219 lines
26 KiB
XML
219 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="A48327F131293DD923275408521C0757" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2150.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5311432" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629626226088" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kruse, James J. & Powell, Jerry A." docDate="2009" docId="BD2F87FBFFBCF40FFF70FCACFB0EFE40" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02150p078.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2150 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2150.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sparganothoides castanea" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="4116FF83FF9CF42DFFE7FFE3FFE5FFDA" masterDocTitle="Systematics of Sparganothoides Lambert and Powell, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Sparganothini)" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1699085985238" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="13E46CA1CED45355C9D9DADC248FE80B">
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<mods:title id="6DF52D12AC9BDF72C5B7DC2983818B5F">Systematics of Sparganothoides Lambert and Powell, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Sparganothini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="21D79D4B95A4066018835A41720C7C1B">Kruse, James J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E61E9604EE95589566EA627953647A00">Powell, Jerry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="39D6B91E490A854411940CCC57E3E4A7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="15B87C332D4513C37DF5526E777986AD">
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<mods:date id="7A31E8DDFDB936C6E960A03278B28A7A">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ADFAB7477BFAEDCA04B8C29FE66F2598">2009-07-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D70BA0DB84FABB32EB84515CC3A3CF29">2150</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B014B1CDB526644FF08046D84F0D4D00">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2150.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8BCB756E7D58D3A17256BB8155C0B07E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6E1E40A2EB840AED86EABEF98E695C51" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2150.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="454995091C5F43B03CB89CC48C124F23" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="BD2F87FBFFBCF40FFF70FCACFB0EFE40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5318839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5318839" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD2F87FBFFBCF40FFF70FCACFB0EFE40" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD2F87FBFFBCF40FFF70FCACFB0EFE40" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBCF40DFF70FCACFD53FCB3" box="[151,694,847,873]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF70FCACFD53FCB3" blockId="32.[151,694,847,908]" box="[151,694,847,873]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="6E718181FFBCF40DFF70FCACFD53FCB3" bold="true" box="[151,694,847,873]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF70FCACFD53FCB3" bold="true" box="[151,694,847,873]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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13.
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<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBCF40DFF24FCACFD53FCB3" ID-CoL="98DBD" authority="(Walsingham)" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[195,694,847,873]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF24FCACFE1BFCB3" bold="true" box="[195,510,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Sparganothoides castanea</emphasis>
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(Walsingham)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBCF40DFF70FC91FEC4FC56" box="[151,289,882,908]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF70FC91FEC4FC56" blockId="32.[151,694,847,908]" box="[151,289,882,908]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<figureCitation id="ADBD2A68FFBCF40DFF70FC91FF12FC56" box="[151,247,882,908]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–24" captionStartId="33.[151,269,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[192,1424,258,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-51@33.[151,1436,197,1860]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 19–24. Male genitalia of Sparganothoides; valvae spread, aedeagus removed. 19. S. castanea. 20. S. vinolenta. 21. S. ocrisana. 22. S. xenopsana. 23. S. umbosana. 24. S. probolosana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5311448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5311448/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs. 19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ADBD2A68FFBCF40DFEE3FC91FEC4FC56" box="[260,289,882,908]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–78" captionStartId="60.[151,269,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[194,1408,189,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-186@60.[186,1411,161,1662]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 61–78. Adults of Sparganothoides. 61. S. hydeana (paratype: USA: NM: Santa Fe County, Little Tesuque Canon, 9200', 27.vii – 10.viii.1932, A. Klots). 62. S. machimiana (USA: AZ: Santa Cruz County, 7 mi. SE Nogales, 1.viii.1991, P. Opler, Y. Hsu and D. Rubinoff). 63 S. laderana (holotype). 64. S. amitana (paratype). 65. S. calthograptana (holotype). 66. S. coloratana (holotype). 67. S. audentiana (holotype). 68. S. canities (paratype). 69. S. teratana (Panama: Cerro Campana, 11–14.vii.1967, O. Flint, Jr.). 70. S. carycrosana (holotype). 71. S. plemmelana (holotype). 72. S. lugens (Mexico: Veracruz: 1 mi. W Fortin, 25.xii.1963 as larva on miscellaneous leaves, emerged 20.ii.1964, C. O'Brien). 73. S. castanea (holotype). 74. S. vinolenta (Mexico: Distrito Federal: La Venta, 22.v.1938, T. Escalante). 75. S. ocrisana (paratype, male: Costa Rica: Puntarenas, Monteverde, 1350–1400m, 22–24.vii.1990, J. Powell, JAP lot 90G14, emerged 6.xi.1990). 76. S. ocrisana (paratype, female: Costa Rica: Puntarenas, Monteverde, 1350–1400m, 22–24.vii.1990, J. Powell). 77. S. xenopsana (holotype). 78. S. umbosana (holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5345530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5345530/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">73</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBCF40DFF70FC23FBABFC2D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF70FC23FDBBFC0D" blockId="32.[151,1102,960,1015]" box="[151,606,960,983]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="159611C3FFBCF40DFF70FC23FDBBFC0D" box="[151,606,960,983]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitation id="B42710FCFFBCF40DFF70FC23FDBCFC0D" author="Walsingham & Lord T. de & Grey" box="[151,601,960,983]" page="220" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1913">
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<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBCF40DFF70FC23FDBCFC0D" ID-CoL="CWWC" authority="Walsingham 1913: 220" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityPageNumber="220" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,601,960,983]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Amorbia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF70FC23FEBFFC0D" box="[151,346,960,983]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amorbia castanea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="51174B1CFFBCF40DFE87FC23FDBCFC0D" author="Walsingham & Lord T. de & Grey" box="[352,601,960,983]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref49471" refString="Walsingham, Lord T. de Grey (1913) Lepidoptera-Heteroptera. Vol. 4. Tineina, Pterophorina, Orneodina, and Pyralidina and Hepialidina (part). In Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insects. 482 pp. + figs." type="book" year="1913">Walsingham 1913: 220</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF70FC03FBABFC2D" blockId="32.[151,1102,960,1015]" box="[151,1102,992,1015]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="159611C3FFBCF40DFF70FC03FBABFC2D" box="[151,1102,992,1015]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBCF40DFF70FC03FE55FC2D" ID-CoL="98DBD" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[151,432,992,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF70FC03FE55FC2D" box="[151,432,992,1015]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Sparganothoides castanea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="B42710FCFFBCF40DFE59FC03FD98FC2D" author="Powell, J. A." box="[446,637,992,1015]" page="376" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1986">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="51174B1CFFBCF40DFE59FC03FD98FC2D" author="Powell, J. A." box="[446,637,992,1015]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="372 - 398" refId="ref49236" refString="Powell, J. A. (1986) Synopsis of the classification of Neotropical Tortricinae, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 62, 372 - 398." type="journal article" year="1986">Powell 1986: 376</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="B42710FCFFBCF40DFD6FFC03FC64FC2D" author="Powell, J. A. & Razowski, J. & Brown, J. W." box="[648,897,992,1015]" page="149" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1995">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="51174B1CFFBCF40DFD6FFC03FC64FC2D" author="Powell, J. A. & Razowski, J. & Brown, J. W." box="[648,897,992,1015]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="138 - 151" refId="ref49275" refString="Powell, J. A., Razowski, J., and Brown, J. W. (1995) Tortricidae: Tortricinae, Chlidanotinae, pp. 138 - 151. In Heppner, J. B. (ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera, Checklist Part II: Hyblaeoidea - Pyraloidea - Tortricoidea. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida." type="book chapter" year="1995">Powell et al. 1995: 149</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="B42710FCFFBCF40DFC6BFC03FBAFFC2D" author="Brown, J. W." box="[908,1098,992,1015]" page="564" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2005">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="51174B1CFFBCF40DFC6BFC03FBAFFC2D" author="Brown, J. W." box="[908,1098,992,1015]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref48538" refString="Brown, J. W. (2005) World catalogue of insects. Volume 5: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Apollo Books. 741 pp." type="book" year="2005">Brown 2005: 564</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBCF40DFF70FBC5FAEDFB6E" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF70FBC5FAEDFB6E" blockId="32.[151,1436,1062,2016]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF70FBC5FEEAFB9A" bold="true" box="[151,271,1062,1088]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. This species is easily distinguished by its forewing pattern and genitalia. The white spots among the strigulae in the subapical region of the forewing are unique to this species. The male genitalia are reminiscent of those of
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<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBCF40DFE58FB97FD68FB57" authorityName="Powell and Lambert" authorityYear="1986" box="[447,653,1140,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganopseustis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFE58FB97FD68FB57" box="[447,653,1140,1165]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Sparganopseustis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the structure of the socius/gnathos arms is consistent with
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<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBCF40DFF70FB78FEB9FB6E" authorityName="Lambert and Powell" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,348,1179,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF70FB78FEB9FB6E" box="[151,348,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Sparganothoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as is the manner in which the sacculus extends beyond the margin of the valva.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBCF40DFF21FB23FE4EF8B6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF21FB23FC3EF89C" blockId="32.[151,1436,1062,2016]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF21FB23FEB2FB00" bold="true" box="[198,343,1216,1242]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFE8FFB23FE42FB00" bold="true" box="[360,423,1216,1242]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Male</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFE5FFB23FE1EFB00" bold="true" box="[440,507,1216,1242]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Head</emphasis>
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: Frons dark reddish brown, produced; vertex roughened, dark reddish brown. Labial palpus short, II segment 1.1 times diameter of compound eye, yellowish gray mesally, reddish brown laterally. Antennae strongly pectinate, scaling reddish brown basally, yellowish gray distally.
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFAD0FAEDFA76FAF2" bold="true" box="[1335,1427,1294,1320]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Dorsum smooth scaled, dark reddish brown. Forewing length
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<quantity id="F27E9B08FFBCF40DFC96FAD6FC3EFA95" box="[881,987,1333,1359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="14.1">14.1 mm</quantity>
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(n = 1). Forewing lacking costal fold; costa strongly curved basally, ground color reddish brown basally and apically, brownish orange mesally; dark reddish brown basal fascia; distinct dark gray triangular submedian fascia extending to mid-dorsum with black spot on discal cell at lower extremity of fascia; subterminal fasciae dark reddish brown; dark gray or dark brown transverse strigulae throughout wing, ornamented with white scales in subterminal and terminal areas. Fringe pale orange to yellowish brown. Hindwing dark gray.
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFC40FA15FBC4F9CA" bold="true" box="[935,1057,1526,1552]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="ADBD2A68FFBCF40DFB4DFA15FAE4F9CA" box="[1194,1281,1526,1552]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–24" captionStartId="33.[151,269,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[192,1424,258,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-51@33.[151,1436,197,1860]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 19–24. Male genitalia of Sparganothoides; valvae spread, aedeagus removed. 19. S. castanea. 20. S. vinolenta. 21. S. ocrisana. 22. S. xenopsana. 23. S. umbosana. 24. S. probolosana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5311448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5311448/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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; slide #8302; BMNH;
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<collectingCountry id="4D91767DFFBCF40DFF18F9FEFE64F9ED" box="[255,385,1565,1591]" name="Guatemala" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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, Quezaltenango, Cerro Zunil; n = 1) with uncus long, slender, uniform in width, elbowed at nearly 90 angle at two-thirds distance from base, with long setae dorsally; tegumen unraised at base of uncus; socius rounded posteriorly, straight mesally, secondary arms short, slender, abruptly angled near tegumen, straight distad, enlarged apices symmetrically widened at apex; transtilla well sclerotized, straight, spines short, numerous over most of posterior margin, anterior lobed process reinforced with invagination at middle; valva vaguely subrectangular without sclerotized crease, costa straight in basal two-thirds, abruptly curved toward sacculus, sacculus concave and extending beyond margin of valva, pulvinus conspicuous; phallus apparently straight [damaged on slide], cornuti in dense cluster.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF21F8B1FE4EF8B6" blockId="32.[151,1436,1062,2016]" box="[198,427,1874,1900]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF21F8B1FEC4F8B6" bold="true" box="[198,289,1874,1900]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Female</emphasis>
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. Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBCF40DFF21F89BFDC4F83A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF21F89BFDACF860" blockId="32.[151,1436,1062,2016]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF21F89BFE9BF848" bold="true" box="[198,382,1912,1938]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type material</emphasis>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="85EE3CB0FFBCF40DFE70F89AFDACF860" collectingDate="1880-08" collectingDateMax="1880-09-31" collectingDateMin="1880-08" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="G. Champion" country="Guatemala" location="Male" municipality="Cerro Zunil" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="EA3D884FFFBCF40DFE70F89AFDEDF849" box="[407,520,1913,1939]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="30596036FFBCF40DFDFAF89AFDB8F849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD2F87FBFFBCF40FFF70FCACFB0EFE40:30596036FFBCF40DFDFAF89AFDB8F849" box="[541,605,1913,1939]" country="Guatemala" municipality="Cerro Zunil" name="Male" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Male</location>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4D91767DFFBCF40DFD95F89AFCC8F849" box="[626,813,1913,1939]" name="Guatemala" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: QUEZALTENANGO:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="D55DAC97FFBCF40DFBBBF89AFB14F849" box="[1116,1265,1913,1939]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cerro Zunil</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, 4000–5000’,
|
||
<date id="4138102DFFBCF40DFF70F843FEC2F860" box="[151,295,1952,1978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1880-08" valueMax="1880-09-31" valueMin="1880-08-00">
|
||
<collectingDate id="517CE9C5FFBCF40DFF70F843FEC2F860" box="[151,295,1952,1978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1880-08" valueMax="1880-09-31" valueMin="1880-08-00">viii–ix.1880</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9873533BFFBCF40DFED3F843FE2BF860" box="[308,462,1952,1978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">G. Champion</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="5397AE28FFBCF40DFE39F843FDD8F860" box="[478,573,1952,1978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="353936EDFFBCF40DFF21F825FDC4F83A" blockId="32.[151,1436,1062,2016]" box="[198,545,1990,2016]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBCF40DFF21F825FE72F83A" bold="true" box="[198,407,1990,2016]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Immature stages</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="61F96665FFBDF40CFF70F8BEFBE6F84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5311448" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5311448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5311448/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[151,269,1885,1909]" targetBox="[192,1424,258,1856]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="353936EDFFBDF40CFF70F8BEFBE6F84D" blockId="33.[151,1436,1885,1943]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFF70F8BEFE81F8AF" bold="true" box="[151,356,1885,1909]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURES 19–24.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBDF40CFDA5F8BEFD13F8AE" authorityName="Lambert and Powell" authorityYear="1986" box="[578,758,1885,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFDA5F8BEFD13F8AE" box="[578,758,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sparganothoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; valvae spread, aedeagus removed. 19.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBDF40CFB22F8BEFAA0F8AE" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1221,1349,1885,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFB22F8BEFAA0F8AE" box="[1221,1349,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. castanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBDF40CFA6FF8BEFF1FF84D" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Epagoge" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinolenta">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFA6FF8BEFF1FF84D" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. vinolenta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBDF40CFEC8F863FE42F84D" authorityName="Kruse and Powell" authorityYear="2009" box="[303,423,1920,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocrisana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFEC8F863FE42F84D" box="[303,423,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. ocrisana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 22.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBDF40CFE3BF863FD8CF84D" authorityName="Kruse and Powell" authorityYear="2009" box="[476,617,1920,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenopsana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFE3BF863FD8CF84D" box="[476,617,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. xenopsana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 23.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBDF40CFD79F863FCC3F84D" authorityName="Kruse & Powell" authorityYear="2009" box="[670,806,1920,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbosana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFD79F863FCC3F84D" box="[670,806,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. umbosana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 24.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBDF40CFCBBF863FC19F84D" authorityName="Kruse & Powell" authorityYear="2009" box="[860,1020,1920,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="probolosana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBDF40CFCBBF863FC19F84D" box="[860,1020,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. probolosana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBEF40FFF21FF74FE49FF68" box="[198,428,151,178]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="353936EDFFBEF40FFF21FF74FE49FF68" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,410]" box="[198,428,151,178]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBEF40FFF21FF74FEC7FF6B" bold="true" box="[198,290,151,177]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7D9C6566FFBEF40FFF21FF5DFB0EFE40" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="353936EDFFBEF40FFF21FF5DFB0EFE40" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,410]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBEF40FFF21FF5DFEDDFF02" bold="true" box="[198,312,190,216]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The single adult male was captured in August or September nearly 130 years ago. This species has several autapomorphies not found in congeners, including white spots among the strigulae in the subapical region of the forewing and other pattern elements, and an unusual projection of the sacculus. The uncus is twisted on the genitalia slide, the valvae are torn, and the aedeagus is crushed, further complicating interpretation of the structures. The discovery of the female and additional male specimens may provide the information necessary to clarify its relationship and confirm its placement in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2864D6EFFBEF40FFBF8FE63FB01FE43" authorityName="Lambert and Powell" authorityYear="1986" box="[1055,1252,384,409]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F2EAFFFFBEF40FFBF8FE63FB01FE43" box="[1055,1252,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sparganothoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |