plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/FD/A1/03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

557 lines
79 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="C25B2C63C818AF35C49D42D1DD435081" ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.052.0212" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342930" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1683579859550" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H." docDate="2011" docId="03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.52.2.391-456.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 52 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.052.0212" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Curtonotum pauliani : Tsacas 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="428" masterDocId="FFC4D96DFFD2B353EA609A53FFD6FFC7" masterDocTitle="A revision of Afrotropical Quasimodo flies (Diptera: Schizophora; Curtonotidae). Part III - the Malagasy species of Curtonotum Macquart, with descriptions of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="391" masterPageNumber="391" pageNumber="425" updateTime="1694657771552" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="4E6262ADDF77CD5334ED9218310B3BCC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="46795CE42FAC787E22A07A5B9291142F">
<mods:title id="234484C40B1CB3136BFD7BB3BA0E3449">A revision of Afrotropical Quasimodo flies (Diptera: Schizophora; Curtonotidae). Part III - the Malagasy species of Curtonotum Macquart, with descriptions of six new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="534EAC7BB51C1139D09AD12F3C6A7D89" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7896E2324CC547CB797161309554530B">
<mods:roleTerm id="6D273A36156CA07644DBA92B94565045">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E0B79349004430C88E0D2D4B7F1F735B">Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E69B94C081F8E839C0F0B4E6964DCD49">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B86CAA5E8E47476A8C7024B72D8C2C3C" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="472F8E2B0AECD920EE95184232C89EBF">
<mods:title id="F1F004AD2A5553BAA70D73F2D3C0209C">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="DE08CC38E600A02BD5F309BAEC4A3C97">
<mods:date id="FA90644A3F79E1AAADF812580B06F062">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="ADB43E230654FFB22A3DAD7C255AAA67" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="87E21C0AA09E21F8A987D37C86EACB5D">2011-12-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1E0DE0F5BA9304752995234523F4AFAD" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5989D67DD1AB07B09EC4BFC4393BE722">52</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="21267B5D463C67D78D4DFFF90F6AEB7A" type="issue">
<mods:number id="3C9640E2FE45135E9ABB0D4DCB1158BF">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B8523A04AB253037477CAC0D6DBD6482" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DD73A320734D7CD2619452088FB71362">391</mods:start>
<mods:end id="0640556F183460730AE25FAAE5697686">391</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="3569ADCCB014AC9B5E80C82A56920CD6">
<mods:url id="5B262A5EB245C789DA23B59748A23E31">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.052.0212</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="A0B8072A64373616B187BDD6C0FEC8EC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E8046DB4AC4F41631B570DE92F09E44B" type="DOI">10.5733/afin.052.0212</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EA41602FEF42C32E7816890C0118CCC9" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="05F964DDE3ADF9BEECED3976A2D1695B" type="Zenodo-Dep">8342930</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFF0B371EBCE9EDFFCE7FB61" box="[430,817,1164,1190]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B371EBCE9EDFFCE7FB61" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" box="[430,817,1164,1190]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
<heading id="D0A3A76FFFF0B371EBCE9EDFFCE7FB61" box="[430,817,1164,1190]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF0B371EBCE9EDFFCE7FB61" ID-CoL="32KZB" ID-ENA="1263445" authority="Tsacas, 1974" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[430,817,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371EBCE9EDFFD4CFB61" box="[430,666,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">Curtonotum pauliani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC56DF2FFF0B371E8C19EDFFCE7FB61" author="TSACAS, L." box="[673,817,1164,1190]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" pagination="703 - 719" refId="ref45946" refString="TSACAS, L. 1974. Etude preliminaire des Curtonotidae de Madagascar [Diptera]. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 10: 703 - 719." type="journal article" year="1974">Tsacas, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFF0B371EBCC9EE7FCE5FB09" box="[428,819,1203,1230]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B371EBCC9EE7FCE5FB09" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" box="[428,819,1203,1230]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF0B371EBCC9EE7FDD7FB09" box="[428,513,1204,1230]" captionStart="Figs 9–13" captionStartId="14.[144,183,1582,1604]" captionTargetBox="[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-112@14.[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 9–13. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (9) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (10) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (11) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (12) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (13) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342936/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF0B371E86D9EE0FDFDFB09" box="[525,555,1203,1230]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">25</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF0B371E8579EE7FD83FB09" box="[567,597,1204,1230]" captionStart="Figs 27–39" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[154,1092,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[151,1096,206,1464]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 27–39. Wing of Curtonotum spp., males, unless otherwise stated: (27) C. keiseri, N-T, Joffreville, TAU; (28) C. stuckenbergi, ♀ AT, Ambohitantely, NMSA; (29) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, NMSA; (30) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (31) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (32) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (33) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (34) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (35) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (36) C. boeny, ♀ PT,Ambata­Boeni, MNHN; (37) C. griveaudi sp. n., N-T, Sambava Beach, TAU; (38) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (39) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342940/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">38</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF0B371E8019EE7FD05FB09" box="[609,723,1203,1230]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">48, 51, 54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF0B371E8BF9EE7FD28FB09" box="[735,766,1204,1230]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">90</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF0B371E9699EE7FCE5FB09" box="[777,819,1204,1230]" captionStart="Figs 102–104" captionStartId="53.[181,220,764,786]" captionTargetBox="[189,1134,204,744]" captionTargetId="figure-351@53.[189,1134,204,744]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figs 102–104. Distribution of Malagasy Curtonotom spp.: (102) C. griveaudi sp. n.; (103) C. pauliani; (104) C. sakalava. See Figs 92–101 for vegetation key." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342962/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">103</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFF0B371EAF09E89FEADFACF" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B371EAF09E89FB99FB37" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" box="[144,1103,1242,1264]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44372DFFF0B371EAF09E89FB99FB37" box="[144,1103,1242,1264]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF53612FFF0B371EAF09E89FDD4FB37" author="TSACAS, L." box="[144,514,1242,1264]" page="715" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" year="1974">
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF0B371EAF09E89FDD4FB37" ID-CoL="32KZB" authority=": Tsacas, 1974: 715" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityPageNumber="715" authorityYear="1974" box="[144,514,1242,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371EAF09E89FE99FB28" box="[144,335,1242,1263]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">Curtonotum pauliani</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFC56DF2FFF0B371EB3B9E89FDD4FB37" author="TSACAS, L." box="[347,514,1242,1264]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" pagination="703 - 719" refId="ref45946" refString="TSACAS, L. 1974. Etude preliminaire des Curtonotidae de Madagascar [Diptera]. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 10: 703 - 719." type="journal article" year="1974">Tsacas, 1974: 715</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
; figs 7a–d (p. 716), fig. 8b (p. 718).
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF0B371E92F9E89FCAAFB28" box="[847,892,1242,1263]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">Type</typeStatus>
locality: [
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF0B371E9B89E89FB9CFB37" box="[984,1098,1242,1264]" name="Madagascar" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
]
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B371EA909EA1FEADFACF" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" box="[240,379,1266,1288]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">“Nosy Mitsio”.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFF0B376EAF09F45FE53FD0D" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B371EAF09F45FE89F9D7" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
Differential diagnosis: This species is most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF0B371E9319F44FC29FAF7" authorityName="Duda" authorityYear="1935" box="[849,1023,1302,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuthbertsoni">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371E9319F44FCB2FAF6" box="[849,868,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371E9139F45FC29FAF7" box="[883,1023,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">cuthbertsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and to a complex of seven, as yet undescribed species, all occurring in the continental Afrotropical Region.All possess one or more basomedial spines on the dorsal margin of the distiphallus. The Madagascan species,
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF0B371E82B9F24FCF1FA56" authority="Tsacas" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[587,807,1398,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakalava">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371E82B9F24FD88FA56" box="[587,606,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371E80E9F25FD04FA57" box="[622,722,1398,1424]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">sakalava</emphasis>
Tsacas
</taxonomicName>
, which has a conspicuous basomedial keel on the distiphallus, shares the similarly-shaped hypandrium, with the broad-based, wide and angulate dorsobasal lobe and broad hypandrial arms, and this species is here tentatively ascribed to the same complex, pending a detailed phylogenetic analysis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B371EAF09C4DFEE2F9FF" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" box="[144,308,1566,1592]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">Redescription:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B371EAF09C15FDB9F9A7" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" box="[144,623,1606,1633]" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371EAF09C15FF1CF9A7" box="[144,202,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">Male</emphasis>
(primarily based on ex-alcohol N-T).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF0B370EAF09C3CFE49FEE1" blockId="34.[144,1104,1164,1673]" lastBlockId="35.[181,1142,204,1339]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">
As redescribed for
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF0B371EB059C3CFDC8F94F" box="[357,542,1646,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371EB059C3CFEAEF94E" box="[357,376,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF0B371EBE69C3DFDC8F94F" box="[390,542,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="425">balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing in the following respects: Measurements: Overall length
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF1B370E8749A9FFD48FF21" box="[532,670,204,230]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="35" pageNumber="426" unit="mm" value="3.5999999999999996" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.1">3.1–4.1 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E8CF9A9FFD6BFF22" box="[687,701,204,229]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">n</emphasis>
= 13, N-T); length of head and thorax combined
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF1B370EB4D9ABFFE5FFEC1" box="[301,393,236,262]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="35" pageNumber="426" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
; length of thorax and scutellum combined
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF1B370E9179AB8FC36FEC1" box="[887,992,235,262]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="35" pageNumber="426" unit="mm" value="2.15">2.15 mm</quantity>
; wing length
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF1B370EAD59B5FFEDEFEE1" box="[181,264,268,294]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="35" pageNumber="426" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EB789B5FFEF0FEE2" box="[280,294,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">n</emphasis>
= 1, N-T).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF1B370EAD59B66FD44FD68" blockId="35.[181,1142,204,1339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EAD59B66FF24FE88" box="[181,242,309,335]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF1B370EB639B66FE8BFE88" box="[259,349,309,335]" captionStart="Figs 9–13" captionStartId="14.[144,183,1582,1604]" captionTargetBox="[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-112@14.[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 9–13. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (9) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (10) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (11) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (12) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (13) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342936/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF1B370EB0B9B66FE5DFE97" box="[363,395,309,336]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">25</figureCitation>
). Eye height/length ratio: 9:6 (
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E8949B65FCD4FE88" box="[756,770,310,335]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">n</emphasis>
= 1, N-T); frons (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF1B370E9B99B66FBF8FE97" box="[985,1070,309,336]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
), subparallel-sided, slightly wider than long, frons length/width ratio: 5:7 (
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E9849B05FC24FEA8" box="[996,1010,342,367]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">n</emphasis>
= 1, N-T), ground colour pale dirty yellow, with paler yellow demarcated ventral border, faintly darker towards vertex and between orbital plates, otherwise both vittae inconspicuous, not reaching ventral border; ocelli clear grey (brown in some specimens); orbital plates short, extending from vertex of head to
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E8E19B85FD4DFE28" box="[641,667,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">ca</emphasis>
0.7 length of frons; posterior orbital seta moderately strong, marginally longer than outer vertical seta; postocellar setae markedly shorter than outer vertical seta; flagellomere 1 yellow pruinose basally, darker in apical half, slightly silver­grey pruinose, just over
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E9769865FCE6FD88" box="[790,816,566,591]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">ca</emphasis>
twice as long as wide, apex bluntly rounded, arista with 3–5 dorsal and 3 or 4 ventral branches in addition to terminal fork; vibrissae weak; gena narrow, eye height/genal height ratio: 9:1 (
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EE4E9825FBEAFD48" box="[1070,1084,630,655]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">n</emphasis>
= 1, N-T); palpus brown, brown microtrichose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF1B370EAD598EDFCF8FC1F" blockId="35.[181,1142,204,1339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EAD598EDFED0FD1F" box="[181,262,702,728]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF1B370EB7798EDFEBAFD1F" box="[279,364,702,728]" captionStart="Figs 9–13" captionStartId="14.[144,183,1582,1604]" captionTargetBox="[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-112@14.[144,1103,467,1562]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 9–13. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (9) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (10) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (11) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (12) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (13) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342936/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Mesonotum with 2 conspicuous, broad, reddish brown median vittae and 2 lateral, shorter vittae; posterior dorsocentral setae longer and stronger than medial scutellar seta; presutural seta slightly longer and weaker than posterior notopleural seta; anterior notopleural setae longer than posterior; postpronotum silver-grey pruinose, with 9–12 finer black­brown setulae; anepisternum silver­grey pruinose with yellow­grey patch medially, with 15 fine setulae, some larger and arranged in 2 groups of 4; katepisternum silver-grey to silver-yellow pruinose, with darker macula in anterior half, dorsal katepisternal seta,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E80899CCFD54FC7F" box="[616,642,927,952]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">ca</emphasis>
0.4 length of ventral katepisternal seta, with 12 short, fine setulae at base and along posterior margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF1B370EAB0998CFCC7FBFD" blockId="35.[181,1142,204,1339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EAB0998CFEE8FC3E" box="[208,318,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Scutellum</emphasis>
. Silver-grey pruinose, as in mesonotum, with faint medial brown pruinose vitta basally (under some lights); intermediate scutellar setula (if present) inserted equidistant between lateral and medial scutellar setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF1B370EAB09E13FDA8FB5D" blockId="35.[181,1142,204,1339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EAB09E13FED3FB9E" box="[208,261,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Legs</emphasis>
. Fore coxa with 15 brown setulae on anterior surface; fore tibia with 4 strong setae on lateral margin, the second basal seta of similar length to other three, with ctenidium of 13 short, sharp black spinules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF1B370EAB09EF2FE24FAFC" blockId="35.[181,1142,204,1339]" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EAB09EF2FEDCFB7D" box="[208,266,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Wing</emphasis>
(as in
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF1B370EB329EF3FE72FB7D" box="[338,420,1184,1210]" captionStart="Figs 27–39" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[154,1092,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[151,1096,206,1464]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 27–39. Wing of Curtonotum spp., males, unless otherwise stated: (27) C. keiseri, N-T, Joffreville, TAU; (28) C. stuckenbergi, ♀ AT, Ambohitantely, NMSA; (29) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, NMSA; (30) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (31) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (32) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (33) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (34) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (35) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (36) C. boeny, ♀ PT,Ambata­Boeni, MNHN; (37) C. griveaudi sp. n., N-T, Sambava Beach, TAU; (38) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (39) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342940/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
). Short, broad basally, tip evenly-rounded, veins chestnut-brown, membrane very faintly infuscate brown throughout, marginally darker in
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E9B99E92FC3AFB26" box="[985,1004,1217,1249]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
r
<subScript id="17D01246FFF1B370E9849E80FC3AFB26" attach="left" box="[996,1004,1235,1249]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
and anterior half of
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EB629EB2FEFFFAC6" box="[258,297,1249,1281]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
r
<subScript id="17D01246FFF1B370EB6D9EA0FEFFFAC6" attach="left" box="[269,297,1267,1281]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">2+3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and in region of
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EBBF9EB2FDFFFB3C" box="[479,553,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">dm–cu</emphasis>
crossvein;
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E8C59EB2FD26FB3C" box="[677,752,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">dm–cu</emphasis>
crossvein slightly obliquely angled posteriorly, quite straight;
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EB899F51FDCCFAE6" box="[489,538,1282,1313]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
cua
<subScript id="17D01246FFF1B370E8729F40FDCCFAE6" attach="left" box="[530,538,1299,1313]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
relatively short and broad;
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E9049F51FC5CFAE6" box="[868,906,1282,1313]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
r
<subScript id="17D01246FFF1B370E90F9F40FC5CFAE6" attach="left" box="[879,906,1299,1313]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">2+3</subScript>
</emphasis>
markedly expanded apically; haltere dirty white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF1B377EAD59F1FFE9DFEC1" blockId="35.[181,1142,1356,1672]" lastBlockId="36.[144,1105,204,1670]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="427" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370EAD59F1FFEC9FAA1" box="[181,287,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Tergite 2 with oblique, subrectangular brown-black pruinose dorsolateral macula on either side only; tergites 3–5 with very narrow, V-shaped concolourous median fascia and well separated and greatly reduced concolourous T-shaped dorsolateral macula, lateral margin of tergites 2–5 with subelliptical concolourous macula in basal third; sternite 4, quadrate with evenly-rounded apical margin; sternite 5 rectangular, subparallel-sided, with straight apical margin,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF1B370E9489FBDFC94F9C0" box="[808,834,1518,1543]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">ca</emphasis>
