180 lines
19 KiB
XML
180 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="2EB0CC50943F22D81B79DD3A154D8C3F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274910" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f562e63b-ee62-40c4-a18e-77eb59288883" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274910" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461083922112" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Salle, John La, Arakelian, Gevork, Garrison, Rosser W. & Gates, Michael W." docDate="2009" docId="03A078748057FF9E76A7FEC6FDA28BAE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02121p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2121" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Selitrichodes Girault" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="FF99000C8053FF9A7630FFEEFFAB8E4A" masterDocTitle="A new species of invasive gall wasp (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) on blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) in California" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698587691609" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6B1BF6D4A083D3BA0438A04F2C96E5F1">A new species of invasive gall wasp (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) on blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) in California</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="81C847BBAF3D6BF547A986E2FB28C916" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2E58E6F830B20D9A9E0102DDE541D9EE">Salle, John La</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A6AC928B1CCDA05F69D6BB3DBEDE0D6">Arakelian, Gevork</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CC8DD22E0CC92EB958CB9F756B92A66F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B558AFB9823F4059F796E223FBF9827C">Garrison, Rosser W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0F0078F743EEA551C80B58728425AA8D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="39C93E2B6A50CC66BD3AD6B090E90555">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="354F498299BCEA4C8D8F00C4F9EFDEDA">Gates, Michael W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2EF4461A66341AAE5E6ECC2698179A8C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6C07D9F7BBB23DE120510DB3F3A33526">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="274D139D544D1FBBA57B7314FB2D6E3B">
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<mods:date id="C4EF61A73EF1197AD5107879EAD2975C">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D07E8B4DFDE4F7B52E9F97CD0707C190" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EF2EEA506EC95857D7D05BD925475BE4">2121</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F0C042EA07293A850659F6C87404AC13" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274910</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="83E6218E72ADC4CAD1C1112C994CF902" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A2D0422CA2E9F3C14F038DD78AAED0B3" type="Zenodo-Dep">274910</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A078748057FF9E76A7FEC6FDA28BAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6222471" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119618560" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6222471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A078748057FF9E76A7FEC6FDA28BAE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A078748057FF9E76A7FEC6FDA28BAE" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection id="C3139AE98057FF9E76A7FEC6FDE28C95" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB6C9628057FF9E76A7FEC6FE458F08" blockId="4.[151,494,296,323]" box="[151,494,296,323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="D0FE7E0E8057FF9E76A7FEC6FE458F08" bold="true" box="[151,494,296,323]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76A7FEC6FE458F08" bold="true" box="[151,494,296,323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E76DEFEC7FE458F08" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" box="[238,494,296,323]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76DEFEC7FE218F09" bold="true" box="[238,394,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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Girault
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB6C9628057FF9E76A7FE87FDE28C95" blockId="4.[151,1438,361,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E76A7FE87FE9B8FC8" box="[151,304,361,386]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76A7FE87FE9B8FC8" box="[151,304,361,386]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was treated by Kim et al. (2008), who removed it from synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E724BFE87FA388FC9" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" box="[1147,1427,361,387]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E724BFE87FAB88FC8" box="[1147,1299,361,386]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Aprostocetus</emphasis>
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Westwood
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</taxonomicName>
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, provided a generic diagnosis, recognized 12 valid species, and pointed out that this genus would probably contain many more species. Although exact biology and host plants are unknown for most species, most of them appear to be associated with galls in some manner. Detailed biology is known only for
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E72E5FE33FAED8FBC" box="[1237,1350,477,502]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kryceri">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E72E5FE33FAED8FBC" box="[1237,1350,477,502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">S. kryceri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which was recently described as a parasitoid of the gall inducing
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E7541FDEAFA878C54" authority="Kim et al. 2008" authorityName="Kim et al." authorityYear="2008" box="[881,1324,516,542]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Leptocybe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="invasa">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7541FDEAFBE38C57" box="[881,1096,516,541]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Leptocybe invasa</emphasis>
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(Kim et al. 2008)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Another species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E7724FDC4FE068C09" box="[276,429,554,579]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7724FDC4FE068C09" box="[276,429,554,579]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has recently been found in Florida, where it is a parasitoid of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E72A1FDC4FAF58C09" box="[1169,1374,554,579]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Leptocybe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="invasa">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E72A1FDC4FAF58C09" box="[1169,1374,554,579]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Leptocybe invasa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It is not clear how it arrived in Florida. It is interesting that this group now contains species that are both gall inducers and parasitoids of gall inducers. La Salle (2005) pointed out that, at least within the Chalcidoidea, several groups that display a general relationship with galls can contain species that are parasitoids of gall inducers, inquilines, or gall inducers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3139AE98057FF9E76F6FD05FB028A28" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB6C9628057FF9E76F6FD05FD328D30" blockId="4.[151,1438,361,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76F6FD05FEED8D4F" bold="true" box="[198,326,747,773]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A key to North American
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E74B3FD02FC8C8D4C" box="[643,807,748,774]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tetrastichinae">Tetrastichinae</taxonomicName>
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genera was provided by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF98B4938057FF9E727FFD02FAA28D4C" box="[1103,1289,748,774]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="La Salle, J. (1994) North American genera of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of Natural History 28, 109 - 236." type="journal article">La Salle (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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, and keys to all North American
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E77BBFCFCFDBF8D66" box="[395,532,786,812]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
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genera were supplied by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF98B4938057FF9E757CFCFCFBE08D66" box="[844,1099,786,812]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Schauff, M. E., La Salle, J. & Coote, L. D. (1997) Eulophidae, pp 327 - 429. In: Gibson, G. A. P., Huber, J. T. & Woolley, J. B. (Eds), Annotated Keys to the Genera of Nearctic Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). National Research Council Research Press. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 794 pp." type="book chapter">
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Schauff
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7581FCFCFC4C8D61" box="[945,999,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
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. (1997)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. In these keys
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E72CFFCFCFA368D61" box="[1279,1437,786,811]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E72CFFCFCFA368D61" box="[1279,1437,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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would key to
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E7708FCD7FE6A8D18" box="[312,449,825,850]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Baryscapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7708FCD7FE6A8D18" box="[312,449,825,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Baryscapus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E77D8FCD7FD2B8D18" box="[488,640,825,850]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E77D8FCD7FD2B8D18" box="[488,640,825,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Aprostocetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but can be distinguished by the diagnostic characters given in Kim
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76A7FC8EFF7A8D33" box="[151,209,864,889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
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(2008), and which are repeated below.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB6C9628057FF9E76F5FC68FB028A28" blockId="4.[151,1438,361,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">SMV usually with 2 or 1 dorsal setae. PMV distinct, usually about 0.4–0.5 the length of STV. Propodeum without a raised lobe of callus which partially overhangs outer rim of spiracle. Cercal setae short and subequal in length. Mesosternum anterior to trochantinal lobe convex and without a precoxal suture. Malar sulcus generally curved, and gena may be somewhat swollen. All funicular segments subquadrate or slightly transverse. Postmarginal vein distinctly developed, although shorter than stigmal vein. Non-metallic (mainly yellow with black markings). Males (of at least some species) with 3 funicular segments.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3139AE98057FF9E76F5FB81FDA28BAE" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB6C9628057FF9E76F5FB81FDAB8B69" blockId="4.[151,1438,361,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E76F5FB81FEDA8AC2" box="[197,369,1135,1160]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76F5FB81FEDA8AC2" box="[197,369,1135,1160]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E7572FB81FC728AC2" box="[834,985,1135,1160]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Baryscapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7572FB81FC728AC2" box="[834,985,1135,1160]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Baryscapus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in that
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E7271FB81FB728AC2" box="[1089,1241,1135,1160]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Baryscapus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7271FB81FB728AC2" box="[1089,1241,1135,1160]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Baryscapus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species are all predominantly metallic in coloration, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E749DFB7BFCF98AE4" box="[685,850,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E749DFB7BFCF98AE4" box="[685,850,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species are non-metallic.
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E72ADFB7BFAE98AE4" box="[1181,1346,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E72ADFB7BFAE98AE4" box="[1181,1346,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be separated from
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E7768FB52FE5C8A9F" box="[344,503,1212,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7768FB52FE5C8A9F" box="[344,503,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Aprostocetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in that
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E7467FB52FD538A9F" box="[599,760,1212,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E7467FB52FD538A9F" box="[599,760,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species have 1 or 2 setae on the SMV, and the bulk of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E76A7FB0DFE848AB6" box="[151,303,1251,1276]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76A7FB0DFE848AB6" box="[151,303,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Aprostocetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species have 3 or more setae on the SMV; the few
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<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E75B8FB0DFB8B8AB6" box="[904,1056,1251,1276]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E75B8FB0DFB8B8AB6" box="[904,1056,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Aprostocetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with only 2 setae on the SMV have metallic coloration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB6C9628057FF9E76F5FADEFDA28BAE" blockId="4.[151,1438,361,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
The following characters in combination serve to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E75ACFADEFB8B8B03" box="[924,1056,1328,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E75ACFADEFB8B8B03" box="[924,1056,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">S. globulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09B2E18057FF9E76A7FAB9FE298B3A" authority="Color" authorityName="Color" box="[151,386,1366,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Selitrichodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97D15708057FF9E76A7FAB9FE9B8B3A" box="[151,304,1367,1392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Selitrichodes</emphasis>
|
||
: Color
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
uniformly dark brown, without extensive areas of yellow markings; POL about 3 times as long as OOL; speculum small and open posteriorly; cubital setal line approaching but not reaching basal line; speculum may have a few small setae on underside of wing; antenna with F1 longer than wide; F3 subquadrate to wider than long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |