treatments-xml/data/03/FB/D0/03FBD04AFFCF6017FF054357B63DFB18.xml

<document id="DCB2EF7B5EA0DA5DF2B3C69AADE40E1D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.280626" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bdb9a932-2643-48f1-8545-cfeb75a683cd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="280626" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460462984094" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Huang, Hao &amp; Chen, Chang-Chin" docDate="2012" docId="03FBD04AFFCF6017FF054357B63DFB18" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03255p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3255" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Prismognathus triapicalis Houlbert 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFC2A832FFC4601BFF924672B73FFFDC" masterDocTitle="A review of the genera Prismognathus Motschulsky and Cladophyllus Houlbert (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae) from China, with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698304529053" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="98F5FF4339AA09CB0E832BA4611F799F">A review of the genera Prismognathus Motschulsky and Cladophyllus Houlbert (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae) from China, with the description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="77D07FD26DEE5712B5F3DB24F415A57E">Huang, Hao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AD0906FF21DE7D4671B15F5EF1E02B77">Chen, Chang-Chin</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D0A5D630FFCF6010FF054357B59AFAE3" bold="true" box="[151,677,1317,1343]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFCF6010FF054357B59AFAE3" ID-CoL="4MHRK" authority="Houlbert, 1915" authorityName="Houlbert" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,677,1317,1343]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triapicalis">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FF054357B59AFAE3" bold="true" box="[151,677,1317,1343]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FF054357B6F1FAE3" bold="true" box="[151,462,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Prismognathus triapicalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC31CADFFCF6010FE4C4357B5A3FAE3" author="Houlbert" box="[478,668,1317,1343]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Houlbert, C. (1915) Descriptions de quelques lucanides nouveaux de la tribu des Cladognathinae. Insecta, 5, 17 - 23." type="journal article" year="1915">Houlbert, 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFCF6010FF054335B4AAFA83" blockId="11.[151,917,1317,1375]" box="[151,917,1351,1375]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
(
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FF0D4335B618FA83" box="[159,295,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 72" captionStartId="24.[151,257,1788,1809]" captionTargetBox="[176,1421,188,1746]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,179,1764]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 72. Head, pronotum and proleg of male in dorsal view. 57 – 60 — P. alessandrae; 57 — Weixi, Yunnan; 58 — Muli, Sichuan; 59 — Zhongdian, Yunnan, 60 — Pantiange, Weixi, Yunnan; 61 – 64 — P. shani; 61, 63 — paratypes, Siping, Yingjing, Sichuan; 62 — paratype, Erlangshan, Sichuan; 64 — holotype, Erlangshan; 65 — P. arcuatus, Siping, Sichuan; 66 — P. haojiani, holotype, Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 67 — P. sukkitorum, Tengchong, Yunnan; 68 — P. prossi, Siping, Sichuan; 69 — P. kanghianus kanghianus, Hekou, Yunnan; 70 – 71 — P. triapicalis ssp.; 70 — Dayaoshan, Guangxi; 71 — Fengyangshan, Zhejiang; 72 — P. prossi, Maoershan, Guangxi. Scale bar 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280630/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 70–71</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FEA04335B6A8FA83" box="[306,407,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIGURES 95 – 110" captionStartId="27.[151,257,1545,1566]" captionTargetBox="[154,1430,212,1499]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,191,1523]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 95 – 110. Head, pronotum and proleg of female in dorsal view. 95 — P. arcuatus, Siping, Sichuan; 96 — P. haojiani, paratype, Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 97 — P. sukkitorum, Tengchong, Yunnan; 98 — P. dauricus, Liaoning; 99 – 100 — P. p ro s s i; 99 — Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 100 — Maoershan, Guangxi; 101 — P. kanghianus kanghianus, Hekou, Yunnan; 102 — P. formosanus, Taiwan; 103 – 105 — P. triapicalis subspecies; 103 – 104 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 105 — Fengyangshan, Zhejiang; 106 — P. triapicalis triapicalis, Erlangshan, Sichuan; 107 — P. s i n e n s i s, holotype, Kuatun; 108 – 110 — P. davidis davidis; 108 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 109 – 110 — Siping, Sichuan. Scale bar 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280633/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">103–106</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FE304335B538FA83" box="[418,519,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIGURES 111 – 131" captionStartId="28.[151,257,1303,1324]" captionTargetBox="[219,1365,191,1298]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[219,1366,191,1307]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 111 – 131. Female canthus (not under the same scale). 111 — P. s h a n i, paratype, Labahe, Sichuan; 112 — P. nigricolor, paratype; 113 — P. arcuatus, Siping, Sichuan; 114 – 116 — P. p ro s s i; 114 — Siping, Sichuan; 115 — Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 116 — Maoershan, Guangxi; 117 – 119 — P. davidis davidis; 117 — Siping, Sichuan; 118 — Tianmushan, Zhejiang; 119 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 120 – 123 — P. triapicalis; 120 — Sichuan; 121 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 122 — Fengyangshan, Zhejiang; 123 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 124 — P. haojiani, paratype, Fanjingshan; 125 — P. dauricus, Liaoning; 126 — P. kanghianus kanghianus, Hekou, Yunnan; 127 — P. alessandrae, Zhongdian, Yunnan; 128 — P. sinen sis, holotype, Kuatun, Fujian; 129 — P. sukk ito rum, Tengchong, Yunnan; 130 — P. formosanus, Taiwan; 131 — P. siniaevi, Gongshan, Yunnan." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280634/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">120–123</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FD804335B548FA83" box="[530,631,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIGURES 150 – 167" captionStartId="30.[151,258,1606,1627]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1585]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,191,1585]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 150 – 167. Aedeagus in ventral view. 150 – 151 — Prismognathus arcuatus, Sichuan; 152 – 153 — P. haojiani; 152 — holotype, Fanjingshan; 153 — paratype, Leigongshan, Guizhou; 154 — P. kanghianus kanghianus, Hekou, Yunnan; 155 — P. sukkitorum, Tengchong, Yunnan; 156 – 157 — P. triapicalis triapicalis, Sichuan; 158 – 161 — P. triapicalis subspecies; 158 – 159 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 160 — Fengyangshan, Zhejiang; 161 — Dayaoshan, Guangxi; 162 – 163 — P. prossi; 162 — Siping, Sichuan; 163 — Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 164 – 165 — P. siniaevi; 164 — Jinping, Yunnan; 165 — Gongshan, Yunnan; 166 — Tetrarthrius sukkiti, Gongshan, Yunnan; 167 — Cyclorasis fukinukii, Motuo, Tibet. Scale bars 1 mm for all." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280636/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">156–161</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FD104335B5D9FA83" box="[642,742,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIGURES 168 – 199" captionStartId="31.[151,258,1264,1285]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1213]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,191,1213]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 168 – 199. Flagellum of the median lobe. 168 – 171 — P. davidis davidis; 168 — Qinling, Shaanxi; 169 — Erlangshan, Sichuan; 170 — Tianmushan, Zhejiang; 171 — Dabieshan, Anhui; 172 — P. davidis cheni, Taiwan; 173 — P. nigricolor, Gongshan, Yunnan, same specimen as in Fig. 226; 174 – 178 — P. klapperichi; 174 — Simianshan, Chongqing; 175 — Wuyishan, Fujian; 176 — Maoershan, Guangxi; 177 — Nanling, Guangdong; 178 — Baishanzu, Zhejiang; 179 — P. dauricus, Liaoning; 180 — P. s h a n i, paratype, Siping; 181 — P. alessandrae, Zhongdian, Yunnan; 182 – 184 — P. p ro s s i; 182 — Siping, Sichuan; 183 — Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 184 — Maoershan, Guangxi; 185 — P. siniaevi, Gongshan; 186 – 187 — P. arcuatus, Sichuan; 188 – 189 — P. haojiani; 188 — holotype, Fanjingshan; 189 — paratype, Leigongshan, Guizhou; 190 — P. kanghianus kanghianus, Hekou, Yunnan; 191 — P. sukkitorum, Tengchong, Yunnan; 192 – 194 — P. triapicalis triapicalis, Sichuan; 195 – 196 — P. triapicalis subspecies; 195 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 196 — Fengyangshan, Zhejiang; 197 — P. formosanus, Taiwan; 198 — Tetrarthrius sukkiti, Gongshan, Yunnan; 199 — Cyclorasis fukinukii, Motuo, Tibet. Figs. 168 – 198 under the same scale. Scale bars 1 mm for all." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280637/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">192–196</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FD604335B468FA83" box="[754,855,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIGURES 212 – 223" captionStartId="33.[151,258,1889,1910]" captionTargetBox="[196,1400,151,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[196,1401,151,1871]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 212 – 223. Female genitalia and the central protrusion of the 9 th tergites (at left bottom or right bottom). 212 — Prismognathus arcuatus, Sichuan; 213 — P. haojiani, paratype, Fanjingshan; 214 — P. kanghianus kanghianus, Hekou, Yunnan; 215 — P. sukkitorum, Tengchong, Yunnan; 216 – 217 — P. triapicalis triapicalis, Sichuan; 218 – 219 — P. triapicalis subspecies; 218 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 219 — Fengyangshan, Zhejiang; 220 — P. davidis davidis, Siping, Sichuan; 221 — P. siniaevi, Gongshan; 222 — P. prossi, Maoershan, Guangxi; 223 — P. formosanus, Taiwan. Scale bars 1 mm for all." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280639/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">216–219</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FCF04335B4B2FA83" box="[866,909,1351,1375]" captionStart="FIGURE 235" captionStartId="35.[151,244,2001,2022]" captionTargetBox="[264,1307,1289,1992]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[264,1323,1289,1992]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 235. Distribution of the other Chinese Prismognathus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280642/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">235</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED615CFFCF6010FF0543E3B4A2FA18" blockId="11.[151,1436,1424,1568]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFCF6010FF0543E3B560FA79" ID-CoL="3GYTL" authority="Houlbert, 1915: 19" authorityName="Houlbert" authorityPageNumber="19" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,607,1424,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Gonometopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triapicalis">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FF0543E3B6ABFA7A" box="[151,404,1424,1446]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Gonometopus triapicalis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AF3474DFFCF6010FE0E43E2B560FA79" author="Houlbert" box="[412,607,1424,1446]" page="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC31CADFFCF6010FE0E43E2B505FA7A" author="Houlbert" box="[412,570,1424,1446]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Houlbert, C. (1915) Descriptions de quelques lucanides nouveaux de la tribu des Cladognathinae. Insecta, 5, 17 - 23." type="journal article" year="1915">Houlbert, 1915</bibRefCitation>
: 19
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[
<typeStatus id="54E9DFFEFFCF6010FDFF43E3B5A4FA7A" box="[621,667,1425,1446]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
locality: Ta-tsien-Lou (Kangding, western Sichuan)], 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FB5943E2B233FA7A" box="[1227,1292,1424,1446]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 20" captionStartId="21.[151,257,1392,1413]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,191,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,191,1371]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 20. Cladophyllus, Tetrarthrius and Cyclorasis species. 1 – 4 — Cladophyllus oberthuri, male (Weixi, Yunnan); 5 – 8 — Cladophyllus bousqueti, male (Pianma, Yunnan); 9 – 12 — Cladophyllus nobuhikoi, male (Jinping, Yunnan); 13 – 14 — Cladophyllus oberthuri, female (Weixi, Yunnan); 15 – 16 — Cladophyllus bousqueti, female (Pianma, Yunnan); 17 – 18 — Tetrarthrius sukkiti, female (Motuo, Tibet); 19 – 20 — Cyclorasis nosei, female (Motuo, Tibet). 1, 5, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19 — head and pronotum in dorsal view; 2, 6, 10 — 9 th abdominal segment; 3, 7, 11 — aedeagus; 4, 8, 12 — flagellum; 14, 16, 18, 20 — female genitalia. Scale bars 5 mm for habitus, 1 mm for genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280627/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs.3</figureCitation>
, male; 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FACB43E2B2A7FA79" box="[1369,1432,1424,1446]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 20" captionStartId="21.[151,257,1392,1413]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,191,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,191,1371]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 20. Cladophyllus, Tetrarthrius and Cyclorasis species. 1 – 4 — Cladophyllus oberthuri, male (Weixi, Yunnan); 5 – 8 — Cladophyllus bousqueti, male (Pianma, Yunnan); 9 – 12 — Cladophyllus nobuhikoi, male (Jinping, Yunnan); 13 – 14 — Cladophyllus oberthuri, female (Weixi, Yunnan); 15 – 16 — Cladophyllus bousqueti, female (Pianma, Yunnan); 17 – 18 — Tetrarthrius sukkiti, female (Motuo, Tibet); 19 – 20 — Cyclorasis nosei, female (Motuo, Tibet). 1, 5, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19 — head and pronotum in dorsal view; 2, 6, 10 — 9 th abdominal segment; 3, 7, 11 — aedeagus; 4, 8, 12 — flagellum; 14, 16, 18, 20 — female genitalia. Scale bars 5 mm for habitus, 1 mm for genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280627/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
, male head; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC31CADFFCF6010FEAE43DCB577FA18" author="Mizunuma" box="[316,584,1454,1476]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Mizunuma, T. &amp; Nagai, S. (1994) The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects 1. H. Fujita, Tokyo, 338 pp." type="book" year="1994">Mizunuma &amp; Nagai, 1994</bibRefCitation>
: plate 148, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FD2F43DCB42DFA18" box="[701,786,1454,1476]" captionStart="FIGURES 95 – 110" captionStartId="27.[151,257,1545,1566]" captionTargetBox="[154,1430,212,1499]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,191,1523]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 95 – 110. Head, pronotum and proleg of female in dorsal view. 95 — P. arcuatus, Siping, Sichuan; 96 — P. haojiani, paratype, Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 97 — P. sukkitorum, Tengchong, Yunnan; 98 — P. dauricus, Liaoning; 99 – 100 — P. p ro s s i; 99 — Fanjingshan, Guizhou; 100 — Maoershan, Guangxi; 101 — P. kanghianus kanghianus, Hekou, Yunnan; 102 — P. formosanus, Taiwan; 103 – 105 — P. triapicalis subspecies; 103 – 104 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 105 — Fengyangshan, Zhejiang; 106 — P. triapicalis triapicalis, Erlangshan, Sichuan; 107 — P. s i n e n s i s, holotype, Kuatun; 108 – 110 — P. davidis davidis; 108 — Dabashan, Chongqing; 109 – 110 — Siping, Sichuan. Scale bar 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280633/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
, male “ 
<typeStatus id="54E9DFFEFFCF6010FCCD43DDB4B0FA18" box="[863,911,1455,1476]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
”.
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<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFCF6010FF0543BFB56CFA3F" ID-CoL="4MHRK" authority="Nagai 2005: 32" authorityName="Nagai" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,595,1485,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triapicalis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FF0543BFB69EFA3F" box="[151,417,1485,1507]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Prismognathus triapicalis</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AF3474DFFCF6010FE2243BFB56CFA3F" author="Nagai" box="[432,595,1485,1507]" page="32" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC31CADFFCF6010FE2243BFB514FA3F" author="Nagai" box="[432,555,1485,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Nagai, S. (2005) Notes on some SE Asian stag-beetles (Coleoptera, Lucanidae), with descriptions of several new taxa (4). Gekkan-Mushi, 414, 32 - 38." type="journal article" year="2005">Nagai 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 32
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, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2150035FFCF6010FDF243BCB42CFA3F" box="[608,787,1485,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
, first female record, 
<figureCitation id="13697DD9FFCF6010FC7C43BFB313FA3F" box="[1006,1068,1485,1507]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 20" captionStartId="21.[151,257,1392,1413]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,191,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,191,1371]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 20. Cladophyllus, Tetrarthrius and Cyclorasis species. 1 – 4 — Cladophyllus oberthuri, male (Weixi, Yunnan); 5 – 8 — Cladophyllus bousqueti, male (Pianma, Yunnan); 9 – 12 — Cladophyllus nobuhikoi, male (Jinping, Yunnan); 13 – 14 — Cladophyllus oberthuri, female (Weixi, Yunnan); 15 – 16 — Cladophyllus bousqueti, female (Pianma, Yunnan); 17 – 18 — Tetrarthrius sukkiti, female (Motuo, Tibet); 19 – 20 — Cyclorasis nosei, female (Motuo, Tibet). 1, 5, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19 — head and pronotum in dorsal view; 2, 6, 10 — 9 th abdominal segment; 3, 7, 11 — aedeagus; 4, 8, 12 — flagellum; 14, 16, 18, 20 — female genitalia. Scale bars 5 mm for habitus, 1 mm for genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280627/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
, male; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AF3474DFFCF6010FBE943BFB216FA3F" author="Fujita" box="[1147,1321,1485,1507]" page="166" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC31CADFFCF6010FBE943BFB3CBFA3F" author="Fujita" box="[1147,1268,1485,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Fujita, H. (2010) The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-Sha, Tokyo, 472 pp, 248 plates." type="book" year="2010">Fujita 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 166
</treatmentCitation>
, plate 100, Figs. 499 (1–3), males and female from Sichuan; Fig. 499-4, male from Guizhou; Fig. 499-5, male from Xizang (incorrect data).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34832D7FFCF6017FF05403FB20FFBA0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFCF6010FF05403FB2A3F82D" blockId="11.[151,1436,1613,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FF05403FB560F9BA" bold="true" box="[151,607,1613,1638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Material examined. 
<collectingCountry id="F34521CCFFCF6010FE1A403FB6D5F9BA" box="[392,490,1613,1638]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CHINA</collectingCountry>
: Sichuan:
</emphasis>
4 3, 3 ƤƤ, Ya-an, Tianquan Coutny, Erlangshan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FB33403FB22CF9B9" box="[1185,1299,1613,1637]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-08">VIII.2007</date>
, H.-C. Shan leg.; 13 3, 34 ƤƤ, Ya-an, Yingjing County, Siping, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FD744003B445F955" box="[742,890,1649,1673]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-08-11">11.VIII.2007</date>
, H.-C. Shan leg.; 5 3 (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FB1B4003B3F3F955" box="[1161,1228,1649,1673]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3v6b-6ji1" name="Institute of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IEAS</collectionCode>
), Shimian County, Liziping, Gongyihai, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FE0240E7B57EF971" box="[400,577,1685,1709]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-07-22" valueMax="2007-07-25" valueMin="2007-07-22">22-25.VII.2007</date>
, W.-X. Bi leg.; 2 3, 3 ƤƤ (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FC3040E7B4CDF971" box="[930,1010,1685,1709]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SNUC</collectionCode>
), Tianquan, Labahe Nature Reserve, 
<quantity id="4CAACCB9FFCF6010FF0540CBB7D7F90D" box="[151,232,1721,1745]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FF6040CBB664F90D" box="[242,347,1721,1745]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2006-07">VII.2006</date>
, L. Tang &amp; J.-Y. Hu leg.; 3 3, 1 Ƥ (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FD6640CBB408F90D" box="[756,823,1721,1745]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3v6b-6ji1" name="Institute of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IEAS</collectionCode>
), Tianquan, Labahe, 
<quantity id="4CAACCB9FFCF6010FBB240CBB34EF90D" box="[1056,1137,1721,1745]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2060.0">2060m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FBEE40CBB213F90D" box="[1148,1324,1721,1745]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-07-28" valueMax="2007-07-30" valueMin="2007-07-28">28-30.VII.2007</date>
, W.-X. Bi leg; 1 3, Hanyuan, Nimei, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FE5440AFB510F929" box="[454,559,1757,1781]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2005-07">VII.2005</date>
, C.-J. Dai leg.; 2 3 (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FCBA40AFB454F929" box="[808,875,1757,1781]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3v6b-6ji1" name="Institute of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IEAS</collectionCode>
), Emeishan, Jiulaodong, 
<quantity id="4CAACCB9FFCF6010FB1740AFB3EAF929" box="[1157,1237,1757,1781]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FB7340AFB257F929" box="[1249,1384,1757,1781]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-08-04">4.VIII.2007</date>
, W.- X. Bi leg.; 9 3, 5 ƤƤ (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FE3A4173B6D9F8C5" box="[424,486,1793,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CHH</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FE604173B502F8C5" box="[498,573,1793,1817]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3dng-x47a" name="Carthage College" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CCCC</collectionCode>
), Emeishan, Xixiangchi and Huayanding, 
<quantity id="4CAACCB9FFCF6010FB8F4173B390F8C5" box="[1053,1199,1793,1817]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900-2100m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FB2E4173B24EF8C5" box="[1212,1393,1793,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2011-08-17" valueMax="2011-08-21" valueMin="2011-08-17">17-21.VIII.2011</date>
, H. Huang leg. 
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FE8E4157B69FF8E2" bold="true" box="[284,416,1829,1854]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chongqing</emphasis>
: 5 3, 6 ƤƤ, Chengkou, Houping, Guangtoushan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FC794157B302F8E1" box="[1003,1085,1829,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2009-05">V.2009</date>
, X.-D. Yang leg.; 3 3, 3 ƤƤ, Chengkou, Huang-an, Dabashan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FD85413BB54AF8BD" box="[535,629,1865,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2007-03">III.2007</date>
, H.-L. Deng leg.; 1 3, Nanchuan, Jinfoshan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FB12413BB233F8BD" box="[1152,1292,1865,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2008-07-21">21.VII.2008</date>
, X.-D. Yang leg. 
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FF58411FB62CF85A" bold="true" box="[202,275,1901,1926]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hubei</emphasis>
: 1 3 (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FECD411FB69DF859" box="[351,418,1901,1925]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3v6b-6ji1" name="Institute of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IEAS</collectionCode>
), Shennongjia, Hongping, 
<quantity id="4CAACCB9FFCF6010FD47411FB41AF859" box="[725,805,1901,1925]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FCA1411FB4F7F859" box="[819,968,1901,1925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1983-08-10">10.VIII.1983</date>
, G.-T. Jin leg. 
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FBE6411FB3E4F85A" bold="true" box="[1140,1243,1901,1926]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guizhou</emphasis>
: 2 3, Tongren, Jiangkou, Fanjingshan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FE3A41E3B51AF875" box="[424,549,1937,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2008-07-03">3.VII.2008</date>
, Y. Lee leg. 
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FD5241E0B424F876" bold="true" box="[704,795,1938,1962]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Yunnan</emphasis>
: 4 3, Dongchuan, Daguan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FBE841E3B3EAF875" box="[1146,1237,1937,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2011-04">IV.2011</date>
, X.-D. Yang leg. 
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FF0541C7B7C1F812" bold="true" box="[151,254,1973,1998]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guangxi</emphasis>
: 1 3 (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFCF6010FED541C7B6B5F811" box="[327,394,1973,1997]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3v6b-6ji1" name="Institute of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IEAS</collectionCode>
), Jinxiu, Dayaoshan, Dazhang-gongshe, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FCC841C7B4E3F811" box="[858,988,1973,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1981-11-14">14.XI.1981</date>
, Jin &amp; Li leg. 
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FB1741C7B3E7F811" bold="true" box="[1157,1240,1973,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hunan</emphasis>
: 1 3, Mangshan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FF0541ABB61CF82D" box="[151,291,2009,2033]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2008-07-14">14.VII.2008</date>
, X.-Y. Zhu leg. 
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFCF6010FE6341ABB542F82E" bold="true" box="[497,637,2009,2034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guangdong</emphasis>
: 1 Ƥ, Ruyuan, Nanling Nature Reserve, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFCF6010FBE141ABB3E3F82D" box="[1139,1244,2009,2033]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2008-07">VII.2008</date>
, X.-Y. Zhu leg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFC86017FF0546E5B51AFF2B" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FF0546E5B63DFF6C" bold="true" box="[151,258,151,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Zhejiang</emphasis>
: 2 3, 1 Ƥ (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFC86017FE3846E5B6D2FF73" box="[426,493,151,175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3v6b-6ji1" name="Institute of Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">IEAS</collectionCode>
), Fengyangshan Nature Reserve, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFC86017FCE946E5B4D2FF73" box="[891,1005,151,175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2008-08">VIII.2008</date>
, W.-X. Bi leg.; 1 3, Fengyangshan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFC86017FF0546CEB61DFF08" box="[151,290,188,212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2007-07-28">28.VII.2007</date>
, X.-T. Miao leg.; 1 Ƥ (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFC86017FDA546CEB5B8FF08" box="[567,647,188,212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SNUC</collectionCode>
), Fengyangshan, 
<date id="FFEC479CFFC86017FCC046CEB485FF08" box="[850,954,188,212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2005-07">VII.2005</date>
, J.-W. Li &amp; S.-J. Shen leg.; 1 Ƥ (
<collectionCode id="ED43F999FFC86017FADE46CEB2B0FF08" box="[1356,1423,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3v6b-6ji1" name="Institute of Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">IEAS</collectionCode>
), Qingyuan, Baishanzu, G.-T. Jin leg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFC86017FF554771B32EFDCB" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FF554771B656FEC0" bold="true" box="[199,361,259,284]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Identification</emphasis>
. This species was originally described using large males possessing the following characters: mandible nearly twice as long as head, trifurcated at apex, without inner teeth; preocular margins of the head straight and nearly parallel; intermandibular projection large and oblong. There is only one species found from the areas around the 
<typeStatus id="54E9DFFEFFC86017FEC54702B6B8FE54" box="[343,391,368,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
locality in western Sichuan, which shows the above-mentioned characters. The medium and small-sized male specimens were identified by the examination of male genitalia. The female has not been described, though 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC31CADFFC86017FEE247C5B537FE13" author="Fujita" box="[368,520,439,463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Fujita, H. (2010) The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-Sha, Tokyo, 472 pp, 248 plates." type="book" year="2010">Fujita (2010)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated a female specimen for the first time. The female specimens from Sichuan examined by us were identified as belonging to this species because both sexes were collected together in some localities, and by comparing the female genitalia with the similar species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFC86017FF554456B22BFD58" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
The large males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFC86017FE394456B59FFDE0" box="[427,672,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Cyclorasis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miyashitai">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FE394456B59FFDE0" box="[427,672,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cyclorasis miyashitai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F34521CCFFC86017FD7E4456B471FDE0" box="[748,846,548,572]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F34521CCFFC86017FCCE4457B4F6FDE1" box="[860,969,549,573]" name="Myanmar" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and Yunnan (
<specimenCount id="9D54AAD5FFC86017FBFD4456B383FDE0" box="[1135,1212,548,572]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
specimen recorded from Pianma, western Yunnan) are somewhat similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFC86017FCB5443BB486FDBC" box="[807,953,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triapicalis">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FCB5443BB486FDBC" box="[807,953,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. triapicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be easily distinguished from the latter for the different genitalic characters and the different distribution. The two species are allopatric.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFC86017FF5544FDB2A3FBE8" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Specimens from Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan and Zhejiang have only slight external difference from the typical specimens from Sichuan; they show some male genitalic differences (length of median lobe and depth of the central split on the caudal plate of the basal piece of the aedeagus) from the typical specimens from Sichuan but have no male genitalic difference in the flagellum and no female genitalic difference in the spermatheca and spermathecal gland. This is similar to the case of 
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFC86017FC0D4553B331FCE4" box="[927,1038,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davidis">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FC0D4553B331FCE4" box="[927,1038,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. davidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Female specimens from Zhejiang have the hemisternites of the genitalia more elongated than in other populations, but have no other genitalic difference from those of the populations from Chongqing and Guangdong. Considering that there are no marked differences in length of the flagellum of the penis, the size of the apex of the flagellum, the spermatheca and the spermathecal gland of the female genitalia between all these populations, which have been considered as the most important specific characters in 
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFC86017FD9D45A6B586FC30" box="[527,697,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FD9D45A6B586FC30" box="[527,697,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Prismognathus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is reasonable to provisionally treat all of them as the same species. An experiment of cross-breeding between these populations is needed to clarify the species delimitation of 
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFC86017FF05426FB61AFBE8" box="[151,293,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triapicalis">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FF05426FB61AFBE8" box="[151,293,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. triapicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The unique 
<typeStatus id="54E9DFFEFFC86017FE25426EB526FBE8" box="[439,537,1052,1076]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFC86017FDAF426FB58EFBE8" box="[573,689,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FDAF426FB58EFBE8" box="[573,689,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may belong to this species and represent a population from Fujian.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFC86017FF55424DB20FFBA0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FF55424DB6A5FB84" bold="true" box="[199,410,1087,1112]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taxonomic notes.</emphasis>
This species is closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C521ADFFFC86017FCBA4233B4F5FB84" box="[808,970,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prismognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FCBA4233B4F5FB84" box="[808,970,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F34521CCFFC86017FB87424DB355FB8B" box="[1045,1130,1087,1111]" name="Taiwan" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
; they share many external characters in the small males, some male genitalic characters and most of the female genitalic characters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34832D7FFC86017FF5542F5B63DFB18" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BED615CFFC86017FF5542F5B63DFB18" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B926BD4EFFC86017FF5542F5B65FFB7C" bold="true" box="[199,352,1159,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
Western Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, northeastern Yunnan, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>