468 lines
62 KiB
XML
468 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="90BCE8633BE46B0437AE4403D5DDCD8F" ID-CLB-Dataset="29979" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4426.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cdd567ed-ebd8-4801-a6a4-af6c9fb964fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1271239" ID-ZooBank="18929E20-5296-4458-8A8A-4F5316A290FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1528147699440" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M. & De, Nicole J." docDate="2018" docId="386CC616DC1EA55EFF67892FFDD7FC3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4426.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4426 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Grantessa woerheidei Van & De 2018, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="C455BE6EDC72A531FFF0880AFFCEFF99" masterDocTitle="Calcareous sponges of the Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="109" updateTime="1698547079698" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="7BD4461CD6FBDFA87B9FDE83EEACFF35" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="56192B79C3E0621A8FD0195B6A099728">
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<mods:title id="21129E2F1CAE6C36926B5DE9A07A94DB">Calcareous sponges of the Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="DDC356134AB6B95F2BFA3A849946531A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3A075FE1AC2AB28471481A32B95D3191">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="6239AB1FF70B425FE9321D2084144F0D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="79DB346536E60493F1D0A538829F312C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="977094AFBD1BFF018C3A010ADC501BE9">De, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8B8980833E3741979A2E1CD96CACDF1C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="248746369EF64CDFC24326121A25C652">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="968BE700EAF579EC473F927753A0C618">
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<mods:date id="5FEDB2B8DBF3A67A6C527099FB50AEAA">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9EDB2F6FAA8E6A4EE9C095DE0587B159">2018-06-01</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="DDAC6B0748A6A1459CFE1E90D084A0B9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9E6C410E98D596EC5A6D52CCFD31326E">4426</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B98B047307F36F4353939E55015EA47C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FDEA2E177DEAA0DC8DFAC2841DA05959" type="CLB-Dataset">29979</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2E1E3FF17D85BC7CDE848B13E5643461" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4426.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="386CC616DC1EA55EFF67892FFDD7FC3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5966746" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144239586" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5966746" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:386CC616DC1EA55EFF67892FFDD7FC3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/386CC616DC1EA55EFF67892FFDD7FC3D" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC1EA55DFF67892FFE91FEF9" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF67892FFE37FEA6" blockId="108.[151,505,293,352]" box="[151,505,293,319]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<heading id="EB32C06CDC1EA55DFF67892FFE37FEA6" bold="true" box="[151,505,293,319]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF67892FFE37FEA6" bold="true" box="[151,505,293,319]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1EA55DFF67892FFE52FEA6" ID-CoL="3H878" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,412,293,319]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="woerheidei" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF67892FFE52FEA6" bold="true" box="[151,412,293,319]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Grantessa woerheidei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC1EA55DFE53892FFE37FEA6" box="[419,505,293,319]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF67894DFE91FEF9" blockId="108.[151,505,293,352]" box="[151,351,327,352]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFF67894DFEDFFEF9" box="[151,273,327,352]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 66. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 66a–f</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFEEC894DFE91FEF9" box="[284,351,327,352]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">67a–g</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC1EA55DFF678985FB25FE55" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF678985FB25FE55" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<materialsCitation id="00AD7D5DDC1EA55DFF678985FB25FE55" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1848256261" collectingDate="2014-11-09" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="N. J. de Voogd" country="Saudi Arabia" county="Abu Gishaa" elevation="12" latitude="22.255194" location="Material" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="39.02564" municipality="Thuwal" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF678985FE4FFE31" bold="true" box="[151,385,399,424]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<location id="B51A21DBDC1EA55DFF678985FF31FE31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:386CC616DC1EA55EFF67892FFDD7FC3D:B51A21DBDC1EA55DFF678985FF31FE31" box="[151,255,399,424]" country="Saudi Arabia" county="Abu Gishaa" latitude="22.255194" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="39.02564" municipality="Thuwal" name="Material" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Material</location>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="6F7EC9A2DC1EA55DFE798985FE3AFE31" box="[393,500,399,424]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC1EA55DFE0F899AFD9DFE3E" box="[511,595,400,423]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">RMNH</collectionCode>
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Por. 9586,
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<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC1EA55DFD268985FCA3FE31" box="[726,877,399,424]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="B51A21DBDC1EA55DFC888985FC07FE31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:386CC616DC1EA55EFF67892FFDD7FC3D:B51A21DBDC1EA55DFC888985FC07FE31" box="[888,969,399,424]" country="Saudi Arabia" county="Abu Gishaa" latitude="22.255194" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="39.02564" municipality="Thuwal" name="Jeddah" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Jeddah</location>
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, near
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="501EED7ADC1EA55DFBFD8985FBABFE31" box="[1037,1125,399,424]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Thuwal</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="591B0F8CDC1EA55DFB818985FB34FE31" box="[1137,1274,399,424]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Abu Gishaa</collectingCounty>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC1EA55DFAF68985FA52FE31" box="[1286,1436,399,424]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" precision="1" value="22.255194">22.255194°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC1EA55DFF6789BEFEE2FE54" box="[151,300,436,461]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" precision="1" value="39.02564">39.025639°E</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC1EA55DFE8D89BEFE76FE55" box="[381,440,436,460]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="12.0">
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<elevation id="3BE89033DC1EA55DFE8D89BEFE76FE55" box="[381,440,436,460]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
, scuba, coll.
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||
<collectorName id="1D3012D6DC1EA55DFDBA89BFFD22FE54" box="[586,748,436,461]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">N.J. de Voogd</collectorName>
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, field nr. THU06/JED081,
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||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFBEA89BEFB26FE55" box="[1050,1256,436,461]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="2014-11-09">
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<collectingDate id="D43FA828DC1EA55DFBEA89BEFB26FE55" box="[1050,1256,436,461]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="2014-11-09">9 November 2014</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC1EA55DFF3789DDFA52F9E9" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF3789DDFE5AFDA1" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF3789DDFE97FE69" bold="true" box="[199,345,471,496]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Description.</emphasis>
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Extremely ‘hairy’ sycon-like ovoid sponge (
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFC7689DDFBDEFE69" box="[902,1040,471,496]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 66. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 66a–b</figureCitation>
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), whitish in situ, light beige in preservation. Size
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<quantity id="773DDAE5DC1EA55DFE8489F6FE7CFD8D" box="[372,434,508,532]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
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high,
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<quantity id="773DDAE5DC1EA55DFDF689F6FD97FD8D" box="[518,601,508,533]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
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in diameter (
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<quantity id="773DDAE5DC1EA55DFCF689F6FC8CFD8D" box="[774,834,508,532]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
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if protruding diactines are included). Consistency compressible but firm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378A4EFDEDFDC4" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" box="[199,547,580,605]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF378A4EFE6AFDC4" bold="true" box="[199,420,580,605]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Aquiferous system</emphasis>
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. Syconoid.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378A6DFC2DFB94" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF378A6DFEFBFD19" bold="true" box="[199,309,615,640]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFEB38A6DFE70FD19" box="[323,446,615,640]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 66. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 66c–f</figureCitation>
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) Articulate, with radiating structure following the syconoid aquiferous system. The wall of the sponge is pierced almost for its entire thickness by long giant diactines, and these protrude beyond the surface for a considerable distance. From the periphery to the atrial cavity there is first a thin cortical layer of small triactines, overlying a layer of pseudosagittal triactines, with the unpaired and short paired actine tangential to the surface and the long paired actine directed inwards. Next, the choanosomal skeleton (
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFB7A8AFDFAC3FC89" box="[1162,1293,759,784]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 66. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 66c–d</figureCitation>
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) consists of aligned tracts of sagittal tubar triactines with the unpaired actines directed outwards and the paired actines similarly aligned parallel to the cortical and atrial surfaces. Below this, the subatrial skeleton is formed by triactines similar to the tubar triactines but with unpaired actines elongated, also directed outwards. Finally, the atrial skeleton is formed by the basal triadiate system of tetractines, with their apical actines protruding far into the atrial cavity (
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFA9F8B8DFF0BFC5C" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 66. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 66d</figureCitation>
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). Although there is not a separate fringe, the oscular opening is surrounded by protruding diactines (
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFAC58BA6FA5AFC5C" box="[1333,1428,940,965]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 66. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 66e</figureCitation>
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) even longer than those of the main body, and these also form bundles, which give the opening a star-like appearance. The oscular rim is strengthened by rows of triactines (
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFC708BFEFC15FB94" box="[896,987,1012,1037]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[151,1436,373,1809]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURE 66. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 66f</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378C1DFB81FBA9" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" box="[199,1103,1047,1072]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF378C1DFEFEFBA9" bold="true" box="[199,304,1047,1072]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Spicules.</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFECF8C1DFE70FBA9" box="[319,446,1047,1072]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 67a–g</figureCitation>
|
||
) Diactines, triactines, pseudosagittal triactines, tetractines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378C36FF0AFB59" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Giant diactines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFE718C36FE33FBCC" box="[385,509,1084,1109]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 67a,a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFE0D8C36FDC9FBCC" box="[509,519,1084,1109]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1813,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,268,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,265,1791]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marine Ecoregions in the Western Indian Ocean with localities (numbered blue squares) from where the studied calcareous sponges were obtained. 1, Israelian Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba, 2, Saudi Arabian Red Sea, off Jeddah, 3, Eritrean Red Sea, Dahlak Archipelago, 4, Oman, Gulf of Arabia, 5, Maldives, 6, India, Lakshadweep, 7, Seychelles, Mahé region, 8, Seychelles, Amirantes, 9, Mayotte, 10, Mozambique Channel, 11, Mauritius, 12, Rodrigues, 13, South Africa, Kwazulu Natal, 14. South Africa, Port Elizabeth, 15. Nosy Be, Madagascar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271247/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), long, straight, varying in thickness from trichoxea-like thin diactines to thickly fusiform longer and shorter spicules, with endings varying from thinly sharply tapering to lance-shaped, those protruding from the main body 700–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFDC28C8EFDA4FB05" box="[562,618,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">2791</emphasis>
|
||
–4900
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFD478C8FFD14FB05" box="[695,730,1156,1180]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 4</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFD188C8EFCD7FB05" box="[744,793,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">25.8</emphasis>
|
||
–33 µm, the oscular diactines are at least
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC1EA55DFB1B8C8EFA86FB05" box="[1259,1352,1156,1181]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFABF8C8FFA52FB05" box="[1359,1436,1156,1180]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="1920-10-03">x 3–20</date>
|
||
µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378CC6FE06FA91" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Triactines of the oscular rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFDD88CC6FD43FB7C" box="[552,653,1228,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 67b</figureCitation>
|
||
), sagittal, rather strongly recurved, only a few could be measured, actines 70–130
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFEB68CFAFE5AFA91" box="[326,404,1264,1288]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="2010-10-07">x 7–10</date>
|
||
µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378D1EFACBFAB4" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" box="[199,1285,1300,1325]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Triactines of the cortical skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFDBB8D1EFD7EFAB4" box="[587,688,1300,1325]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 67c</figureCitation>
|
||
), slightly sagittal, actines 62–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFC0C8D1EFBEEFAB5" box="[1020,1056,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">111</emphasis>
|
||
–145
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFB918D1FFB4CFAB4" box="[1121,1154,1300,1325]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 5</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFB628D1EFB7BFAB4" box="[1170,1205,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">7.6</emphasis>
|
||
–9 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378D3DFB49FA01" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Pseudosagittal triactines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFE1F8D3DFD97FAC9" box="[495,601,1335,1360]" captionStart="FIGURE 73" captionStartId="119.[151,249,1932,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@119.[151,1436,481,1910]" captionTargetPageId="119" captionText="FIGURE 73. Sycettusa simplex (Jenkin, 1908), a–c, habitus of RMNH Por. 10154 from the Maldives, a, habitus in situ (photo N.J. de Voogd), b, on deck (photo N.J. de Voogd), c, preserved (scale bar = 1 cm), d, light microscopic image of cross section, e, detail of the same." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271481/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 73d</figureCitation>
|
||
), of variable shape but always clearly distinct from other triactines by having all actines of different length and usually partially curved, unpaired actines 86–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFBAB8D56FB4FFAED" box="[1115,1153,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">112</emphasis>
|
||
–132
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFB318D57FB2DFAEC" box="[1217,1251,1372,1397]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 5</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFB028D56FADBFAEC" box="[1266,1301,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">6.2</emphasis>
|
||
–7.5 µ, long paired actines 92–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFE938D8AFE43FA01" box="[355,397,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">189</emphasis>
|
||
–244
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFE3C8D8AFE23FA01" box="[460,493,1407,1432]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 5</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFE0C8D75FDD1FA01" box="[508,543,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">6.0</emphasis>
|
||
–7.5 µm, short paired actines 36–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFC668D8AFC7CFA01" box="[918,946,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">48</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFC318D75FBCAFA01" box="[961,1028,1407,1432]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="1965-10-05">65 x 5</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFBE48D8AFBF9FA0E" box="[1044,1079,1408,1431]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">5.7</emphasis>
|
||
–7 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378DAEFE12FA79" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Tubar triactines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFE758DAEFE27FA24" box="[389,489,1444,1469]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Figs 67e</figureCitation>
|
||
), sagittal, equiangular, unpaired actines 110–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFC118DAEFBC5FA25" box="[993,1035,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">124</emphasis>
|
||
–146
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFBBA8DAFFBA5FA24" box="[1098,1131,1444,1469]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 5</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFB8B8DAEFB50FA24" box="[1147,1182,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">7.6</emphasis>
|
||
–11 µm, paired actines 84–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF318DC2FF25FA79" box="[193,235,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">125</emphasis>
|
||
–193
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFEDA8DC2FE85FA79" box="[298,331,1479,1504]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 5</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFEAB8DC2FEB0FA79" box="[347,382,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">7.1</emphasis>
|
||
–10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378DE6FC1BF9B1" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Subatrial triactines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFE598DE6FDC9F99C" box="[425,519,1516,1541]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 67f</figureCitation>
|
||
), sagittal, equiangular, with unpaired actine longer than paired actines, measuring 195–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF3F8E1AFF37F9B1" box="[207,249,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">223</emphasis>
|
||
–285
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFEC88E1AFE94F9B1" box="[312,346,1551,1576]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 5</date>
|
||
–7.7–11 µm, paired actines 63–110–132
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFCD38E1AFC88F9B1" box="[803,838,1552,1576]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 4</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFCA48E05FCB9F9B1" box="[852,887,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">6.4</emphasis>
|
||
–10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378E3EFA52F9E9" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Atrial tetractines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1EA55DFE668E3EFE30F9D4" box="[406,510,1588,1613]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURE 67. Grantessa woerheidei sp.nov., holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC1EA55DFE218E3EFE30F9D4" box="[465,510,1588,1613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.7" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="g" value="67.0">67g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), with slightly curved actines, often with apical actines longest; unpaired actines 102–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF3F8E52FF37F9E9" box="[207,249,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">134</emphasis>
|
||
–186
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFEC78E52FE94F9E9" box="[311,346,1623,1648]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 4</date>
|
||
–5.6–8 µm, paired actines 99–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFD5A8E52FD1AF9E9" box="[682,724,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">144</emphasis>
|
||
–180
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFCE38E52FCFBF9E9" box="[787,821,1623,1648]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 4</date>
|
||
–5.3–7 µm, apical actines 46–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFB738E52FB63F9E9" box="[1155,1197,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">155</emphasis>
|
||
–345
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFB1B8E52FAC5F9E9" box="[1259,1291,1624,1648]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 3</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFAEC8E52FAF1F9E9" box="[1308,1343,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">5.3</emphasis>
|
||
–10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC1EA55DFF378E76FB5BF90C" box="[199,1173,1660,1685]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378E76FB5BF90C" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" box="[199,1173,1660,1685]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF378E76FE3CF90C" bold="true" box="[199,498,1660,1685]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC1EA55DFE098E76FD41F90C" box="[505,655,1660,1685]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC1EA55DFD6A8E76FD37F90D" box="[666,761,1660,1685]" country="Eritrea" name="Semenawi Keyih Bahri" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
, from shallow-water reef overhangs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC1EA55DFF378E95FE47F944" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55DFF378E95FE47F944" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF378E95FE80F921" bold="true" box="[199,334,1695,1720]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named after Professor Gert Wörheide, München, to acknowledge his important contributions to Calcarea systematics.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC1EA55EFF378EEDFDD7FC3D" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1EA55CFF378EEDFD76FED9" blockId="108.[151,1437,399,2009]" lastBlockId="109.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFF378EEDFEF5F899" bold="true" box="[199,315,1767,1792]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
On paper this species appears close to Southeast Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1EA55DFBEC8EE2FA52F899" authority="(Carter, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1052,1436,1767,1792]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFBEC8EE2FB25F899" box="[1052,1259,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Grantessa hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1EA55DFAF08EE2FA5AF899" box="[1280,1428,1767,1792]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref64963" refString="Carter, H. J. (1886) Descriptions of sponges from the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads, South Australia, continued. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 18, 34 - 55, 126 - 149. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 53334 # page / 48 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Carter, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(originally as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1EA55DFEC48F07FE0DF8BD" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1886" box="[308,451,1805,1828]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Hypograntia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1EA55DFEC48F07FE0DF8BD" box="[308,451,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hypograntia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), as redescribed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1EA55DFD578F06FC9FF8BD" box="[679,849,1804,1829]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref65722" refString="Dendy, A. (1893) Studies on the Comparative Anatomy of Sponges. V. Observations on the Structure and Classification of the Calcarea Heterocoela. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 35, 159 - 257. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 49114 # page / 169 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Dendy (1893a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1EA55DFC798F07FBA8F8BC" box="[905,1126,1804,1829]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref64746" refString="Burton, M. (1963) Revision of the classification of the calcareous sponges. British Museum (Natural History), London, 693 pp." type="book">Burton (1963: 461)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Unfortunately there are no images of this species published so far. From the description it is clear that it is a small cylindrical sponge (about
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC1EA55DFA7E8F3AFF77F8F5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
high) with hispid surface and apical fringe. However, the details provided by the latter two authors show several distinct differences with our new species: (1) the diactines protruding from the surface are given as 500–
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFADD8F7DFA52F809" box="[1325,1436,1911,1936]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="1000-10-14">1000 x 14</date>
|
||
µm, against up to 7000
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFE578F97FE17F82C" box="[423,473,1948,1973]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="1935-10">x 35</date>
|
||
µm in our specimen, (2) the apical actines of the atrial tetractines are given as up to 100
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFF3A8FCBFF3FF840" box="[202,241,1984,2009]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">x 6</date>
|
||
, against up to 345
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC1EA55DFE3F8FCBFDCCF841" box="[463,514,1984,2008]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" value="2010-10">x 10</date>
|
||
µm in our specimen, (3) the articulated skeleton is described as being irregular, whereas our specimen has a very regular tubar skeleton. The lack of differentiation in the various kinds of tri- and tetractines provided in these descriptions makes it hard to be certain of the value of these differences. At least, the length of the diactines and the atrial apical actines provide quite a different aspect in the skeletal structure. The geographic distance and temperature discrepancy between temperate SE Australian waters and the tropical
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC1FA55CFAB0890EFA52FE85" box="[1344,1436,260,285]" country="Eritrea" name="Semenawi Keyih Bahri" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
adds a further argument for specific distinctness.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E4BA2788DC1FA55CFF678F2CFBECF8E3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271459/files/figure.png" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" startId="109.[151,249,1830,1852]" targetBox="[151,1436,373,1809]" targetPageId="109">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1FA55CFF678F2CFBECF8E3" blockId="109.[151,1436,1830,1914]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1FA55CFF678F2CFED6F8A5" bold="true" box="[151,280,1830,1852]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">FIGURE 66</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1FA55CFED58F2DFDCAF8A5" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[293,516,1830,1852]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="woerheidei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1FA55CFED58F2DFDCAF8A5" box="[293,516,1830,1852]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Grantessa woerheidei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1FA55CFDFA8F2DFD9BF8A5" bold="true" box="[522,597,1831,1852]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC1FA55CFDFA8F2DFD9BF8A5" box="[522,597,1831,1852]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, a–b, habitus in situ from above and from the side (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–f, light microscopic images of skeleton, c, cross section, d, detail of c, showing choanosomal and atrial region, e, view of oscular region, f, detail of oscular rim.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E4BA2788DC1CA55FFF678EC7FEC8F8A6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271463/files/figure.png" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" startId="110.[151,249,1741,1763]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" targetPageId="110">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1CA55FFF678EC7FEC8F8A6" blockId="110.[151,1436,1741,1855]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1CA55FFF678EC7FED5F97B" bold="true" box="[151,283,1741,1763]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">FIGURE 67</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1CA55FFEDC8EC4FDC3F97A" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[300,525,1741,1763]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="woerheidei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1CA55FFEDC8EC4FDC3F97A" box="[300,525,1741,1763]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Grantessa woerheidei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1CA55FFDE68EC7FDAFF97B" bold="true" box="[534,609,1741,1762]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC1CA55FFDE68EC7FDAFF97B" box="[534,609,1741,1762]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype RMNH Por. 9586 from Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant diactine with pointed apices, a1, smaller diactine with lance head, b, triactine of the oscular rim, c, triactines of the cortical skeleton, d, pseudosagittal triactines of the subcortical region, e, tubar triactines, f, subatrial triactines, g, atrial tetractines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1CA55EFF378F6CFB8DFF61" blockId="110.[151,1436,1894,2027]" lastBlockId="111.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
There is a possibility that our new species was previously recorded from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC1CA55FFBC68F6CFBA7F8E6" box="[1078,1129,1894,1919]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Gulf</collectingRegion>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC1CA55FFB618F6CFB00F8E6" box="[1169,1230,1894,1919]" country="Yemen" name="'Adan" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Aden</collectingRegion>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1CA55FFB0B8F6DFA52F8E6" box="[1275,1436,1894,1919]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref64679" refString="Burton, M. (1959) Sponges. Scientific Reports. John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34. British Museum (Natural History), London, 10 (5), 151 - 281. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 195785 # page / 189 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Burton (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1CA55FFEA18F81FCD9F83A" authority="(Schuffner, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Schuffner" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[337,791,1930,1955]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sycilloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1CA55FFEA18F81FD8DF83A" box="[337,579,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Grantessa sycilloides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1CA55FFDA48F80FCC1F83A" box="[596,783,1930,1955]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref68666" refString="Schuffner, O. (1877) Beschreibung einiger neuer Kalkschwamme. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaft, 11, 403 - 433. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 92049 # page / 413 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Schuffner, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We reexamined Burton’s specimen (Murray Expedition station 24, nr 538) in 2004 and from our notes found this to be close in spiculation: giant diactines protruding from the surface, cortical skeleton of small triactines, an articulate main skeleton of pseudosagittal and sagittal triactines, and atrial skeleton of tetractines. In alcohol the specimen was brownish, shaggy. It is certainly unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFAB28892FE07FF4D" authority="Schuffner, 1877" authorityName="Schuffner" authorityYear="1877" class="Calcarea" family="Sycettidae" genus="Sycortis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sycilloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFAB28892FEC3FF4C" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Sycortis sycilloides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1DA55EFEE488B6FE07FF4D" box="[276,457,188,213]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref68666" refString="Schuffner, O. (1877) Beschreibung einiger neuer Kalkschwamme. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaft, 11, 403 - 433. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 92049 # page / 413 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Schuffner, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as this is largely smooth and does not have atrial tetractines. Schuffner’s species could be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFE5288EAFDB9FF61" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[418,631,223,248]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Sycettusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stauridia">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFE5288EAFDB9FF61" box="[418,631,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Sycettusa stauridia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), but this remains undecided.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1DA55EFF37890EFC64FD1C" blockId="111.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFEB7890FFE74FE85" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[327,442,261,284]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFEB7890FFE74FE85" box="[327,442,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Grantessa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is large. In our recent paper on Indonesian Calcarea, in which we described two new species, we discussed most of the species occurring in the Indo-West Pacific. We refer to this paper (pp. 82–86) for the more distantly distributed species. The two Indonesian species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFC7C8947FAA3FEFC" authority="Van Soest & De Voogd, 2015" authorityName="Van Soest & De Voogd" authorityYear="2015" box="[908,1389,332,357]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="borojevici">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFC7C8947FBD2FEFC" box="[908,1052,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">G. borojevici</emphasis>
|
||
Van Soest & De Voogd, 2015
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFF67897AFD47FE11" authority="Van Soest & De Voogd, 2015" authorityName="Van Soest & De Voogd" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,649,367,392]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenhoveni">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFF67897AFEEBFE11" box="[151,293,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">G. tenhoveni</emphasis>
|
||
Van Soest & De Voogd, 2015
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are clearly distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFC49897AFB99FE11" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[953,1111,367,392]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="woerheidei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFC49897AFB99FE11" box="[953,1111,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">G. woerheidei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFB918965FB7DFE11" bold="true" box="[1121,1203,367,392]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC1DA55EFB918965FB7DFE11" box="[1121,1203,367,392]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in having a smooth surface (with only small diactines in the cortical region) and both comprise coalescent groups of individuals. Additionally, they differ in details of their spiculation. The small diactines mentioned for the Indonesian species also occur in the widespread, smooth-surfaced
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFD5389D7FBC4FE6C" authority="(Carter, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[675,1034,476,501]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intusarticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFD5389D7FCA8FE6C" box="[675,870,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">G. intusarticulata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1DA55EFC8489D6FBCFFE6C" box="[884,1025,476,501]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref64963" refString="Carter, H. J. (1886) Descriptions of sponges from the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads, South Australia, continued. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 18, 34 - 55, 126 - 149. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 53334 # page / 48 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">Carter, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(originally as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFB5C89D7FAF5FE6D" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1886" box="[1196,1339,477,500]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Hypograntia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFB5C89D7FAF5FE6D" box="[1196,1339,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Hypograntia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC1DA55EFF6789F5FF16FD81" box="[151,216,511,536]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">South</collectingRegion>
|
||
African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFECF8A0AFD6FFD81" authority="Borojevic, 1967" authorityName="Borojevic" authorityYear="1967" box="[319,673,511,536]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rarispinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFECF8A0AFE2EFD81" box="[319,480,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">G. rarispinosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1DA55EFE1889F5FD6FFD81" box="[488,673,511,536]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref63394" refString="Borojevic, R. (1967) Spongiaires d'Afrique du Sud. (2) Calcarea. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 37 (3), 183 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359196709519066" type="journal article">Borojević, 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The latter two species lack tetractines.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFB998A0AFA52FD81" authority="(Haeckel, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1129,1436,511,536]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ramosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFB998A0AFB15FD81" box="[1129,1243,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">G. ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1DA55EFB1E89F5FA5AFD81" box="[1262,1428,511,536]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref66738" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vol. 1 - 3. G. Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp., 418 pp. & 60 pls. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 44605 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up (accessed 13 March 2018)" type="book chapter">Haeckel, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(originally as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFEC58A2EFE51FDA4" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[309,415,548,573]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Sycandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFEC58A2EFE51FDA4" box="[309,415,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Sycandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1DA55EFD978A2EFCB1FDA5" box="[615,895,548,573]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref63394" refString="Borojevic, R. (1967) Spongiaires d'Afrique du Sud. (2) Calcarea. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 37 (3), 183 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359196709519066" type="journal article">Borojević (1967, p. 204)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC1DA55EFC368A2EFB96FDA4" box="[966,1112,548,573]" name="South Africa" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC1DA55EFC368A2EFBC9FDA4" box="[966,1031,548,573]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">South</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
forms a group of coalescent individuals and has sagittal triactines with long swollen unpaired actines and tetractines likewise with swollen apical actines.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7201B9E2DC1DA55EFECD8A67FE91FD1D" box="[317,351,621,644]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFE568A67FDD7FD1D" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[422,537,621,644]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFE568A67FDD7FD1D" box="[422,537,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Grantessa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are known from the region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC1DA55EFF378A9AFDD7FC3D" blockId="111.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
We obtained a partial 28S sequence of this specimen. In our Calcarea phylogeny of
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC1DA55EFB778A85FB02FD31" box="[1159,1228,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[219,1259,212,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Maximum-likelihood tree based on analysis of sequences of the partial 28S gene (C2–D2 region, comprising 461 sites) of Western Indian Ocean Calcaronea newly generated by the Naturalis Biodiversity Center and sequences additionally obtained from GenBank, the Sponge Barcode Project and from Oliver Voigt (München) from the Red Sea, Indonesia, Australia, and a few sequences from other parts of the world, to demonstrate the affiliation of the compared species. Numbers at the root of clades are bootstrap values of 1000 replicates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271259/files/figure.png" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, which included a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFF678ABFFE28FD54" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,486,692,717]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intusarticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFF678ABFFEC4FD55" box="[151,266,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Grantessa</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFEB18ABEFE28FD54" box="[321,486,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">intusarticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequence downloaded from the Sponge Barcode Project,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFB508ABFFA52FD54" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[1184,1436,692,717]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="woerheidei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFB508ABFFA52FD54" box="[1184,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Grantessa woerheidei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFF678ADDFF27FD69" bold="true" box="[151,233,727,752]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC1DA55EFF678ADDFF27FD69" box="[151,233,727,752]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ended up in a mixed larger clade quite close to Indonesian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFC758AD3FAD9FD69" authority="(Polejaeff, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Polejaeff" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[901,1303,727,752]" class="Calcarea" family="Jenkinidae" genus="Uteopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="argentea">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFC758AD3FB9FFD69" box="[901,1105,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Uteopsis argentea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1DA55EFBAF8ADDFAC1FD69" box="[1119,1295,727,752]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref68101" refString="Polejaeff, N. (1883) Report on the Calcarea dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger', during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger', 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 8 (2), 1 - 76." type="journal article">Poléjaeff, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, away from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFF678AF7FE2CFC8C" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,482,764,789]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="intusarticulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFF678AF7FEC4FC8D" box="[151,266,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Grantessa</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFECD8AF6FE2CFC8C" box="[317,482,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">intusarticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In a trimmed alignment of three identical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFC178AF7FB76FC8D" baseAuthorityName="Polejaeff" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[999,1208,765,788]" class="Calcarea" family="Jenkinidae" genus="Uteopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="argentea">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFC178AF7FB76FC8D" box="[999,1208,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Uteopsis argentea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequences and one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFF678B2AFE5EFCA1" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,400,799,824]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="woerheidei">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFF678B2AFE5EFCA1" box="[151,400,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Grantessa woerheidei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequence of 428 sites, only 5 sites were found to be different, indicating that the two are inexplicably close.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC1DA55EFE888B4EFD9CFCC5" box="[376,594,836,861]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref70121" refString="Voigt, O., Wulfing, E. & Worheide, G. (2012) Molecular phylogenetic evaluation of classification and scenarios of character evolution in calcareous sponges (Porifera, Class Calcarea). PLOS One, 7 (3), e 33417. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0033417" type="journal article">
|
||
Voigt
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFE308B4FFE32FCC4" box="[448,508,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
already found that the family monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFB9D8B4EFB30FCC4" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1893" box="[1133,1278,836,861]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Heteropiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
could not be retrieved resulting in two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFE498B6DFD84FC19" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1893" box="[441,586,871,896]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Heteropiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
groups separated by some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFC8A8B6DFC38FC19" authorityName="Borojevic, Boury-Esnault & Vacelet" authorityYear="2000" box="[890,1014,871,896]" class="Calcarea" family="Jenkinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Jenkinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Clearly, more taxa are needed to sort out the relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC1DA55EFE6F8B87FDDCFC3D" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[415,530,909,932]" class="Calcarea" family="Heteropiidae" genus="Grantessa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC1DA55EFE6F8B87FDDCFC3D" box="[415,530,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Grantessa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |