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<document id="490B5AF0FC4BBF349C481B86695742D0" ID-CLB-Dataset="2962" ID-DOI="10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2bcff06-8cc8-4b48-a493-647df31ce62f" ID-ISSN="2624-2834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5778548" ID-ZooBank="D9A82D79-D096-481D-9120-7EC174209C3B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1639469240036" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. &amp; Belokobylskij, Sergey A." docDate="2021" docId="03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF" docLanguage="en" docName="palaeoentomology.4.6.3.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeoentomology 4 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E.4:Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E" docStyleName="Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sakhalinoctonus Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij 2021, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="542" masterDocId="FFCA922A7A380A602A327A489C06FFD4" masterDocTitle="A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber" masterLastPageNumber="543" masterPageNumber="537" pageNumber="538" updateTime="1699472379666" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="31F69397617FC5F28296E6E968A5624F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="33F7DE1A10F72D1AB2EDE156FCEBDA6C">
<mods:title id="6875F13BBE9B59BC77914CC0F9150A00">A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="99BED1D185BF9408B2963E211E4D351A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0E31086EF31F0DAC938F2CADB270986B">
<mods:roleTerm id="0AFCA13B66E3AEC399F03CD38FE4D1DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D1402E91443BE47CD1082F54AB4F223F">Davidian, Elena M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AE85C048C45D27CC2CB2E9DC3043FAD1">All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (FSBSI VIZR), Podbelskogo, 3, St Petersburg - Pushkin 196608, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="71CA1816C74D0122676CE059C63D9A19">Manukyan, Andranik R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B4CAA326644A8C16AA027ABE81D7268D">Kaliningrad Amber Museum, Marshal Vasilevskiy Square, 1, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="56A34E4B025C18E4E9CB63E614191B0B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7CD8B9441602A3ADF5AA61D0DAD66863">Belokobylskij, Sergey A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="83EA21F8295B287F4885853689EFD75B">Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg 199034, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B015C6522A4116E30599728CD4BB66F0">Palaeoentomology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A1EA43A2D3445F0B8D7FE9A030CA6C84">
<mods:date id="4568665020A79D227A02E824CB449ADF">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="36E3D05806880476648127BAB2AB9F7F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="73338D1E1FDDBB2EF39AC87AA0AD77A9">2021-12-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0D404DB544505460C87900597645775F">4</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6839157CADD63EA7FE8A1D34A24CA113">6</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A185CCD75C14B3D01CAA51B5967BAB96" type="CLB-Dataset">2962</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4D200CEF5201B289C044D8FA703A2605" type="DOI">10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5780212" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191569620" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5780212" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A390A612ABA79909E8FFC27" box="[136,649,984,1011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A390A612ABA79909E8FFC27" blockId="1.[136,649,984,1011]" box="[136,649,984,1011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<heading id="D0ADEC287A390A612ABA79909E8FFC27" box="[136,649,984,1011]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A612ABA79909E8FFC27" bold="true" box="[136,649,984,1011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A390A612AE979909E12FC26" authority="Davidian" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[219,532,984,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A612AE979909D98FC27" bold="true" box="[219,414,984,1011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Sakhalinoctonus</emphasis>
Davidian
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A390A61281279919E8FFC27" box="[544,649,985,1011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A390A612ABA7E689CE4FB89" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A390A612ABA7E689CE4FB89" blockId="1.[136,778,1055,1117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A612ABA7E689D21FBED" bold="true" box="[136,295,1055,1082]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<typeStatus id="54E1E5E67A390A612ABA7E689CC5FBEE" box="[136,195,1056,1082]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A390A612B037E689F00FBEE" authority="Davidian" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[305,774,1056,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexrasnitsyni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A612B037E689E94FBEE" box="[305,658,1056,1082]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni</emphasis>
Davidian
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A612ABA7E0B9CE4FB89" bold="true" box="[136,226,1091,1117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A390A612ABA7E0B9CE4FB89" box="[136,226,1091,1117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A390A61296D7AD698F5FEF4" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A390A61296D7AD698F5FEF4" blockId="1.[810,1452,158,1115]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A61296D7AD69FE0FF6C" bold="true" box="[863,998,158,184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Etymology.</emphasis>
The new genus name is composed from
<collectingRegion id="499E95A67A390A6129587A899FC9FF0F" box="[874,975,193,219]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
, name of island where the studied amber was collected, and part of the aphidiine genus name “
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A390A6129047B4E9FC6FECB" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[822,960,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Monoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A6129047B4E9FC6FECB" box="[822,960,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Monoctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”. The gender is masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A390A61296D7B609F6FFB8F" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A390A61296D7B609F6FFB8F" blockId="1.[810,1452,158,1115]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A61296D7B609FDFFE96" bold="true" box="[863,985,296,322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Mandible bidentate; maxillary palpus 4-segmented. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612E0D7B02988EFEB1" box="[1087,1160,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,235,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[358,1230,188,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[355,1233,183,1639]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A and B, Body, in different type of accent light (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778554/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) 12-segmented, filiform, densely pubescent. Mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612EAD7B2598E3FE53" box="[1183,1253,365,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,235,2043,2067]" captionTargetBox="[347,1241,1155,2019]" captionTargetId="figure-367@1.[347,1241,1155,2019]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. Habitus (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778550/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612EC07B259907FE53" box="[1266,1281,365,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,235,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[358,1230,188,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[355,1233,183,1639]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A and B, Body, in different type of accent light (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778554/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">2</figureCitation>
) probably with complete notauli. Propodeum with large median areola delineated by prominent carinae. In forewing (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612F787BFA9F39FE3B" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,235,2006,2030]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,837,1973]" captionTargetId="figure-285@3.[151,1436,815,1983]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A, Forewing, drawing. B, Distal part forewing (camera Canon EOS 70D). C, Ovipositor and sheaths (camera Axio Imager M-1 Carl Zeiss microscope)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
), pterostigma narrowly triangular; metacarpus (1-R1) relatively hardly perceivable, not reaching wing apex. Radial (r, 3-SR, SR1), medial (1-SR+M, 2-M, 3-M) and parallel(CU1a) veins of forewing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. First and second radiomedial (submarginal) cells fused together with discoidal (discal) cell and formed united large medial cell. Second transverse anal vein (a) present, but very fine. Hind wing without closed cells. Legs (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612E6878A098A6FCD6" box="[1114,1184,744,770]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,235,2043,2067]" captionTargetBox="[347,1241,1155,2019]" captionTargetId="figure-367@1.[347,1241,1155,2019]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. Habitus (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778550/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612E9C78A098BBFCD6" box="[1198,1213,744,770]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,235,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[358,1230,188,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[355,1233,183,1639]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A and B, Body, in different type of accent light (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778554/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">2</figureCitation>
) long; hind leg about as long as body, covered by dense and semi-erect setae (as those on body). Petiole of metasoma (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612ECC79659943FC93" box="[1278,1349,813,839]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,235,2043,2067]" captionTargetBox="[347,1241,1155,2019]" captionTargetId="figure-367@1.[347,1241,1155,2019]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. Habitus (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778550/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612F6679659965FC93" box="[1364,1379,813,839]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,235,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[358,1230,188,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[355,1233,183,1639]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A and B, Body, in different type of accent light (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778554/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">2</figureCitation>
) long, slightly widened towards apex, about 4.0 times as long as its width medially. Ovipositor weakly curved down, wide basally, acuminate towards apex and with subapical dorsal notch. Ovipositor sheath (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A390A612E6379FF98AEFC05" box="[1105,1192,951,977]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,235,2006,2030]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,837,1973]" captionTargetId="figure-285@3.[151,1436,815,1983]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A, Forewing, drawing. B, Distal part forewing (camera Canon EOS 70D). C, Ovipositor and sheaths (camera Axio Imager M-1 Carl Zeiss microscope)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) relatively long, about 6.0 times longer than maximum width, gradually tapered from base towards apex and very narrowly rounded at apex, weakly curved downward, covered by mainly long setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF250BCC7A390A612ABA7DB39959F7C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5778550" box="[136,1375,2043,2067]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778550/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" startId="1.[136,235,2043,2067]" targetBox="[347,1241,1155,2019]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A390A612ABA7DB39959F7C7" blockId="1.[136,1375,2043,2067]" box="[136,1375,2043,2067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A612ABA7DB39D02F7C7" bold="true" box="[136,260,2043,2067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A390A612B387DB39E40F7C7" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[266,582,2043,2067]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexrasnitsyni" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A612B387DB39E40F7C7" box="[266,582,2043,2067]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E87567A390A61287F7DB39EECF7C7" bold="true" box="[589,746,2043,2067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A390A61287F7DB39EECF7C7" box="[589,746,2043,2067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="538" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, PIN 3387/104. Habitus (camera Canon EOS 70D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF250BCC7A3A0A622ABA7C379DC9F96F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5778554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778554/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" startId="2.[136,235,1663,1687]" targetBox="[358,1230,188,1633]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3A0A622ABA7C379DC9F96F" blockId="2.[136,1452,1663,1723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622ABA7C379D02F943" bold="true" box="[136,260,1663,1687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622B397C379E4EF943" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[267,584,1663,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexrasnitsyni" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622B397C379E4EF943" box="[267,584,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A62287D7C379EE8F943" bold="true" box="[591,750,1663,1687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A3A0A62287D7C379EE8F943" box="[591,750,1663,1687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, PIN 3387/104.
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A6229CC7C379816F943" bold="true" box="[1022,1040,1663,1687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">A</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622E717C379852F943" bold="true" box="[1091,1108,1663,1687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">B</emphasis>
, Body, in different type of accent light (camera Canon EOS 70D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A3A0A632A8F7CB59EDDFD00" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3A0A622A8F7CB59E87F7F8" blockId="2.[136,778,1788,2092]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622A8F7CB59D37F8C3" bold="true" box="[189,305,1789,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622B0D7CB49DFEF8C2" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[319,504,1788,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622B0D7CB49DFEF8C2" box="[319,504,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Sakhalinoctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A6228347CB59E73F8C3" bold="true" box="[518,629,1789,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A3A0A6228347CB59E73F8C3" box="[518,629,1789,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is the most similar to the fossil genera
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622BE27D6C9CC6F8B2" authority="Mackauer, 1961" authorityName="Mackauer" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Protacanthoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622BE27D6C9E8EF8EA" box="[464,648,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Protacanthoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB26B57A3A0A6228A67D6C9CC6F8B2" author="Mackauer, M." pageId="2" pageNumber="539" pagination="270 - 290" refId="ref4079" refString="Mackauer, M. (1961) Neue europ aische Blattlaus-schlupfwespen (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Portici, 19, 270 - 290." type="journal article" year="1961">Mackauer, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54E1E5E67A3A0A622AE17D049D03F8B2" box="[211,261,1868,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622B477D059F0CF8B2" authority="Quilis, 1940" authorityName="Quilis" authorityYear="1940" box="[373,778,1868,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Trioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuriformis">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622B477D059E69F8B2" box="[373,623,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Trioxys obscuriformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB26B57A3A0A6228497D049F0CF8B2" author="Quilis, P. M." box="[635,778,1868,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref4186" refString="Quilis, P. M. (1940) Los Aphidiidae fosiles de Wittenheim (Haut- Rhin, Francia) (Hym. Brac.). Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 14, 23 - 61." type="journal article" year="1940">Quilis, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622A917D3C9E13F85A" authority="Mackauer, 1959" authorityName="Mackauer" authorityYear="1959" box="[163,533,1907,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Trioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622A917D3C9D49F859" box="[163,335,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Trioxys fossilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB26B57A3A0A622B697D3B9E13F85A" author="Mackauer, M." box="[347,533,1907,1934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" pagination="303 - 309" refId="ref3996" refString="Mackauer, M. (1959) Trioxys similis n. sp. (Hym. Braconidae, Aphidiinae), eine neue Blattlaus-schlupfwespe aus Frankreich. Entomophaga, 4, 303 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02373366" type="journal article" year="1959">Mackauer, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A62286F7D3C9D16F861" authority="Stary, 1973" authorityName="Stary" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Promonoctonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A62286F7D3C9F0CF859" box="[605,778,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Promonoctonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB26B57A3A0A622ABA7DD39D16F861" author="Stary, P." box="[136,272,1947,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref4267" refString="Stary, P. (1973) A revision of the fossil Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Annotationes Zoologicae &amp; Botanicae, 87, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1973">Starý, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54E1E5E67A3A0A622B177DD39D51F861" box="[293,343,1947,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622BF87DD39CC7F809" authority="Quilis, 1940" authorityName="Quilis" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aphidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quievreuxi">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622BF87DD39EB7F861" box="[458,689,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Aphidius quievreuxi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB26B57A3A0A62288C7DD39CC7F809" author="Quilis, P. M." pageId="2" pageNumber="539" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref4186" refString="Quilis, P. M. (1940) Los Aphidiidae fosiles de Wittenheim (Haut- Rhin, Francia) (Hym. Brac.). Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 14, 23 - 61." type="journal article" year="1940">Quilis, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) by the small number of antennal segments, presence of the closed medial cell in the forewing, and downward curved and taped apically ovipositor sheaths.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3A0A63296D7CB49D07FD59" blockId="2.[810,1452,1788,2092]" lastBlockId="3.[136,778,158,725]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A62296D7CB49808F8C2" authorityName="Mackauer" authorityYear="1961" box="[863,1038,1788,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Protacanthoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A62296D7CB49808F8C2" box="[863,1038,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Protacanthoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622E757CB598EAF8C2" authorityName="Stary" authorityYear="1973" box="[1095,1260,1789,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Promonoctonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622E757CB598EAF8C2" box="[1095,1260,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Promonoctonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterised by a 13-segmented thick antenna, third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) of forewing rather short and not reaching distal margin of wing, second (3-SR) and third (SR1) abscissae of radial vein subequal in the length, and the ovipositor sheath curved downward. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3A0A622EA87D8B99AAF809" baseAuthorityName="Mackauer" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[1178,1452,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Protacanthoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3A0A622EA87D8B99AAF809" box="[1178,1452,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="539">Protacanthoides fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has metasomal petiole subtriangle with approximately equal its length and maximum width, which is smooth and without protruding spiracular tubercles; ovipositor sheath rather short, evenly curved downward and tapered towards its apex, acuminate apically, about 0.15 times as long as metasoma. Unfortunately, the information about the condition of notauli, propodeum and pubescence of the ovipositor sheath was not visible in this specimen. On the other hand,
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3B0A632B4F7B3F9EABFE44" baseAuthorityName="Quilis" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[381,685,375,400]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Promonoctonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quievreuxi">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632B4F7B3F9EABFE44" box="[381,685,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Promonoctonia quievreuxi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also characterised by the following additional features: notauli missing; propodeum smooth and without delineated areola; metasomal petiole very short and wide; ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow apical part, approximately 3.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.15 times as long as metasoma.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3B0A632A8F78DE9EDDFD00" blockId="3.[136,778,158,725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
The differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3B0A632BEF78DE9E90FD64" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[477,662,662,688]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632BEF78DE9E90FD64" box="[477,662,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Sakhalinoctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A6328AD78DE9F0CFD64" bold="true" box="[671,778,662,688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A3B0A6328AD78DE9F0CFD64" box="[671,778,662,688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and similar fossil genera are shown in the key below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A3B0A6329187AD79F7AFF09" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3B0A6329187AD79F7AFF09" blockId="3.[810,1452,158,221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Key to fossil aphidiine genera with curved down ovipositor sheaths</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A3B0A6429187B419F0EFE6E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" type="key">
<key id="FFCB0C757A3B0A6429187B419F0EFE6E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<keyStep id="30AE43E17A3B0A6329187B4199A2FD0E" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3B0A6329187B4199A0FE3A" blockId="3.[810,1452,265,731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3B0A6329187B4199A0FE3A" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
1. Antenna slender, 12-segmented (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A3B0A632E877B4198F7FECB" box="[1205,1265,265,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,235,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[358,1230,188,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[355,1233,183,1639]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A and B, Body, in different type of accent light (camera Canon EOS 70D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778554/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) and second abscissa of medial vein (2- M) of forewing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A3B0A6329FD7B2A9819FEAC" box="[975,1055,354,376]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,235,2006,2030]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,837,1973]" captionTargetId="figure-285@3.[151,1436,815,1983]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A, Forewing, drawing. B, Distal part forewing (camera Canon EOS 70D). C, Ovipositor and sheaths (camera Axio Imager M-1 Carl Zeiss microscope)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor sheaths (
<figureCitation id="136147C17A3B0A632EC47B2A9947FEAC" box="[1270,1345,354,376]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,235,2006,2030]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,837,1973]" captionTargetId="figure-285@3.[151,1436,815,1983]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., holotype, PIN 3387/104. A, Forewing, drawing. B, Distal part forewing (camera Canon EOS 70D). C, Ovipositor and sheaths (camera Axio Imager M-1 Carl Zeiss microscope)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) relatively long and curved downward, gradually tapered towards apex, very narrowly rounded at apex, about 6.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.4 times as long as metasoma...................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3B0A632E9A7B909941FE39" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[1192,1351,472,493]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632E9A7B909941FE39" box="[1192,1351,472,493]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Sakhalinoctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632F7E7B9199A0FE3A" bold="true" box="[1356,1446,473,494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A3B0A632F7E7B9199A0FE3A" box="[1356,1446,473,494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3B0A6329187BBE99A2FD0E" blockId="3.[810,1452,265,731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3B0A6329187BBE99A2FD0E" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">- Antenna thick, 13-segmented. Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) and second abscissa of medial vein (2-M) of forewing short and far from reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths short, claw-shaped and with long widened basal part and short narrow apical part, or evenly tapered to apex and acuminate apically, about 3.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.15–0.20 times as long as metasoma...................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<caption id="DF250BCC7A3B0A632ABA7D9E9917F7C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778556" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5778556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" startId="3.[136,235,2006,2030]" targetBox="[165,1423,837,1973]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3B0A632ABA7D9E9917F7C6" blockId="3.[136,1451,2006,2067]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632ABA7D9E9D0EF83A" bold="true" box="[136,264,2006,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3B0A632B207D9E9E54F83A" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[274,594,2006,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexrasnitsyni" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632B207D9E9E54F83A" box="[274,594,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A63286E7D9E9F03F83A" bold="true" box="[604,773,2006,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A3B0A63286E7D9E9F03F83A" box="[604,773,2006,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, PIN 3387/104.
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632E117D9E9833F83A" bold="true" box="[1059,1077,2006,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">A</emphasis>
, Forewing, drawing.
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A632F2E7D9E992BF83A" bold="true" box="[1308,1325,2006,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">B</emphasis>
, Distal part forewing (camera Canon EOS 70D).
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3B0A6328337DB29E15F7C6" bold="true" box="[513,531,2042,2066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="540">C</emphasis>
, Ovipositor and sheaths (camera Axio Imager M-1 Carl Zeiss microscope).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<keyStep id="30AE43E17A3C0A642ABA7AD79F0EFE6E" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3C0A642ABA7AD79F05FEFD" blockId="4.[136,779,159,442]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3C0A642ABA7AD79F05FEFD" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
2. Ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow its apical part, perhaps narrowly rounded apically. [Mesoscutum without notauli. Propodeum without delineated areola. Petiole of metasoma very short and wide] .........................
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3C0A6428047B5C9F05FEFD" ID-CoL="6WS2" authority="Stary" authorityName="Stary" authorityYear="1973" box="[566,771,275,297]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Promonoctonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3C0A6428047B5C9ECCFEFD" box="[566,714,276,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Promonoctonia</emphasis>
Starý
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3C0A642ABA7B799F0EFE6E" blockId="4.[136,779,159,442]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3C0A642ABA7B799F0EFE6E" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
- Ovipositor sheaths weakly curved downward, gradually tapered from base to apex and acuminate apically. [Petiole of metasoma subtriangular, smooth, without projecting spiracular tubercles, about as long as its maximum width].. ...................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3C0A6428377BEC9F0EFE6E" ID-CoL="6XBT" authority="Mackauer" authorityName="Mackauer" authorityYear="1961" box="[517,776,420,442]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Protacanthoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3C0A6428377BEC9EA5FE6D" box="[517,675,420,441]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Protacanthoides</emphasis>
Mackauer
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A3D0A652ABA7FE69D83FA38" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A652ABA7FE69D83FA38" blockId="5.[136,778,1454,1516]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<heading id="D0ADEC287A3D0A652ABA7FE69D83FA38" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A652ABA7FE69D83FA38" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
Key to fossil
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3D0A652B1B7FE69DEAFA1D" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[297,492,1454,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A652B1B7FE69DEAFA1D" bold="true" box="[297,492,1454,1481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">Sakhalinoctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A3D0A652BC77FE69E67FA1C" box="[501,609,1454,1480]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and the most similar extant genera
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34008CF7A3D0A652ABA7C5F99A2FBBF" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" type="key">
<keyStep id="30AE43E17A3D0A652ABA7C5F9F05F968" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A652ABA7C5F9F04F9B2" blockId="5.[136,779,1559,2070]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A652ABA7C5F9F04F9B2" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">1. Ovipositor sheaths curved down, gradually tapered towards apex and acuminate apically. Antenna 11–14- segmented..........................................................................2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A652ABA7C259F05F968" blockId="5.[136,779,1559,2070]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A652ABA7C259F05F968" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">- Ovipositor sheaths straight and strongly acuminate apically or weakly upcurved, weakly tapered and obtuse apically. Antenna 14–17-segmented ............................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30AE43E17A3D0A652ABA7C8C99A2FF3A" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A652ABA7C8C9F04F877" blockId="5.[136,779,1559,2070]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A652ABA7C8C9F04F877" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
2. Ovipositor sheaths approximately 3.0 times longer than its maximum width, entirely uniformly covered by long and sparse setae. Antenna 12–14-segmented. [Propodeum with medial areola. Petiole of metasoma parallel-sided, sculptured, with medial longitudinal carina, 3.0 times longer than width at level of spiracles. Long setae of ovipositor sheaths arranged mainly along its dorsal margin]............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3D0A6528147DC59F04F877" ID-CoL="62J6T" authority="Mackauer" authorityName="Mackauer" authorityYear="1961" box="[550,770,1933,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Calaphidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A6528147DC59E9DF876" box="[550,667,1933,1954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">Calaphidius</emphasis>
Mackauer
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A652ABA7DE299A2FF3A" blockId="5.[136,779,1559,2070]" lastBlockId="5.[810,1453,159,1131]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A652ABA7DE299A2FF3A" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">- Ovipositor sheaths 6.0–7.5 times longer than its maximum width, uniformly covered by numerous long setae longest on its ventral margin or covered by short and numerous setae on dorsal margin of sheaths and sparse and long setae on their ventral margin.Antenna 11–12-segmented. [Petiole of metasoma weakly widened toward apex or almost parallelsided, with weakly protruding spiracular tubercles]......... 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30AE43E17A3D0A6529187ABE99A3FCC6" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A6529187ABE99A2FE25" blockId="5.[810,1453,159,1131]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A6529187ABE99A2FE25" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
3. Antenna 12-segmented. Forewing with closed medial cell. Third abscissa of radial (SR1) and second abscissa of medial (2-M) veins long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths covered almost uniformly with long setae, longest on ventral margin; sheaths 6.0 times longer than its maximum width. Propodeum with central area delineated by high carinae. Petiole of metasoma weakly widened toward apex, 4.0 times longer than its maximum width .........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3D0A652E947B949943FE25" authority="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij, 2021" authorityName="Davidian &amp; Manukyan &amp; Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2021" box="[1190,1349,476,497]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sakhalinoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A652E947B949943FE25" box="[1190,1349,476,497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">Sakhalinoctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A652F787B9499A2FE25" bold="true" box="[1354,1444,476,497]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D3A2D7A3D0A652F787B9499A2FE25" box="[1354,1444,476,497]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A6529187BB199A3FCC6" blockId="5.[810,1453,159,1131]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A6529187BB199A3FCC6" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
- Antenna 11-segmented. Forewing with open medial cell. Third abscissa of radial (SR1) and second abscissa of medial (2-M) veins short and far not reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths covered by short and dense setae on their dorsal margin and long and sparse setae on their ventral margin; sheaths approximately 7.5 times longer than its maximum width. Propodeum basally only with two short and divergent posteriorly carinae, without delineated central area. Petiole of metasoma almost parallel-sided, 2.0 times longer than its medial width..........
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3D0A652ECB78B499A3FCC6" ID-CoL="546J" authority="Stary" authorityName="Stary" authorityYear="1979" box="[1273,1445,764,786]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Indaphidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A652ECB78B4996AFCC5" box="[1273,1388,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">Indaphidius</emphasis>
Starý
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30AE43E17A3D0A652918795199A2FBBF" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A652918795199A3FC75" blockId="5.[810,1453,159,1131]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A652918795199A3FC75" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
4. Ovipositor sheaths straight,distinctly acuminate apically,3.0 times longer than its maximum width. Antenna moniliform, 14–15-segmented. Propodeum without carinae. Petiole of metasoma short and wide, about as long as its width at level of spiracular tubercles................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3D0A652F3F79C499A3FC75" ID-CoL="N29" authority="Foerster" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1862" box="[1293,1445,908,929]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aclitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A652F3F79C49956FC75" box="[1293,1360,908,929]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">Aclitus</emphasis>
Foerster
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE55B447A3D0A65291879E199A2FBBF" blockId="5.[810,1453,159,1131]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
<keyLead id="30ABF8717A3D0A65291879E199A2FBBF" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
- Ovipositor sheaths weakly upcurved, weakly tapered towards apex and obtuse apically, 2.0 times longer than its maximum width. Antenna filiform, 17-segmented. Propodeum basally with two divergent posteriorly carinae. Petiole of metasoma long and rather narrow, 3.5 times longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles.......... ..........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5A20C77A3D0A652E457E1D992CFBBF" ID-CoL="ZYR" authority="Stary" authorityName="Stary" box="[1143,1322,1109,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Archaphidus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E87567A3D0A652E457E1D98F7FBBE" box="[1143,1265,1109,1130]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">Archaphidus</emphasis>
Starý
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Sсhlinger
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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