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<document id="7297BC1BA090D6A919F32D8CBC7F2D23" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.212849" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eb500402-596b-4b1b-9c3c-ede2050bb1b1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="212849" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460507649009" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wollenberg, Katharina C., Glaw, Frank &amp; Vences, Miguel" docDate="2012" docId="280387924C31FFFEFF7EFB3532537E73" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03421p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3421" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gephyromantis decaryi Angel 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="D43AFFEA4C3AFFF3FFE9FF9433107C2C" masterDocTitle="Revision of the little brown frogs in the Gephyromantis decaryi complex with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="32" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698312936495" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="29EE617D76F32689366A6A4458C47F34">Revision of the little brown frogs in the Gephyromantis decaryi complex with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B481767013DA65E51EEF8557BDEF90B1">Wollenberg, Katharina C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4EBC0BC95CFD4553D766FBC8F873F82">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D93C73F680A7FC282657FF2C6189A671">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="623FAE61216AD17C8F536D170E8F8C00">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="280387924C31FFFEFF7EFB3532537E73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5672704" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119522891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5672704" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:280387924C31FFFEFF7EFB3532537E73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/280387924C31FFFEFF7EFB3532537E73" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection id="E8B0650F4C31FFF8FF7EFB35315A7896" box="[151,586,1184,1211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A01536844C31FFF8FF7EFB35315A7896" blockId="11.[151,586,1184,1211]" box="[151,586,1184,1211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="FB5D81E84C31FFF8FF7EFB35315A7896" bold="true" box="[151,586,1184,1211]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C31FFF8FF7EFB35315A7896" ID-CoL="3FTTK" authority="Angel, 1930" authorityName="Angel" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,586,1184,1211]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C31FFF8FF7EFB35315A7896" bold="true" box="[151,586,1184,1211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C31FFF8FF7EFB3532A07897" bold="true" box="[151,432,1185,1211]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">Gephyromantis decaryi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FE5EFB34315A7896" author="Angel" box="[439,586,1184,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Angel, M. F. (1930) Sur la validite du Genre Gephyromantis (Batraciens) et diagnoses de deux especes et d'une variete nouvelles de ce genre. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 55, 548 - 553." type="journal article" year="1930">Angel, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="A01536844C31FFFFFF7EFB73362C7E3B" blockId="11.[151,1437,1255,2036]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C31FFF8FF7EFB7333EB792C" bold="true" box="[151,251,1255,1280]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">Identity.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C31FFF8FEEDFB7C311D792C" box="[260,525,1256,1280]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C31FFF8FEEDFB7C311D792C" box="[260,525,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">Gephyromantis decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FD0CFB73306D78D3" author="Angel" box="[741,893,1255,1279]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Angel, M. F. (1930) Sur la validite du Genre Gephyromantis (Batraciens) et diagnoses de deux especes et d'une variete nouvelles de ce genre. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 55, 548 - 553." type="journal article" year="1930">Angel (1930)</bibRefCitation>
on the basis of four specimens collected by R. Decary from forest near Midongy du Sud (= Midongy Atsimo) at
<quantity id="67529B614C31FFF8FC90FA9830E87908" box="[889,1016,1292,1316]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="600.0" valueMax="700.0" valueMin="500.0">500–700 m</quantity>
a.s.l. (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C31FFF8FBA8FA9837897908" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1089,1177,1292,1316]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">MNHN</collectionCode>
1930.435) and a forest at Pic d'Ivohibe (Andringitra Massif, ca.
<quantity id="67529B614C31FFF8FD80FABB31AF796B" box="[617,703,1327,1351]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
a.s.l.) in the South East of
<collectingCountry id="D8BD76144C31FFF8FC11FABB376F796B" box="[1016,1151,1327,1351]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C31FFF8FB66FABB37F6796B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1167,1254,1327,1351]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">MNHN</collectionCode>
1930.436-438).
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FF7EFAC031297940" author="Blommers-Schlosser" box="[151,569,1364,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Blommers-Schlosser, R. M. A. &amp; Blanc, C. P. (1991) Amphibiens (premiere partie). Faune de Madagascar, 75 (1), 1 - 379." type="journal article" year="1991">Blommers-Schlösser &amp; Blanc (1991)</bibRefCitation>
assigned the species to the genus
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C31FFF8FC55FAC0374C7940" box="[956,1116,1364,1388]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Mantidactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C31FFF8FC55FAC0374C7940" box="[956,1116,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">Mantidactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and designated the (female) specimen from Midongy (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C31FFF8FE52FAE3310279A3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[443,530,1399,1423]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">MNHN</collectionCode>
1930.435) as
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FD5BFAE3300C79A3" box="[690,796,1399,1423]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="D8BD76144C31FFF8FCCEFAEC305679BC" box="[807,838,1400,1424]" name="American Samoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">As</collectingCountry>
reported in detail by
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FBD1FAE3362D79A3" author="Glaw" box="[1080,1341,1399,1424]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2000) A new species of Mantidactylus from northeastern Madagascar (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) with resurrection of Mantidactylus blanci (Guibe, 1974). Spixiana, 23, 71 - 83." type="journal article" year="2000">Glaw &amp; Vences (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FA9BFAE333CD7999" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
is currently in a very poor state of preservation, with dissociated and partially missing hindlimbs. Furthermore, the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FE1BFA2B316879FB" author="Angel" box="[498,632,1471,1495]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Angel, M. F. (1930) Sur la validite du Genre Gephyromantis (Batraciens) et diagnoses de deux especes et d'une variete nouvelles de ce genre. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 55, 548 - 553." type="journal article" year="1930">Angel 1930</bibRefCitation>
) provides a joint description for a total of four
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FB63FA5537FF79F5" box="[1162,1263,1473,1497]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
, of which three come from a highland locality (Pic d'Ivohibe) and probably are not conspecific with the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FB60FA7037E379D0" box="[1161,1267,1508,1532]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. To assign this
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FF7EF99333EE7A33" box="[151,254,1543,1567]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
specimen and thus the nomen
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C31FFF8FDBEF99C31BB7A0C" box="[599,683,1544,1568]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C31FFF8FDBEF99C31BB7A0C" box="[599,683,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to any of the species that we have identified by molecular and bioacoustic data, we therefore can only use indirect evidence. The coloration characters mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FB05F9B833F17A4B" author="Glaw" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2000) A new species of Mantidactylus from northeastern Madagascar (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) with resurrection of Mantidactylus blanci (Guibe, 1974). Spixiana, 23, 71 - 83." type="journal article" year="2000">Glaw &amp; Vences (2000)</bibRefCitation>
and derived from their examination of the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FD29F9DB30377A4B" box="[704,807,1615,1639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
are rather unspecific and in principle could apply to any of the species identified by us. There are two lines of evidence, however, supporting the species definition of
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FAB6F9E0324D7A9C" author="Glaw" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2000) A new species of Mantidactylus from northeastern Madagascar (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) with resurrection of Mantidactylus blanci (Guibe, 1974). Spixiana, 23, 71 - 83." type="journal article" year="2000">Glaw &amp; Vences (2000)</bibRefCitation>
: (1) The
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FE21F90C313F7A9C" box="[456,559,1688,1712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
upon examination in 1999 had a slightly converging dark-bordered ridge on each side of the neck that is followed dorsolaterally by a further ridge. This character is most clearly expressed in the specimens from the Ranomafana region, although also some specimens from Manombo have irregular expressions of such ridges. (2) The original description (
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FD1CF89030917B30" author="Angel" box="[757,897,1796,1820]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Angel, M. F. (1930) Sur la validite du Genre Gephyromantis (Batraciens) et diagnoses de deux especes et d'une variete nouvelles de ce genre. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 55, 548 - 553." type="journal article" year="1930">Angel 1930</bibRefCitation>
) describes
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C31FFF8FBE2F89137937B30" box="[1035,1155,1796,1820]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C31FFF8FBE2F89137937B30" box="[1035,1155,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">G. decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a species with long hindlimbs, with the tibiotarsal articulation widely surpassing the snout tip when limbs are adpressed along body. Although this was probably written mainly referring to the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FCDAF8D830DA7B48" box="[819,970,1868,1892]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
specimen
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C31FFF8FBAAF8D937897B48" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1091,1177,1869,1892]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">MNHN</collectionCode>
1930.437, a male with very long hindlimbs (see
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C31FFF8FE5BF8E431B47BA4" author="Glaw" box="[434,676,1904,1928]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" refString="Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2000) A new species of Mantidactylus from northeastern Madagascar (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) with resurrection of Mantidactylus blanci (Guibe, 1974). Spixiana, 23, 71 - 83." type="journal article" year="2000">Glaw &amp; Vences 2000</bibRefCitation>
), a comparatively large hindlimb length also appears to characterize the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FF28F800323B7B80" box="[193,299,1940,1964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Its poor state of preservation did not allow to take a full range of measurements, but we here give a number of measurements of the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C31FFF8FDE2F82C31627BFC" box="[523,626,1976,2000]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C31FFF8FD6BF82C31CA7BFC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[642,730,1976,2000]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">MNHN</collectionCode>
1930.435) kindly provided by A. Miralles who examined the specimens in 2010 (all in mm): SVL 22.1,
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C31FFF8FD77F84831F47BD8" box="[670,740,2012,2036]" pageId="11" pageNumber="43">FOTL</collectionCode>
(only left hindlimb) 22.0, TL (on left and right hindlimb) 14.4–14.7 (
<figureCitation id="38912A014C36FFFFFEFFFF0332797C83" box="[278,361,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1506,1529]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,987,1484]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,987,1485]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Preserved lectotypes of A— G. d e c a r y i (MNHN 1930.435) and B— G. verrucosus (MNHN 1930.444); photographs taken by A. Miralles. Note the poor state of preservation of the type of G. decaryi, with one hindlimb detached from the body. Scale bars represent 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212861/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Relative
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFE0BFF0331387C83" box="[482,552,151,175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">FOTL</collectionCode>
and TL (as
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFD46FF0331E67C83" box="[687,758,151,175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">FOTL</collectionCode>
/SVL and TL/SVL ratios) are thus 1.0 and 0.65–0.67, in perfect agreement with the values of specimens from Ranomafana National Park assigned to
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFB6BFF2937EE7CF8" box="[1154,1278,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFB6BFF2937E87CF8" box="[1154,1272,188,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">G. decaryi</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
0.87–0.96 for relative
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFF1AFF4B322C7CDB" box="[243,316,223,247]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">FOTL</collectionCode>
, and 0.59–0.69 for relative TL. In comparison, relative
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFC5EFF4B30ED7CDB" box="[951,1021,223,247]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">FOTL</collectionCode>
is &lt;0.79 and relative TL is &lt;
<quantity id="67529B614C36FFFFFAA5FF4B368C7CDB" box="[1356,1436,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4478" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="0.57">0.57 in</quantity>
the other three (candidate) species of the
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFD87FE9131F27D30" box="[622,738,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFD87FE9131F27D30" box="[622,738,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">G. decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (calculated from original values in Table 1). Therefore, the long hindlimbs of the
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFE1AFEBC31757D6C" box="[499,613,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFE1AFEBC31757D6C" box="[499,613,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">G. decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C36FFFFFD85FEB331C37D13" box="[620,723,295,319]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
agree most congruently with the species from Ranomafana and we therefore propose to continue assigning this name to the Ranomafana population. This is the taxonomically most parsimonious solution, but unfortunately implies the biogeographic anomaly of considering the northernmost population from Ranomafana to be conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFD01FE01304B7D80" box="[744,859,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFD01FE01304B7D80" box="[744,859,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">G. decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
whose
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C36FFFFFC5BFE0037097D80" box="[946,1049,404,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
was collected at the southernmost locality known for the complex (see
<figureCitation id="38912A014C36FFFFFDC6FE2331907DE3" box="[559,640,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1976,1999]" captionTargetBox="[255,1370,301,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[223,1370,301,1940]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of species of the Gephyromantis decaryi complex. Midongy du Sud and Ikongo (= Fort Carnot) refer to the type localities of G. decaryi and G. verrucosus, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212859/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). We hypothesize that in fact,
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFC39FE2C372E7DFC" box="[976,1086,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">G. d e c a r y i</emphasis>
might in the future prove to be yet a different species (and the Ranomafana populations thus represent an undescribed species), but for such a conclusion, fresh material associated to molecular and bioacoustic data from Midongy du Sud will be needed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E8B0650F4C36FFFFFF2EFDB0313D7EC3" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A01536844C36FFFFFF2EFDB0313D7EC3" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFF2EFDB032207E10" bold="true" box="[199,304,548,572]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Remark.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C36FFFFFED1FDB0310B7E10" box="[312,539,548,572]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" refString="Vieites, D. R., Wollenberg, K. C., Andreone, F., Kohler, J., Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar's biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U. S. A., 106, 8267 - 8272." type="journal article">
Vieites
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFE67FDB132D87E10" box="[398,456,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
and Wollenberg
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFD36FDB130097E10" box="[735,793,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
(2011) considered the Ranomafana population as candidate species
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFEC3FDDC32C67E4C" box="[298,470,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFEC3FDDC32C67E4C" box="[298,470,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 9, and used the name
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFCE3FDDC306F7E4C" box="[778,895,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFCE3FDDC306F7E4C" box="[778,895,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">G. decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for populations from Vondrozo and Manombo which geographically are closer to the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C36FFFFFDA2FDF9316B7EA9" box="[587,635,621,645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFD15FDF9307F7EA8" box="[764,879,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFD15FDF9307F7EA8" box="[764,879,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">G. decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, after re-examination of the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C36FFFFFACDFDF936447EA9" box="[1316,1364,621,645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
material, we here confirm the view of
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C36FFFFFDFDFD1B30097E8B" author="Glaw" box="[532,793,655,679]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" refString="Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2000) A new species of Mantidactylus from northeastern Madagascar (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) with resurrection of Mantidactylus blanci (Guibe, 1974). Spixiana, 23, 71 - 83." type="journal article" year="2000">Glaw &amp; Vences (2000)</bibRefCitation>
and assign the name
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFBE4FD0437717E84" box="[1037,1121,656,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFBE4FD0437717E84" box="[1037,1121,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the Ranomafana population as was also done by
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C36FFFFFE2FFD2031EA7EE0" box="[454,762,692,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" refString="Kaffenberger, N., Wollenberg, K. C., Kohler, J., Glaw, F., Vieites, D. R. &amp; Vences, M. (2012) Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Malagasy frogs of the genus Gephyromantis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62, 555 - 560." type="journal article">
Kaffenberger
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFD8CFD2131B17EE0" box="[613,673,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
. A detailed redescription of this species has already been provided by
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C36FFFFFECDFD4331397EC3" author="Glaw" box="[292,553,727,751]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" refString="Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2000) A new species of Mantidactylus from northeastern Madagascar (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) with resurrection of Mantidactylus blanci (Guibe, 1974). Spixiana, 23, 71 - 83." type="journal article" year="2000">Glaw &amp; Vences (2000)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E8B0650F4C36FFFFFF2EFD6F32097850" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A01536844C36FFFFFF2EFD6F32097850" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFF2EFD6F32A77F38" bold="true" box="[199,439,763,788]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFE2CFD6832EF7F38" box="[453,511,764,788]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
2495/2007 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFD73FD6831FD7F38" box="[666,749,764,788]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
5203),
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFCB8FD68309A7F38" box="[849,906,764,788]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
2496/2007 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFBCCFD6837687F38" box="[1061,1144,764,788]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
5222),
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFB34FD6836067F38" box="[1245,1302,764,788]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
2497/2007 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFF77FC8B33E17F1B" box="[158,241,799,823]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
5223),
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFEA1FC8B32917F1B" box="[328,385,799,823]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
2498/2007 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFDE6FC8B31727F1B" box="[527,610,799,823]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
5589), four adult males, collected in the vicinities of Valbio research station, south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="D8BD76144C36FFFFFE82FCD032E47F70" box="[363,500,836,860]" name="Madagascar" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C59E50434C36FFFFFE16FCD0319A7F70" box="[511,650,836,860]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" precision="1" value="-21.253183">21°15,191'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C59E50434C36FFFFFD7CFCD030317F70" box="[661,801,836,860]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" precision="1" value="47.421185">47°25,271'E</geoCoordinate>
, by K. C. Wollenberg, P. Nürnberger, E. Rajeriarison and T. Rajoafiarison on
<date id="D41410444C36FFFFFE9EFCF331107F53" box="[375,512,871,895]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" value="1926-02">26 February</date>
,
<date id="D41410444C36FFFFFDE5FCF3317D7F53" box="[524,621,871,895]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">1 March</date>
,
<date id="D41410444C36FFFFFD90FCF331CB7F53" box="[633,731,871,895]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">2 March</date>
, and
<date id="D41410444C36FFFFFCFEFCF330F17F53" box="[791,993,871,895]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" value="2007-02-24">24 February 2007</date>
, respectively.
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFB6BFCF337AC7F53" box="[1154,1212,871,895]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
1850/2008 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFAA0FCF3368C7F53" box="[1353,1436,871,895]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
8153), adult male, collected near Ambatolahy village, close to Ranomafana National Park, at a site with geographical coordinates
<geoCoordinate id="C59E50434C36FFFFFEA7FC3B32CF7FEB" box="[334,479,943,967]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" precision="1" value="-21.248283">21° 14,897'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C59E50434C36FFFFFE02FC3B316F7FEB" box="[491,639,943,967]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" precision="1" value="47.43">47° 25,800'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="67529B614C36FFFFFD63FC3B31C17FE4" box="[650,721,943,968]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.48" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="948.0">948 m</quantity>
a.s.l., by K. C. Wollenberg on
<date id="D41410444C36FFFFFBC3FC3B37E47FEB" box="[1066,1268,943,967]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" value="2008-02-16">16 February 2008</date>
; and four adult males and one probable female to be catalogued in
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFD18FC4030457FC0" box="[753,853,980,1004]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q3sh-smdb" name="University dAntananarivo, Department de Biologie Animale" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">UADBA</collectionCode>
and here represented by their field numbers only:
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFF7EFC6333F87823" box="[151,232,1015,1039]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
5353, collected in the vicinities of Valbio research station by K. C. Wollenberg, P. Nürnberger, E. Rajeriarison and T. Rajoafiarison;
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFE3DFB88311D7818" box="[468,525,1052,1076]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
1849/2008 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFD4CFB8831E87818" box="[677,760,1052,1076]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
8152),
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFCB0FB8830827818" box="[857,914,1052,1076]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
1851/2008 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFBC3FB88376D7818" box="[1066,1149,1052,1076]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
8154),
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFB37FB8836077818" box="[1246,1303,1052,1076]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
1852/2008 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFF77FBAB33E1787B" box="[158,241,1087,1111]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
8187), and
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFE9CFBAB32BE787B" box="[373,430,1087,1111]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZSM</collectionCode>
1853/2008 (
<collectionCode id="C6BBAE414C36FFFFFDD3FBAB319D787B" box="[570,653,1087,1111]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">ZCMV</collectionCode>
8188) collected near Ambatolahy by K. C. Wollenberg on
<date id="D41410444C36FFFFFAF5FBAB32057850" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" value="2008-02-15" valueMax="2008-02-16" valueMin="2008-02-15">15–16 February 2008</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E8B0650F4C36FFFEFF2EFB1330307DE3" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A01536844C36FFFFFF2EFB13361F7978" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFF2EFB13322E788C" bold="true" box="[199,318,1159,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A member of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFD99FB1C3008788C" box="[624,792,1160,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFD99FB1C3008788C" box="[624,792,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFC4EFB1C375F788C" box="[935,1103,1160,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFC4EFB1C375F788C" box="[935,1103,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of (1) presence of intercalary elements between ultimate and penultimate phalanges of fingers and toes (verified by external examination), (2) small size (SVL below
<quantity id="67529B614C36FFFFFE17FB44315F78C4" box="[510,591,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
), (3) slightly enlarged terminal discs of fingers, (4) presence of outer metatarsal tubercle, (5) absence of webbing on hands and presence of only rudimentary webbing on feet, (6) tight connection of tissue surrounding the two lateral metatarsalia, (7) presence of femoral glands in males (
<figureCitation id="38912A014C36FFFFFB7EFA8C37CC791C" box="[1175,1244,1304,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1524,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,553,1502]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,553,1503]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Photographs of the femoral glands of preserved specimens of species of the Gephyromantis decaryi complex in internal view (after reflection of ventral skin of thigh). (a) G. decaryi (ZSM 2496 / 2007; field number ZCMV 5222), (b) G. v e rrucosus (ZSM 2505 / 2007; ZCMV 5438), (c) G. hintelmannae (ZSM 2501 / 2007; ZCMV 5231), and (d) G. sp. 7 (ZSM 2491 / 2007; ZCMV 5424). Scale bars represent 1 mm. Note the slightly larger size of the scale bar in b vs. a, illustrating the larger size of the gland in G. decaryi vs. G. verrucosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212858/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
), (8) presence of paired or bilobed blackish vocal sacs in males, (9) diurnal calling behavior not restricted to water bodies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A01536844C36FFFFFF20FAF432447A58" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">
Within the subgenus, distinguished from all other species by combination of (1) comparatively moderate size (male SVL
<quantity id="67529B614C36FFFFFEF3FA10328879B0" box="[282,408,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="25.0">25–28 mm</quantity>
), (2) dorsum with several larger tubercles; usually with presence of distinct inner and outer dorsolateral ridges which usually are continuous over a significant stretch and not merely rows of elongated tubercles, (3) upper lip with light gray (but not white or yellow) color interrupted by 2–4 dark brown markings, (4) lower lip ventrally without a distinct alternating series of brown and yellowish markings; (5) body slender, forelimbs and hindlimbs very long (tibiotarsal articulation reaching beyond snout tip when hindlimbs are adpressed along body), (6) calls consisting of a rather long series of&gt;30 notes of indistinctly pulsed structure with a low note repetition rate of 3.6–4.6/s.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A01536844C36FFFFFF20F91430D97B28" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">
Assigned to the group of species here informally defined as the
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFC77F91437B67AB4" box="[926,1190,1664,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFC77F91437B67AB4" box="[926,1190,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Gephyromantis decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex based on its molecular phylogenetic relationships (see above) and its advertisement call characters namely long series of notes with a low note repetition rate. For a morphological and bioacoustic comparison to the newly described species in the complex see the diagnoses of these species below,
<tableCitation id="ED28033F4C36FFFFFD11F978305B7B28" box="[760,843,1772,1796]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,235,152,173]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,365,470]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Numerical data of advertisement calls of species in the Gephyromantis decaryi complex. Duration of notes and intervals in milliseconds, given as mean ± standard deviation (minimum-maximum in parentheses), all based on measurements of 10 notes respectively intervals except data from Ranomafana (taken from Glaw &amp; Vences 2000; based on 44 notes and 43 intervals)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F4D5660C4C3DFFF4FF7EFF0C33EE7D25" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" tableUuid="F4D5660C4C3DFFF4FF7EFF0C33EE7D25">Table 2</tableCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="38912A014C36FFFFFC68F97830D57B28" box="[897,965,1772,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1094,1117]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1072]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1073]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphometric differentiation of specimens from Ranomafana (G. decaryi, open gray dots), from Ambohitsara (G. hintelmannae, filled gray dots), from Manombo (G. verrucosus, red filled dots), and Manakara (G. sp. 7, filled black dots). Polygonal shapes denote morphological differences among groups. A - G. verrucosus and G. sp. 7 differ in PCs 3 and 5; B – G. decaryi shows different PC 1 / SVL values as compared to all other species of the G. d e c a r y i complex. C – G. hintelmannae is well distinguished from G. sp. 7 by the residuals of TL and HL, but shows some overlap with specimens belonging to G. v e r r u - cosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/212854/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A01536844C36FFFFFF2EF88436477BF0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFF2EF88432947B04" bold="true" box="[199,388,1807,1832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Natural history.</emphasis>
Specimens were regularly observed calling from shrubs and fern vegetation at the edge of the rainforest. They were common in the vegetation along the main road near Valbio biological station and the entrance of Ranomafana National Park. Calling males were heard from low perches of ca.
<quantity id="67529B614C36FFFFFBA1F8CC37807B5C" box="[1096,1168,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
in ferns, but also from higher perches of
<quantity id="67529B614C36FFFFFE88F8E832FD7BB8" box="[353,493,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" unit="cm" value="125.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="100.0">100–150 cm</quantity>
above the ground. They typically called during the day, but calls were also heard at night. Reproduction and larval stages are unknown but the fact that calling males are not concentrated close to water bodies suggests a possible nidicolous reproduction as in other species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C36FFFFFB4DF85036407BF0" box="[1188,1360,1988,2012]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C36FFFFFB4DF85036407BF0" box="[1188,1360,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="44">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A01536844C37FFFEFF2EFF0337447D30" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C37FFFEFF2EFF0332AC7C9C" bold="true" box="[199,444,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">Advertisement calls.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C43B4B754C37FFFEFE2FFF0331C07C83" author="Glaw" box="[454,720,151,175]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" refString="Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2000) A new species of Mantidactylus from northeastern Madagascar (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) with resurrection of Mantidactylus blanci (Guibe, 1974). Spixiana, 23, 71 - 83." type="journal article" year="2000">Glaw &amp; Vences (2000)</bibRefCitation>
described the call of
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C37FFFEFC24FF0C37C77C9C" box="[973,1239,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C37FFFEFC24FF0C37C77C9C" box="[973,1239,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">Gephyromantis decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(under the name
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C37FFFEFF7EFF2832877CF8" box="[151,407,188,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Mantidactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decaryi">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C37FFFEFF7EFF2832877CF8" box="[151,407,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">Mantidactylus decaryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) based on recordings from
<date id="D41410444C37FFFEFD0DFF2830A47CF8" box="[740,948,188,212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" value="1996-02-26">26 February 1996</date>
at Ranomafana. Temporal data from this description are reproduced in
<tableCitation id="ED28033F4C37FFFEFE07FF4B31567CDB" box="[494,582,223,247]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,235,152,173]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,365,470]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Numerical data of advertisement calls of species in the Gephyromantis decaryi complex. Duration of notes and intervals in milliseconds, given as mean ± standard deviation (minimum-maximum in parentheses), all based on measurements of 10 notes respectively intervals except data from Ranomafana (taken from Glaw &amp; Vences 2000; based on 44 notes and 43 intervals)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F4D5660C4C3DFFF4FF7EFF0C33EE7D25" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" tableUuid="F4D5660C4C3DFFF4FF7EFF0C33EE7D25">Table 2</tableCitation>
. One call consisted of 44 notes, each peaking in intensity at its beginning. Fundamental frequency was 1450–1650 Hz, dominant frequency was 2950–3600 Hz.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A01536844C37FFFEFF7EFEB330307DE3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">
Own recordings from the campsite next to Valbio biological station (from specimen ZCMV 5585) largely agree with this previous description (see
<tableCitation id="ED28033F4C37FFFEFDCDFED831677D48" box="[548,631,332,356]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,235,152,173]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,365,470]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Numerical data of advertisement calls of species in the Gephyromantis decaryi complex. Duration of notes and intervals in milliseconds, given as mean ± standard deviation (minimum-maximum in parentheses), all based on measurements of 10 notes respectively intervals except data from Ranomafana (taken from Glaw &amp; Vences 2000; based on 44 notes and 43 intervals)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F4D5660C4C3DFFF4FF7EFF0C33EE7D25" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" tableUuid="F4D5660C4C3DFFF4FF7EFF0C33EE7D25">Table 2</tableCitation>
for temporal call data). Note repetition rate was 4.6/s. The notes had a very indistinctly pulsed structure, with 14–16 intensity peaks per note (n=3) that can be regarded as pulses. A fundamental frequency band was present at 1800–2000 Hz, dominant frequency ranges between 3000–4200 Hz, some low intensity components seemed to reach up to 8000 Hz.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E8B0650F4C37FFFEFF2EFE4F32537E73" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A01536844C37FFFEFF2EFE4F32537E73" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C37FFFEFF2EFE4F32707DD8" bold="true" box="[199,352,475,500]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</emphasis>
So far known from two geographically quite distant localities, Midongy du Sud (the
<typeStatus id="7F1188264C37FFFEFACDFE4936447DD9" box="[1316,1364,477,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
locality) and Ranomafana National Park. In Ranomafana, the species is locally common at mid-elevations (ca.
<quantity id="67529B614C37FFFEFF7EFDB032377E10" box="[151,295,548,572]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="825.0" valueMax="1050.0" valueMin="600.0">600–1050 m</quantity>
a.s.l.), but clearly has a more fragmented area of occupancy than other species of
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C37FFFEFB00FDB036857E10" box="[1257,1429,548,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C37FFFEFB00FDB036857E10" box="[1257,1429,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as
<taxonomicName id="67AA4D074C37FFFEFF06FDDC322C7E4C" box="[239,316,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="enki">
<emphasis id="92DEEA964C37FFFEFF06FDDC322C7E4C" box="[239,316,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="45">G. enki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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