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<document id="3ECE5B8A4FB390BBBAC1591496E9F4DA" ID-CLB-Dataset="46245" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.278844" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da2ca486-83fa-4e10-99eb-f3374d9a2a51" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="278844" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460395166422" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jäger, Peter" docDate="2011" docId="03895E311520995BFF728E7A90BDFE81" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03046p038.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3046" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sphedanus Thorell 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFB0264915269952FFE58912907EFF9D" masterDocTitle="Revision of the spider genera Nilus O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876, Sphedanus Thorell 1877 and Dendrolycosa Doleschall 1859 (Araneae: Pisauridae)" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698298638739" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="135999F6B2DBB3308F9CFA36C7347E5D">Revision of the spider genera Nilus O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876, Sphedanus Thorell 1877 and Dendrolycosa Doleschall 1859 (Araneae: Pisauridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D06DD298A6747DBBA1670AEF2FB85E93">Jäger, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="754EF4519AB630EA6D061FCB5057D209">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03895E311520995BFF728E7A90BDFE81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6186794" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119417966" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6186794" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03895E311520995BFF728E7A90BDFE81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03895E311520995BFF728E7A90BDFE81" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C33ABCAC15209954FF728E7A91BCF81F" box="[151,450,1896,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9FEF2715209954FF728E7A91BCF81F" blockId="6.[151,450,1896,1922]" box="[151,450,1896,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0D7584B15209954FF728E7A91BCF81F" bold="true" box="[151,450,1896,1922]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415209954FF728E7A91BCF81F" ID-CoL="7KQ7" ID-ENA="1956545" authority="Thorell 1877" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,450,1896,1922]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515209954FF728E7A91BCF81F" bold="true" box="[151,450,1896,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B954333515209954FF728E7A9163F81F" bold="true" box="[151,285,1896,1922]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphedanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615209954FEC18E7A91BCF81F" author="Thorell" box="[292,450,1896,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Thorell, T. (1877) Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. I. Ragni di Selebes raccolti nel 1874 dal Dott. O. Beccari. Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova, 10, 341 - 637." type="journal article" year="1877">Thorell 1877</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33ABCAC15209955FF728EBD92B6FEA2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9FEF2715209954FF728EBD94F9F858" blockId="6.[151,1338,1967,2020]" box="[151,1159,1967,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30C80915209954FF728EBD94F9F858" box="[151,1159,1967,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415209954FF728EBD91BFF858" ID-CoL="7KQ7" authority="Thorell 1877: 522" authorityName="Thorell" authorityPageNumber="522" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,449,1967,1989]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515209954FF728EBD917BF858" box="[151,261,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphedanus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A81C93615209954FEEE8EBD91BFF858" author="Thorell" box="[267,449,1967,1989]" page="522" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1877">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615209954FEEE8EBD91EDF858" author="Thorell" box="[267,403,1967,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Thorell, T. (1877) Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. I. Ragni di Selebes raccolti nel 1874 dal Dott. O. Beccari. Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova, 10, 341 - 637." type="journal article" year="1877">Thorell 1877</bibRefCitation>
: 522
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(description of the genus, including only the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415209954FBEB8EA29409F858" ID-CoL="6YXFZ" box="[1038,1143,1967,1989]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undatus">
<emphasis id="B954333515209954FBEB8EA29409F858" box="[1038,1143,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. undatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FEF2715209954FF728EDC9544F879" blockId="6.[151,1338,1967,2020]" box="[151,1338,1998,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30C80915209954FF728EDC9544F879" box="[151,1338,1998,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415209954FF728EDC91C0F879" authority="Thorell 1897: 18" authorityName="Thorell" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,446,1998,2020]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Eurychoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515209954FF728EDC9171F879" box="[151,271,1998,2020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eurychoera</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A81C93615209954FEF18EDC91C0F879" author="Thorell" box="[276,446,1998,2020]" page="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1897">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615209954FEF18EDC91E5F879" author="Thorell" box="[276,411,1998,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Thorell, T. (1897). Araneae paucae Asiae australis. Bihang till Konglike Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (6), 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1897">Thorell 1897</bibRefCitation>
: 18
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(description of the genus, including only the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415209954FBEE8EDD94B6F879" box="[1035,1224,1998,2020]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Eurychoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculata">
<emphasis id="B954333515209954FBEE8EDD94B6F879" box="[1035,1224,1998,2020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E. quadrimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). syn. nov.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FEF2715219955FF72898A92B6FEA2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FF72898A90A8FF2D" bold="true" box="[151,214,152,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Note.</emphasis>
Both genera with its
<typeStatus id="549B518515219955FE21898A918AFF2D" box="[452,500,152,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
species are clearly synonymous due to striking similarities in the female copulatory organs (
<figureCitation id="131BF3A215219955FF1489AE910BFF49" box="[241,373,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Sphedanus spp., female copulatory organs (20, 24, 27 epigyne, ventral view; 21, 25, 28 vulva, dorsal view; 22 schematic course of internal duct system; 23, 26, 29 epigyne, posterior view). 20 – 23 Sphedanus undatus Thorell 1877, holotype, female from Indonesia, Sulawesi. 24 – 26 Sphedanus quadrimaculatus (Thorell 1897), female syntype from Singapore. 27 – 29 Sphedanus banna (Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004), female from Laos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278848/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 20–29</figureCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="549B518515219955FE5989AF9192FF48" box="[444,492,189,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FD8989AE929BFF49" ID-CoL="7KQ7" box="[620,741,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FD8989AE929BFF49" box="[620,741,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphedanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is redescribed below and its copulatory organs are illustrated for the first time. Two species are transferred from the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FCA389F293B4FF65" box="[838,970,224,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Eurychoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FCA389F293B4FF65" box="[838,970,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eurychoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FC0B89F29419FF65" ID-CoL="7KQ7" box="[1006,1127,224,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FC0B89F29419FF65" box="[1006,1127,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphedanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FB9389F29117FE81" ID-CoL="6YXFY" authority="Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004" authorityName="Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song" authorityYear="2004" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banna" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FB9389F29543FF65" box="[1142,1341,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphedanus banna</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615219955FAA989CD911FFE81" author="Zhang" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Zhang, J. X., Zhu, M. S &amp; Song, D. X. (2004) A review of the Chinese nursery-web spiders (Araneae, Pisauridae). Journal of Arachnology, 32, 353 - 417." type="journal article" year="2004">Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2678E4E15219955FE8A88169195FE81" box="[367,491,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FDC588169477FE81" ID-CoL="6Z9FY" authority="Thorell 1897" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1897" box="[544,1033,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculatus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FDC588169320FE81" box="[544,862,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphedanus quadrimaculatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615219955FC898816947EFE81" author="Thorell" box="[876,1024,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Thorell, T. (1897). Araneae paucae Asiae australis. Bihang till Konglike Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (6), 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1897">Thorell 1897</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2678E4E15219955FBEA881694F5FE81" box="[1039,1163,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Both species were illustrated recently (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615219955FEA3883592C2FEA2" author="Jager" box="[326,700,295,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Jager, P. (2007) Spiders (Araneae) from Laos with descriptions of new species. Acta Arachnologica, 56 (1), 29 - 58." type="journal article" year="2007">
Jäger 2007: sub
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FE1A883A92FDFEDD" box="[511,643,296,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Eurychoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FE1A883A92FDFEDD" box="[511,643,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eurychoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33ABCAC1521995BFF20885993B2FF49" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9FEF2715219955FF20885993D4FE52" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FF2088599141FEF9" bold="true" box="[197,319,331,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female epigynes have a characteristic median field with a more or less prominent median ridge (
<figureCitation id="131BF3A215219955FF7A887D9133FE1A" box="[159,333,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Sphedanus spp., female copulatory organs (20, 24, 27 epigyne, ventral view; 21, 25, 28 vulva, dorsal view; 22 schematic course of internal duct system; 23, 26, 29 epigyne, posterior view). 20 – 23 Sphedanus undatus Thorell 1877, holotype, female from Indonesia, Sulawesi. 24 – 26 Sphedanus quadrimaculatus (Thorell 1897), female syntype from Singapore. 27 – 29 Sphedanus banna (Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004), female from Laos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278848/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 20, 24, 27</figureCitation>
). Large median atria leading to narrow copulatory ducts, the latter running from anterior to posterior (
<figureCitation id="131BF3A215219955FF35888691FCFE31" box="[208,386,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Sphedanus spp., female copulatory organs (20, 24, 27 epigyne, ventral view; 21, 25, 28 vulva, dorsal view; 22 schematic course of internal duct system; 23, 26, 29 epigyne, posterior view). 20 – 23 Sphedanus undatus Thorell 1877, holotype, female from Indonesia, Sulawesi. 24 – 26 Sphedanus quadrimaculatus (Thorell 1897), female syntype from Singapore. 27 – 29 Sphedanus banna (Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004), female from Laos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278848/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 21, 25, 28</figureCitation>
). Head of spermathecae with rather indistinct glandular pores (
<figureCitation id="131BF3A215219955FBB6888694D8FE31" box="[1107,1190,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 29" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,183,1901]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 29. Sphedanus spp., female copulatory organs (20, 24, 27 epigyne, ventral view; 21, 25, 28 vulva, dorsal view; 22 schematic course of internal duct system; 23, 26, 29 epigyne, posterior view). 20 – 23 Sphedanus undatus Thorell 1877, holotype, female from Indonesia, Sulawesi. 24 – 26 Sphedanus quadrimaculatus (Thorell 1897), female syntype from Singapore. 27 – 29 Sphedanus banna (Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004), female from Laos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278848/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
). Broken emboli are regularly found in epigynes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615219955FE3F88A59227FE52" author="Jager" box="[474,601,439,463]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Jager, P. (2007) Spiders (Araneae) from Laos with descriptions of new species. Acta Arachnologica, 56 (1), 29 - 58." type="journal article" year="2007">Jäger 2007</bibRefCitation>
, data used in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D615219955FD1588A593E0FE52" author="Uhl" box="[752,926,439,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Uhl, G., Nessler, S. H. &amp; Schneider, J. (2010) Securing paternity in spiders? A review on occurrence and effects of mating plugs and male genital mutilation. Genetica, 138, 75 - 104." type="journal article" year="2010">
Uhl
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FCC788AB932DFE4D" box="[802,851,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FEF2715219955FF2088CE94ABFD8A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Web: According to current knowledge species build sheet webs in overhanging branches above jungle streams. A rolled leaf is used in the centre of the web as retreat. Spiders hang upside down under the web.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5FBFAF15219955FF728FCF9200F831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278847/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[154,1433,599,1736]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B9FEF2715219955FF728FCF9200F831" blockId="7.[151,1437,1757,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FF728FCF912BF96E" bold="true" box="[151,341,1757,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURES 16–19.</emphasis>
16–17
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FE468FCC92A0F96E" authority="Simon 1898" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1898" box="[419,734,1758,1780]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Nilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonicus">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FE468FCC9226F969" box="[419,600,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Nilus amazonicus</emphasis>
Simon 1898
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, juvenile, from Brazil, habitus (16 dorsal view; 17 ventral view). 18 Records of
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FE908FEF91D5F88E" box="[373,427,1789,1811]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Nilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FE908FEF91D5F88E" box="[373,427,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Nilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. (1 Egypt, Alexandria; 2 Ethiopia, detailed locality unclear; 3 India, Andhra Pradesh; 4 Andaman Islands; asterisk denotes type species of the genus). 19 Records of
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FC998E099394F8AC" box="[892,1002,1819,1841]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954333515219955FC998E099394F8AC" box="[892,1002,1819,1841]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphedanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. (1 China,
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A415219955FB6F8E0E94A4F8AC" box="[1162,1242,1820,1841]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Hygropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnan">Yunnan</taxonomicName>
, Menglun; 2 Laos, Luang Nam Tha Province: Ban Tavan, Nam Ha Protected Area; 3 Laos, Luang Prabang Province: Ban Mout, Ban Kengkoung, Tad Se; 4 Laos, Vientiane Province: Vang Vieng; 5 Laos, Champasak Province: Tha Hou; 6 Thailand, Trat Province: Koh Chang; 7 Malaysia: Genting [from Murphy &amp; Murphy 2000]; 8 Singapore; 9 Brunei; 10 Indonesia, Sulawesi: Kandari; asterisks denote type localities of particular species).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5FBFAF152E995AFF728E90930CF869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278848/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[151,1436,183,1901]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B9FEF27152E995AFF728E90930CF869" blockId="8.[151,1437,1922,2037]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B9543335152E995AFF728E90912AF805" bold="true" box="[151,340,1922,1945]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURES 20–29.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A4152E995AFEBE8E9191B6F804" box="[347,456,1923,1945]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9543335152E995AFEBE8E9191B6F804" box="[347,456,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sphedanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., female copulatory organs (20, 24, 27 epigyne, ventral view; 21, 25, 28 vulva, dorsal view; 22 schematic course of internal duct system; 23, 26, 29 epigyne, posterior view). 20–23
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A4152E995AFBE88EB39523F82A" authority="Thorell 1877" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" box="[1037,1373,1953,1975]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undatus">
<emphasis id="B9543335152E995AFBE88EB394AFF82A" box="[1037,1233,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sphedanus undatus</emphasis>
Thorell 1877
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, female from Indonesia, Sulawesi. 24–26
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A4152E995AFD9B8ED2943CF84B" authority="Thorell 1897" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1897" box="[638,1090,1984,2006]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculatus">
<emphasis id="B9543335152E995AFD9B8ED293DEF84B" box="[638,928,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sphedanus quadrimaculatus</emphasis>
(Thorell 1897)
</taxonomicName>
, female syntype from Singapore. 27–29
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A4152E995AFF398ECD92D3F868" authority="Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004" authorityName="Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song" authorityYear="2004" box="[220,685,2014,2037]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banna">
<emphasis id="B9543335152E995AFF398ECD91F1F868" box="[220,399,2015,2037]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sphedanus banna</emphasis>
(Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song 2004)
</taxonomicName>
, female from Laos.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9FEF27152F995BFF20898593B2FF49" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B9543335152F995BFF20898591C2FF2D" bold="true" box="[197,444,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Species composition.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A4152F995BFE21898A9244FF2D" box="[452,570,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undatus">
<emphasis id="B9543335152F995BFE21898A9244FF2D" box="[452,570,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. undatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="549B5185152F995BFDAF89859203FF32" box="[586,637,151,175]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
) from Sulawesi,
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A4152F995BFCA4898A93DAFF2D" box="[833,932,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Sphedanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banna" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9543335152F995BFCA4898A93DAFF2D" box="[833,932,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. banna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2678E4E152F995BFC4989859457FF32" box="[940,1065,151,175]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFB95898594C8FF32" box="[1136,1206,151,175]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFB27898A9486FF32" box="[1218,1272,152,175]" name="Laos" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Laos</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFAD4898595E9FF32" box="[1329,1431,151,175]" name="Thailand" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C2094A4152F995BFF2389AF91EBFF49" box="[198,405,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" genus="Eurychoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9543335152F995BFF2389AF91EBFF49" box="[198,405,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. quadrimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2678E4E152F995BFE7989AE9266FF49" box="[412,536,188,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFDB989AE92B8FF49" box="[604,710,188,212]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFD3489AE933CFF49" box="[721,834,188,212]" name="Singapore" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFC9D89AE93B6FF49" box="[888,968,188,212]" name="Brunei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brunei</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33ABCAC152F995BFF2089CD90BDFE81" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9FEF27152F995BFF2089CD90BDFE81" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B9543335152F995BFF2089CD9120FF65" bold="true" box="[197,350,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFE8389CD91D5FF6A" box="[358,427,223,247]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFE5D89F2918FFF6A" box="[440,497,224,247]" name="Laos" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFE1B89CD921AFF6A" box="[510,612,223,247]" name="Thailand" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFD9489CD929BFF6A" box="[625,741,223,247]" name="Singapore" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFD1789CD9327FF6A" box="[754,857,223,247]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB192D6152F995BFC8D89CD94F7FF6A" author="Murphy" box="[872,1161,223,247]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Murphy, F. &amp; Murphy, J. (2000) An introduction to the spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur. 625 pp. + 32 pl." type="book" year="2000">Murphy &amp; Murphy 2000</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F337AFB7152F995BFB7889CD9492FF6A" box="[1181,1260,223,247]" name="Brunei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brunei</collectingCountry>
, Sulawesi (
<figureCitation id="131BF3A2152F995BFA8B89CD90C8FE81" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 19. 16 – 17" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1757,1780]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,599,1736]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,589,1737]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 19. 16 – 17 Nilus amazonicus Simon 1898, holotype, juvenile, from Brazil, habitus (16 dorsal view; 17 ventral view). 18 Records of Nilus spp. (1 Egypt, Alexandria; 2 Ethiopia, detailed locality unclear; 3 India, Andhra Pradesh; 4 Andaman Islands; asterisk denotes type species of the genus). 19 Records of Sphedanus spp. (1 China, Yunnan, Menglun; 2 Laos, Luang Nam Tha Province: Ban Tavan, Nam Ha Protected Area; 3 Laos, Luang Prabang Province: Ban Mout, Ban Kengkoung, Tad Se; 4 Laos, Vientiane Province: Vang Vieng; 5 Laos, Champasak Province: Tha Hou; 6 Thailand, Trat Province: Koh Chang; 7 Malaysia: Genting [from Murphy &amp; Murphy 2000]; 8 Singapore; 9 Brunei; 10 Indonesia, Sulawesi: Kandari; asterisks denote type localities of particular species)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278847/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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