162 lines
18 KiB
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162 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.536.5982" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f3546db1-d96a-40d8-ac8c-fe806547f201" ID-PMC="PMC4714036" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-536-1" ID-PubMed="26798233" ID-ZBK="A8B92CDD0B8C4384AAC559648BB45AA5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-536-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 536" ModsDocTitle="The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini)" checkinTime="1451243741663" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2015" docId="DE9263055AFBDE91A6E854BB936013F6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 536: 1-92" docOrigin="ZooKeys 536" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.536.5982" docTitle="Pterostichus (Circinatus) tumulus Shi & Liang, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="0F976BFE-1BC4-45E5-BB2D-FEA080B20B5B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FFEAFF976442467ED413FFC17531FF81" masterDocTitle="The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini)" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668160951778" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>536</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.536.5982</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.536.5982</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-536-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">A8B92CDD0B8C4384AAC559648BB45AA5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A8B92CDD0B8C4384AAC559648BB45AA5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152063162" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0F976BFE-1BC4-45E5-BB2D-FEA080B20B5B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE9263055AFBDE91A6E854BB936013F6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/0F976BFE-1BC4-45E5-BB2D-FEA080B20B5B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus) tumulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus" subGenus="Circinatus">Pterostichus (Circinatus) tumulus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="18" pageNumber="19">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 20, 32, 55, 83, 105, 125
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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locality.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Guizhou: Fanjingshan Mt. (ca.
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="27.9">N27.90°</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="108.7">E108.70°</geoCoordinate>
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), altitude 1780 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Holotype (IZAS): male, body length 13.7 mm, pin mounted, genitalia dissected and glued on plastic film pinned under specimen, "CHINA, Guizhou / Fanjing Shan, / 1780 m, 2001.8.1"; "Liang H.B. leg. / Institute of Zoology / Chinese Acad. Sci."; "HOLOTYPE ♂/ Pterostichus (Circinatus) / tumulus new species / des. SHI H.L. 2015" [red label]. Paratype, a total of 1 female: 1 female (IZAS): "CHINA, Guizhou, Jiangkou, / Fanjing Mt. S. Slope, 4500-/ 5300 steps, 1778-1973 m /
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.9018">N27.90180</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="108.70372">E108.70372</geoCoordinate>
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-/
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.90784">N27.90784</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="108.70052">E108.70052</geoCoordinate>
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"; "2012.VIII.25 night, on tree / trunk, broadleaf forest, SHI / Hongliang, HUANG Xinlei, / LIU Yizhou leg. IOZ, CAS /
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<normalizedToken originalValue="梵净山4500–5300步”">梵净山4500-5300步"</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pronotum with single mid-lateral seta; posterior seta distant from hind angle; pronotum strongly narrowed to base, hind angle forming obtuse angle, lateral margin slightly sinuate before hind angle; elytral microsculpture distinct, approx isodiametric; males with one elongate large tubercle on terminal sternum; fifth tarsomeres glabrous beneath.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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The sp. n. differs from other species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
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in having the pronotal hind angle not completely rounded, forming an obtuse angle, except for four species (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus baenningeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baenningeri">Pterostichus baenningeri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus maitreya" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maitreya">Pterostichus maitreya</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus ailaoicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ailaoicus">Pterostichus ailaoicus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus wangjiani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wangjiani">Pterostichus wangjiani</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.), which also have the hind angle more or less obtuse. But
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus tumulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus">Pterostichus tumulus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. can be easily distinguished from latter four species by: (1) pronotal posterior seta distant from hind angle (very close to hind angle in latter four species); (2) elytral microsculpture distinct, almost isodiametric (very faint and linear in latter four species except for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus wangjiani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wangjiani">Pterostichus wangjiani</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.); (3) males with one large tubercle on terminal sternum (different characters in latter four species).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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In Fanjingshan Mt.,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus tumulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus">Pterostichus tumulus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is sympatric with and almost the same size as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus maitreya" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maitreya">Pterostichus maitreya</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., but they can be easily separated by characters listed above.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Body form a little elongate, body length = 13.7-13.8 mm; dorsal side blackish, moderately shining, elytron without iridescent shine; mouthparts, antenna, tarsus, apex of tibia dark brown; ventral side blackish. Elytral microsculpture distinct, isodiametric or slightly transverse. Head. Frons without punctures; antenna reaching elytron basal eighth; gena shorter than length of eye, briefly tumid behind eye. Pronotum strongly narrowed to base, lateral margin curved in middle, slightly sinuate before hind angle, widest at approx anterior third; posterior margin much narrower than anterior margin; PW/PL = 1.17-1.18. One mid-lateral seta present, located at greatest width; posterior seta distant from hind angle, distance between seta and hind angle approx equal to distance between hind angle and inner basal foveal groove; hind angle distinct, forming obtuse angle; lateral margin slightly elevated near hind angle. Basal fovea moderately deep but not well defined; inner groove subparallel to median
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">line</pageBreakToken>
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, almost straight near posterior margin; outer groove faint but present, shallowly engraved near hind angle, approx one third length of inner one; outer area of inner groove deeply depressed; basal foveal area without punctures. Elytron oviform, with basal ridge almost straight; elytral shoulder a little widened, shoulder angle between basal ridge and lateral margin forming indistinct obtuse angle, humeral tooth small but present; intervals feebly convex; striae moderately deep, without punctures; scutellar stria long, apex free; third interval with two setigerous pores adjacent to second stria; umbilical pore series on ninth interval sparse in middle, composed of 16-17 pores (6, 1, 9-10). Ventral side. Proepisternum almost impunctate, very sparsely punctate near posterior margin; mesepisternum and metepisternum densely and finely punctate. Male terminal sternum with an elongate tubercle on middle, tubercle apex rounded and impunctate; tubercle gradually turned into a short ridge at approx apical two fifths of sternum; ridge not reaching apex of sternum, region after it with fine longitudinal wrinkles (Fig. 125). Legs. Fifth tarsomeres glabrous beneath; males with apical half of mesotibia slightly widened, inner margin crenulate; first metatarsomere with distinct carina on outer surface, such carina on basal half of second metatarsomere superficial. Male genitalia. Median lobe of male genitalia bent approx 90 degrees, apex abruptly bent ventrally (Fig. 32A); ventral margin straight in middle, then sinuate; dorsal margin gradually curved; apical orifice large, slightly turned to left side, opened on ventral side; in lateral view, apical lamella laminate with base slightly thickened, distinctly sinuate and turned dorsally, its length approx one sixth length of apical orifice; in dorsal view, apical lamella on right side of aedeagal apex, pointing apically, slightly oriented to left side; apical lamella short, roundish, widened to apex, apex rounded, its base grooved on dorsal surface; length of apical lamella approx 1.2 times its basal width (Fig. 32B). Right paramere straight and narrow, nearly digitiform, apical half only slightly enlarged and then gradually narrowed to apex, apex narrowly rounded; length approx 3.7 times greatest width (Fig. 32C). Endophallus not studied. Female genitalia. Spermatheca (Fig. 55) with seminal canal approx two times as long as receptaculum; receptaculum clavate, gradually expanded to apex; seminal canal inserted at base of common oviduct, base of seminal canal strongly sclerotized. Stylomere II with two ensiform setae near middle of outer margin, and a smaller one near middle of inner margin; two short nematiform setae located in a furrow near apex. Female sternum VIII (Fig. 83B) short and wide, approx evenly chitinized, without denser pigmentation; posterior margin with sparse fine setae, notched in middle; anterior margin deeply notched in middle; middle transparent region wide and V-shaped, adjacent to anterior notch in middle. Female tergum VIII (Fig. 83A) with major portion well chitinized, with irregular fine spots, a narrow region along posterior margin less chitinized; anterior margin weakly notched in middle, posterior margin slightly arcuate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">This species is known only from Fanjingshan Mt. in Guizhou Province (Map 1). The altitude range is approx 1778-1973 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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The scientific name comes from a Latin noun
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“tumulus”">"tumulus"</normalizedToken>
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, which means small hill, referring the male of new species with a tubercle on terminal sternum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="affinities">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">Affinities</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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In
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus tumulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus">Pterostichus tumulus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., the aedeagus is very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus baenningeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baenningeri">Pterostichus baenningeri</taxonomicName>
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, and the new species is assumed to be close to this and related species (listed in Table 1). These species all have the small apical lamella located on the right side of the median lobe apex and grooved on the dorsal surface. However,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus tumulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus">Pterostichus tumulus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. differs from the other species because of the position of posterior pronotal seta, elytral microsculpture, male terminal sternum character, and shape of the receptaculum. These characters suggest an intermediate position for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus tumulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus">Pterostichus tumulus</taxonomicName>
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between
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus baenningeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baenningeri">Pterostichus baenningeri</taxonomicName>
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and some species from northern Yunnan, such as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus dimorphus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Pterostichus dimorphus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus tumulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus">Pterostichus tumulus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. was collected together with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus maitreya" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maitreya">Pterostichus maitreya</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. from mid-high altitude mixed forest in Fanjingshan Mountain, but seems rarer.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |