218 lines
20 KiB
XML
218 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4657254" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96fd1ba3-d7b3-402d-a5a4-7e4df747ed2e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180784081" ID-ISSN="0067-1975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4657254" checkinTime="1617214787661" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wilson, G. G." docDate="1998" docId="038987DAFF9E834886C0FE7CFD776914" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.50.1.55-83.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum 50 (1)" docSource="https://journals.australian.museum/wilson-1998-rec-aust-mus-501-5583/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:CF64E561BE6B94FA5F31B9132C6D4316.1:RecAustMus.1998.journal_article" docStyleId="CF64E561BE6B94FA5F31B9132C6D4316" docStyleName="RecAustMus.1998.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Lethrinus erythracanthus Valenciennes" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="FFB0FFA2FF928346835CFFCBFFCF6F76" masterDocTitle="A description of the early juvenile colour patterns of eleven Lethrinus species (Pisces: Lethrinidae) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="55" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1632023523603" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A description of the early juvenile colour patterns of eleven Lethrinus species (Pisces: Lethrinidae) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, G. G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>1998</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>1998-05-13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>50</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>55</mods:start>
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<mods:end>83</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>https://journals.australian.museum/wilson-1998-rec-aust-mus-501-5583/</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3853/j.0067-1975.50.1998.1274</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">96fd1ba3-d7b3-402d-a5a4-7e4df747ed2e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0067-1975</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4652850</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4657254" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180784081" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4657254" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF9E834886C0FE7CFD776914" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987DAFF9E834886C0FE7CFD776914" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1436,2152,439,478]" box="[1436,2152,439,478]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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<heading box="[1436,2152,439,478]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Valenciennes" box="[1436,2152,439,478]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythracanthus">
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<emphasis box="[1436,1904,439,478]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Lethrinus erythracanthus</emphasis>
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Valenciennes
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1740,1851,522,560]" box="[1740,1851,522,560]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">PI. ID</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1320,2272,603,734]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3066478320" collectionCode="AMS" country="Australia" location="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="AMS 1.34914, 002, USNM 336680" specimenCount="3">
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Material examined. (
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<specimenCount box="[1671,1868,603,642]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
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:
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).
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<collectingCountry box="[2083,2272,603,642]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF9E834886C0FE7CFD776914:8EFF6017FF9E834A8675FD42F91A6DC6" box="[1321,1749,649,688]" country="Australia" name="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Great Barrier Reef region</location>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[1770,1855,649,688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">AMS</collectionCode>
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I.34914-001 (1:
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<quantity box="[2120,2253,649,688]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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||
),
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<specimenCode box="[1320,1550,695,734]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">AMS 1.34914</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1560,1622,695,734]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">002</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1668,1797,695,734]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1826,2077,695,734]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">USNM 336680</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[2122,2253,695,734]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1320,2272,788,965]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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Diagnosis. At
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<quantity box="[1570,1755,788,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="25.0">25-26 mm</quantity>
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, body moderately deep, depth
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<quantity box="[1321,1495,834,873]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.238999999999999" metricValueMax="7.366" metricValueMin="7.111999999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="2.8499999999999996" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.8">2.8-2.9 in</quantity>
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SL; 4.5 dorsal scale rows, 16 ventral scale rows; maxillary serrations 4-5; cheek scales present; dorsal spine 3 or 4 the longest.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1320,2273,1016,1239]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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Diagnostic colour notes. At
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<quantity box="[1848,2039,1016,1055]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="25.0">25-26 mm</quantity>
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, dorsum and flanks yellow-orange, belly off-white yellow; 4 narrow silver primary stripes (4-6 at
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<quantity box="[1815,2015,1109,1148]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50-100 mm</quantity>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[2035,2072,1109,1148]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">PI</collectionCode>
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. ID), broad interspaces yellow-orange; no dark markings on body or cheeks; fins hyaline (but see "Identification note" below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1318,2275,1290,2525]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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Colour notes. A species characterised by marked colour changes throughout life history, although little ontogenetic variation apparent during early postsettlement phase; no rapid colour pattern changes. At
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<quantity box="[1320,1517,1475,1513]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="25.0">25-26 mm</quantity>
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||
, freshly collected: dorsum deep yelloworange, fading to pale orange belly, no dark banding or mid-lateral stripe patterns, silver peritoneal lining faintly visible; 4 narrow silver stripes below lateral-line, originating behind operculum and pectoral fin base, orbital stripe extending to base of caudal rays, other stripes terminating near base of caudal peduncle, interspaces broaderthan stripes and of similar colouration to rest of body; cheek and operculum off-white to silver, no dark markings, snout and lips grey to pale yelloworange, nape slightly reddish; fins hyaline, spinous fins with moderately-dense melanophores, yellow tinge distally, inner pelvic membranes without dense melanophores (but see "Identification note" below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1318,2275,1290,2525]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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At
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<quantity box="[1420,1605,2118,2157]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="65.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="50.0">50-80 mm</quantity>
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, in field (
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<collectionCode box="[1775,1814,2118,2157]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">PI</collectionCode>
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. ID): body yellow-orange, dorsal scales pale-centred, lateral-line denoted by row of silver dots, head yellowish grey; pectoral fins hyaliQe, caudal, dorsal and anal fins dusky yellow, fading posteriorly, pelvic fins off-white; 5-8 narrow silver stripes along flanks, medial stripe of greatest intensity, extending from lower margin of orbit to base of caudal rays, remaining stripes running from operculum to base of caudal peduncle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1318,2273,2576,2799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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Colour in alcohol. At
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<quantity box="[1693,1872,2576,2615]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="25.0">25-26 mm</quantity>
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||
, head and body uniform off-white yellow, peritoneum off-white; silver primary stripes inconspicuous, initially darker than surrounding body, faded after ca. 2 years; fins hyaline, melanophores retained.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1318,2273,2850,3073]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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Ecology. Settlement and nursery sites unknown, rare at Green Island, three recently-settled specimens were collected from a sheltered seagrass bed (0.5-2.0 m;
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<taxonomicName box="[1320,1514,2988,3027]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cymodoceaceae" genus="Cymodocea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1320,1514,2988,3027]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Cymodocea</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1595,1768,2988,3027]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName box="[1595,1757,2988,3027]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Thalassia</taxonomicName>
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)
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</emphasis>
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adjacent to the shoreline; field behaviours unknown.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1318,2273,3125,3164]" box="[1318,2273,3125,3164]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
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||
Field identification. Early-juvenile
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<taxonomicName box="[1962,2273,3125,3164]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythracanthus">
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<emphasis box="[1962,2273,3125,3164]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">L. erythracanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4652868" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4652868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4652868/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" startId="13.[132,172,1493,1511]" targetBox="[84,1157,187,1476]" targetPageId="13">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[132,1121,1493,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">
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Plate 1.
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<emphasis box="[201,386,1493,1511]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">A-LethrillUS arkinsol1i,</emphasis>
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23 mm SL, AMS 1.34915-001. Jive, Green Island,
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<emphasis box="[793,977,1493,1511]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">B-Lethr;nus alkinIOlli,</emphasis>
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23 mm SL, AMS 1.349\5-001, dead, Green Island,
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<emphasis box="[403,592,1514,1532]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">C-Lelhrinus atkinsollL</emphasis>
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50 mm SL. live (stress colouratinn), Green Island.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">D-LethrinUI erylilracantllll)'.</emphasis>
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80 mm SL. undcrwalt,:r photograph by R.H. Kuilcr, Flores (Indonesia).
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<emphasis box="[820,1024,1535,1552]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">E-Lelilrinus genivilla/uI.</emphasis>
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30 mm SL AMS 1.34919-001. dead. Green Island.
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<emphasis box="[444,646,1556,1573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">F-Lethrinus gelliviIWIII.I'.</emphasis>
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approx. 30 mm SL. underwater photograph by R.H. Kuiler. Sydney Harbour.
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<emphasis box="[269,472,1576,1594]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">G-LethrillllI geninl/a/IIS.</emphasis>
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approx. 40 mm SL underwater photograph by R.H. Kuiler, Sydney Harbour. H
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<emphasis box="[132,259,1597,1615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">Le/hrinl/s ham/.:.</emphasis>
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20 mm SL. AMS I.34920 -002. Jive, Green Island.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="14.[227,1205,418,779]" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
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individuals are rarely encountered in the field; no underwater observations were made during the present study. At the size examined,
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<taxonomicName box="[778,1104,510,549]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythracanthus">
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<emphasis box="[778,1104,510,549]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">L. erythracanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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field colouration could be confused with both
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<taxonomicName box="[957,1204,556,595]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genivittatus">
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<emphasis box="[957,1204,556,595]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">L. genivittatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seale" authorityYear="1910" box="[295,490,602,641]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atkinsoni">
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<emphasis box="[295,490,602,641]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">L. atkinsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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juveniles of a similar size. All three species may be yellow-orange over at least the snout and dorsum. The lack of dark intermittent patterns in
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<taxonomicName box="[909,1204,694,733]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythracanthus">
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<emphasis box="[909,1204,694,733]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">L. erythracanthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may distinguish it from other species.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="14.[226,1205,845,1253]" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
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Identification note. The density of pigmentation on the innermost pelvic membranes varies among
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<taxonomicName box="[922,1205,892,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythracanthus">
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<emphasis box="[922,1205,892,931]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">L. erythracanthus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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individuals (
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Carpenter & AlIen" box="[435,873,938,977]" firstAuthor="Carpenter" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" refId="ref21593" refString="Carpenter, KE., & G. R. AlIen, 1989. FAO species catalogue: Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125, Volume 9. FAO, Rome, pp. v + 118." type="book" year="1989">Carpenter & AlIen, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the specimens examined, this ranged from a faint covering of fine melanophores to absence. Although the small sample and narrow size range did not allow ontogenetic effects to be distinguished from variation at the individual orpopulation level, this character may be useful for separating
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythracanthus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">L. erythracanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other lethrinid juveniles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[224,1204,1319,1634]" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
|
||
Previous descriptions. The
|
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<taxonomicName box="[736,1048,1319,1358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythracanthus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[736,1048,1319,1358]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">L. erythracanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
juvenile stage has been figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carpenter & AlIen" box="[663,1081,1365,1404]" firstAuthor="Carpenter" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" refId="ref21593" refString="Carpenter, KE., & G. R. AlIen, 1989. FAO species catalogue: Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125, Volume 9. FAO, Rome, pp. v + 118." type="book" year="1989">Carpenter & AlIen (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; length not given) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lieske & Myers" box="[487,880,1411,1450]" firstAuthor="Lieske" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" refId="ref22394" refString="Lieske, E., & R. F. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide: Coral Reef Fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean. Harper Collins Publishers, London, pp. 400." type="book" year="1994">Lieske & Myers (1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; length not given), and colour plates included in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Myers" box="[773,1005,1457,1496]" firstAuthor="Myers" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" refId="ref22541" refString="Myers, R. F., 1989. Micronesian reef fishes. 1 st edn. Coral Graphics, Guam, pp. vi + 298." type="book" year="1989">Myers (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity box="[1036,1185,1457,1496]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Randall" box="[224,574,1503,1542]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Randall" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" refId="ref22569" refString="Randall, J. E., G. R. AlIen & R. e. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Crawford House Press, Bathurst, Australia, pp. xix + 528." type="book" year="1990">
|
||
Randall
|
||
<emphasis box="[370,455,1503,1542]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1990
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; length not given),
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kuiter" box="[919,1140,1503,1542]" firstAuthor="Kuiter" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" refId="ref22151" refString="Kuiter, R. H., 1992. Tropical Reef-Fishes of the Western Pacific: Indonesia and Adjacent Waters. Penerbit PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta, Indonesia, pp. xiii + 314." type="book" year="1992">Kuiter (1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
||
, reproduced here in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[638,674,1548,1588]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">PI</collectionCode>
|
||
. ID) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Masuda & Kobayashi" firstAuthor="Masuda" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" refId="ref22430" refString="Masuda, H., & Y. Kobayashi, 1994. Grand Atlas of Fish Life Modes. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 465." type="book" year="1994">Masuda & Kobayashi (1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 50 mm total length).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |