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<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801163" approvalRequired="6" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="6" checkinTime="1680678526992" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pacheco, Thaynara L. &amp; Ahrens, Dirk" docDate="2023" docId="03FAC710AD1E72468C96FB2BFA20F4BA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5263.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5263 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Symmela marcelae Pacheco &amp; Ahrens 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="FFC3BF68AD1E72448C01FFE3FFBDF059" masterDocTitle="Addendum to the revision of the South American genus Symmela Erichson, 1835 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Sericini): a further new species from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="297" pageNumber="297" updateTime="1680678954416" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Addendum to the revision of the South American genus Symmela Erichson, 1835 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Sericini): a further new species from Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pacheco, Thaynara L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9503-7751</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, Germany &amp; thay. lpacheco @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9503 - 7751</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">thay.lpacheco@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ahrens, Dirk</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-3524-7153</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, Germany &amp; ahrens. dirk _ col @ gmx. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3524 - 7153</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ahrens.dirk_col@gmx.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-04-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5263</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>297</mods:start>
<mods:end>300</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.8</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5263.2.8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7801163</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAC710AD1E72468C96FB2BFA20F4BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAC710AD1E72468C96FB2BFA20F4BA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<subSubSection box="[151,777,1224,1251]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="0.[151,1437,1224,2042]" box="[151,777,1224,1251]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,777,1224,1251]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,777,1224,1251]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicName authority="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityName="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,620,1224,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marcelae" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,380,1224,1251]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Symmela marcelae</emphasis>
Pacheco &amp; Ahrens
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[633,777,1224,1251]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[151,240,1262,1287]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="0.[151,1437,1224,2042]" box="[151,240,1262,1287]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<figureCitation box="[151,240,1262,1287]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[231,1360,196,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[210,1378,180,1918]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symmela marcelae Pacheco &amp; Ahrens, new species, holotype ♁; A) Habitus, lateral view; B) habitus, dorsal view; C) head, dorsal view; DE) aedeagus, dorsal view, F) aedeagus, lateral view. Scales bars: AB, 1 mm; CF, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801165/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Figure 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="0.[151,1437,1224,2042]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,437,1298,1323]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" reason="1">Type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectionCode="R, MNHN" collectorName="Ch. Pujol" location="Cachimbo Prov." pageId="0" pageNumber="297" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[446,549,1298,1322]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Holotype</typeStatus>
: ♁ “
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAC710AD1E72468C96FB2BFA20F4BA:8E8C20DDAD1E72448E56FAF1FCB5F573" box="[599,776,1298,1322]" name="Cachimbo Prov." pageId="0" pageNumber="297" stateProvince="Bahia">Cachimbo Prov.</location>
de
<collectingRegion box="[817,879,1298,1322]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Bahia</collectingRegion>
<collectorName box="[888,991,1298,1322]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Ch. Pujol</collectorName>
1890/ Muséum Paris
<collectionCode box="[1233,1254,1299,1322]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">R</collectionCode>
. Oberthür 1952” (
<collectionCode box="[159,247,1335,1359]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">MNHN</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="0.[151,1437,1224,2042]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,475,1370,1395]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" reason="1">
Description of
<typeStatus box="[371,471,1371,1395]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Length:
<quantity box="[575,662,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
. Elytral length:
<quantity box="[838,925,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
. Width:
<quantity box="[1018,1105,1371,1395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
. Body entirely yellow, surface shiny, dorsal surface glabrous, head and pronotum without cupreous iridescent shine. Labroclypeus as wide as frons, subtrapezoidal; surface weakly convex; without an anterior concavity on each side; anterior margin straight, strongly reflexed, with a rim of sparse setae behind anterior margin; lateral margin not incised anteriorly; punctation of surface anteriorly almost missing, posteriorly moderately dense; suture between labrum and clypeus indistinct. Smooth area in front of eye indistinctly separated from frons. Frons anteriorly with a concave impression on each side, punctation even and dense. Ocular canthus with terminal setae, ratio length of ocular canthus/eye diameter: 1/3. Eyes evenly spherical, ratio diameter/interocular width: 0.91. Antenna missing in
<typeStatus box="[773,870,1622,1646]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">holotype</typeStatus>
. Labrum anteriorly bluntly angled each side, concave at middle. Mentum anteriorly weakly emarginate, setae moderately dense.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="0.[151,1437,1224,2042]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Pronotum iridescent shiny; widest from middle to base, subequal in width compared to width of elytral base at humerus; anterior marginal line robust, not interrupted medially; basal margin evenly curved, basal marginal line fine but complete; lateral margins not serrated, weakly evenly convex, in basal half almost straight and subparallel; setae of lateral margin completely lacking; transverse impression beside basal margin absent; anterior angles produced, sharply pointed; anterolateral and posterolateral angles not flattened dorsoventrally; posterior angles blunt; surface without median longitudinal impression, transversal furrows or setae; punctation on disc dense, simple and fine, without well-defined impunctate areas. Scutellum dull, with fine, sparse punctures.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="0.[151,1437,1224,2042]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Elytra unicolored yellow; surface shiny, partly iridescent, without setae and microsculpture; striae and intervals distinct; punctation between striae sparse, diameter of punctures smaller compared to those of striae; intervals flat; apical margin convex and chitinous, without microtrichomes.</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801165" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7801165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801165/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" startId="1.[152,255,1943,1967]" targetBox="[231,1360,196,1903]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,280,1943,1967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityName="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityYear="2023" box="[286,673,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marcelae" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[286,476,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Symmela marcelae</emphasis>
Pacheco &amp; Ahrens
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[682,806,1944,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype ♁; A) Habitus, lateral view; B) habitus, dorsal view; C) head, dorsal view; DE) aedeagus, dorsal view, F) aedeagus, lateral view. Scales bars: AB, 1 mm; CF, 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Abdomen: sternites flat in sagittal plane; lateral carina absent; first ventrite with row of setae in posterior edge on an elevated carina; second ventrite with row of setae in medial region; basal ventrites along midline half as long as laterally; ultimate and penultimate ventrites simple and flat; ultimate ventrite short (as long as precedent ventrite); penultimate ventrite with row of setae as precedent ventrite; beside the robust row of setae, almost glabrous. Pygidium strongly convex.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
Legs yellow. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.32. Metacoxa entirely smooth, without elevated lateral longitudinal carina; laterally and on base with longer setae, posterior margin glabrous. Metafemur at posterior margin evenly weakly convex. Metatibia widest at apex; ratio of width/length: 1/2.7; dorsal margin not carinate, smooth; interior face more-or-less glabrous; median longitudinal punctation on interior face present; interior margin of apex sharply and deeply truncate towards ventral margin; punctation on entire lateral face fine and dense; beside dorsal margin without a row of robust setae along entire length; basal group of spines reduced to a single robust spine; distal groups of spines disposed at two thirds of metatibia length; ventral margin not serrate. Dorsal surface of tarsi glabrous, with dense punctures. Length ratio dorsal tibial spur/first metatarsomere: 1/2. Metatarsi at apex weakly widened; first tarsomere straight, its length subequal to second and third tarsomeres combined, not carinate laterally; ventral margin serrate and glabrous; medial face glabrous. Protibia with two distinct lateral teeth; tibial spur straight. Protarsomeres entirely lacking in
<typeStatus pageId="2" pageNumber="299">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,968]" box="[199,709,691,716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
Habitus:
<figureCitation box="[296,439,691,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[231,1360,196,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[210,1378,180,1918]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symmela marcelae Pacheco &amp; Ahrens, new species, holotype ♁; A) Habitus, lateral view; B) habitus, dorsal view; C) head, dorsal view; DE) aedeagus, dorsal view, F) aedeagus, lateral view. Scales bars: AB, 1 mm; CF, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801165/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Figure 1AC</figureCitation>
. Aedeagus:
<figureCitation box="[567,706,691,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[231,1360,196,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[210,1378,180,1918]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symmela marcelae Pacheco &amp; Ahrens, new species, holotype ♁; A) Habitus, lateral view; B) habitus, dorsal view; C) head, dorsal view; DE) aedeagus, dorsal view, F) aedeagus, lateral view. Scales bars: AB, 1 mm; CF, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7801165/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Figure 1DF</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,968]" box="[199,391,727,751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Female unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,316,763,787]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityName="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityYear="2023" box="[322,729,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marcelae" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[322,522,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Symmela marcelae</emphasis>
Pacheco &amp; Ahrens
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[738,869,763,787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, differs from all other species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[1217,1313,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1217,1313,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Symmela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its large body size (
<quantity box="[271,358,799,823]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
, most other species usually smaller than
<quantity box="[808,895,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="7.2">7.2 mm</quantity>
), the uniformly yellow body color with its shinyiridescent integument, and by the shape of the parameres, which are elongate and narrow and basally fused with the subparameres producing a large, interiorly directed basal lobe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,328,908,932]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" reason="1">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after Marcela L. Monné Freire (Museu Nacional,
<collectingRegion box="[1098,1255,907,931]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[1266,1333,907,931]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Brazil</collectingCountry>
) (noun in genitive case), as a big thank you for all the help and support to T.L.P. during her thesis research.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="key">
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1358,1015,1040]" box="[151,1358,1015,1040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,206,1016,1040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Key:</emphasis>
This species can be separated from others by modifying couplet 8 of
<bibRefCitation author="Pacheco, T. L. &amp; Wipfler, B. &amp; Monne, M. L. &amp; Ahrens, D." box="[949,1188,1015,1039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" pagination="607 - 705" refId="ref2145" refString="Pacheco, T. L., Wipfler, B., Monne, M. L. &amp; Ahrens, D. (2022 d) The genus Symmela Erichson, 1835 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini): taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Natural History, 56, 607 - 705. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2022.2084649" type="journal article" year="2022">
Pacheco
<emphasis box="[1044,1098,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">et al.</emphasis>
(2022d)
</bibRefCitation>
key as follows:
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,1082,1251]" box="[151,1436,1082,1105]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
8. Parameres half as long as phallobase excluding basal apodeme...........................
<taxonomicName authority="Erichson, 1835" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[1161,1436,1082,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1161,1436,1082,1104]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1161,1278,1082,1104]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">S. mutabilis</emphasis>
Erichson, 1835
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,1082,1251]" box="[151,1437,1112,1134]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">- Parameres almost subequal in length to phallobase excluding basal apodeme..................................... 8a</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,1082,1251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
8a Subparameres fused medially. Phallobase not widened at middle (lateral view)............................................................................................
<taxonomicName authority="Pacheco, Wipfler, Monne, and Ahrens, 2022" authorityName="Pacheco, Wipfler, Monne, and Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[880,1436,1170,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerlini">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[880,1436,1170,1192]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[880,984,1170,1192]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">S. guerlini</emphasis>
Pacheco, Wipfler, Monné, and Ahrens, 2022
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1437,1082,1251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
- Subparameres separated medially. Phallobase strongly widened at middle (lateral view).............................................................................................
<emphasis bold="true" box="[995,1437,1229,1251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<taxonomicName authority="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityName="Pacheco &amp; Ahrens" authorityYear="2023" box="[995,1308,1229,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marcelae" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[995,1112,1229,1251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">S. marcelae</emphasis>
Pacheco &amp; Ahrens
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1318,1437,1229,1251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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