one-third longer than sternite 4, both unmodified, with spare, brown setulae arranged in irregular rows, those along lateral margins slightly longer and stronger; sternite 6 (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF1B370E9E69C7DFC0DF98F" box="[902,987,1582,1608]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
) subquadrate (may appear narrower than
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF1B370EB8C9C1DFDEAF9AF" box="[492,572,1614,1640]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="426">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF1B370E8409C1DFDEAF9AF" box="[544,572,1614,1640]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="35" pageNumber="426" unit="in" value="90.0">90</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in undissected specimens), subparallel-sided, with shallow, broad, excision apically, with faint brown maculae laterally, clothed in short to long, irregular brown setulae in apical half, laterally and at apical margin longer and more prominent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF6B377EACA9B5CFCDDFC09" blockId="36.[144,1105,204,1670]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EACA9B5CFEF2FEEE" box="[170,292,271,297]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Terminalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377EB529B5CFE0BFEED" box="[306,477,271,298]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Figs 48, 51, 54</figureCitation>
). Hypandrium (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377E8EC9B5CFD0BFEEE" box="[652,733,271,297]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E8899B5CFCD5FEEE" box="[745,771,271,297]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">hy</emphasis>
) short, with broad-based subangulate-truncate dorsobasal lobe, posterior bridge markedly dorsally and ventrally produced (angulate in profile); hypandrial arms very broad, slightly narrower basally, than apically (viewed laterally), ventrally developed into blunt point apically, with 2 equally strong setulae proximal to postgonite, both ventromedially-directed (obscured by epandrium on
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377EB369BE3FE7FFE0D" box="[342,425,432,458]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
), sclerotised area of medial lobes (viewed dorsally), straight basally, well­separated for ⅔ of their length, abutting in apical third; postgonite (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377EE429B83FF78FDCC" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EADA9BA2FF00FDCD" box="[186,214,497,522]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">pg</emphasis>
) short and broad in basal ⅔, narrowed to apex; epandrium (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377E9139BA3FC13FDCC" box="[883,965,496,523]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E9B19BA2FC3DFDCD" box="[977,1003,497,522]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">ep</emphasis>
) slightly broader dorsally than ventrally (viewed laterally), evenly-rounded on dorsal margin, posterior margin slightly angled, ventral margin with extensive row of long regular to irregular, ventrally-directed setae; cercus (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377E8F09802FD33FDAC" box="[656,741,593,619]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E8939801FCDAFDAC" box="[755,780,594,619]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">ce</emphasis>
) slightly prominent, longest setae as long as medium setae on ventral margin of epandrium; surstylus (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377E9959821FB9DFD4B" box="[1013,1099,626,652]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EAF098C0FF70FD6B" box="[144,166,659,684]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">ss</emphasis>
) short, wide and straight; phallus (as in
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377E81398C1FD1CFD6A" box="[627,714,658,685]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Figs 51</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E8B898C1FD22FD6B" box="[728,756,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">ph</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E96398C1FCC9FD6B" box="[771,799,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">bp</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E94F98C1FC9DFD6B" box="[815,843,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">dp</emphasis>
, 54,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E9E698C1FC74FD6B" box="[902,930,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">bp</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E9D198C1FC1BFD6B" box="[945,973,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">dp</emphasis>
) C-shaped, weakly sclerotised; phallapodeme (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377E84898E1FD56FD0A" box="[552,640,690,717]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E8F098E1FD7AFD0B" box="[656,684,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">ph</emphasis>
) fused to basiphallus, subtriangular (viewed laterally), with basal margin developed into two moderately flat, subtriangular projections in basal 0.4, bifurcated at point of connection with hypandrium; ejaculatory apodeme (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377EB649940FE80FCE9" box="[260,342,787,814]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EB019947FEADFCEA" box="[353,379,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">ea</emphasis>
) free, duct inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiphallus; basiphallus (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377EB409960FEA3FC89" box="[288,373,819,846]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EBE49960FE76FC8A" box="[388,416,819,845]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">bp</emphasis>
) broad basally and at midlength, otherwise uniform; apical section (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377EA8E9900FE96FCA9" box="[238,320,851,878]" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EB2B9900FEB1FCAA" box="[331,359,851,877]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">bp</emphasis>
) fairly broad, right lateral margin evenly rounded with latromedial raised keel, left margin straight, developed into tiny, recurved spine; distiphallus (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF6B377EE7E9927FF0CFC68" captionStart="Figs 46–54" captionStartId="24.[144,183,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[157,1090,393,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-83@24.[155,1093,391,1548]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 46–54.Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (46–48) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (46) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (47) C. griveaudi sp. n., PT, Asondrodava, CAS; (48) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (49–51) phallus, right lateral view: (49) C. boeny; (50) C. griveaudi; (51) C. pauliani; (52–54) basiphallus and distiphallus junction, dorsal view: (52) C. boeny; (53) C. griveaudi, PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (54) C. pauliani. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342944/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Figs 51, 54</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EA8799C7FED5FC69" box="[231,259,916,942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">dp</emphasis>
) long and narrow, curved in medial and apical regions (viewed laterally), basal section with conspicuous, short dorsomedial spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF6B377EAF0998FFD4BFBB1" blockId="36.[144,1105,204,1670]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">
Variation: The external characters of this species are more variable than in other species occurring on
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377EB4A99AFFE63FBD1" box="[298,437,1020,1046]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
; especially the relative lengths of the setation. Very slight differences also occur in the degree of development of the small basal spine between the basiphallus and distiphallus, otherwise the male terminalia appear consistent and such variation is here regarded as intraspecific.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF6B377EAF09ED3FC1EFAC9" blockId="36.[144,1105,204,1670]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF6B377EAF09ED3FC1EFAC9" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="R. Paulian &amp; A. H. Kirk-Spriggs" country="Madagascar" location="MADAGASCAR" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377EAF09ED3FF32FB51" box="[144,228,1152,1174]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Holotype</typeStatus>
(examined):
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EB059ED3FEA0FB52" box="[357,374,1152,1173]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377EBE09ED3FDF3FB52" box="[384,549,1152,1173]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
: “Madagascar Nord­Ouest / Nosy Mitsio / 13–14.I.[19]60 /
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFF6B377EAFF9ECBFED6FB69" box="[159,256,1176,1198]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">R. Paulian</collectorName>
// INSTITUT / SCIENTIFIQUE /
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377E82D9ECBFD38FB6A" box="[589,750,1176,1197]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
[pale grey card] //
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377E9CB9ECBFBF5FB6A" box="[939,1059,1176,1197]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
[red card] //
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377EAB79EE3FEA3FB02" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[215,373,1200,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">CURTONOTUM</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377EBE89EE3FE02FB02" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[392,468,1200,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EBE89EE3FE02FB02" box="[392,468,1200,1221]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">pauliani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377EB869EE3FDECFB01" box="[486,570,1200,1222]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E8219EE3FD84FB02" box="[577,594,1200,1221]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
n.sp. / L. TSACAS DET. 1973 [printed &amp; handwritten] // MUSÉUM PARIS //
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377EB0C9E9BFE0CFB1A" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[364,474,1224,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EB0C9E9BFE0CFB1A" box="[364,474,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Curtonotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377EB919E9BFDEBFB1A" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[497,573,1224,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EB919E9BFDEBFB1A" box="[497,573,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">pauliani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E8259E9BFD80FB1A" box="[581,598,1224,1245]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
/
<bibRefCitation id="EFC56DF2FFF6B377E80C9E9BFD35FB1A" author="TSACAS, L." box="[620,739,1224,1245]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" pagination="703 - 719" refId="ref45946" refString="TSACAS, L. 1974. Etude preliminaire des Curtonotidae de Madagascar [Diptera]. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 10: 703 - 719." type="journal article" year="1974">Tsacas, 1974</bibRefCitation>
/
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFF6B377E89A9E9BFC72FB19" box="[762,932,1224,1246]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">A.H. Kirk­Spriggs</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E9CD9E9BFC03FB1A" box="[941,981,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">vidit</emphasis>
2006” [head missing] (
<collectionCode id="ED4588C6FFF6B377EA899EB3FEE2FB32" box="[233,308,1248,1269]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">MNHN</collectionCode>
). In fair condition, head, right fore leg, left fore tarsus and hind leg missing; re-staged on nu-poly mount; dissected, abdomen and terminalia in micro-vial pinned beneath specimen.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF6B377EAF09F4BFBC9F9DA" blockId="36.[144,1105,204,1670]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377EAF09F4BFF3EFAEA" box="[144,232,1304,1325]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Paratypes</typeStatus>
(all labelled: “
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377EB0F9F4BFE34FAEA" box="[367,482,1304,1325]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
[red card] //
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377E83B9F4BFD2FFAEA" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[603,761,1304,1325]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">CURTONOTUM</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377E96C9F4BFC8EFAEA" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[780,856,1304,1325]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E96C9F4BFC8EFAEA" box="[780,856,1304,1325]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">pauliani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ n.sp. / L. TSACAS DET. 1973 [printed &amp; handwritten] //
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377EBD89F63FDF0FA82" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[440,550,1328,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EBD89F63FDF0FA82" box="[440,550,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Curtonotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377E8599F63FD53FA82" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[569,645,1328,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E8599F63FD53FA82" box="[569,645,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">pauliani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E8EB9F62FD4AFA81" box="[651,668,1329,1350]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[or
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E8A49F62FD03FA81" box="[708,725,1329,1350]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
] /
<bibRefCitation id="EFC56DF2FFF6B377E8909F62FCB3FA82" author="TSACAS, L." box="[752,869,1328,1350]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" pagination="703 - 719" refId="ref45946" refString="TSACAS, L. 1974. Etude preliminaire des Curtonotidae de Madagascar [Diptera]. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 10: 703 - 719." type="journal article" year="1974">Tsacas, 1974</bibRefCitation>
/ A.H. Kirk­Spriggs
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EE479F63FB99FA82" box="[1063,1103,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">vidit</emphasis>
2006”):
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377EAB99F1BFEA8FA9A" box="[217,382,1352,1373]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EBE49F1BFE76FA9A" box="[388,416,1352,1373]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
same labels as
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377E8469F1BFDAEFA99" box="[550,632,1352,1374]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">holotype</typeStatus>
, except: “
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377E8AB9F1BFC94FA9A" box="[715,834,1352,1373]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">ALLOTYPE</typeStatus>
[red card] //
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377E9D19F1BFB99FA9A" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[945,1103,1352,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">CURTONOTUM</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377EAFF9F33FF3DFAB2" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[159,235,1376,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EAFF9F33FF3DFAB2" box="[159,235,1376,1397]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">pauliani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ n.sp. / L. TSACAS DET. 1973 [printed &amp; handwritten]” [wing detached, glued to card];
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EAF09F2BFF7AFA4A" box="[144,172,1400,1421]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
same labels as
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377EB249F2BFE45FA49" box="[324,403,1400,1422]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">holotype</typeStatus>
[1 head missing];
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E8269F2BFDB5FA4A" box="[582,611,1400,1421]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
same labels as
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377E89A9F2BFC9AFA49" box="[762,844,1400,1422]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">holotype</typeStatus>
, except: “EXEMP. / DESS. [printed; orange card]”;
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EB0E9FC3FE5CFA62" box="[366,394,1424,1445]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
same labels as
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377E87B9FC3FDBBFA61" box="[539,621,1424,1446]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">holotype</typeStatus>
, except: “ouile gameha / ma tres large / Anomalié
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EE5F9FC2FB86FA61" box="[1087,1104,1425,1446]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
[handwritten]”;
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EB439FFBFEE9FA7A" box="[291,319,1448,1469]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
“
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377EB2F9FFBFE69FA79" box="[335,447,1448,1470]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
Nord­Ouest / dct. Majunga / forêt Ankarafantsitka [= Ankarafantsika]
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF6B377EAF09F93FF15FA12" box="[144,195,1472,1493]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" unit="m" value="120.0">120m</quantity>
/ XII-[19]59 / Raharizonina // INSTITUT / SCIENTIFIQUE /
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377E9649F93FC73FA12" box="[772,933,1472,1493]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
[pale grey card] // MUSÉUM PARIS” [head missing];
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EBB79F8BFE25FA2A" box="[471,499,1496,1517]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
“MUSEUM PARIS /
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377E8DA9F8BFC8DFA2A" box="[698,859,1496,1517]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
/ PROV. D’ANALALAVA / MAROMANDIA / R. DECARY 1922 [grey card] //
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF6B377E81F9FA3FD26F9C2" box="[639,752,1520,1541]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
[red card] // Specimen / missing from mount / 2006”;
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EB7F9C5BFEECF9DA" box="[287,314,1544,1565]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377EB219C5BFE8BF9DA" box="[321,349,1544,1565]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
same labels, except: “Pr A18 /
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E8199C5AFD5CF9D9" box="[633,650,1545,1566]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
[handwritten] [head missing]” (all MNHN).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF6B377EAF09C7BFB86F942" blockId="36.[144,1105,204,1670]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">
Other material examined (all labelled: “
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377E86E9C7BFC83F9FA" authority="Tsacas, 1974" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[526,853,1576,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E86E9C7BFD04F9FA" box="[526,722,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Curtonotum pauliani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC56DF2FFF6B377E8BB9C7AFC83F9FA" author="TSACAS, L." box="[731,853,1576,1598]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" pagination="703 - 719" refId="ref45946" refString="TSACAS, L. 1974. Etude preliminaire des Curtonotidae de Madagascar [Diptera]. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 10: 703 - 719." type="journal article" year="1974">Tsacas, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E93E9C7AFCB9F9F9" box="[862,879,1577,1598]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
det. A.H.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC56DF2FFF6B377E9B89C7BFF17F992" author="KIRK-SPRIGGS, A. H." pageId="36" pageNumber="427" pagination="244 - 252" refId="ref45009" refString="KIRK-SPRIGGS, A. H. 2008 a. A qualitative assessment of intra- and interspecific variability in the spermathecal structure of the Curtonotum cuthbertsoni complex (Diptera: Ephydroidea: Curtonotidae) and an assessment of their value as species-level characters. African Entomology 16: 244 - 252." type="journal article" year="2008">Kirk­Spriggs 2008</bibRefCitation>
–2011”):
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF6B377EB779C13FE6BF992" box="[279,445,1600,1621]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4990DEE1FFF6B377EBA89C13FDBAF991" box="[456,620,1600,1622]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377EBA89C13FDB0F991" box="[456,614,1600,1622]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Mahajanga Prov</emphasis>
.
