358 lines
49 KiB
XML
358 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="E95C53944C0C6EE5A8BD88D77467FAE0" ID-CLB-Dataset="8839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434000" ID-ZooBank="09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1610443640918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene & Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2021" docId="03BF702A9514FFD1FDE5FB697101FCBE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4906.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4906 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus atripennis Ashmead 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FF8608529505FFC2FD72FF84736DFE73" masterDocTitle="The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1701082448047" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:mods id="AE56C96A7C8E528BCC879CDFE6667267" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="13D506AB0735F43A510A1E9608F66B93">
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<mods:title id="ABCA05079950EBA57632A4C523BC16DF">The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="DD9A6AD5984F724993D8B5A9457DBEEE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6F58B00A4FD9C3C5856902A940A08016">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E2EEF8D52AC4CF268B37D85D3E301740">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="3737B69976FF392C32C8FBD7342A477E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1F10DE7EB36D37493FF2B47D1B6B4A43">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="224CC4109A155582832BD30B36D47720">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="912909C5CE8340EE4A2A83421E2C0808" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7798-2717</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="58043C12FA9C171212574F4BAAA71498" type="email">jpujade@ub.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="262AD3FBF41F28538624C7C4E1F5D5E8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="268E49C011F36C434252D73E2DBE9B08">
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<mods:date id="38960E7C3F50DE4D84DFBFFBA55BD879">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6D13CE88C54DA0C73153ABC1620C63CD">2021-01-12</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="02CEC97B347F33B17A3AFA33C1E424CA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1EE4A0BC0F9EB26A9C561332C0C707B9">4906</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="33D8E71CE8F66CA8CE6D7A06CF946D1B" type="issue">
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<mods:identifier id="EE3D3BAB1A763B5E41EEFD6717AFC17A" type="CLB-Dataset">8839</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E679C65F0C2C3BB1432208D20976A7E3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="048449B723D971BE7E6ED877D36B123D" type="GBIF-Dataset">308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AD7B0492897DB7618672CC0B5D90289A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8BF28FEB21AC3B2292030AFF993E5F0F" type="Zenodo-Dep">4434000</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="07CC35ED08D97689D4E56442A22B5103" type="ZooBank">09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BF702A9514FFD1FDE5FB697101FCBE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447509" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177005166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4447509" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9514FFD1FDE5FB697101FCBE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF702A9514FFD1FDE5FB697101FCBE" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79514FFD3FDE5FB69713DFB74" box="[151,592,1261,1287]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9514FFD3FDE5FB69713DFB74" blockId="17.[151,592,1261,1323]" box="[151,592,1261,1287]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="D0E176509514FFD3FDE5FB69713DFB74" bold="true" box="[151,592,1261,1287]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FDE5FB69713DFB74" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,592,1261,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FDE5FB69713DFB74" bold="true" box="[151,592,1261,1287]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FDE5FB6972E4FB74" bold="true" box="[151,393,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9514FFD3FCE3FB69713DFB74" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[401,592,1261,1287]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79514FFD3FDE5FA957265FB58" box="[151,264,1297,1323]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9514FFD3FDE5FA957265FB58" blockId="17.[151,592,1261,1323]" box="[151,264,1297,1323]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FDEDFA957392FB58" box="[159,255,1297,1323]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79514FFD3FDE5FAD2770DFB1D" box="[151,1120,1366,1390]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9514FFD3FDE5FAD2770DFB1D" blockId="17.[151,1120,1366,1390]" box="[151,1120,1366,1390]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FDE5FAD2716AFB1D" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,519,1366,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FDE5FAD2720DFB1E" box="[151,352,1366,1389]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619514FFD3FC17FAD2716AFB1D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422374" box="[357,519,1366,1390]" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9514FFD3FC17FAD2716AFB1D" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[357,519,1366,1390]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA9514FFD3FF62FAD27075FB1D" box="[528,792,1366,1390]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc.</collectorName>
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23: 189.
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9514FFD3FE05FAD270C4FB1D" box="[887,937,1366,1390]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
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material: USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79514FFD3FDE5FA187023F8FD" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9514FFD3FDE5FA187023F8FD" blockId="17.[151,1437,1436,2039]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FDE5FA1872BFFBC5" bold="true" box="[151,466,1436,1462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type material (examined)</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619514FFD3FC91FA18703DFB8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422364" collectorName="Type No." country="United States of America" location="U. S." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9514FFD3FC91FA1871EEFBC5" box="[483,643,1436,1462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59514FFD3FFFFFA1971CFFBC4" box="[653,674,1437,1463]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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with the following labels: ‘1657 June 28–83’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA9514FFD3FC62FA4472EDFBA8" box="[272,384,1472,1499]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type No.</collectorName>
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3290
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<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9514FFD3FCB9FA447291FBA9" box="[459,508,1472,1498]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M.’ (red label) / ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FF97FA447771FBA9" authority="Ashm." authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[741,1052,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FF97FA4470AAFBA9" box="[741,967,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
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Ashm.
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</taxonomicName>
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’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘USNMENT 00779908’ (white label, QR code)
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</materialsCitation>
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/ ‘
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9514FFD3FE1BFA6070B3FB8D" box="[873,990,1508,1534]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59514FFD3FE97FA617097FB8C" box="[997,1018,1509,1535]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3F973FA6076F5FB8D" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[1025,1432,1508,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3F973FA6077B2FB8D" box="[1025,1247,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9514FFD3F994FA6076F5FB8D" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[1254,1432,1508,1534]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label).
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619514FFD3FCADF98C770CF818" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422377" collectionCode="V" country="United States of America" location="Riley'" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="paralectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9514FFD3FCADF98C71BBF851" box="[479,726,1544,1570]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59514FFD3FF95F98C7065F851" box="[743,776,1544,1570]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
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) with the following labels: ‘1657
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA9514FFD3F9F6F98D77DAF850" box="[1156,1207,1545,1571]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">June</collectorName>
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28–83’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA9514FFD3FC37F9A872E4F835" box="[325,393,1580,1606]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type’</collectorName>
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(white label) / ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA9514FFD3FF33F9A871A4F835" box="[577,713,1580,1606]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Through C.</collectorName>
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<collectionCode id="ED0759F99514FFD3FFA0F9A9718BF834" box="[722,742,1581,1607]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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||
.
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<location id="8EC997E79514FFD3FF81F9A8705AF835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9514FFD1FDE5FB697101FCBE:8EC997E79514FFD3FF81F9A8705AF835" box="[755,823,1580,1606]" country="United States of America" name="Riley'" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Riley’</location>
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(white label) / ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA9514FFD3FE9DF9A87732F834" box="[1007,1119,1580,1607]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type No.</collectorName>
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||
3290
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<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9514FFD3F9DBF9A877B4F835" box="[1193,1241,1580,1606]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M.’ (red label) ‘USNMENT 00960131’ (white label, QR code) / ‘
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FFB3F9D47051F819" box="[705,828,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">atripennis’</emphasis>
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(white label, handwritten)
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</materialsCitation>
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/ ‘
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9514FFD3F90BF9D4767AF819" box="[1145,1303,1616,1642]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59514FFD3F86EF9D5765CF818" box="[1308,1329,1617,1643]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3F845F9D472AEF8FD" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3F845F9D47264F8FD" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9514FFD3FC62F9F072AEF8FD" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[272,451,1652,1678]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label) (
|
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59514FFD3FE6EF9F07052F8FD" box="[796,831,1652,1678]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79514FFD3FDB5F91C7110F984" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9514FFD3FDB5F91C7110F984" blockId="17.[151,1437,1436,2039]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FDB5F91C7257F8C1" bold="true" box="[199,314,1688,1714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Along with
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FCA6F91C71C3F8C1" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[468,686,1688,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FCA6F91C71C3F8C1" box="[468,686,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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(see below),
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FE3EF91C70B0F8C1" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[844,989,1688,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FE3EF91C70B0F8C1" box="[844,989,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. atripennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from the rest of species known within this genus from the New World by having smoky wings (commonly hyaline in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3F92BF93877D2F8A5" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1113,1215,1724,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3F92BF93877D2F8A5" box="[1113,1215,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3F9A4F93873D5F889" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3F9A4F93873D5F889" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FC22F96472B4F889" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[336,473,1760,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FC22F96472B4F889" box="[336,473,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having female antenna with 15 segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FE94F964775BF889" box="[998,1078,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99514FFD3F923F96477E1F889" box="[1105,1164,1760,1786]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3F9E6F9647670F889" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1172,1309,1760,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3F9E6F9647670F889" box="[1172,1309,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3F85EF96476E2F888" box="[1324,1423,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
|
||
); vertex coriaceous, with small piliferous punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FFA0F880704DF96D" box="[722,800,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
) (wrinkled and with some punctures in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3F9AEF880760FF96D" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1244,1378,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3F9AEF880760FF96D" box="[1244,1378,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3F802F88073AEF931" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12c</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesopleuron with regular, dense and well-marked transversal striae covering all of the surface, except for a small aciculate, almost smooth, spot under the speculum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FE5CF8C870EDF915" box="[814,896,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
) (with regular, widely spaced and well-marked transversal striae covering all of the surface in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FFD3F8F47045F9F9" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[673,808,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FFD3F8F47045F9F9" box="[673,808,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FE44F8F470FAF9F8" box="[822,919,1904,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
|
||
); in females, syntergum strongly dorsodistally incised (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FD87F8107228F9DC" box="[245,325,1940,1967]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
) (weakly to not dorsodistally incised in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FE73F81070EAF9DD" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[769,903,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FE73F81070EAF9DD" box="[769,903,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FEE6F810709FF9DD" box="[916,1010,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12a</figureCitation>
|
||
); head amber, except frons, vertex and occiput, black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FC31F83C72EEF9A0" box="[323,387,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
b–d) (black in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FF5AF83C71C3F9A1" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[552,686,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FF5AF83C71C3F9A1" box="[552,686,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FFCEF83C7066F9A0" box="[700,779,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
b–c); and legs entirely amber (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3F92DF83C77DDF9A0" box="[1119,1200,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
) (coxae and trochanters mostly black in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9514FFD3FC08F858716CF985" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[378,513,2012,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9514FFD3FC08F858716CF985" box="[378,513,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99514FFD3FF62F858711CF984" box="[528,625,2012,2039]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF6991B49517FFD0FDE5FCE6714DFDED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,250,866,890]" targetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9517FFD0FDE5FCE6714DFDED" blockId="18.[151,1436,866,926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FDE5FCE6727EFD09" bold="true" box="[151,275,866,890]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9517FFD0FC6BFCE7728FFD09" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[281,482,867,890]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FC6BFCE7728FFD09" box="[281,482,867,890]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79517FFD1FDB5FC4872F2FFA2" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9517FFD0FDB5FC487200FD95" blockId="18.[151,1437,972,2043]" box="[199,365,972,998]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FDB5FC487200FD95" bold="true" box="[199,365,972,998]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9517FFD0FDB5FC74719CFA78" blockId="18.[151,1437,972,2043]" box="[199,753,1008,1035]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FDB5FC7472CEFA78" bold="true" box="[199,419,1008,1035]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99517FFD0FF33FC7471FAFA78" box="[577,663,1008,1035]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9517FFD0FDB5FB90714DFA04" blockId="18.[151,1437,972,2043]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FDB5FB907266FA5D" bold="true" box="[199,267,1044,1070]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FC68FB917233FA5C" box="[282,350,1045,1071]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Black and amber. Face and gena amber, frons, vertex and occiput, black. Antenna amber. Mesosoma completely black, tegulae yellowish orange. Metasoma, except the first segment, which is black, amber. Legs amber. Wings smoky, veins brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9517FFD0FDB5FB057205FBC8" blockId="18.[151,1437,972,2043]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FDB5FB05726AFAE8" bold="true" box="[199,263,1153,1179]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. In frontal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FCBDFB05714FFAEF" box="[463,546,1153,1180]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
|
||
) trapezoid, just slightly wider than high, gena not broadened behind eye. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with striae radiating from clypeus. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin just slightly projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.5 times as long as height of eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line about as long as height of eye. Toruli situated mid-height of eye; distance between torulus and eye shorter than diameter of torulus; distance between toruli shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons coriaceous, with scattered small piliferous punctures; frontal carinae narrow, branched before reaching lateral ocelli. Head in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FFACFADD7043FB00" box="[734,814,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
) is about 2.5 times as wide as long. Vertex coriaceous, with scattered small punctures. POL: OOL: LOL = 16: 13: 9 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 8.5. Occiput coriaceous, without punctures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9517FFD0FDB5FA4071DBF838" blockId="18.[151,1437,972,2043]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FDB5FA407243FBAD" bold="true" box="[199,302,1476,1502]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FC4DFA4172FCFBAC" box="[319,401,1477,1503]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
). 15-segmented; long, filiform, not broadened apically; pubescence dense and short. Scape plus pedicel shorter than F1; pedicel about 1.3 times as long as wide; F1 about 1.2 times as long as F2, F2 and F3 subequal, the following segments progressively shorter. Last flagellar segment somewhat more than 3.0 times as long as wide and about 1.3 times as long as F12.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9517FFD0FDB5F9D172B3F988" blockId="18.[151,1437,972,2043]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9517FFD0FDB5F9D17228F81C" bold="true" box="[199,325,1621,1647]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view, including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FC7FF9FD720EF8E7" box="[269,355,1657,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.42. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum strongly carinated; lateral carina absent, lateral margins of pronotum rounded seen from above. Mesoscutum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FDD2F945739DF8A8" box="[160,240,1729,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
) about 1.3 times as wide as long, with dense and discontinuous weak carinae; anterior parallel lines well defined, reaching 1/3 of the mesoscutum; notauli complete and well impressed; median mesoscutal line absent; parapsidal lines well impressed, reaching tegulae. Mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FE0DF88D70A0F950" box="[895,973,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
) rounded, about as long as wide, strongly wrinkled; circumscutellar carina weak but visible, somewhat obscured by wrinkles; scutellar foveae large, circular to ovate, well impressed but posterior margin not well defined, the bottom weakly sculptured and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleuron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99517FFD0FC93F8F1715DF9FC" box="[481,560,1909,1935]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
) more or less regularly striated, more strongly striated basally, medially with a small aciculate, almost smooth, spot; little pubescent basally. Metapleural sulcus reaching about 3/4 of mesopleural height. Propodeum pubescent and weakly sculptured; propodeal carinae straight and convergent posteriorly. Nucha sulcate dorsally and laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FF1371DDFEC2" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,688,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5FF137392FEC2" bold="true" box="[199,255,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Tarsal claws with a strong basal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FF3E71D4FF6E" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5FF3E727EFEA7" bold="true" box="[199,275,186,212]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99516FFD1FC51FF3F721BFEA5" box="[291,374,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing pubescent with moderately long marginal setae, about as long as body length. Radial cell closed, about 2.7 times as long as wide; areolet visible and well defined. Rs+M visible, not reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FEA377EEFFDE" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5FEA3722EFF32" bold="true" box="[199,323,295,321]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About as long as head plus mesosoma and about 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99516FFD1F84EFEA376E2FF31" box="[1340,1423,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,250,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@18.[170,1416,181,842]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus atripennis (lectotype, USNMENT 00779908): a) mesopleuron; b) lateral habitus; c) head and mesosoma in dorsal view; d) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434010/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). First metasomal segment sulcate dorsally and laterally. Syntergum smooth, anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and without punctures, following segments finely punctate; strongly dorsodistally incised, not pointed. Hypopygial spine about as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FE3272F2FFA2" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,415,438,465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5FE32724FFFA2" bold="true" box="[199,290,438,465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">MALE.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDB5FE5E71A4FF85" box="[199,713,474,502]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FE5E71A4FF85" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,713,474,502]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5FE5E7234FF87" bold="true" box="[199,345,474,500]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9516FFD1FC15FE5F72CEFF86" box="[359,419,475,501]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9516FFD1FCDCFE5F7292FF86" box="[430,511,475,501]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FF7CFE5F71D1FF85" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[526,700,475,502]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDB5FE7A72BAFC4D" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FE7A72BAFC4D" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5FE7A724CFC6B" bold="true" box="[199,289,510,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Reared from asexual galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FF04FE7B7743FC6A" authority="(Karsch, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[630,1070,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spongiosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FF04FE7B70EDFC6B" box="[630,896,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Disholcaspis spongiosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Karsch, 1880)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1F926FE7B7268FC4E" authority="Bassett, 1881" authorityName="Bassett" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusficula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1F926FE7B760FFC6A" box="[1108,1378,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Holcaspis quercusficula</emphasis>
|
||
Bassett, 1881
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FC6EFDA772A7FC4D" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[284,458,547,574]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDB5FDC37101FCBE" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FDC37716FCF6" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5FDC37259FC12" bold="true" box="[199,308,583,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FC36FDC37148FC13" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[324,549,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FC36FDC37148FC13" box="[324,549,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1FE64FDC27054FC12" box="[790,825,582,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FE38FDC37758FC12" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[842,1077,583,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref101564" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead 1896: 189</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We located and examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1F80BFDC376F1FC12" box="[1401,1436,583,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
belonging to the type series deposited in USNM. A
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FFAAFDEF7052FCF6" box="[728,831,619,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has herein been designated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5FD0B7101FCBE" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
The host plant is not mentioned in the original description, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FEF0FD0B7778FCDB" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[898,1045,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spongiosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FEF0FD0B7778FCDB" box="[898,1045,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D. spongiosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls were collected from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1F849FD0B73BAFCBF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chapmanii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1F849FD0B73BAFCBF" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Q. chapmanii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FC7FFD37710AFCBE" authority="(Burks 1979: 1093)" baseAuthorityName="Burks 1979:" baseAuthorityPageNumber="1093" baseAuthorityYear="1093" box="[269,615,691,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FC7FFD3772EFFCBE" box="[269,386,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Q. stellata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FCE3FD377132FCBE" author="Burks, B. D." box="[401,607,691,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref102011" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107" type="book" year="1979">Burks 1979: 1093</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |