155 lines
18 KiB
XML
155 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="F4136A3733F3351E082B3FB9DE5F963B" ID-CLB-Dataset="4701" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12121" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35ae07f7-07d6-4306-aa0f-67ea492e293e" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5304929" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630110926704" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Cohen, Bernard L., Kaulfuss, Anne & Lüter, Carsten" docDate="2014" docId="03D687F9FF85FFD03C86FD0F4174FD74" docLanguage="en" docName="zoj12121.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (1)" docSource="http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/zoj.12121" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Neoancistrocrania" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="145" masterDocId="FFEFFF81FF89FFDC3C1BFF874534FF90" masterDocTitle="Craniid brachiopods: aspects of clade structure and distribution reflect continental drift (Brachiopoda: Craniiformea)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="133" pageNumber="145" updateTime="1699158444369" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C2BBD6E3E2D28A821A0D48C9FC631DE4">Craniid brachiopods: aspects of clade structure and distribution reflect continental drift (Brachiopoda: Craniiformea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0CD67F42AD0D3DB32A8CAD7B02048053">Cohen, Bernard L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E5AD2007DFF08E6565AF0521333D72EA">Kaulfuss, Anne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="570673EF0C846E2321517A883322A554">Lüter, Carsten</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1D340F061B326AB5BAE32FACFAFB7BC5">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="04FE66B7C961B3F81781FE9708553B6C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="87E590A2629B44F17AD04DD844BE00ED">2014-05-31</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D687F9FF85FFD03C86FD0F4174FD74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5312490" ID-GBIF-Taxon="185161268" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5312490" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D687F9FF85FFD03C86FD0F4174FD74" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D687F9FF85FFD03C86FD0F4174FD74" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">
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<subSubSection id="C3656564FF85FFD03C86FD0F4728FD2C" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC036EFFF85FFD03C86FD0F47DEFD0D" blockId="12.[157,746,648,669]" box="[157,746,648,669]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">
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<heading id="D0888183FF85FFD03C86FD0F47DEFD0D" box="[157,746,648,669]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" reason="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03C86FD0F44BAFD0C" ID-CoL="87JD2" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[157,398,648,669]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">NEOANCISTROCRANIA</taxonomicName>
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: RELATIONSHIPS, ADAPTATION,
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC036EFFF85FFD03D70FD2C4728FD2C" blockId="12.[363,540,683,700]" box="[363,540,683,700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">
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<heading id="D0888183FF85FFD03D70FD2C4728FD2C" box="[363,540,683,700]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" reason="8">AND TAXONOMY</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3656564FF85FFD03C8BFD494174FD74" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC036EFFF85FFD03C8BFD49412BFE89" blockId="12.[144,759,718,1902]" lastBlockId="12.[806,1422,198,740]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">
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As previously reported (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1EFF85FFD03DB0FD4947B5FD74" author="Cohen BL & Long SL & Saito M" box="[427,641,718,740]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" pagination="283 - 287" refId="ref11809" refString="Cohen BL, Long SL, Saito M. 2008. Living craniids: preliminary molecular evidence of their inter-relationships. Fossils and Strata 54: 283 - 287." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Cohen
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03E1BFD484704FD73" box="[512,560,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
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., 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03E88FD484430FC92" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03E88FD484430FC92" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Neoancistrocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is sister to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03DFCFD6A475EFC92" box="[487,618,749,770]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03DFCFD6A475EFC92" box="[487,618,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade that occurs in the North-East Atlantic and Western Mediterranean, an unexpected relationship according to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1EFF85FFD03C8BFCCF4405FCCF" author="Laurin B" box="[144,305,840,863]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" pagination="343 - 350" refId="ref12514" refString="Laurin B. 1992. Decouverte d'un squelette de soutien du lophophore de type ' crura' chez un brachiopode inarticule: description de Neoancistrocrania norfolki gen. sp. nov. (Craniidae). Comptes Rendues de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Life Sciences 314: 343 - 350." type="journal article" year="1992">Laurin (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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that present results confirm, and the time-tree indicates that their mean age of divergence was ∼90 Ma. A speculative hypothesis to account for the distinctive ventral shell morphology of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03C8BFC444454FC48" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[144,352,963,984]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03C8BFC444454FC48" box="[144,352,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Neoancistrocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is suggested by two observations. First, that mineralization of the cemented (‘ventral’) valve of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03CE3FB86444FFB86" box="[248,379,1025,1046]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03CE3FB86444FFB86" box="[248,379,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens varies from ‘normal’ to almost nothing, the latter being seen in several specimens from the Chesterfield Ridge (e.g. D1651– 1653) whose dorsal valves were ∼
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<quantity id="4C879B0AFF85FFD03E2EFBDB475EFBE1" box="[565,618,1116,1137]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
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across but which showed no sign of ventral valve mineralization. Unmineralized ventral shell has also been reported in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03CABFB3F44ACFB5C" baseAuthorityName="Joubin" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[176,408,1207,1229]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="lecointei">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03CABFB3F44ACFB5C" box="[176,408,1207,1229]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania lecointei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by J. H. Robinson (2012, personal communication) and described in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03E6AFB5044FAFA9B" authority="(Cusack & Williams, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Cusack & Williams" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="anomala">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03E6AFB5047C3FB7B" box="[625,759,1238,1260]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">N. anomala</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1EFF85FFD03C8CFB7244F2FA9B" author="Cusack M & Williams A" box="[151,454,1269,1291]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" pagination="875 - 903" refId="ref11981" refString="Cusack M, Williams A. 2001. Evolutionary and diagenetic changes in the chemico-structure of the shell of cranioid brachiopods. Palaeontology 44: 875 - 903." type="journal article" year="2001">Cusack & Williams, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Second, a few cemented valves and complete individuals of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03E3CFA9347C3FAB9" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[551,759,1300,1321]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03E3CFA9347C3FAB9" box="[551,759,1300,1321]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Neoancistrocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were recovered on substrate blocks (dredged by Dr B. Richer de Forges). Some of these created an impression that, in life, the animals had been surrounded by a trench a few millimetres wide, which was somehow kept clear of encrusting organisms and limestone deposits. This impression remains incompletely documented because of the fragmentary nature of the material. Nevertheless, coupled with variability in ventral valve mineralization it suggests that, historically,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03CC3F9C1449CF9CB" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[216,424,1606,1627]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03CC3F9C1449CF9CB" box="[216,424,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Neoancistrocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may have originated from common ancestors with
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03DB6F9E34704F9E9" box="[429,560,1636,1657]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03DB6F9E34704F9E9" box="[429,560,1636,1657]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that exhibited a wide range of valve mineralization, the thick-valved extreme of the range being favoured by differential survival on rapidly growing reefs, resulting in speciation due to competitive exclusion of craniids with thin ventral shells. The closest affinity of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03E73F97A45EDF8A1" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03E73F97A45EDF8A1" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Neoancistrocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with Atlantic–Mediterranean
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03E20F89B478AF8A1" box="[571,702,1820,1841]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03E20F89B478AF8A1" box="[571,702,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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suggests that any such divergence may have occurred in the Tethys, in a region and at a time when conditions permitted rapid mineral growth, presumably during a period of elevated water temperatures (∼100 Ma or more,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B1EFF85FFD03F6BFE844120FE89" author="Veevers JJ" box="[880,1044,259,281]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref13814" refString="Veevers JJ. 2004. Gondwanaland from 650 - 500 Ma assembly through 320 Ma merger in Pangea to 185 - 100 Ma breakup; supercontinental tectonics via stratigraphy and radiometric dating. Earth-Science Reviews 68: 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="2004">Veevers, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC036EFFF85FFD03F24FEA54174FD74" blockId="12.[806,1422,198,740]" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03F24FEA5413BFEA7" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[831,1039,290,311]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03F24FEA5413BFEA7" box="[831,1039,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Neoancistrocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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presents a systematic problem. Morphologically it is readily distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03F3DFED8469DFEE4" box="[806,937,351,372]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03F3DFED8469DFEE4" box="[806,937,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and relaxed-clock analyses of rDNAs place the extant craniid root between these genera. These facts endorse separate generic status. Against this may be set the topology of the rDNA gene trees and splits analyses, all of which suggest that
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03F3DFE7F46C2FD9D" baseAuthorityName="Cohen" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[806,1014,504,525]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Neoancistrocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03F3DFE7F46C2FD9D" box="[806,1014,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Neoancistrocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is no more distantly related to the Northern clade of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD0385FFD9041F3FDBC" box="[1092,1223,535,556]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD0385FFD9041F3FDBC" box="[1092,1223,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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than are other
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D6CFF85FFD03F3DFDB2469DFDDA" box="[806,937,565,586]" class="Craniata" family="Craniidae" genus="Novocrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Craniida" pageId="12" pageNumber="145" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90BEAFDFF85FFD03F3DFDB2469DFDDA" box="[806,937,565,586]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="145">Novocrania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clades. These data therefore favour generic synonymy. No resolution is available for this conflict between molecules and morphology as classification tools, but the present taxonomy is clearly useful, and no change seems necessary unless new evidence is forthcoming.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |