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<document id="C27803DD3B52C8A281D47ACB198D7AE5" ID-CLB-Dataset="22516" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4685.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="77e441b5-2bdc-4c26-b6fc-b007d8d9ca25" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3772829" ID-ZooBank="5A946337-6921-45CB-B6F8-F64BC48F2D5A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588058821214" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene &amp; Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2019" docId="03E287CBB217FFA7F3D086ACFC3AF963" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4685.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4685 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Ceroptres quercuspisum Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar 2019, incertae sedis" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FFDBFFB3B22BFF9BF347856CFF91FFDD" masterDocTitle="Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1698837771968" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="49686E4DCE1AF29DD70B177611FC5F67">Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E287CBB217FFA7F3D086ACFC3AF963" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3797535" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163830196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3797535" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287CBB217FFA7F3D086ACFC3AF963" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287CBB217FFA7F3D086ACFC3AF963" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="C3516556B217FFA7F3D086ACFC83FC07" box="[151,786,960,986]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB217FFA7F3D086ACFC83FC07" blockId="60.[151,786,960,986]" box="[151,786,960,986]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="D0BC81B1B217FFA7F3D086ACFC83FC07" bold="true" box="[151,786,960,986]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3D086ACFC83FC07" bold="true" box="[151,786,960,986]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F3D086ACFDF2FC07" authority="(Fitch, 1859)" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Fitch" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[151,611,960,986]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercuspisum" status="incertae sedis">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3D086ACFE2FFC07" bold="true" box="[151,446,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres quercuspisum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F28A86ACFDCBFC07" author="Fitch, A. M. D." box="[461,602,960,986]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="781 - 829" refId="ref55876" refString="Fitch, A. M. D. (1859) Fifth report on the noxious and other insects of the state of New York. Insects infesting deciduous forest trees. Annual Reports of the New York State Agricultural Society, 18, 781 - 829." type="journal article" year="1859">Fitch, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57B4B217FFA7F12D86ACFC83FC07" box="[618,786,960,986]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">incertae sedis</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B217FFA7F3D08169FBA5FB87" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB217FFA7F3D08169FBE1FBC0" blockId="60.[151,1136,1028,1114]" box="[151,1136,1028,1053]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3D08169FF66FBC1" box="[151,247,1029,1052]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F3D08169FF4CFBC1" ID-CoL="3YK3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,221,1029,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cynips</taxonomicName>
q.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F3BA8169FE26FBC0" authority="Fitch, 1859" authorityName="Fitch" authorityYear="1859" box="[253,439,1028,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3BA8169FEABFBC1" box="[253,314,1029,1052]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">pisum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F2078168FE26FBC0" author="Fitch, A. M. D." box="[320,439,1028,1053]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="781 - 829" refId="ref55876" refString="Fitch, A. M. D. (1859) Fifth report on the noxious and other insects of the state of New York. Insects infesting deciduous forest trees. Annual Reports of the New York State Agricultural Society, 18, 781 - 829." type="journal article" year="1859">Fitch, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F2878169FD40FBC1" box="[448,721,1029,1052]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Trans. N. Y. State Agr. Soc.</emphasis>
18: 818.
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB217FFA7F0688169FCF0FBC0" box="[815,865,1029,1053]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Type</typeStatus>
material: presumably lost.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB217FFA7F3D0814FFC4FFBE6" blockId="60.[151,1136,1028,1114]" box="[151,990,1058,1083]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F3D0814FFDCFFBE6" authority="(Fitch) Weld, 1951" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1951" baseAuthorityName="Fitch" box="[151,606,1058,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus-pisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3D0814FFE04FBE6" box="[151,405,1059,1083]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres quercus-pisum</emphasis>
(Fitch)
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F2A1814EFDCFFBE6" author="Weld, L. H." box="[486,606,1058,1083]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="594 - 654" refId="ref59040" refString="Weld, L. H. (1951) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. &amp; Townes, H. K. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Agricultural Monograph 2. United States Government Printing Office, Washington D. C., pp. 594 - 654." type="book chapter" year="1951">Weld, 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F1208148FC03FBE6" box="[615,914,1059,1083]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="F35C764DB217FFA7F1208148FD0BFBE7" box="[615,666,1059,1083]" name="United States of America" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">U. S.</collectingCountry>
Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog.
</emphasis>
2: 614.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB217FFA7F3D0812EFBA5FB87" blockId="60.[151,1136,1028,1114]" box="[151,1076,1089,1114]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F3D0812EFC86FB87" authority="(Fitch) Burks in Krombein et al. 1979" authorityName="Burks in Krombein" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Fitch" box="[151,791,1089,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercuspisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3D0812EFE1CFB84" box="[151,397,1090,1113]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres quercuspisum</emphasis>
(Fitch) Burks in Krombein
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F1EF812EFD4DFB87" box="[680,732,1090,1114]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
1979
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F066812EFC7CFB84" box="[801,1005,1090,1114]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Smithson. Ins. Press</emphasis>
: 1065.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B217FFA7F3D081EBFC2EFB7F" box="[151,959,1159,1187]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB217FFA7F3D081EBFC2EFB7F" blockId="60.[151,1437,1159,1727]" box="[151,959,1159,1187]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3D081EBFEA0FB7F" bold="true" box="[151,305,1159,1186]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35C764DB217FFA7F27081E4FEE2FB7F" box="[311,371,1160,1186]" name="United States of America" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">USA</collectingCountry>
. State of
<collectingRegion id="498FF83FB217FFA7F29C81E5FDDCFB7F" box="[475,589,1160,1187]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">New York</collectingRegion>
(according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F05D81E4FC2AFB7F" author="Burks, B. D." box="[794,955,1160,1186]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1045 - 1107" refId="ref55625" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. &amp; Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book chapter" year="1979">Burks (1979))</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B217FFA7F38081C7FC16FB37" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB217FFA7F38081C7FC16FB37" blockId="60.[151,1437,1159,1727]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F38081C7FEB6FB1B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1195,1222]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Biology.</emphasis>
Reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F15381C0FB8FFB1A" authority="(Osten-Sacken, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Osten-Sacken" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[532,1054,1196,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Acraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pezomachoides">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F15381C0FCB7FB1B" box="[532,806,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Acraspis pezomachoides</emphasis>
(Osten-Sacken, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F7F581C0FF5AFB36" author="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref57049" refString="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von. (1865) Contributions to the natural history of the Cynipidae of the United States and of their galls. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 4 (3), 331 - 380." type="journal article" year="1865">Osten-Sacken (1865: 369)</bibRefCitation>
on oaks of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F20A81BDFD95FB37" box="[333,516,1232,1259]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="60" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="section">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F20A81BDFE3AFB36" box="[333,427,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Quercus</emphasis>
section
</taxonomicName>
, according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F1E681BCFC12FB37" author="Penzes, Z. &amp; Tang, C. T. &amp; Bihari, P. &amp; Bozso, M. &amp; Schweger, S. &amp; Melika, G." box="[673,899,1232,1258]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref57215" refString="Penzes, Z., Tang, C. T., Bihari, P., Bozso, M., Schweger, S. &amp; Melika, G. (2012) Oak associated inquilines (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Synergini). TISCIA Monograph Series, 11, 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="2012">
Pénzes
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F1B181BDFCBEFB37" box="[758,815,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B217FFA7F3808198FC3AF963" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB217FFA7F3808198FC3AF963" blockId="60.[151,1437,1159,1727]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3808198FEAAFAD3" bold="true" box="[199,315,1268,1294]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F2058198FD85FAD3" author="Walsh, B. D." box="[322,532,1268,1294]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="443 - 500" refId="ref58812" refString="Walsh, B. D. (1864) On dimorphism in the hymenopterous genus Cynips; with an appendix, containing hints for a new classification of Cynipidae and a list of Cynipidae, including descriptions of several new species, inhabiting the oak-galls of Illinois. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 2, 443 - 500." type="journal article" year="1864">Walsh (1864: 494)</bibRefCitation>
mentions that
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F1FC8199FCE6FAD3" box="[699,887,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercuspisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F1FC8199FCE6FAD3" box="[699,887,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. quercuspisum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a possible synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F7EC8198FAB0FAD3" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" box="[1195,1313,1268,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synophrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F7EC8198FAB0FAD3" box="[1195,1313,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Synophrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F6718198FF2DFAEF" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">laeviventris</emphasis>
and so of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F27F8075FE76FAEF" box="[312,487,1304,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusficus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F27F8075FE76FAEF" box="[312,487,1304,1331]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. quercusficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As we stated in the remarks section of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F0F38075FA0DFAEF" authority=", Osten-Sacken (1865: 375)" authorityName=", Osten-Sacken" authorityPageNumber="375" authorityYear="1865" box="[948,1436,1303,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusficus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F0F38075FBF5FAEF" box="[948,1124,1304,1331]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. quercusficus</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F7348074FA0DFAEF" author="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von" box="[1139,1436,1303,1330]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref57049" refString="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von. (1865) Contributions to the natural history of the Cynipidae of the United States and of their galls. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 4 (3), 331 - 380." type="journal article" year="1865">Osten-Sacken (1865: 375)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
transferred
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F25C8050FE00FA8B" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" box="[283,401,1340,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synophrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F25C8050FE00FA8B" box="[283,401,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Synophrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F2EF8050FDBAFA8B" box="[424,555,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">laeviventris</emphasis>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F1128050FD2AFA8B" box="[597,699,1340,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F1128050FD2AFA8B" box="[597,699,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Synergus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which clearly differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F7418051FB27FA8B" authorityName=", Osten-Sacken" authorityYear="1865" box="[1030,1206,1340,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusficus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F7418051FB27FA8B" box="[1030,1206,1340,1367]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. quercusficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB217FFA7F62B8051FA0DFA8A" box="[1388,1436,1341,1367]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F25F800DFE42FAA7" box="[280,467,1377,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercuspisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F25F800DFE42FAA7" box="[280,467,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. quercuspisum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is presumably lost, being neither deposited in ANSP (online database consulted), CAS (R. Zuparko pers. comm.), MCZ (Charles W. Farnum pers. comm.) nor USNM (collection examined), and Fitchs original description (1859: 818) for
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F17380C5FD7DFA1F" box="[564,748,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F17380C5FD13FA1E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[564,642,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cynips</taxonomicName>
q.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F1EE80C5FD7DFA1F" authorityName="Fitch" authorityYear="1859" box="[681,748,1449,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisum">pisum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is very poor and thus insufficient to distinguish this species from the rest of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F21680A1FE2EFA3A" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[337,447,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F21680A1FE2EFA3A" box="[337,447,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; therefore, we cannot confirm the synonymy proposed by Walsh.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F7E880A0FF5AF9D6" author="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref57049" refString="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von. (1865) Contributions to the natural history of the Cynipidae of the United States and of their galls. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 4 (3), 331 - 380." type="journal article" year="1865">Osten-Sacken (1865: 369)</bibRefCitation>
says that
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F20F809DFE25F9D7" box="[328,436,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F20F809DFE07F9D6" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[328,406,1521,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cynips</taxonomicName>
q.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F2FA809DFDD3F9D7" authority="Fitch" authorityName="Fitch" authorityYear="1859" box="[445,578,1520,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F2FA809DFD91F9D7" box="[445,512,1521,1546]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">pisum</emphasis>
Fitch
</taxonomicName>
is not the gall-fly of the gall described by Dr. Fitch, but a guest-fly, seems certain, since the discovery of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F2B58379FD2FF9F3" baseAuthorityName="Osten-Sacken" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[498,702,1556,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Acraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pezomachoides">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F2B58379FD2FF9F3" box="[498,702,1556,1583]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. pezomachoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
O.S., and later adds but whether this guest-fly is identical with
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F3D08355FEDEF98F" authorityName="Fitch" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,335,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F3D08355FEDEF98F" box="[151,335,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres pisum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
O.S. is rather doubtful, without giving significant clues to neither characterize and distinguish
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F6C48355FEA3F9AB" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercuspisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F6C48355FEA3F9AB" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. quercuspisum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from this or any other
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F1698331FD0DF9AA" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[558,668,1629,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F1698331FD0DF9AA" box="[558,668,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, to consider Osten-Sackens and Fitchs species as synonyms nor even to know if it really corresponds to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F1C483EDFD60F946" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[643,753,1665,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F1C483EDFD60F946" box="[643,753,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Hence, we propose to place
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB217FFA7F77B83EDFF48F963" authority="(Fitch, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Fitch" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercuspisum">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB217FFA7F77B83EDFADDF947" box="[1084,1356,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroptres quercuspisum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB217FFA7F61D83ECFF41F963" author="Fitch, A. M. D." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="781 - 829" refId="ref55876" refString="Fitch, A. M. D. (1859) Fifth report on the noxious and other insects of the state of New York. Insects infesting deciduous forest trees. Annual Reports of the New York State Agricultural Society, 18, 781 - 829." type="journal article" year="1859">Fitch, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
as incertae sedis until the original material is found and studied.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>