</collectingRegion>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF6B377E81A9C13FD98F941" collectingDate="1959-12-01" collectorName="E. S. Ross" county="Marovoay" location="Madagascar" municipality="Forest Reserve" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E81A9C13FD41F992" box="[634,663,1600,1621]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
<location id="8E8B46D8FFF6B377E8C09C13FCC6F991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D:8E8B46D8FFF6B377E8C09C13FCC6F991" box="[672,784,1600,1622]" county="Marovoay" municipality="Forest Reserve" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Madagascar</location>
,
<location id="8E8B46D8FFF6B377E97A9C13FC70F991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D:8E8B46D8FFF6B377E97A9C13FC70F991" box="[794,934,1600,1622]" county="Marovoay" municipality="Forest Reserve" name="Ankarafantsika" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Ankarafantsika</location>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8F8A79FFF6B377E9D59C13FB93F992" box="[949,1093,1600,1621]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
), near
<collectingCounty id="628A688FFFF6B377EADF9C0AFEC8F9A9" box="[191,286,1625,1646]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Marovoay</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="FFEA36C3FFF6B377EB499C0BFE5FF9A9" box="[297,393,1624,1646]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" value="1959-12-01">
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFF6B377EB499C0BFE5FF9A9" box="[297,393,1624,1646]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" value="1959-12-01">1 xii.1959</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFF6B377EBF49C0BFE38F9A9" box="[404,494,1624,1646]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">E.S. Ross</collectorName>
[1 labelled: “
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFF6B377E8139C0BFC36F9A9" authority="Tsacas, L. Tsacas" authorityName="Tsacas, L. Tsacas" box="[627,992,1624,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF6B377E8139C0BFCE3F9AA" box="[627,821,1624,1645]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Curtonotum pauliani</emphasis>
Tsacas, L. Tsacas
</taxonomicName>
det. 1976”; 1 with right wing detached and glued to point]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF6B377E83A9C23FB9EF942" box="[602,1096,1648,1670]" location="Parc National Tsingy de Memaraha" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-male="13">
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF6B377E83A9C23FD54F942" box="[602,642,1648,1669]" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" type="male">13♂</specimenCount>
<location id="8E8B46D8FFF6B377E8EA9C22FC0CF941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D:8E8B46D8FFF6B377E8EA9C22FC0CF941" box="[650,986,1648,1670]" name="Parc National Tsingy de Memaraha" pageId="36" pageNumber="427">Parc National Tsingy de Memaraha</location>
,
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF6B377E9869C23FBF1F941" box="[998,1063,1648,1670]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="36" pageNumber="427" unit="km" value="3.4">3.4 km</quantity>
93
</materialsCitation>
°
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EAD59A9FFE1BFE66" blockId="37.[181,1142,203,714]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
E Bekopaka, Tombeau Vazimba,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFF7B376EB989A9FFDB6FF26" box="[504,608,204,225]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-19.141945">19°08'31&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFF7B376E8029A9FFD04FF26" box="[610,722,204,225]" degrees="44" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" precision="15" seconds="41" value="44.828056">44°49'41&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376E8809A98FCC0FF26" box="[736,790,203,225]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFEA36C3FFF7B376E9449A98FC49FF26" box="[804,927,203,225]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2001-11-06" valueMax="2001-11-10" valueMin="2001-11-06">6–10 xi.2001</date>
, leg. [B.] Fisher, [C.] Griswold
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EB729AB7FEEAFF3F" box="[274,316,227,249]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">et al</emphasis>
., tropical dry forest, Malaise trap (MAD49), BLF4233 [1 with right wing detached and glued to card] (all CAS);
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF7B376EBD29AAFFD5FFE86" collectingDate="2007-12-03" collectingDateMax="2007-12-10" collectingDateMin="2007-12-03" collectorName="M. E. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" elevation="11" latitude="-16.721666" location="Besalampy District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="44.423668" municipality="Marofototra" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF7B376EBD29AAFFE19FED6" box="[434,463,252,273]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<location id="8E8B46D8FFF7B376EBB89AA8FD59FED6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D:8E8B46D8FFF7B376EBB89AA8FD59FED6" box="[472,655,251,273]" latitude="-16.721666" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="44.423668" municipality="Marofototra" name="Besalampy District" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Besalampy District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8F8A79FFF7B376E8FC9AA8FCDDFED6" box="[668,779,251,273]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Marofototra</collectingMunicipality>
palm forest
<locationDeviation id="9A590921FFF7B376E9E99AAFFBA5FED6" box="[905,1139,251,273]" location="Besalampy" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376E9E99AAFFC11FED6" box="[905,967,251,273]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
W of Besalampy
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFF7B376EAD59B40FECDFEEE" box="[181,283,275,297]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="43.30" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" precision="9" value="-16.721666">16°43.30'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFF7B376EB7E9B40FE5EFEEE" box="[286,392,275,297]" degrees="44" direction="east" minutes="25.42" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" precision="9" value="44.423668">44°25.42'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFEA36C3FFF7B376EBF49B47FDC3FEEE" box="[404,533,275,297]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2007-12-03" valueMax="2007-12-10" valueMin="2007-12-03">
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFF7B376EBF49B47FDC3FEEE" box="[404,533,275,297]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2007-12-03" valueMax="2007-12-10" valueMin="2007-12-03">3–10 xii.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376E8419B40FD99FEEE" box="[545,591,275,297]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="ft" value="35.0">
<elevation id="0079F730FFF7B376E8419B40FD99FEEE" box="[545,591,275,297]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="ft" value="35.0">35 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFF7B376E83B9B47FD14FEEE" box="[603,706,275,297]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">M.E. Irwin</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFF7B376E8839B47FCBFFEEE" box="[739,873,275,297]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">R. Harin’Hala</collectorName>
,
<collectingMethod id="52156814FFF7B376E9159B40FC3DFEEE" box="[885,1003,275,297]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
, palm trees on sand (MG­42B­11) [in spirit], BMSA(DNA)#0062
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF7B376E8F29B7FFBA4FE86" box="[658,1138,299,321]" collectionCode="BMSA" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF7B376E8F29B7FFD79FE86" box="[658,687,300,321]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
same except: BMSA(DNA)#0063 (both
<collectionCode id="ED4588C6FFF7B376EE479B7FFBBAFE86" box="[1063,1132,300,321]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7is6-1zj2" name="National Museum Bloemfontein" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">BMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF7B376EAD59B17FF04FE9E" box="[181,210,324,345]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
same except:
<date id="FFEA36C3FFF7B376EB309B10FE0DFE9E" box="[336,475,323,345]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2007-12-10" valueMax="2007-12-17" valueMin="2007-12-10">10–17.xii.2007</date>
(MG­42B­12);
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF7B376E80A9B17FBA4FE9E" box="[618,1138,323,345]" collectingDate="2007-12-17" collectingDateMax="2007-12-24" collectingDateMin="2007-12-17" collectionCode="CAS" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF7B376E80A9B17FD51FE9E" box="[618,647,324,345]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
same except:
<date id="FFEA36C3FFF7B376E9659B17FC59FE9E" box="[773,911,323,345]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2007-12-17" valueMax="2007-12-24" valueMin="2007-12-17">
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFF7B376E9659B17FC59FE9E" box="[773,911,323,345]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2007-12-17" valueMax="2007-12-24" valueMin="2007-12-17">17–24 xii.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
(MG­42B­13) (all
<collectionCode id="ED4588C6FFF7B376EE5B9B17FBBDFE9E" box="[1083,1131,324,345]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFF7B376EAD59B0FFE1FFE66" collectingDate="2003-11-30" collectingDateMax="2003-12-08" collectingDateMin="2003-11-30" collectionCode="BMSA" collectorName="M. E. Irwin &amp; R. Harin'Hala" elevation="43" latitude="-16.319334" location="Ampijoroa National Park" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="46.81333" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFF7B376EAD59B0FFF04FEB6" box="[181,210,348,369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<location id="8E8B46D8FFF7B376EAB99B08FE1FFEB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFF0B376EBCE9EDFFE53FD0D:8E8B46D8FFF7B376EAB99B08FE1FFEB6" box="[217,457,347,369]" latitude="-16.319334" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="46.81333" name="Ampijoroa National Park" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Ampijoroa National Park</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A590921FFF7B376EBB59B08FD03FEB6" box="[469,725,347,369]" location="Maevatanana" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376EBB59B08FDCBFEB6" box="[469,541,347,369]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="km" value="160.0">160 km</quantity>
N of Maevatanana
</locationDeviation>
on RN 04,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFF7B376E92B9B08FC79FEB6" box="[843,943,347,369]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="19.16" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" precision="9" value="-16.319334">16°19.16'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFF7B376E9D29B08FBC8FEB6" box="[946,1054,347,369]" degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="48.80" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" precision="9" value="46.81333">46°48.80'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFEA36C3FFF7B376EE4A9B08FED5FE4D" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2003-11-30" valueMax="2003-12-08" valueMin="2003-11-30">
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFF7B376EE4A9B08FED5FE4D" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" value="2003-11-30" valueMax="2003-12-08" valueMin="2003-11-30">30.xi–8. xii.2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFF7B376EB6F9B27FE94FE4E" box="[271,322,372,393]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="m" value="43.0">
<elevation id="0079F730FFF7B376EB6F9B27FE94FE4E" box="[271,322,372,393]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="37" pageNumber="428" unit="m" value="43.0">43 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFF7B376EB2D9B27FE63FE4D" box="[333,437,372,394]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">M.E. Irwin</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFF7B376EBB69B27FD8AFE4D" box="[470,604,372,394]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">R. Harin’Hala</collectorName>
,
<collectingMethod id="52156814FFF7B376E8089B27FD0AFE4E" box="[616,732,372,394]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
in deciduous forest (MA-25-25) [in spirit], BMSA(DNA)#0043 (
<collectionCode id="ED4588C6FFF7B376EB1C9BDFFE14FE66" box="[380,450,396,417]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7is6-1zj2" name="National Museum Bloemfontein" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">BMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFF7B376EAD59BE3FE53FD0D" blockId="37.[181,1142,203,714]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">
Distribution: The only non-endemic species, occurring in
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF7B376E92E9BE3FC00FE0D" box="[846,982,432,458]" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF7B376E9849BE3FB95FE0D" box="[996,1091,432,458]" name="Namibia" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Namibia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF7B376EAD59B83FE92FE2D" box="[181,324,464,490]" name="South Africa" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(Kirk-Spriggs in prep.) and probably represents a relatively recent introduction onto
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF7B376EB2D9BA3FE00FDCD" box="[333,470,496,522]" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Its occurrence in the Sambirano bioclimatic zone may indicate recent introduction
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFF7B376EB829842FDD2FDED" box="[482,516,529,554]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">via</emphasis>
the circulation system of the Indian monsoon. In
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFF7B376EE279843FEC1FD8D" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376EB4C9863FE47FD8D" box="[300,401,560,586]" captionStart="Figs 102–104" captionStartId="53.[181,220,764,786]" captionTargetBox="[189,1134,204,744]" captionTargetId="figure-351@53.[189,1134,204,744]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figs 102–104. Distribution of Malagasy Curtonotom spp.: (102) C. griveaudi sp. n.; (103) C. pauliani; (104) C. sakalava. See Figs 92–101 for vegetation key." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342962/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Fig. 103</figureCitation>
) occurring in the Western Dry Forest and Wooded Grassland-Bushland vegetation
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFF7B376EBC99803FE32FDAD" box="[425,484,592,618]" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">types</typeStatus>
in the Sambirano Rainforest, Dry Deciduous Forest and Evergreen Rainforest biomes. In the Sambirano, North East, North West and West biogeographical zones and Dry and Humid bioclimatic zones (
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFF7B376E9E098C3FBF6FD6C" box="[896,1056,656,683]" captionStart="Figs 105–107" captionStartId="54.[144,183,783,805]" captionTargetBox="[155,1083,217,767]" captionTargetId="figure-361@54.[151,1096,204,767]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figs 105–107. (105) The biomes of Madagascar (after Yoder &amp; Nowak 2006); (106) biogeographic zonation of Madagascar, following Boumans et al. (2007) and partly Wilmé et al. (2006) (after Glaw &amp; Vences 2007); (107) bioclimatic zonation of Madagascar, following Cornet (1974) and Schatz (2000) (after Glaw &amp; Vences 2007)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342964/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="428">Figs 105–107</figureCitation>
; Tables 1–3; Appendix II).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink