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<document id="40D5F05C2D2F9DB9DBBF864B5604315A" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630003016912" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Miller, M. C." docDate="2004" docId="03E187A9FFE6FFA84218FCB1AA8DFC51" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.36.9.1183-1192.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 38" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1080/0022293031000077699" docStyle="DocumentStyle:443144A73DAE3E092C51A378E4CD0138.2:JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="443144A73DAE3E092C51A378E4CD0138" docStyleName="JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cuthona reflexa Miller 2004, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="1190" masterDocId="FFD8FFD1FFE1FFA04002FF82AE7CFF9B" masterDocTitle="An appraisal of the identity of the New Zealand species of the aeolid nudibranch family Tergipedidae (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)" masterLastPageNumber="1192" masterPageNumber="1183" pageNumber="1189" updateTime="1699135580149" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="747E430E59BEF056FA6F14BC429978DD">An appraisal of the identity of the New Zealand species of the aeolid nudibranch family Tergipedidae (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7EB48D0FC7E62AB2D1681F106279EBAE">2004</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C3526534FFE6FFA74218FCB1AA6EFCD0" box="[538,1042,819,843]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF736BFFFE6FFA74218FCB1AA6EFCD0" blockId="7.[538,1042,819,843]" box="[538,1042,819,843]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">
<heading id="D0BF81D3FFE6FFA74218FCB1AA6EFCD0" box="[538,1042,819,843]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" reason="7">
as
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA74239FCB1AC92FCD0" authority="Miller, 2004" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[571,750,819,843]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA74239FCB1AC92FCD0" box="[571,750,819,843]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">Cuthona reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F57D6FFE6FFA742F5FCB1AD2EFCD1" box="[759,850,819,842]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in Miller (1977)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3526534FFE6FFA8413BFCF1AA8DFC51" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1190" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF736BFFFE6FFA7413BFCF1AFE0FC10" blockId="7.[313,1269,883,1513]" box="[313,412,883,907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA7413BFCF1AFE0FC10" box="[313,412,883,907]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF736BFFFE6FFA74163FC10ACEFFA32" blockId="7.[313,1269,883,1513]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">
When discussing the Hawaiian specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA74351FC11AA13FC30" authority=", Gosliner (1979)" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[851,1135,914,939]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA74351FC11ADCCFC31" box="[851,944,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">C. perca</emphasis>
, Gosliner (1979)
</taxonomicName>
determined that
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA74173FC31AF9DFC51" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[369,481,946,970]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA74173FC31AF9DFC51" box="[369,481,946,970]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was similar enough to be conspecific. His decision was adopted by Behrens (1984), and uncritically by Spencer and Willan (1995), but not by Perrone (1995). At the time of preparing the tergipedid paper (Miller, 1977) I did not include a comparison of these two species considering them as being clearly separable. Not being convinced that these two species are the same, I have re-examined my notes, drawings and photographs of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA7429EFBD0AD71FBF1" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[668,781,1106,1130]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA7429EFBD0AD71FBF1" box="[668,781,1106,1130]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As a result I maintain the separation of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA7413BFBF0AFDAFB11" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[313,422,1138,1162]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA7413BFBF0AFDAFB11" box="[313,422,1138,1162]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The characters which distinguish
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA7432EFBF0ADE4FB11" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[812,920,1138,1162]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA7432EFBF0ADE4FB11" box="[812,920,1138,1162]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA743DFFBF0AA46FB12" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[989,1082,1138,1161]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA743DFFBF0AA46FB12" box="[989,1082,1138,1161]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in parentheses) are the cerata held in a very obvious S-shape (less defined flexure) and zoned colouring (figure 3) of the digestive diverticula (uniform), pre-pericardial ceratal clusters of up to four rows (two), transparent colourless to very pale yellow body wall without surface pigmentation or very occasionally a few scattered dots of opaque white on the tips of the tentacles and cerata (light orange, deep on the sides of the head, a blotch of brown or black on the top of the head, opaque white as two subapical bands on the cerata), a radular tooth that is a smoothly curved arch bearing short stout denticles (angular, even squarish, with slender denticles), a straight penial stylet (curved).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF736BFFFE6FFA84163FA32AA89FC90" blockId="7.[313,1269,883,1513]" lastBlockId="8.[313,1269,181,970]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1190" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">
Behrens (1984, 1991) identification of his Lake Merritt aeolid (Behrens, 1991, photograph number 194 on p. 93),
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA742E2FA52ADF1FA72" box="[736,909,1488,1513]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA742E2FA52AD42FA73" box="[736,830,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">Cuthona</emphasis>
sp. A
</taxonomicName>
. of
<collectingCountry id="F35F762FFFE6FFA743C2FA52AA40FA73" box="[960,1084,1488,1512]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">McDonald</collectingCountry>
and Nybakken (1980) and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA841C0FF37AC35FF56" box="[450,585,181,205]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA841C0FF37AC5CFF56" box="[450,544,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">Cuthona</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
of
<collectingCountry id="F35F762FFFE9FFA84276FF37AC8CFF56" box="[628,752,181,205]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">McDonald</collectingCountry>
(1983) as
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA8436DFF37ADB3FF56" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[879,975,181,205]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA8436DFF37ADB3FF56" box="[879,975,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as described by Gosliner (1979) and Miller (1977, as
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA84288FF57AC87FF76" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[650,763,213,237]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA84288FF57AC87FF76" box="[650,763,213,237]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) obviously conflicts with my separation of these two species. It is my opinion that his colour photograph of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA84458FF77AAC1FE96" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[1114,1213,245,269]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA84458FF77AAC1FE96" box="[1114,1213,245,269]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<collectingCountry id="F35F762FFFE9FFA8413BFE97AFC9FEB6" box="[313,437,277,301]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">McDonald</collectingCountry>
and Nybakkens are not of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA84302FE97AD13FEB6" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[768,879,277,301]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA84302FE97AD13FEB6" box="[768,879,277,301]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nor is the colour shown in these photographs and described like that of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA842FEFEB7AD26FED7" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[764,858,309,332]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA842FEFEB7AD26FED7" box="[764,858,309,332]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by others (Marcus, 1958; Edmunds, 1964; Gosliner, 1979), there being no orange and brown or black pigment on the head. The radular tooth described (
<collectingCountry id="F35F762FFFE9FFA84349FEF6ADB1FE17" box="[843,973,372,396]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">McDonald</collectingCountry>
, 1983, pp. 132 and 169, figure 123, as
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA841E2FE16AC17FE37" box="[480,619,404,428]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA841E2FE16AC42FE37" box="[480,574,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">Cuthona</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
) is a squat angular arch, not the high curved one of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA8413BFE37AFD0FE57" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[313,428,436,460]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA8413BFE37AFD0FE57" box="[313,428,436,460]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Perrone (1995) in describing a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA843D1FE37AA4AFE57" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[979,1078,437,460]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA843D1FE37AA4AFE57" box="[979,1078,437,460]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F35F762FFFE9FFA8448AFE36AAC1FE57" box="[1160,1213,436,460]" name="Italy" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">Italy</collectingCountry>
was uncertain about the conspecificity of this specimen with
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA843E1FE56AA2AFE77" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[995,1110,468,492]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA843E1FE56AA2AFE77" box="[995,1110,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Though the specimen described by Perrone is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA84339FE76ADD0FD97" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[827,940,500,524]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA84339FE76ADD0FD97" box="[827,940,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in possessing a semicircular shaped frontal veil and brown granular ceratal diverticula, it is more like
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA84496FD96AA88FDB7" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[1172,1268,532,556]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA84496FD96AA88FDB7" box="[1172,1268,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in overall appearance, colour, shape, size and arrangement of the cerata, and shape of the radular teeth. The distinctive characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA84367FDD6ADAEFDF7" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[869,978,596,620]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA84367FDD6ADAEFDF7" box="[869,978,596,620]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. reflexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the short, moderately club-shaped cerata held in an S in up to four rows in the pre-pericardial cluster, light coloured middle zone of the ceratal diverticula, and high and smoothly curved arch and short stout denticles of the radular teeth. In Perrones specimen the cerata are slender, in up to three rows in the pre-pericardial cluster, the ceratal diverticula darker in the middle, and radular teeth short and angular with long slender denticles.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF376637FFE6FFA7421DF930AA6CF95C" box="[543,1040,1713,1736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" startId="7.[543,559,1714,1735]" targetBox="[521,1051,1584,1682]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BF736BFFFE6FFA7421DF930AA6CF95C" blockId="7.[543,1040,1713,1736]" box="[543,1040,1713,1736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">
F. 3.
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE6FFA74278F933ADB6F953" authority="(Miller, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[634,970,1713,1736]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trinchesiidae" genus="Trinchesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reflexa">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE6FFA74278F933AD51F95D" box="[634,813,1713,1734]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1189">Trinchesia reflexa</emphasis>
(Miller, 1977)
</taxonomicName>
: ceras.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF736BFFFE9FFA84163FC91AA8DFC51" blockId="8.[313,1269,181,970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">
The
<collectingCountry id="F35F762FFFE9FFA84195FC91AC78FCB0" box="[407,516,787,811]" name="Barbados" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">Barbados</collectingCountry>
specimens described as
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA84323FC91ADFEFCB0" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[801,898,787,811]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA84323FC91ADFEFCB0" box="[801,898,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Marcus and Hughes (1974) differ greatly in colour and radular tooth shape from the descriptions of this species based on specimens found elsewhere (Marcus, 1958; Edmunds, 1964; Gosliner, 1979; Perrone, 1995). Further specimens of the same species collected from
<collectingCountry id="F35F762FFFE9FFA84485FCF1AA88FC10" box="[1159,1268,883,907]" name="Barbados" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">Barbados</collectingCountry>
some years later were determined as being different from
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA843BFFC11AA66FC31" authorityName=", Gosliner" authorityYear="1979" box="[957,1050,915,938]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perca">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA843BFFC11AA66FC31" box="[957,1050,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">C. perca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species and thus described as a new species,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D3CFFE9FFA842E1FC30AA91FC51" authority="Edmunds and Just, 1983" authorityName="Edmunds and Just" authorityYear="1983" box="[739,1261,946,970]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cuthonidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="barbadiana">
<emphasis id="B93CEAADFFE9FFA842E1FC30ADBAFC51" box="[739,966,946,970]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1190">Cuthona barbadiana</emphasis>
Edmunds and Just, 1983
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>