absent. There is a broad and weak mesostyle on the ectoloph of M1. The crochet, crista and medifossette are completely absent and there is no protocone constriction. The posterior part of the ectoloph is straight.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDF2818E0A650" blockId="31.[189,1399,1794,1890]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">The M1 is square. The antecrochet is broad and distinguished by a postero-lingual groove on the protoloph. The postfossette is very short and shallow. The metaloph and protoloph are transverse. The posterior cingulum is high and continuous.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD71BFFB8FF2FDFA31B89A6DB" blockId="31.[188,1398,1929,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">The M2 differs from M1 by its larger size, the more oblique lophs, a shorter metaloph, and the metacone more lingual. There is no lingual groove of the protocone. The mesostyle is very weak and disappears at the base of the crown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF87FF2FD9231851A056" blockId="32.[189,1399,265,356]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">The M3 is quadrangular but bears no metacone. The metaloph and ectoloph are fused into an ectometaloph. The protocone is not constricted and the protoloph is transverse. The posterior groove on the ectometaloph is present.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF87FF2FD9A21E11A0F0" blockId="32.[189,1398,392,450]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
LOWER DENTITION. The p1, p2 and anterior dentition are unknown from the 
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D724FF87FBB6D9A21EC0A090" box="[1060,1172,392,418]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
MNHN.F.QU7202 and MNHN.F.QU7201, and from the other mandibles from Quercy (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED724FF87FC72D9821E6CA0F0" box="[992,1080,424,450]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,654,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-156@30.[189,1399,654,1893]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 12. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). Paratype left hemimandible MNHN.F.QU7202 with p3–m3. A. Lateral view. B. Occlusal view. C. Medial view. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945905/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF87FF2FD9CD18EAA271" blockId="32.[188,1401,487,835]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Other lower cheek teeth (p3–m3) are double-rooted, low-crowned, and have no cement. The labial cingulum is strong and almost completely continuous, it only vanishes under the ectolophid groove and it is very weak overall on m1. The lingual cingulum is present at the opening of the anterior and posterior valleys. The ectolophid groove is developed until the neck. In occlusal view, the trigonid is very angular and forms a right dihedron while the talonid is rounded. The metaconid of p3 bears a weak anterior crest that is almost joining the anterior branch of the paralophid. There are no vertical rugosities on p3. The talonid of p3–4 is poorly developed and the entoconid is almost completely absent. The hypolophid is very low and the posterior valley is U-shaped in lingual view. The anterior valley opens much higher above the neck than the posterior one. The metaconid of premolars is very large and slightly constricted. The anterior branch of the paralophid is long on molars and premolars. The entoconid of molars is strongly developed and slightly constricted.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF87FF2FDB4218E5A511" blockId="32.[189,1400,872,1059]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
POSTCRANIALS. The postcranial remains from the Quercy collection can only be hardly associated with the cranial remains for several reasons. First, almost all specimens belong to ‘old’ collections, i.e., the exact localities were not specified, and specimens were mixed together and could belong to several loci. Furthermore, the Quercy localities range in age from the early Eocene to the early Miocene, and thus cannot be precisely dated. Therefore, only a few well-preserved postcranial remains are tentatively attributed to? 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D724FF87FEF2DC201B92A511" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[352,454,1033,1059]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D724FF87FEF2DC201B92A511" box="[352,454,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">R. filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and described here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF87FF2FDC6D18FFA4F6" blockId="32.[187,1400,1095,1477]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
SCAPHOID. The scaphoid NMB-QV-275 is very well preserved, except for the distal part of the anterior apophysis, which is partly broken (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED724FF87FDF2DC4218A0A5B0" box="[608,756,1128,1154]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1636,1662]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-220@33.[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 13.?Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). – A–D. Right scaphoid NMB-QV-275. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view. C. Proximal view. D. Distal view. – E–I. Right lunate NMB-QE-440. E. Anterior view. F. Lateral view. G. Medial view. H. Proximal view. I. Distal view. – J–N. Left pyramidal NMB-QE-433. J. Anterior view. K. Medial view. L. Posterior view. M. Proximal view. N. Distal view. – O–S. Left magnum NMB-QE-472. O. Anterior view. P. Medial view. Q. Lateral view. R. Proximal view. S. Distal view. – T–X. Left cuboid NMB-QE-362. T. Anterior view. U. Medial view. V. Lateral view. W. Proximal view. X. Distal view. Abbreviations: a = astragalus; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ca = calcaneus; e = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945908/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 13A–D</figureCitation>
). The posterior height is slightly reduced compared to the anterior. The proximal articulation for the radius is large, and very concave anteroposteriorly. It is lozenge-shaped in proximal view, and very developed laterally. Below and anterior to this proximal facet is the thin and elongated anteroproximal facet for the lunate, which is completely fused to the posteroproximal one. The anteroproximal one is horizontal while the posterior is oblique. The anterodistal facet for the lunate is separated from the proximal ones by a wide groove. This facet is long and low, but hardly distinguishable from the distal magnum facet just below. This distal facet for the magnum is very concave in lateral view and separated from the large medio-distal facet for the trapezoid by a high ridge. The latter is also very concave in lateral view, but very convex mesio-laterally, and bears a large extension on the medial side. The trapezium facet is not reduced and separated from the trapezoid facet by a ridge. It is quite flat and oval-shaped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF87FF2FDDC31BA1A796" blockId="32.[188,1399,1513,1700]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
LUNATE. The lunate NMB-QE-440 is very poorly preserved and the posterior part is broken (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED724FF87FB7ADDC31F3EA731" box="[1256,1386,1513,1539]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1636,1662]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-220@33.[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 13.?Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). – A–D. Right scaphoid NMB-QV-275. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view. C. Proximal view. D. Distal view. – E–I. Right lunate NMB-QE-440. E. Anterior view. F. Lateral view. G. Medial view. H. Proximal view. I. Distal view. – J–N. Left pyramidal NMB-QE-433. J. Anterior view. K. Medial view. L. Posterior view. M. Proximal view. N. Distal view. – O–S. Left magnum NMB-QE-472. O. Anterior view. P. Medial view. Q. Lateral view. R. Proximal view. S. Distal view. – T–X. Left cuboid NMB-QE-362. T. Anterior view. U. Medial view. V. Lateral view. W. Proximal view. X. Distal view. Abbreviations: a = astragalus; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ca = calcaneus; e = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945908/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 13E–I</figureCitation>
). In anterior view, the distal border is very acute. Three facets are visible in medial view, two small ones are for the scaphoid, while the most distal one, for the magnum, is thin and elongated until the posterior border. On the lateral side, the two facets for the pyramidal are separated by a deep groove. The distal facet is larger than the proximal one. In distal view, the unciform facet is large, almost rectangular and anteroposteriorly concave.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF87FF2FDEE31EC3A651" blockId="32.[187,1400,1736,1892]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
PYRAMIDAL. The pyramidal NMB-QE-433 is perfectly preserved (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED724FF87FC26DEE21E6FA7D0" box="[948,1083,1736,1762]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1636,1662]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-220@33.[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 13.?Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). – A–D. Right scaphoid NMB-QV-275. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view. C. Proximal view. D. Distal view. – E–I. Right lunate NMB-QE-440. E. Anterior view. F. Lateral view. G. Medial view. H. Proximal view. I. Distal view. – J–N. Left pyramidal NMB-QE-433. J. Anterior view. K. Medial view. L. Posterior view. M. Proximal view. N. Distal view. – O–S. Left magnum NMB-QE-472. O. Anterior view. P. Medial view. Q. Lateral view. R. Proximal view. S. Distal view. – T–X. Left cuboid NMB-QE-362. T. Anterior view. U. Medial view. V. Lateral view. W. Proximal view. X. Distal view. Abbreviations: a = astragalus; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ca = calcaneus; e = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945908/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 13J–N</figureCitation>
). The proximal articulation for the ulna is very large, concave anteroposteriorly and convex transversally. The postero-proximal facet for the pisiform is long and drop-shaped. On the medial side, there are two large facets for the lunate, separated by a deep groove. The distal one is symmetrical and slightly curved towards the posterior side. In distal view, the facet for the unciform is triangular and concave anteroposteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD724FF84FF2FDFA01E6BA0F6" blockId="32.[189,1400,1930,2025]" lastBlockId="35.[188,1400,265,453]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
MAGNUM. The magnum NMB-QE-472 is well preserved and complete (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED724FF87FB9EDFA01ECDA696" box="[1036,1177,1930,1956]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1636,1662]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-220@33.[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 13.?Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). – A–D. Right scaphoid NMB-QV-275. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view. C. Proximal view. D. Distal view. – E–I. Right lunate NMB-QE-440. E. Anterior view. F. Lateral view. G. Medial view. H. Proximal view. I. Distal view. – J–N. Left pyramidal NMB-QE-433. J. Anterior view. K. Medial view. L. Posterior view. M. Proximal view. N. Distal view. – O–S. Left magnum NMB-QE-472. O. Anterior view. P. Medial view. Q. Lateral view. R. Proximal view. S. Distal view. – T–X. Left cuboid NMB-QE-362. T. Anterior view. U. Medial view. V. Lateral view. W. Proximal view. X. Distal view. Abbreviations: a = astragalus; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ca = calcaneus; e = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945908/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 13O–S</figureCitation>
). The anterior side is pentagonal, and the proximal apophysis is very high. In anterior view, the anterior border of the scaphoid facet is slightly concave while the distal border is almost completely straight. On the lateral side, the lunate and unciform facets are fused and form a unique L-shaped facet, occupying all the anterolateral part of the proximal apophysis. Distally, it contacts the distal facet for the McIII. This latter is very concave anteroposteriorly. The posterior tuberosity is very short and curved. In medial view, the distal McII facet and the medial facet for the trapezoid are almost in the same plane; they are only distinguished by a very low ridge, and there is no indentation separating them. The McII facet is flat. The trapezoid facet is large and widely connected to the proximal magnum facet.
</paragraph>
<caption id="19E91CD3D725FF86FF2FDE4E1972A6ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945908" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945908/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[189,232,1636,1662]" targetBox="[189,1399,265,1580]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD725FF86FF2FDE4E1972A6ED" blockId="33.[188,1400,1636,2015]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FF2FDE4E1B4AA74C" bold="true" box="[189,286,1636,1662]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
? 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D725FF86FEA4DE4E18BBA74C" authority="(Osborn, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[310,751,1636,1662]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FEA4DE4E1879A74C" box="[310,557,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD725FF86FDD2DE4E18B3A74C" author="Osborn H. F." box="[576,743,1636,1662]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FED3DEAD1B2EA793" bold="true" box="[321,378,1671,1697]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A–D</emphasis>
. Right scaphoid NMB-QV-275. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FC97DEAD194EA793" bold="true" box="[773,794,1671,1697]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
. Medial view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FC43DEAD19B1A793" bold="true" box="[977,997,1671,1697]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">B</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FB0EDEAD1EE5A793" bold="true" box="[1180,1201,1671,1697]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
. Proximal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FF2FDE811A86A7F7" bold="true" box="[189,210,1707,1733]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">D</emphasis>
. Distal view. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FE1DDE811BE8A7F7" bold="true" box="[399,444,1707,1733]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">E–I</emphasis>
. Right lunate NMB-QE-440. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FC8DDE811966A7F7" bold="true" box="[799,818,1707,1733]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">E</emphasis>
. Anterior view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FC60DE811E50A7F7" bold="true" box="[1010,1028,1707,1733]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">F</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FB25DE801E99A7F6" bold="true" box="[1207,1229,1706,1732]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G</emphasis>
. Medial view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FF2CDEE41A80A7DA" bold="true" box="[190,212,1742,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H</emphasis>
. Proximal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FE36DEE41BF9A7DA" bold="true" box="[420,429,1742,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">I</emphasis>
. Distal view. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FDE3DEE418F6A7DA" bold="true" box="[625,674,1742,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">J–N</emphasis>
. Left pyramidal NMB-QE-433. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FBB8DEE41E63A7DA" bold="true" box="[1066,1079,1742,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">J</emphasis>
. Anterior view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FB6EDEE41F46A7DA" bold="true" box="[1276,1298,1742,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">K</emphasis>
. Medial view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FE9ADEDB1B48A639" bold="true" box="[264,284,1777,1803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L</emphasis>
. Posterior view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FE60DEDB185AA639" bold="true" box="[498,526,1777,1803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">M</emphasis>
. Proximal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FD74DEDB18AFA639" bold="true" box="[742,763,1777,1803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">N</emphasis>
. Distal view. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FC58DEDB1E54A639" bold="true" box="[970,1024,1777,1803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O–S</emphasis>
. Left magnum NMB-QE-472. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FF2FDF3E1A80A61C" bold="true" box="[189,212,1812,1838]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">O</emphasis>
. Anterior view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FE0DDF3E1BFBA61C" bold="true" box="[415,431,1812,1838]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P</emphasis>
. Medial view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FDF8DF3E18D5A61C" bold="true" box="[618,641,1812,1838]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Q</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FCA9DF3E1904A61C" bold="true" box="[827,848,1812,1838]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">R</emphasis>
. Proximal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FBB1DF3E1E67A61C" bold="true" box="[1059,1075,1812,1838]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
. Distal view. – 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FB69DF3E1F67A61C" bold="true" box="[1275,1331,1812,1838]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T–X</emphasis>
. Left cuboid NMB-QE-362. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FE5FDF1D1BB5A663" bold="true" box="[461,481,1847,1873]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T</emphasis>
. Anterior view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FD0FDF1D18E6A663" bold="true" box="[669,690,1847,1873]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">U</emphasis>
. Medial view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FCF1DF1D192CA663" bold="true" box="[867,888,1847,1873]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">V</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FBB5DF1D1E10A663" bold="true" box="[1063,1092,1847,1873]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">W</emphasis>
. Proximal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D725FF86FA9EDF1D1F75A663" bold="true" box="[1292,1313,1847,1873]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">X</emphasis>
. Distal view. Abbreviations: a = astragalus; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ca = calcaneus; e = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="19E91CD3D726FF85FF2FDFA21F06A6DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945912" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945912/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[348,1240,265,1896]" targetPageId="34">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD726FF85FF2FDFA21F06A6DB" blockId="34.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D726FF85FF2FDFA21B48A690" bold="true" box="[189,284,1928,1954]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D726FF85FEB4DFA21889A690" authority="(Osborn, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[294,733,1928,1954]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D726FF85FEB4DFA2184FA690" box="[294,539,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD726FF85FDBFDFA21880A690" author="Osborn H. F." box="[557,724,1928,1954]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="229 - 267" refId="ref41774" refString="Osborn H. F. 1900. Phylogeny of the rhinoceroses of Europe. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13: 229 - 267." type="journal article" year="1900">Osborn, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, senior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D726FF85FC47DFA31EB1A690" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[981,1253,1928,1954]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D726FF85FC47DFA31E6CA690" box="[981,1080,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">R. kochi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD726FF85FBADDFA21EB1A690" author="Kretzoi M." box="[1087,1253,1928,1954]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from Valea Popii, Cluj-Napoca (earliest Oligocene, Romania). Right maxilla MBT 1509 with P2–M3. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D726FF85FB7EDF811F55A6F7" bold="true" box="[1260,1281,1963,1989]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
. Occlusal view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D726FF85FE91DFE51B43A6DB" bold="true" box="[259,279,1999,2025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B</emphasis>
. Drawing of P2–M3. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D726FF85FD8ADFE41879A6DA" bold="true" box="[536,557,1998,2024]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
. Maxilla in lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FE29049D726FF85FCC1DFE5193CA6DB" bold="true" box="[851,872,1999,2025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">D</emphasis>
. Maxilla in medial view. Scale bar: 2 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FD9C3186FA277" blockId="35.[187,1400,489,837]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
CUBOID. The cuboid NMB-QE-362 is perfectly preserved (
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED727FF84FCFBD9C319ADA331" box="[873,1017,489,515]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[189,232,1636,1662]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-220@33.[189,1399,265,1580]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 13.?Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900) from the Phosphorites du Quercy (early Oligocene?, France). – A–D. Right scaphoid NMB-QV-275. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view. C. Proximal view. D. Distal view. – E–I. Right lunate NMB-QE-440. E. Anterior view. F. Lateral view. G. Medial view. H. Proximal view. I. Distal view. – J–N. Left pyramidal NMB-QE-433. J. Anterior view. K. Medial view. L. Posterior view. M. Proximal view. N. Distal view. – O–S. Left magnum NMB-QE-472. O. Anterior view. P. Medial view. Q. Lateral view. R. Proximal view. S. Distal view. – T–X. Left cuboid NMB-QE-362. T. Anterior view. U. Medial view. V. Lateral view. W. Proximal view. X. Distal view. Abbreviations: a = astragalus; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ca = calcaneus; e = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945908/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 13T–X</figureCitation>
). In proximal view, the posterior apophysis is almost not visible. The proximal articulation is oval-shaped, and the two surfaces for the astragalus and calcaneus are very poorly distinguished. It is very concave anteroposteriorly and very high at the posterior end. The proximal border of the anterior side is oblique, the distal one is slightly convex while the medial and lateral borders are irregular and are crossed by median grooves. The lateral one is much wider than the medial one and isolates the posterior apophysis. On the medial side, the anterodistal facet for the ectocuneiform is large and anteroposteriorly elongated. The postero-proximal facet for the navicular is very large, concave and bears a thin anterior extension below the proximal articulation. The small and rectangular posterior surface for the ectocuneiform is located almost perpendicular to the postero-distal border of this navicular surface. The distal articulation for the MtIV is a triangular-shaped lozenge and is deeper than wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D727FF84FF2FDB401945A543" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FDB401B70A2B6" blockId="35.[188,1399,874,1137]" box="[189,292,874,900]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="1661FB37D727FF84FF2FDB401B70A2B6" bold="true" box="[189,292,874,900]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDB401B70A2B6" bold="true" box="[189,292,874,900]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remark</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FDBBF1945A543" blockId="35.[188,1399,874,1137]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDBBF1BF9A29D" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[189,429,917,943]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDBBF1BF9A29D" box="[189,429,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also known from other localities, notably in Villebramar and Bournoncle-Saint- Pierre, where specimens are rather well-preserved. It is found at several localities of South-Germany (e.g., Möhren, Burgmagerbein or Ronheim; 
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FD52DBFC1907A2C2" author="Uhlig U." box="[704,851,982,1008]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="477 - 481" refId="ref42888" refString="Uhlig U. 1999 a. Paleobiogeography of some Paleogene Rhinocerotoids (Mammalia) in Europe. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae 2: 477 - 481." type="journal article" year="1999">Uhlig 1999a</bibRefCitation>
), but only by scarce remains. We also consider 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2EDBDD1B48A522" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[188,284,1014,1040]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kochi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2EDBDD1B48A522" box="[188,284,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R. kochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D727FF84FEF1DBDC1BADA522" box="[355,505,1014,1040]" country="Romania" name="Cluj" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cluj-Napoca</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED727FF84FD9BDBDC180FA522" box="[521,603,1014,1040]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[348,1240,265,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-64@34.[348,1240,265,1896]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 14. Ronzotherium filholi (Osborn, 1900), senior synonym of R. kochi Kretzoi, 1940, from Valea Popii, Cluj-Napoca (earliest Oligocene, Romania). Right maxilla MBT 1509 with P2–M3. A. Occlusal view. B. Drawing of P2–M3. C. Maxilla in lateral view. D. Maxilla in medial view. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945912/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) as a junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FCEEDBDD19B4A522" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[892,992,1014,1040]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FCEEDBDD19B4A522" box="[892,992,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R. filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All the material from Villebramar has already been fully described by 
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDFEDC3D1941A502" author="Brunet M." box="[620,789,1046,1073]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet (1979)</bibRefCitation>
so it will not be described again here. The locality of Villebramar provided by far the broadest sample for 
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FCCEDC1D1997A563" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[860,963,1079,1105]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FCCEDC1D1997A563" box="[860,963,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R. filholi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including a complete skull, several hemimandibles and numerous postcranial remains.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>