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<document id="7D733E5A7BEBEA0F37F51134DE9DFEEF" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a10" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8056122" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:370E4D0A-FF10-4CAC-AF9F-A1A866FC1BEB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1687185334800" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Harmelin, Jean-Georges &amp; Rosso, Antonietta" docDate="2023" docId="03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.45.10.373-407.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 45 (10)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.5:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Escharella similis Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas 2022" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="389" masterDocId="FFC2A7379D17FF81D450F029CF2BBF5B" masterDocTitle="On some “ Hemicyclopora ” Norman, 1894 and “ Escharella ” Gray, 1848 species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) from the Atlantic-Mediterranean region. Re-examination of their generic status and description of new species and a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="373" pageNumber="387" updateTime="1687201576517" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="546E55A2CDD32B0A642686A166E9C53D">On some “ Hemicyclopora ” Norman, 1894 and “ Escharella ” Gray, 1848 species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) from the Atlantic-Mediterranean region. Re-examination of their generic status and description of new species and a new genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E32096D3F89F7B16685A286A4535B5B4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4A07C1283981FC7C7CB5DF06A0BF31AA">Harmelin, Jean-Georges</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D1636C740ADC943F350F778C609E3337">Station marine d’Endoume (SME), Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers (OSU) Pytheas, Institut méditerranéen d’Océanologie (MIO), Groupement d’Intérêt scientifique (GIS) Posidonie, Aix-Marseille University, F- 13007 Marseille (France) jean-georges. harmelin @ univ-amu. fr / jg. harmelin @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="151B4209147F6BFBAB16A5F8F3CE86D3" type="email">harmelin@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="FC93C6C96DC5886985B417F2B2B2C9D7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="012FC35056A00D67C08616BB1DCCCC86">Rosso, Antonietta</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C8FF9348FDFFF803F6EDDA17E20BFA81">Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Catania, Corso Italia 57, I- 95129, Catania (Italy) and Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Piazzale Flaminio, 9, I- 00196, Roma (Italy) rosso @ unict. it</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ED5193153FFB60C01466A7FFA22D145D" type="email">rosso@unict.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9568A7201985AF0202846361327F99EA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5576710B367C2D408BB55B8B994D3271">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="DD109B70DA628F4EFD91E48104B6B6F3">
<mods:date id="EB2C06F04EDD1E35693870F1947328E3">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="03D06318E5D8DE863468DE771BD9C42D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="ECAAC84E4B26C9BD75CB21586A74EB34">2023-06-15</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="493CEACAA86D76971FEB46FC5A42E722" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C7B223E14AC8DB20774BD0069B68CC6A">45</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9146036D8D8900F2BF72208B36233872">10</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A68285418ADA69741506D0FEF290F745" type="DOI">10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a10</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<subSubSection id="C3483DD29D07FF91D041F65BCA77B9F7" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D07FF91D041F65BCA77B9F7" blockId="16.[896,1372,1650,1740]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<heading id="D0A5D9359D07FF91D041F65BCA77B9F7" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D07FF91D041F65BCA77B9F7" authority="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022" authorityName="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D041F65BCBE0B9D6" bold="true" box="[1041,1227,1650,1677]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Escharella similis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D07FF91D7D0F6BBCA77B9F7" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[896,1372,1682,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">Ramalho, Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3483DD29D07FF91D7E9F69BCA08B997" box="[953,1315,1714,1740]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D07FF91D7E9F69BCA08B997" blockId="16.[896,1372,1650,1740]" box="[953,1315,1714,1740]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D7E9F69BCCE9B997" bold="true" box="[953,962,1714,1740]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">(</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D07FF91D792F69BCB2BB997" box="[962,1024,1714,1740]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Figs 7</figureCitation>
A-F; 10G-I;
<tableCitation id="C6D05BE29D07FF91D0D9F69BCBC9B997" box="[1161,1250,1714,1740]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="7.[133,143,219,237]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. — Comparative measurements of the length and width of non-ovicellate zooids (AZ L &amp; AZ W), and width of ovicells (OV W) in specimens assigned to Hemicyclopora Norman, 1894, Escharella Gray, 1848 and Scutocyclopora n. gen.: H. neatonensis n. sp. (HN), H. hexaspinae n. sp. (HH), H. discrepans (Jullien in Jullien &amp; Calvet, 1903) (HD), “H.” celtica n. sp. (HC), E. similis Ramalho, Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022 (ES), “E.” massiliana n. sp. (EM), “H.” pytheasi n. sp. (HP), S. dentata (López de la Cuadra &amp; García-Gómez, 1991) n. comb. (SD). Specimens from the Mediterranean (Med) and the Atlantic (Atl) in the following areas: Gulf of Cadiz (GC), seamounts (SM), Iberian coast (IC), Bay of Biscay (BB) and Armorican margin (AM). Number of measured colonies in brackets. Mean ± standard deviation (range; number of data), measurements in microns." pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Tables 1</tableCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6D05BE29D07FF91D0A0F69BCBD4B997" box="[1264,1279,1714,1740]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="15.[132,143,219,237]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 3. — Features of three species of the complex ‘similis’ (Escharella similis Ramalho, Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022,original description by Ramalho et al. 2022 and present material; “Escharella” massiliana n. sp.; “Hemicyclopora” pytheasi n. sp.), and of “H.” celtica n. sp. Abbreviations: Acl, acleithral; BKz, associated to a basal kenozoid; crypt, cryptocyst; DAz, associated to a distal autozooid; Op, opesia; Rec, recumbent." pageId="16" pageNumber="387">3</tableCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6D05BE29D07FF91D15CF69BCA30B997" box="[1292,1307,1714,1740]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="15.[132,143,957,975]" captionTargetId="graphics-849@15.[132,1455,1146,1410]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 4. — Geographical distribution of the examined species.Abbreviations:HN, Hemicyclopora neatonensis n. sp.; HH, H. hexaspinae n. sp.; HD, H. discrepans; HC, “H.” celtica n. sp.; HP, “H.” pytheasi n. sp.; ES, Escharella similis Ramalho, Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022; EM, “E.” massiliana n. sp.; SD, Scutocyclopora dentata (Lopez de la Cuadra &amp; Garcia-Gomez, 1991) n. comb.;Hsp1, Hemicyclopora sp.1; Hsp2, Hemicyclopora sp.2.; MED, Mediterranean;ATL, Atlantic. Alb, Alboran Sea; NW Med, north-western Mediterranean; CE Med, central Mediterranean extended to the southern Tyrrhenian Sea and the Adriatic.GuCa, Gulf of Cadiz and close seamounts; Ibe Atl, Iberian Atlantic coast; Bis Ar, Bay of Biscay and Armorican margin; Az Is, Azores Islands." pageId="16" pageNumber="387">4</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4249779D07FF91D77DF6DDCC9FB87C" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF348489D07FF91D77DF6DDCA81B857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6301228" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6301228" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2DED7AC0-2358-459D-8627-A498F5309300" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[813,1450,1780,1804]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D10787E6FFF53F26C1BA9336C749FAD2" page="71" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" year="2022">
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D07FF91D77DF6DDCA81B857" authority="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022: 71" authorityName="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="2022" box="[813,1450,1780,1804]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D77DF6DDCCE7B857" box="[813,972,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Escharella similis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D07FF91D782F6DDCA81B857" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[978,1450,1780,1804]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">Ramalho, Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022: 71</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 9, table 2.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D07FF91D77DF717CA37B80D" blockId="16.[813,1308,1854,1878]" box="[813,1308,1854,1878]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4249779D07FF91D77DF717CA37B80D" box="[813,1308,1854,1878]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D07FF91D77DF717CC87B80D" box="[813,940,1854,1878]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D77DF717CCA1B80D" box="[813,906,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Escharella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0AF348489D07FF91D794F717CBE2B80D" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; CABALLERO-HERRERA J. A. &amp; URRA J. &amp; RUEDA J. L." box="[964,1225,1854,1878]" page="106" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D07FF91D794F717CBE2B80D" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; CABALLERO-HERRERA J. A. &amp; URRA J. &amp; RUEDA J. L." box="[964,1225,1854,1878]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" pagination="106" refId="ref32143" refString="RAMALHO L. V., CABALLERO-HERRERA J. A., URRA J. &amp; RUEDA J. L. 2020 a. - Bryozoans from Chella Bank, (Seco de los ‰ livos) with the description of a new species and some new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biodiversity 50, 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 020 - 01119 - y" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D073F716CB79B80D" box="[1059,1106,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">et al.</emphasis>
2020a: 106
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, table 2.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D07FF91D77DF747CA80B8DD" blockId="16.[813,1451,1902,1926]" box="[813,1451,1902,1926]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D07FF91D77DF747CB33B8DD" baseAuthorityName="Jullien" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[813,1048,1902,1926]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Hemicyclopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="discrepans">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D77DF747CB33B8DD" box="[813,1048,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Hemicyclopora discrepans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Harmelin &amp; d’Hondt 1992: 30 (part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3483DD29D07FF90D77DF7B7CC23B958" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D07FF90D77DF7B7CC21BAEF" blockId="16.[813,1455,1949,2026]" lastBlockId="17.[130,778,1330,1540]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
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<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D07FF91D7C9F78ACCD5B8EF" box="[921,1022,1955,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">EXAMINED</collectionCode>
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. —
<materialsCitation id="3B3A64049D07FF91D07EF7B6CA0CB8B1" collectingDate="1984-06-15" collectionCode="R, V, VI, JGH" collectorName="Cryos &amp; Balgim Stn DR" elevation="145" latitude="35.421665" location="Dre" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-4.3216667" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D07EF7B6CA66B8EC" bold="true" box="[1070,1357,1951,1975]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B89F4239D07FF91D07EF7B6CBEEB8EC" box="[1070,1221,1951,1975]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Mediterranean</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E8D38829D07FF91D082F7B6CA66B8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35:8E8D38829D07FF91D082F7B6CA66B8EC" box="[1234,1357,1951,1975]" municipality="Mediterranean" name="Alboran Sea" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Alboran Sea</location>
</emphasis>
• 1 small colony;
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D07FF91D7D1F791CCB9B88B" box="[897,914,1976,2000]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">R</collectionCode>
/
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<emphasis id="B926B24B9D07FF91D7E5F791CCC3B894" box="[949,1000,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D07FF91D7E5F791CCC3B894" box="[949,1000,1976,1999]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Cryos</collectorName>
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,
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D07FF91D7A7F791CBB2B88B" box="[1015,1177,1976,2000]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Balgim Stn DR</collectorName>
130,
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,
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;
<elevation id="007F896A9D07FF91D77DF7FBCC98B8B1" box="[813,947,2002,2026]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="145.0">
<quantity id="4CAAC3BC9D07FF91D77DF7FBCC44B8B1" box="[813,879,2002,2026]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="145.0">145 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="FFEC48999D07FF91D7EEF7FBCB1FB8B1" box="[958,1076,2002,2026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" value="1984-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA8B1719D07FF91D7EEF7FBCB1FB8B1" box="[958,1076,2002,2026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" value="1984-06-15">
15.
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D07FF91D78AF7FBCCD3B8B1" box="[986,1016,2002,2026]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">VI</collectionCode>
.1984
</collectingDate>
</date>
; on shell;
<location id="8E8D38829D07FF91D0CCF7FACBEFB8B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35:8E8D38829D07FF91D0CCF7FACBEFB8B1" box="[1180,1220,2003,2026]" latitude="35.421665" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-4.3216667" name="Dre" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">Dre</location>
;
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D07FF91D080F7FBCA2BB8B1" box="[1232,1280,2002,2026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="387">JGH</collectionCode>
leg
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="3B3A64049D07FF90D114F7FBCD1CBA3E" collectingDate="1984-06-15" collectionCode="R, V, VI, JGH" collectorName="Cryos &amp; Balgim Stn DW" elevation="170" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="388" latitude="35.428333" location="Dre" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-4.3133335" pageId="16" pageNumber="387" specimenCount="1">
4 colonies;
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D4D4F51ACFBEBA10" box="[132,149,1331,1355]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D4CDF51ACF84BA10" box="[157,175,1331,1355]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D4E8F51ACFC6BA11" box="[184,237,1331,1354]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D06FF90D4E8F51ACFC6BA11" box="[184,237,1331,1354]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Cryos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D06FF90D4ACF51ACE8EBA10" box="[252,421,1331,1355]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Balgim Stn DW</collectorName>
132,
<geoCoordinate id="EE66089E9D06FF90D589F51BCD6CBA11" box="[473,583,1330,1354]" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="25.7" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" precision="92" value="35.428333">35°25.7’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE66089E9D06FF90D603F51ACD9FBA10" box="[595,692,1331,1355]" degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="18.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" precision="92" value="-4.3133335">4°18.8’W</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="007F896A9D06FF90D693F51ACFEABA3E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="170.0">
<quantity id="4CAAC3BC9D06FF90D693F51ACC2CBA11" box="[707,775,1331,1355]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="170.0">170 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="FFEC48999D06FF90D49CF564CE6BBA3E" box="[204,320,1357,1381]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" value="1984-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA8B1719D06FF90D49CF564CE6BBA3E" box="[204,320,1357,1381]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" value="1984-06-15">
15.
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D4B8F564CE2DBA3E" box="[232,262,1357,1381]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">VI</collectionCode>
.1984
</collectingDate>
</date>
, on shells;
<location id="8E8D38829D06FF90D5FEF567CEFDBA3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35:8E8D38829D06FF90D5FEF567CEFDBA3E" box="[430,470,1358,1381]" latitude="35.428333" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-4.3133335" name="Dre" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Dre</location>
;
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D5B1F564CD3ABA3E" box="[481,529,1357,1381]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">JGH</collectionCode>
leg
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="3B3A64049D06FF90D602F564CC21BAEF" collectingDate="1984-06-15" collectionCode="R, V, VI, JGH" collectorName="Cryos &amp; Balgim Stn" county="Dre" elevation="205" latitude="35.43" location="Ibero-Moroccan Gulf" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-4.2833333" municipality="Atlantic" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Monaghan">
1 ovicellate colony with ancestrula,
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D574F541CE18BA24" box="[292,307,1384,1407]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">c.</emphasis>
30 autozooids (4 ovicells) + 1 small colony,
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D68DF541CDC5BADB" box="[733,750,1384,1408]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D6A5F541CC2CBADB" box="[757,775,1384,1408]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D4D4F5ABCF9CBAC2" box="[132,183,1410,1433]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D06FF90D4D4F5ABCF9CBAC2" box="[132,183,1410,1433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Cryos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D06FF90D496F5ABCE1FBAC1" box="[198,308,1410,1434]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Balgim Stn</collectorName>
DW134,
<geoCoordinate id="EE66089E9D06FF90D5CCF5ABCD2DBAC1" box="[412,518,1410,1434]" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="25.8" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" precision="92" value="35.43">35°25.8’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE66089E9D06FF90D642F5ABCD44BAC1" box="[530,623,1410,1434]" degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="17.0" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" precision="92" value="-4.2833333">4°17.0’W</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="007F896A9D06FF90D62EF5ABCC28BAC1" box="[638,771,1410,1434]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="205.0">
<quantity id="4CAAC3BC9D06FF90D62EF5ABCDEBBAC2" box="[638,704,1410,1434]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="205.0">205 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="FFEC48999D06FF90D4D6F5B5CFDFBAEF" box="[134,244,1436,1460]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" value="1984-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA8B1719D06FF90D4D6F5B5CFDFBAEF" box="[134,244,1436,1460]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" value="1984-06-15">
15.
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D4F0F5B5CF97BAEF" box="[160,188,1436,1460]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">VI</collectionCode>
.1984
</collectingDate>
</date>
; on biogenic concretion and shell;
<collectingCounty id="628C16D59D06FF90D679F5B4CD64BAEF" box="[553,591,1437,1460]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Dre</collectingCounty>
;
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D607F5B4CDAEBAEE" box="[599,645,1437,1461]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">JGH</collectionCode>
leg.;
<collectingRegion id="4996A0BB9D06FF90D6E2F5B4CC2DBAEF" box="[690,774,1437,1460]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">MNHN</collectingRegion>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2D3ED19D06FF90D4D5F4ACCAA4BBA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" startId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" targetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D06FF90D4D5F4ACCAA4BBA9" blockId="17.[133,1455,1157,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<smallCapsWord id="8D0BF8859D06FF90D4D5F4ACCFB6BBCD" baselines="1170,1171" box="[133,157,1157,1175]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 7. —
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D06FF90D482F4ACCDEFBBCC" authority="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022" authorityName="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[210,708,1157,1175]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D482F4ACCE76BBCC" box="[210,349,1157,1175]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Escharella similis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D06FF90D531F4ACCDEFBBCC" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[353,708,1157,1175]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D69AF4ACCDFCBBCC" bold="true" box="[714,727,1157,1175]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">A</emphasis>
, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids;
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D068F4ACCB6EBBCC" bold="true" box="[1080,1093,1157,1175]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">B</emphasis>
, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo;
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D5C4F4B5CE89BBF5" bold="true" box="[404,418,1180,1198]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">C</emphasis>
, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view;
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D128F4B5CAADBBF5" bold="true" box="[1400,1414,1180,1198]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">D</emphasis>
, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump;
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D054F49ACB3BBB9E" bold="true" box="[1028,1040,1203,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">E</emphasis>
, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position;
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D759F4E0CC3FBB80" bold="true" box="[777,788,1225,1243]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">F</emphasis>
, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin:
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D546F4C9CE08BBA9" bold="true" box="[278,291,1248,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D57DF4C9CE11BBA9" bold="true" box="[301,314,1248,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D515F4C9CE78BBA9" bold="true" box="[325,339,1248,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D50DF4C9CE42BBA9" bold="true" box="[349,361,1248,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D524F4C9CE54BBA9" bold="true" box="[372,383,1248,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">F</emphasis>
, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132;
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D6D0F4C9CDA5BBA9" bold="true" box="[640,654,1248,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">D</emphasis>
, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D06FF90D4D2F59ECC23B958" blockId="17.[130,778,1330,1540]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<materialsCitation id="3B3A64049D06FF90D4D2F59ECEF8BA8B" box="[130,467,1463,1488]" collectingDate="1984-06-15" collectionCode="R, V, VI, JGH" collectorName="Cryos &amp; Balgim Stn" county="Dre" elevation="205" latitude="35.43" location="Ibero-Moroccan Gulf" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-4.2833333" municipality="Atlantic" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Monaghan">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D4D2F59ECFDDBA8B" bold="true" box="[130,246,1463,1488]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
NE
<collectingMunicipality id="6B89F4239D06FF90D4FAF591CFDDBA8B" box="[170,246,1464,1488]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Atlantic</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D555F59ECEF8BA8B" bold="true" box="[261,467,1463,1488]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<location id="8E8D38829D06FF90D555F59ECEF8BA8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35:8E8D38829D06FF90D555F59ECEF8BA8B" box="[261,467,1463,1488]" county="Dre" latitude="35.43" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-4.2833333" municipality="Atlantic" name="Ibero-Moroccan Gulf" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" stateProvince="Monaghan">Ibero-Moroccan Gulf</location>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B3A64049D06FF90D5B9F59ECC2FB958" collectingDate="1984-06-02" collectionCode="R, V, VI, JGH" collectorName="Cryos &amp; Balgim Stn" elevation="135" latitude="35.908333" location="Dre" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-6.221667" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Monaghan">
1 ovicellate colony,
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D6F2F591CD9ABA94" box="[674,689,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">c.</emphasis>
60 autozooids + 1 small colony coated for SEM;
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D5A6F5F8CD2DBAB2" box="[502,518,1489,1513]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D65DF5F8CD35BAB2" box="[525,542,1489,1513]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D672F5FBCD79BAB2" box="[546,594,1490,1513]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D06FF90D672F5FBCD79BAB2" box="[546,594,1490,1513]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Cryos</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<collectorName id="26A70B8F9D06FF90D60CF5F8CDE9BAB2" box="[604,706,1489,1513]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Balgim Stn</collectorName>
DR42,
<geoCoordinate id="EE66089E9D06FF90D4D3F5C5CFC8B95F" box="[131,227,1516,1540]" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="54.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" precision="92" value="35.908333">35°54.5’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE66089E9D06FF90D4BBF5C5CE69B95F" box="[235,322,1516,1540]" degrees="6" direction="west" minutes="13.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" precision="92" value="-6.221667">6°13.3’W</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="007F896A9D06FF90D51CF5C5CEEBB95F" box="[332,448,1516,1540]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="135.0">
<quantity id="4CAAC3BC9D06FF90D51CF5C5CEADB958" box="[332,390,1516,1540]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="135.0">135 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="FFEC48999D06FF90D597F5C5CD0DB95F" box="[455,550,1516,1540]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" value="1984-06-02">
<collectingDate id="EFA8B1719D06FF90D597F5C5CD0DB95F" box="[455,550,1516,1540]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" value="1984-06-02">
2.
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D586F5C5CEDAB95F" box="[470,497,1516,1540]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">VI</collectionCode>
.1984
</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<location id="8E8D38829D06FF90D67EF5C5CD78B958" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBDF4F9D07FF93D041F65BCDA6BA35:8E8D38829D06FF90D67EF5C5CD78B958" box="[558,595,1516,1539]" latitude="35.908333" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="-6.221667" name="Dre" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" stateProvince="Monaghan">Dre</location>
;
<collectionCode id="ED43F69C9D06FF90D60AF5C5CDACB95F" box="[602,647,1516,1540]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">JGH</collectionCode>
leg.;
<collectingRegion id="4996A0BB9D06FF90D6E4F5C5CC2FB958" box="[692,772,1516,1539]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">MNHN</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3483DD29D06FF90D4D4F61ACA2AB9B7" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D06FF90D4D4F61ACE3EB910" blockId="17.[130,777,1587,2028]" box="[132,277,1587,1613]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<smallCapsWord id="8D0BF8859D06FF90D4D4F61ACE3EB910" baselines="1606,1606" box="[132,277,1587,1613]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D06FF90D4D4F67BCA2AB9B7" blockId="17.[130,777,1587,2028]" lastBlockId="17.[811,1457,1331,1772]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
Colony encrusting, unilaminar, small. Autozooids moderately sized, elongated (L/W ratio = 1.46), distinctly separated by deep grooves, laid out in quincunx; frontal shield convex, smooth, slightly mamillated; marginal pores medium-sized (10-20 µm), distally arranged in a double or triple row and proximally in a single row (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D4AEF6DBCEA5B857" box="[254,398,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7A, B, D</figureCitation>
). Pore chambers large, oval, numerous, laterally distributed in a single, long area (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D6D2F73BCDD2B877" box="[642,761,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7B, D</figureCitation>
). Distal wall subvertical (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D52AF718CD22B817" box="[378,521,1841,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7A, B, D</figureCitation>
). Orifice distal; primary orifice as long as wide, or slightly longer, the internal arch wide, with step-shaped proximal ends, i.e., without prominent condyles (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D4A0F7B8CE4BB8F0" box="[240,352,1937,1964]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7C, F</figureCitation>
); a more or less prominent bulge on the inner side of the proximal edge of the orifice (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D638F798CDD1B890" box="[616,762,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7C, D, F</figureCitation>
); outer side of the secondary orifice, forming a thick, convex lip with a short umbo, often triangular or conical (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D16AF51ACA5DBA15" box="[1338,1398,1331,1358]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A-F). Oral spines eight in both ovicellate and non-ovicellate zooids, long (200-250 µm), articulated on thick, prominent bases, the proximalmost pair being clearly convergent (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D16BF5BACA57BAF5" box="[1339,1404,1427,1454]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Figs 7</figureCitation>
C-E, F; 10G-H), the distalmost resting against the ovicell. Ovicells frequent, with endooecial surface similar to that of autozooids, without proximal protuberance, not closed by the operculum, recumbent against the vertical distal wall of the maternal zooid, produced by a small, poorly visible, basal kenozooid, often placed at the colony margin, or inserted between two distal zooids (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D7D0F65BCB3EB9D7" box="[896,1045,1650,1677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 7A, D, E</figureCitation>
). Ancestrula relatively small, with oval opesia, proximal gymnocyst broad, five spines at the periphery of the cryptocyst and six spines (present material from Alboran Sea) distally bordering the opesia (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D06FF90D0CCF6FBCBD8B9B7" box="[1180,1267,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[132,143,1615,1633]" captionTargetBox="[228,1309,218,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-165@23.[132,1455,155,1818]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIG. 10. — Distal part of ovicellate and non-ovicellate zooids, and ancestrulae,all at the same scale: A-C, Hemicyclopora neatonensis n. sp.; D-F, H. hexaspinae n. sp.; G- I, Escharella similis Ramalho, Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022. Drawings from SEM pictures and examination under stereomicroscope. Origin: A-C, Sicily; D-F, Provence; G-I, Alboran Sea. Scale bar: 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056145/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Fig. 10I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3483DD29D06FF93D77DF73BCC2EBC6B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D06FF90D77DF73BCCBAB871" blockId="17.[813,1455,1810,2028]" box="[813,913,1810,1836]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D06FF90D77DF718CB3FB817" blockId="17.[813,1455,1810,2028]" box="[813,1044,1841,1868]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D77DF718CB3FB817" box="[813,1044,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Morphological features</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D06FF93D77DF778CC2EBC6B" blockId="17.[813,1455,1810,2028]" lastBlockId="18.[130,777,215,816]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">
The generic affiliation of
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D06FF90D065F778CBC8B830" authorityName="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[1077,1251,1873,1899]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D065F778CBC8B830" box="[1077,1251,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">Escharella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, recently described from the Alboran Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D06FF90D079F758CA23B8D0" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[1065,1288,1905,1931]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D0C2F75BCBECB8D0" box="[1170,1223,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
), was validated by the presence of a triangular denticle at a central place on the inner side of the orifice, below the convexity of the orifice outer edge (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D06FF90D78EF7F8CB96B8B0" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[990,1213,2001,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="388" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D06FF90D018F7FBCB56B8B0" box="[1096,1149,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="388">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 7D). Indeed, the occurrence of a lyrula in the primary orifice determines the difference between
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D05FF93D50CF0DECEEEBE4A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[348,453,247,273]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D50CF0DECEEEBE4A" box="[348,453,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">Escharella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D05FF93D5AFF0DECDB3BE4A" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1894" box="[511,664,247,273]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Hemicyclopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D5AFF0DECDB3BE4A" box="[511,664,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">Hemicyclopora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D6FAF0D1CFD2BE6A" author="NORMAN A." pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="275 - 314" refId="ref31493" refString="NORMAN A. 1909. - The Polyzoa of Madeira and neighbouring islands. Journal of the Linnean Society (zoology) London 30: 275 - 314. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 02407. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Norman 1909: 308</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D556F13ECEEABE69" author="RYLAND J. S." box="[262,449,279,306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref32989" refString="RYLAND J. S. 1963. - Systematic and biologic studies on Polyzoa (Bryozoa) from western Norway. Sarsia 14: 1 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1963.10409518" type="journal article" year="1963">Ryland 1963: 25</bibRefCitation>
, 27), and this triangular denticle has the same function as a typical anvil-shaped lyrula (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D4DFF17ECE77BE2A" author="BERNING B. &amp; TILBROOK K. J. &amp; OSTROVSKY A. N." box="[143,348,343,369]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="21 - 28" refId="ref28769" refString="BERNING B., TILBROOK K. J. &amp; OSTROVSKY A. N. 2014. - What, if anything, is a lyrula? in ROSSO A., WYSE JACKSON P. N. &amp; PORTER J. S. (eds), Bryozoan Studies 2013: 21 - 28. http: // www 2. muse. it / pubblicazioni / riviste. asp? tipo = 18" type="journal article" year="2014">
Berning
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D4BAF171CE36BE2A" box="[234,285,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="54E9D0FB9D05FF93D5F0F17ECEE5BE2A" box="[416,462,343,369]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">type</typeStatus>
of ovicell closure, cleithral vs acleithral, which also contributes to discriminating these two genera according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D50CF1BFCDABBEEA" author="HAYWARD P. J. &amp; RYLAND J. S." box="[348,640,406,433]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="1 - 416" refId="ref30466" refString="HAYWARD P. J. &amp; RYLAND J. S. 1999. - Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothoidea - Celleporoidea. Synopses of the British Fauna, n. s. 14: 1 - 416. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / bibliography / 54983" type="book chapter" year="1999">Hayward &amp; Ryland (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, is often not easy to identify. Colonies examined here, from the Alboran Sea and the near-Atlantic, show most diagnostic features of
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D05FF93D4D4F1DECFCFBD4B" authorityName="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[132,228,502,528]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D4D4F1DECFCFBD4B" box="[132,228,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">E. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(proximal edge of orifice thick, convex and with a short, pointed umbo, non-prominent condyles, eight spines in both ovicellate and non-ovicellate zooids, kenozooidal ovicells). However, the lyrula-like protuberance in the inner side of the poster is much lower (
<figureCitation id="136972DC9D05FF93D5F7F25FCD1FBDCB" box="[423,564,630,656]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[133,144,1157,1175]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-458@17.[132,1455,216,1113]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 7. — Escharella similis Ramalho,Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas,2022:A, edge of colony with five ovicellate zooids; B, non-ovicellate zooids with eight oral spines and a triangular proximal umbo; C, orifice of non-ovicellate zooid showing the lyrula-like inner bump and the proximal peristomial umbo in vertical view; D, two zooids, one with a terminal ovicell associated to a tiny basal kenozooid and orifice with a lyrula-like bump; E, distal part of an ovicellate zooid with 8 spines, a triangular peristomial umbo, and the orifice of the ovicell in an upper position; F, orifice of a non-ovicellate zooid with a low inner protuberance and step-shaped condyles. Origin: A, B, C, E, F, Alboran Sea, Balgim DW132; D, Atlantic, Gulf of Cadiz, Balgim DR42. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, D, 200 µm; C, E, F, 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8056139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8056139/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">Fig. 7C, D, F</figureCitation>
) than the triangular denticle originally described in this species. This difference likely denotes intraspecific variability, which also includes the number of ancestrular spines around the opesia, ranging from eight (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D559F2DCCEC0BC54" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[265,491,757,783]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D524F2DFCE82BC54" box="[372,425,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
) to six (present material), while there are invariably five spines around the cryptocyst.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3483DD29D05FF93D4D4F37FCE9FBB75" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D05FF93D4D4F37FCEA8BC35" blockId="18.[131,777,854,1070]" box="[132,387,854,880]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D05FF93D4D4F35CCE9FBB75" blockId="18.[131,777,854,1070]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">
The nine examined colonies of
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D05FF93D5B0F35FCD6ABCD4" authorityName="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[480,577,885,911]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D5B0F35FCD6ABCD4" box="[480,577,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">E. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected by dredging in soft bottoms within a relatively narrow depth range (
<quantity id="4CAAC3BC9D05FF93D483F39DCE7ABC94" box="[211,337,948,975]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.05" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="170.0" valueMax="205.0" valueMin="135.0">135-205 m</quantity>
) across the outer continental shelf. The substrates were empty shells and biogenic concretions. These habitat features are similar to those indicated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D6F2F3DDCE23BB75" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D4D4F43CCF93BB75" box="[132,184,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3483DD29D05FF93D4D4F47DCDA6BA35" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D05FF93D4D4F47DCEE2BB36" blockId="18.[130,777,1108,1390]" box="[132,457,1108,1134]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D0BF8859D05FF93D562F473CEE2BB36" baselines="1128" box="[306,457,1114,1133]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="distribution" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED6E599D05FF93D4D4F45DCDA6BA35" blockId="18.[130,777,1108,1390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D05FF93D4D4F45DCE07BBD5" authorityName="Ramalho, Rodriguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[132,300,1140,1166]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D4D4F45DCE07BBD5" box="[132,300,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">Escharella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from several localities of the Alboran Sea (Harmelin &amp; d’Hondt 1992, as
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D05FF93D65BF4BCCDBEBBF5" baseAuthorityName="Jullien" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[523,661,1172,1198]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Hemicyclopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="discrepans">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D65BF4BCCDBEBBF5" box="[523,661,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">H. discrepans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D6F5F4BDCE2FBB95" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; CABALLERO-HERRERA J. A. &amp; URRA J. &amp; RUEDA J. L." pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="106" refId="ref32143" refString="RAMALHO L. V., CABALLERO-HERRERA J. A., URRA J. &amp; RUEDA J. L. 2020 a. - Bryozoans from Chella Bank, (Seco de los ‰ livos) with the description of a new species and some new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biodiversity 50, 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 020 - 01119 - y" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D4D4F49CCF92BB95" box="[132,185,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">et al.</emphasis>
2020a
</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="4C5215DA9D05FF93D560F49DCE94BB95" box="[304,447,1204,1230]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D560F49DCEBCBB95" box="[304,407,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">Escharella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D59CF49DCD81BB95" author="RAMALHO L. V. &amp; RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S." box="[460,682,1204,1230]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="53 - 91" refId="ref32281" refString="RAMALHO L. V., RODRIGUEZ-APORTA R. &amp; GOFAS S. 2022. - Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 5094 (1): 53 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5094.1.2" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D666F49CCD41BB95" box="[566,618,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
; present material).Its occurrence in the Gulf of Cadiz, i.e., not far from the western entrance of the
<collectingCountry id="F3452EC99D05FF93D5E7F4DACD31BA56" box="[439,538,1267,1293]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
Strait might indicate the existence of a local population founded by the transfer of Mediterranean larvae to the Atlantic
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D646F51DCD1DBA16" box="[534,566,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">via</emphasis>
the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC313A89D05FF93D596F57ACD55BA35" author="SINGH A. D. &amp; RAI A. K. &amp; TIWARI M. &amp; NAIDU P. D. &amp; VERMA K. &amp; CHATURVEDI M. &amp; NIYOGI A. &amp; PANDEY D." box="[454,638,1363,1390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="389" pagination="125 - 140" refId="ref33109" refString="SINGH A. D., RAI A. K., TIWARI M., NAIDU P. D., VERMA K., CHATURVEDI M., NIYOGI A. &amp; PANDEY D. 2015. - Fluctuations of Mediterranean ‰ utflow Water circulation in the Gulf of Cadiz during MIS 5 to 7: Evidence from benthic foraminiferal assemblage and stable isotope records. Global and Planetary Change 133: 125 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. gloplacha. 2015.08.005" type="journal article" year="2015">
Singh
<emphasis id="B926B24B9D05FF93D65BF57DCD14BA36" box="[523,575,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="389">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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