194 lines
31 KiB
XML
194 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1038/s41467-022-34204-w" ID-GBIF-Dataset="78018b36-e0be-4bd2-9efb-ead93f0bc73b" ID-PMC="PMC9666559" ID-PubMed="36379946" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7346844" approvedBy="tatia" checkinTime="1669112309551" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Pates, Stephen, Botting, Joseph P., Muir, Lucy A. & Wolfe, Joanna M." docDate="2022" docId="03FD8143EC07FFACFCBCFF07FCEC9CF0" docLanguage="en" docName="NatCommun.13.6969.pdf" docOrigin="Nature Communications 13 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34204-w" docTitle="Mieridduryn bonniae Pates & Botting & Muir & Wolfe 2022, nov. gen. et sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="2" masterDocId="FFC4F93BEC06FFAEFFE2FFF0FFE99904" masterDocTitle="Ordovician opabiniid-like animals and the role of the proboscis in euarthropod head evolution" masterLastPageNumber="15" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1669115630990" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Ordovician opabiniid-like animals and the role of the proboscis in euarthropod head evolution</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pates, Stephen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sp587@cam.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Botting, Joseph P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China & Department of Natural Sciences, Amgueddfa Cymru — National Museum Wales, Cardiff, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Muir, Lucy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Natural Sciences, Amgueddfa Cymru — National Museum Wales, Cardiff, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wolfe, Joanna M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Nature Communications</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-11-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>15</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34204-w</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1038/s41467-022-34204-w</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">78018b36-e0be-4bd2-9efb-ead93f0bc73b</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC9666559</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">36379946</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7346844</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346852" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7346852" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD8143EC07FFACFCBCFF07FCEC9CF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD8143EC07FFACFCBCFF07FCEC9CF0" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection box="[862,1219,246,267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1497,132,296]" box="[862,1219,246,267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Pates & Botting & Muir & Wolfe, 2022" authorityName="Pates & Botting & Muir & Wolfe" authorityYear="2022" box="[862,1063,247,266]" family="Opabiniidae" genus="Mieridduryn" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonniae" status="nov. gen. et sp.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[862,1063,247,266]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mieridduryn bonniae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1069,1219,246,267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">nov. gen. et sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[862,1225,275,296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1497,132,296]" box="[862,1225,275,296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<figureCitation box="[862,971,275,296]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[106,135,1207,1224]" captionStartId-1="3.[106,135,1493,1510]" captionStartId-2="4.[106,135,1049,1066]" captionStartId-3="5.[106,135,1103,1120]" captionStartId-4="6.[106,135,1286,1303]" captionTargetBox-0="[135,1465,125,1190]" captionTargetBox-1="[142,1460,130,1463]" captionTargetBox-2="[143,1460,134,1025]" captionTargetBox-3="[147,1461,130,1076]" captionTargetBox-4="[142,1461,131,1262]" captionTargetId-0="graphics-455@2.[143,1424,655,1155]" captionTargetId-1="figure-278@3.[608,1077,510,892]" captionTargetId-2="figure-591@4.[519,897,490,848]" captionTargetId-3="figure-523@5.[521,898,507,886]" captionTargetId-4="figure-410@6.[518,896,507,885]" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionText-0="Fig. 1 | Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. from the Castle Bank Biota (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Overview of whole specimen. Boxes indicate areas depicted in Fig.2. b Explanatory drawing of (a). Dashed white line indicates ventralmost point of left dorsolateral flaps,and demonstrates the twisted nature of the specimen.Blue lines indicate filamentous setal structures.ds dorsal sclerite,gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap,ll left lobopod,mo mouth,pr proboscis,rf right dorsolateral flap, rl right lobopod, sr strengthening ray, sp dorsal spines on proboscis." captionText-1="Fig. 2 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth, gut, view of anterior details including spinous proboscis,mouth and gut. b Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays.c Explanatory drawing of (b). an annulations on proboscis, gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap, mo mouth,rf right dorsolateral flap, sb setal blades, sp spines on proboscis, sr strengthening rays." captionText-2="Fig. 3 | Details of proboscis of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) under different lighting conditions. a S8 microscope,cross-polarised light, stitched images, with contrast increased. b M125 microscope under high angle light. an annulation, sp spine." captionText-3="Fig. 4 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) photographed using fluorescence. a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth,and gut.b Dorsal sclerite.c Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays. d Proboscis with spines. ds dorsal sclerite, pr pro- boscis, sp spine, sr strengthening rays." captionText-4="Fig. 5 | Details of trunk of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Overview of trunk. b Details of left dorsolateral flap and associated setal blades. c, d details of lobopodous limbs with annulations and spines. an annulations on lobopodous limbs,lf left dorsolateral flap, ll left lobopodous limb, sb setal blade, sp spines on posterior margin of lobopodous limb." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346848" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346850" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346854" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346856" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346860" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7346848/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7346850/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7346854/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7346856/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7346860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Figures 1
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<emphasis box="[948,960,276,296]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">–</emphasis>
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5
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</figureCitation>
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, Supplementary
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<figureCitation box="[1138,1225,275,296]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[106,135,1493,1510]" captionStartId-1="4.[106,135,1049,1066]" captionStartId-2="5.[106,135,1103,1120]" captionTargetBox-0="[142,1460,130,1463]" captionTargetBox-1="[143,1460,134,1025]" captionTargetBox-2="[147,1461,130,1076]" captionTargetId-0="figure-278@3.[608,1077,510,892]" captionTargetId-1="figure-591@4.[519,897,490,848]" captionTargetId-2="figure-523@5.[521,898,507,886]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="Fig. 2 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth, gut, view of anterior details including spinous proboscis,mouth and gut. b Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays.c Explanatory drawing of (b). an annulations on proboscis, gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap, mo mouth,rf right dorsolateral flap, sb setal blades, sp spines on proboscis, sr strengthening rays." captionText-1="Fig. 3 | Details of proboscis of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) under different lighting conditions. a S8 microscope,cross-polarised light, stitched images, with contrast increased. b M125 microscope under high angle light. an annulation, sp spine." captionText-2="Fig. 4 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) photographed using fluorescence. a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth,and gut.b Dorsal sclerite.c Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays. d Proboscis with spines. ds dorsal sclerite, pr pro- boscis, sp spine, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346850" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346854" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346856" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7346850/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7346854/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7346856/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Figs. 2
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<emphasis box="[1200,1212,276,296]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">–</emphasis>
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4
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1497,332,410]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,927,332,352]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Etymology</emphasis>
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. After Bonnie Douel, niece of the site owners and fossil devotee; the family has followed and supported the research extensively since the discovery of the fauna.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="NMW" country="United Kingdom" location="Gilwern Volcanic Formation at Castle Bank" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="NMW.2021.3 G.7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Powys" typeStatus="holotype">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1496,446,496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,911,447,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<typeStatus box="[816,911,447,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<specimenCode box="[924,1083,446,467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">NMW.2021.3 G.7</specimenCode>
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known from part and counterpart. Counterpart preserves anterior portion only.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1497,532,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,1025,532,552]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Locality and horizon</emphasis>
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. Collected from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician,
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<taxonomicName authority="Biozone" authorityName="Biozone" box="[867,1214,560,581]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Dichograptidae" genus="Didymograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="murchisoni">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[867,1127,561,580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Didymograptusmurchisoni</emphasis>
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Biozone
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD8143EC07FFACFCBCFF07FCEC9CF0:8E8B668EEC07FFAFFB2BFDC0FC569B66" country="United Kingdom" name="Gilwern Volcanic Formation at Castle Bank" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Powys">Gilwern Volcanic Formation at Castle Bank</location>
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,
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<locationDeviation box="[967,1139,589,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">near Llandrindod</locationDeviation>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[1148,1210,589,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Powys</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingCountry box="[1221,1254,589,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">UK</collectingCountry>
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)
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<superScript attach="none" box="[1260,1292,586,598]" fontSize="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<bibRefCitation author="Botting, J. P." box="[1260,1274,586,598]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Geosci." pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="265 - 267" part="96" refId="ref9535" refString="33. Botting, J. P. Hexactins in the ' protomonaxonid' sponge Choiaella and proposal of Ascospongiae (class nov.) as a formal replacement for the Protomonaxonida. Bull. Geosci. 96, 265 - 267 (2021)." title="Hexactins in the ' protomonaxonid' sponge Choiaella and proposal of Ascospongiae (class nov.) as a formal replacement for the Protomonaxonida" type="journal article" year="2021">33</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Botting, J. P. & Ma, J." box="[1278,1292,586,598]" journalOrPublisher="Palaeoworld" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="621 - 632" part="31" refId="ref9580" refString="34. Botting, J. P. & Ma, J. A probable hyalonematid sponge (Hexactinellida: Amphidiscophora) from the Middle Ordovician of the Builth Inlier, Wales. Palaeoworld 31, 621 - 632 (2022)." title="A probable hyalonematid sponge (Hexactinellida: Amphidiscophora) from the Middle Ordovician of the Builth Inlier, Wales" type="journal article" year="2022">34</bibRefCitation>
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</superScript>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[816,1200,646,667]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1200,646,667]" box="[816,1200,646,667]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,915,646,666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. As for genus, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1498,703,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,934,704,724]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Description</emphasis>
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. NMW.2021.3 G.7 preserves the head region and anterior portion of the trunk (
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<figureCitation box="[1032,1086,732,753]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1207,1224]" captionTargetBox="[135,1465,125,1190]" captionTargetId="graphics-455@2.[143,1424,655,1155]" captionText="Fig. 1 | Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. from the Castle Bank Biota (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Overview of whole specimen. Boxes indicate areas depicted in Fig.2. b Explanatory drawing of (a). Dashed white line indicates ventralmost point of left dorsolateral flaps,and demonstrates the twisted nature of the specimen.Blue lines indicate filamentous setal structures.ds dorsal sclerite,gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap,ll left lobopod,mo mouth,pr proboscis,rf right dorsolateral flap, rl right lobopod, sr strengthening ray, sp dorsal spines on proboscis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346848/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). The specimen, which measures ~13 mm along the dorsal margin (not including proboscis), is twisted so that the anterior provides an oblique-lateral view, which becomes more oblique-ventral towards the posterior.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1498,703,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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The head region preserves evidence for a dorsal sclerite, annulated proboscis, and posterior-facing mouth composed of sclerotized plates.The dorsal sclerite (length ~2 mm) has a rounded lateral margin. The proboscis, which is a single structure and not an overlapping pair of appendages, measures ca. 3 mm along its dorsal margin, is annulated, curves ventrally, and displays slender spines at regular intervals (~0.2 mm spacing, one per two to four annulations) along its dorsal margin (
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<figureCitation box="[896,972,1046,1067]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[106,135,1493,1510]" captionTargetBox="[142,1460,130,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-278@3.[608,1077,510,892]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth, gut, view of anterior details including spinous proboscis,mouth and gut. b Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays.c Explanatory drawing of (b). an annulations on proboscis, gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap, mo mouth,rf right dorsolateral flap, sb setal blades, sp spines on proboscis, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346850/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 2a</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[979,990,1046,1067]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,1049,1066]" captionTargetBox="[143,1460,134,1025]" captionTargetId="figure-591@4.[519,897,490,848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3 | Details of proboscis of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) under different lighting conditions. a S8 microscope,cross-polarised light, stitched images, with contrast increased. b M125 microscope under high angle light. an annulation, sp spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346854/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[1001,1029,1046,1067]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[106,135,1103,1120]" captionTargetBox="[147,1461,130,1076]" captionTargetId="figure-523@5.[521,898,507,886]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) photographed using fluorescence. a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth,and gut.b Dorsal sclerite.c Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays. d Proboscis with spines. ds dorsal sclerite, pr pro- boscis, sp spine, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346856/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4d</figureCitation>
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, Supplementary
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<figureCitation box="[1190,1245,1046,1067]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[106,135,1493,1510]" captionTargetBox="[142,1460,130,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-278@3.[608,1077,510,892]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth, gut, view of anterior details including spinous proboscis,mouth and gut. b Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays.c Explanatory drawing of (b). an annulations on proboscis, gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap, mo mouth,rf right dorsolateral flap, sb setal blades, sp spines on proboscis, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346850/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). Evidence for a posteriorfacing mouth is provided by the gut trace, which twists ventrally where it connects to the mouth (
|
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<figureCitation box="[1090,1171,1103,1124]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[106,135,1493,1510]" captionTargetBox="[142,1460,130,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-278@3.[608,1077,510,892]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth, gut, view of anterior details including spinous proboscis,mouth and gut. b Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays.c Explanatory drawing of (b). an annulations on proboscis, gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap, mo mouth,rf right dorsolateral flap, sb setal blades, sp spines on proboscis, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346850/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1183,1210,1103,1124]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[106,135,1103,1120]" captionTargetBox="[147,1461,130,1076]" captionTargetId="figure-523@5.[521,898,507,886]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) photographed using fluorescence. a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth,and gut.b Dorsal sclerite.c Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays. d Proboscis with spines. ds dorsal sclerite, pr pro- boscis, sp spine, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346856/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4c</figureCitation>
|
||
, Supplementary
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1381,1440,1103,1124]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,1049,1066]" captionTargetBox="[143,1460,134,1025]" captionTargetId="figure-591@4.[519,897,490,848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3 | Details of proboscis of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) under different lighting conditions. a S8 microscope,cross-polarised light, stitched images, with contrast increased. b M125 microscope under high angle light. an annulation, sp spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346854/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mouth is ~0.4 mm in diameter and preserves evidence for small, lightly sclerotized plates subequal in size (Supplementary
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1362,1426,1160,1181]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[106,135,1103,1120]" captionTargetBox="[147,1461,130,1076]" captionTargetId="figure-523@5.[521,898,507,886]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) photographed using fluorescence. a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth,and gut.b Dorsal sclerite.c Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays. d Proboscis with spines. ds dorsal sclerite, pr pro- boscis, sp spine, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346856/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Plate boundaries are most visible at the anterior and posterior of the ring; the left and right sides display greater disarticulation and are less complete (Supplementary
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1078,1135,1246,1267]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[106,135,1103,1120]" captionTargetBox="[147,1461,130,1076]" captionTargetId="figure-523@5.[521,898,507,886]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) photographed using fluorescence. a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth,and gut.b Dorsal sclerite.c Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays. d Proboscis with spines. ds dorsal sclerite, pr pro- boscis, sp spine, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346856/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1498,703,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
The trunk bears two sets of appendages: dorsolateral flaps and ventral lobopodous limbs. Flaps intersect with faint curved boundaries, interpreted as the body margin, and display a subrectangular outline with rounded margins (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1119,1187,1360,1381]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[106,135,1286,1303]" captionTargetBox="[142,1461,131,1262]" captionTargetId="figure-410@6.[518,896,507,885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5 | Details of trunk of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Overview of trunk. b Details of left dorsolateral flap and associated setal blades. c, d details of lobopodous limbs with annulations and spines. an annulations on lobopodous limbs,lf left dorsolateral flap, ll left lobopodous limb, sb setal blade, sp spines on posterior margin of lobopodous limb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Flaps decrease in size towards the posterior (lf1 measures ~3 mm along its long axis, lf3 ~2 mm). Although most flaps display a smooth external surface, the anteriormost flaps provide evidence for internal linear features, interpreted as strengthening rays (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1008,1108,1474,1495]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[106,135,1493,1510]" captionTargetBox="[142,1460,130,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-278@3.[608,1077,510,892]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth, gut, view of anterior details including spinous proboscis,mouth and gut. b Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays.c Explanatory drawing of (b). an annulations on proboscis, gu gut, lf left dorsolateral flap, mo mouth,rf right dorsolateral flap, sb setal blades, sp spines on proboscis, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346850/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs.2b, c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1115,1142,1474,1495]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[106,135,1103,1120]" captionTargetBox="[147,1461,130,1076]" captionTargetId="figure-523@5.[521,898,507,886]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4 | Details of anterior of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7) photographed using fluorescence. a Anterior of the head region including proboscis,mouth,and gut.b Dorsal sclerite.c Mouth and anterior flaps with strengthening rays. d Proboscis with spines. ds dorsal sclerite, pr pro- boscis, sp spine, sr strengthening rays." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346856/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4c</figureCitation>
|
||
). These are visible in the left anterior flap, which has been split obliquely, revealing interior structures. The strengthening rays run parallel to the long axis of the flap and cover most of the flap width. Both anterior flaps display a darker region that covers most of the surface facing the body midline. This darker region preserves fine lines that run perpendicular to the strengthening rays, interpreted as setal structures. Additional setal structures protrude from underneath the posterior margins of other flaps (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1416,1486,1674,1695]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[106,135,1286,1303]" captionTargetBox="[142,1461,131,1262]" captionTargetId="figure-410@6.[518,896,507,885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5 | Details of trunk of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Overview of trunk. b Details of left dorsolateral flap and associated setal blades. c, d details of lobopodous limbs with annulations and spines. an annulations on lobopodous limbs,lf left dorsolateral flap, ll left lobopodous limb, sb setal blade, sp spines on posterior margin of lobopodous limb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Towards the posterior, the body is twisted and the swimming flaps become preserved more obliquely. This reveals a second ventral series of lobopodous limbs (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1033,1125,1760,1781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[106,135,1286,1303]" captionTargetBox="[142,1461,131,1262]" captionTargetId="figure-410@6.[518,896,507,885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5 | Details of trunk of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Overview of trunk. b Details of left dorsolateral flap and associated setal blades. c, d details of lobopodous limbs with annulations and spines. an annulations on lobopodous limbs,lf left dorsolateral flap, ll left lobopodous limb, sb setal blade, sp spines on posterior margin of lobopodous limb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 5c, d</figureCitation>
|
||
). These limbs are triangular in outline and display lineations that run perpendicular to the long axis, interpreted as annuli. Spines protrude from the posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[822,914,1846,1867]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[106,135,1286,1303]" captionTargetBox="[142,1461,131,1262]" captionTargetId="figure-410@6.[518,896,507,885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5 | Details of trunk of Mieridduryn bonniae nov. gen. et sp. (NMW.2021.3 G.7). a Overview of trunk. b Details of left dorsolateral flap and associated setal blades. c, d details of lobopodous limbs with annulations and spines. an annulations on lobopodous limbs,lf left dorsolateral flap, ll left lobopodous limb, sb setal blade, sp spines on posterior margin of lobopodous limb." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7346860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7346860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 5c, d</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[816,1497,1903,1981]" lastBlockId="2.[106,786,1360,1581]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,905,1903,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The unique combination of characters, including some previously considered exclusive to opabiniids (annulated proboscis) and radiodonts (dorsal spines on the protocerebral appendage) supports the erection of a new genus and species. Phylogenetic analyses support
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Pates & Botting & Muir & Wolfe, 2022" authorityName="Pates & Botting & Muir & Wolfe" authorityYear="2022" box="[244,446,1390,1409]" family="Opabiniidae" genus="Mieridduryn" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonniae" status="nov. gen. et sp.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[244,446,1390,1409]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mieridduryn bonniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[452,605,1389,1410]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">nov. gen. et sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
as the most stemwardmember of the euarthropodstem lineage thatbears dorsal spines on the protocerebral appendage and dorsolateral flaps with strengthening rays, and most crownward member to exhibit lobopodous ventral limbs (further remarks in Supplementary Information).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |