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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1098-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196" ID-ZooBank="B4F4033F296E43CCBE54B9413BC19268" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1098-1" checkinTime="1651618226429" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rakotonirina, Jean Claude &amp; Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2022" docId="A2F2DBE23BBE5A79804E35012C841EF4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1098: 1-180" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1098" docPubDate="2022-05-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223" docTitle="Camponotus cervicalis Roger 1863" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Malagasy Camponotus subgenus Myrmosaga (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1651618226429" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the Malagasy Camponotus subgenus Myrmosaga (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rakotonirina, Jean Claude</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Madagascar Biodiversity Center, BP 6257, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar &amp; Departement d'Entomologie-Culture, Elevage, Sante; Faculte des Sciences, BP 906, Universite d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jcrakoto25@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-3270</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-05-03</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1098</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>180</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1098-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B4F4033F296E43CCBE54B9413BC19268</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2F2DBE23BBE5A79804E35012C841EF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A2F2DBE23BBE5A79804E35012C841EF4" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="A2F2DBE2-3BBE-5A79-804E-35012C841EF4" authority="Roger" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus cervicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicalis">Camponotus cervicalis Roger</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Head in full-face view A C. cervicalis (CASENT 0217303) B C. dufouri (CASENT 0487727) C C. lokobe (CASENT 0436584)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678067" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 8A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Head in full-face view A C. sambiranoensis (CASENT 0231845) B C. cervicalis (CASENT 0217303)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678068" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Head in full-face view A C. niavo (CASENT 0134004) B C. cervicalis (CASENT 0217303)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678069" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Camponotus cervicalis A lateral view B head in full-face view C dorsal view of minor worker CASENT 0217303 D distribution map." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 50</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus cervicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicalis">Camponotus cervicalis</taxonomicName>
Roger, 1863: 134. Syntype workers, Madagascar (Humboldt) (NHMB); 1 syntype minor worker designated as lectotype, by present designation, AntWeb CASENT0101178 (NHMB) [examined]. Paralectotypes: 3 minor workers and 2 major workers of same data as lectotype but respectively specimen coded as: CASENT0101551, CASENT0101552 (MHNG), CASENT0104634 (ZMHB); CASENT0101704 and CASENT0101779 (MHNG) [examined]. Combination in
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus (Dinomyrmex)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Dinomyrmex">Camponotus (Dinomyrmex)</taxonomicName>
: Forel, 1914: 268; in
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="Rakotonirina &amp; Fisher" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tanaemyrmex">Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex)</taxonomicName>
: Emery, 1925: 84.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus gaullei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">Camponotus gaullei</taxonomicName>
Santschi, 1911a: 128. Syntype workers, Madagascar, S. de la Baie
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Antongil">d'Antongil</normalizedToken>
, (NHMB); 1 syntype minor worker designated as lectotype, by present designation, AntWeb CASENT0101179 (NHMB) [examined]. [Combination in
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus (Dinomyrmex)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Dinomyrmex">Camponotus (Dinomyrmex)</taxonomicName>
: Wheeler, 1922: 1043; in
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="Rakotonirina &amp; Fisher" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tanaemyrmex">Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex)</taxonomicName>
: Emery, 1925: 84]. As subspecies of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus cervicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicalis">Camponotus cervicalis</taxonomicName>
by Emery, 1925: 84. Syn. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus perroti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perroti">Camponotus perroti</taxonomicName>
Forel, 1897: 202. Syntype workers, Madagascar, Sainte Marie (Perrot) (MHNG); 1 syntype minor worker designated as lectotype, by present designation, AntWeb CASENT0101350 (MHNG) [examined]. Paralectotype major worker of same data as lectotype but with specimen code CASENT0101351 (MHNG) [examined]. Syn. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus perroti subsp. aeschylus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="perroti" subSpecies="aeschylus">Camponotus perroti aeschylus</taxonomicName>
Forel, 1913: 224. Holotype (by monotypy) alate queen, Madagascar (C. Keller) AntWeb CASENT0101561 (MHNG) [examined]. Syn. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Donisthorpe" authorityYear="1949" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus gerberti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerberti">Camponotus gerberti</taxonomicName>
Donisthorpe, 1949: 271. Syntype workers, Madagascar, Sainte Marie (R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Géberti">Geberti</normalizedToken>
1917) (NHMUK); 1 syntype minor worker designated as lectotype, by present designation, AntWeb CASENT0102310 (NHMUK) [examined]. Paralectotypes: 2 major workers of the same data as lectotype but with the following specimen codes: CASENT0102309, CASENT0102311 (NHMUK) [examined]. [Combination in
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="Rakotonirina &amp; Fisher" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Tanaemyrmex">Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex)</taxonomicName>
: Donisthorpe, 1949: 271]. Syn. nov.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="B. L. Fisher" country="Madagascar" elevation="1343" latitude="-19.15823" location="Miarinarivo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="47.49702" municipality="Ambatomanjaka" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antananarivo">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo">Antananarivo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: [Madagascar];
<collectingMunicipality>Ambatomanjaka</collectingMunicipality>
;
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2F2DBE23BBE5A79804E35012C841EF4:F8D46EE29FECF1A89AEA02119B4DEF31" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.15823" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="47.49702" municipality="Ambatomanjaka" name="Miarinarivo" stateProvince="Antananarivo">Miarinarivo</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.766947" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.766947">-18.766947</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.869107" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.869106">46.869107</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.343" unit="m" value="1343.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.343" unit="m" value="1343.0">1343 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(Humblot) (MNHN); Iharanandriana,
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.15823" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.15823">-19.15823</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.49702" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.49702">47.49702</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.513" unit="m" value="1513.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.513" unit="m" value="1513.0">1513 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
woodland (
<collectorName>B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
et al.) (CAS)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="B. L. Fisher, RS Ankarana, P. S. Ward" country="Madagascar" elevation="240" latitude="-14.67933" location="Antalaha" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="50.18367" municipality="Foret Ambanitaza" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
Ambanitaza
</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.61" unit="km" value="26.1">26.1 km</quantity>
347°
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2F2DBE23BBE5A79804E35012C841EF4:F2E9A0B0CB854FCB4391C2B5D8248D9D" country="Madagascar" latitude="-14.67933" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="50.18367" municipality="Foret Ambanitaza" name="Antalaha" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Antalaha</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="14.67933" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.67933">-14.67933</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="50.18367" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="50.18367">50.18367</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="240.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest (
<collectorName>B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
) (CAS);
<collectorName>RS Ankarana</collectorName>
,
<locationDeviation location="Matsaborimanga">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
SE Matsaborimanga
</locationDeviation>
, -12.9, 49.11667,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="150.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest (
<collectorName>P.S. Ward</collectorName>
) (PSWC)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="B. L. Fisher, P. S. Ward, PN Masoala, H. J. Ratsirarson, Parcelle K, SF Tampolo, Malagasy" country="Madagascar" elevation="18" latitude="-17.28333" location="Mananara Avaratra" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.41667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toamasina">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina">Toamasina</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: S. de la baie
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Antongil">d'Antongil</normalizedToken>
. (NHMB);
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2F2DBE23BBE5A79804E35012C841EF4:5E180B3AB6E64F4EE3C5FBC9AB06EF57" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.28333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.41667" name="Mananara Avaratra" stateProvince="Toamasina">Mananara Avaratra</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.170555" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.170555">-16.170555</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.765208" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.76521">49.765208</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="18.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName>B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
et al.) (CAS); Nosy Mangabe, -15.5, 49.76667, &lt;
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="5.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest edge (
<collectorName>P.S. Ward</collectorName>
) (PSWC); Nosy Mangabe,
<locationDeviation location="Maroantsetra">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.43" unit="km" value="7.43">7.43 km</quantity>
S Maroantsetra
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.4973" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-15.4973">-15.4973</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.76223" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.76223">49.76223</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, littoral rainforest (
<collectorName>B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
et al.) (CAS);
<collectorName>PN Masoala</collectorName>
,
<locationDeviation location="Maroantsetra">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.94" unit="km" value="39.4">39.4 km</quantity>
150° SSE Maroantsetra
</locationDeviation>
, -15.71, 49.97,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest (
<collectorName>B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>H.J. Ratsirarson</collectorName>
) (CAS);
<collectorName>Parcelle K</collectorName>
7 Tampolo,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.28333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-17.28333">-17.28333</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.41667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.41667">49.41667</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, littoral forest (Malagasy ant team) (CAS); RNI Betampona,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.41" unit="km" value="34.1">34.1 km</quantity>
332° Toamasina,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.91614" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-17.91614">-17.91614</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.20185" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.20185">49.20185</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="m" value="550.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest (
<collectorName>B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
et al.) (CAS);
<collectorName>SF Tampolo</collectorName>
,
<locationDeviation location="Fenoarivo Atn.">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
NNE Fenoarivo Atn.
</locationDeviation>
-17.2825, 49.43,
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, littoral rainforest (
<collectorName>B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
) (CAS); Tampolo,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.28333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-17.28333">-17.28333</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.41667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.41667">49.41667</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, littoral forest (
<collectorName>Malagasy</collectorName>
ant team) (CAS)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">With head in full-face view, lateral cephalic margin converging posteriorly towards eye level, covered with erect hairs from anterior to posterior of eye level; anteromedian margin of clypeus broadly convex; two apical teeth of mandible normally spaced.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor worker.</emphasis>
In full-face view, head sides converging progressively towards short posterior margin; eye protruding and large (EL/CS: 0.28
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01; 0.26-0.30), breaking lateral cephalic margin, level of posterior margin located at posterior 1/3 of head (PoOc/CL: 0.30
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01; 0.29-0.31); frontal carinae wide (FR/CS: 0.27
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01; 0.26-0.28), distance between them larger than smallest distance to eye; clypeus with anterolateral angle and anteromedian margin with blunt angle or convex; mandible with two apical teeth distantly spaced; antennal scape relatively long (SL/CS: 1.81
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.12; 1.57-1.94). Promesonotum weakly convex, mesopropodeum almost flat, joining declivity with rounded angle; metanotal groove weakly visible; propodeal declivity 1/2 length of the dorsum. Petiolar node as long as high, with dorsal margin inclined posteriorly and rounding to anterior margin; anterior face 1/2 height of the posterior; femur of hind leg rounded axially, not twisted basally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">First and second gastral tergites without a pair of white spots; lateral margin of head with erect hairs; more than six erect hairs present near posterior margin of head; antennal scape covered with erect to suberect hairs inclined at ca. 45° as well as appressed hairs; pronotum covered with few erect hairs, mesonotum with a pair of hairs; posterodorsal angle of propodeum with two pairs of erect hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major worker.</emphasis>
Characteristics the same as minor worker, except the enlarged head (CS: 4.17
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.35; 3.83-4.63; CWb/CL: 0.91
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03; 0.85-0.93); the more strongly built mandible; apical 1/4 of antennal scape surpassing posterior cephalic margin; pronotum convex, mesonotum sloping towards metanotum, propodeal dorsum feebly convex and its junction to declivity broadly angulate; petiolar node much higher than long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus cervicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camponotus cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known to occur in littoral forests and lower elevations of the rainforests in the east of Madagascar between the Ambanitaza forest in the north and the RNI Betampona in the south (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Camponotus cervicalis A lateral view B head in full-face view C dorsal view of minor worker CASENT 0217303 D distribution map." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50D</figureCitation>
). Workers of the species have been found foraging on the ground and through leaf litter, but nest sites range from rotten logs, rotting tree stumps, rot pockets above the ground, live trees, under tree bark, and in moss and leaf litter.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 50" startId="F50">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 50.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus cervicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camponotus cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
head in full-face view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
dorsal view of minor worker CASENT0217303
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
distribution map.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus cervicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camponotus cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. niavo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="niavo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. niavo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
look similar, but in the latter, the level of the posterior ocular margin is located at posterior 1/4 of length of head and its antennal scape lacks appressed hairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In his original description of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus gaullei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaullei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camponotus gaullei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.29916" author="Santschi, F" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="117 - 134" refId="B35" refString="Santschi, F, 1911a. Nouvelles fourmis de Madagascar. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 19: 117 - 134, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.29916" title="Nouvelles fourmis de Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.29916" volume="19" year="1911 a">Santschi (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
discussed the resemblance of the species to
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. dufouri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dufouri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. dufouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and no strong separating characters were provided. However, with recent extensive sampling of the Malagasy ant fauna, the observation of the range of worker class sizes in these latter species indicates the closer similarity between
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. gaullei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gaullei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. gaullei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Combined with the close distance between the type localities of both species, this information would be enough to synonymize
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. gaullei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gaullei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. gaullei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The description of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. perroti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perroti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. perroti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Forel, A" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="185 - 208" refId="B18" refString="Forel, A, 1897. Ameisen aus Nossi-Be, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar, gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin. Mit einem Anhang ueber die von Herrn Privatdocenten Dr. A. Brauer in Marburg auf den Seychellen und von Herrn Perrot auf Ste. Marie (Madagaskar) gesammelten Ameisen. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 21: 185 - 208" title="Ameisen aus Nossi-Be, Majunga, Juan de Nova (Madagaskar), den Aldabra-Inseln und Sansibar, gesammelt von Herrn Dr. A. Voeltzkow aus Berlin. Mit einem Anhang ueber die von Herrn Privatdocenten Dr. A. Brauer in Marburg auf den Seychellen und von Herrn Perrot auf Ste. Marie (Madagaskar) gesammelten Ameisen." volume="21" year="1897">Forel (1897)</bibRefCitation>
was based on a limited number of worker specimens which had a close similarity to
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. dufouri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dufouri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. dufouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Careful examinations of more specimens obtained from the recent ant surveys in Madagascar show that
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. perroti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perroti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. perroti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belong to the same species and that
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. perroti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perroti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. perroti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
merits its placement as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forel’s">Forel's</normalizedToken>
description of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. perroti subsp. aeschylus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="perroti" subSpecies="aeschylus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. perroti aeschylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based only on a single alate queen, and the comparison of this specimen with the queen specimens of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected from its geographical range across Madagascar revealed that this type specimen was a queen of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Donisthorpe’s">Donisthorpe's</normalizedToken>
description of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Donisthorpe" authorityYear="1949" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus gerberti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerberti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camponotus gerberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
did not compare the characters of the taxa to those of other species, although this description morphologically matches the type specimens of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The data obtained from the recent ant survey in Madagascar and this information are sufficient to reasonably synonymize
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. gerberti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gerberti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. gerberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The identity of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. cervicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cervicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cervicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on conventional qualitative taxonomy is recognized by multivariate morphometric analysis. The cluster of the samples of the species created by NC-clustering method is confirmed by cumulative LDA with an identification success of 100%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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