treatments-xml/data/CC/6E/87/CC6E8784FFE3FFA2FF54FA65FD7AD021.xml

<document id="82A7C034C39A064CC0384AB8FFF0FBB3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.173183" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e66afec9-257b-473d-978b-1940bac0537b" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="173183" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459770881572" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares, Scarabino, Victor &amp; Absalão, Ricardo Silva" docDate="2006" docId="CC6E8784FFE3FFA2FF54FA65FD7AD021" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01267p047.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1267" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Episiphon didymum Watson 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="3057FFFCFFFAFFB8FE5CFFA4F86ED567" masterDocTitle="Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the Brazilian continental shelf and upper slope (13 º to 21 ºS) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Cadulus Philippi, 1844" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1698217274138" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="E63765497EBF775DB77074CF54D41D51">Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the Brazilian continental shelf and upper slope (13 º to 21 ºS) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Cadulus Philippi, 1844</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E625C20AD883557698CF77845BBFF76F">Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A685DD081CEC293A50DE1EFD7E69746D">Scarabino, Victor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="055F7795AF33A60009E00AB62134C6C1">Absalão, Ricardo Silva</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="84B85683E60AF5AE9906DE54D0A4B8B7">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="CC6E8784FFE3FFA2FF54FA65FD7AD021" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258426" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119347121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6258426" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC6E8784FFE3FFA2FF54FA65FD7AD021" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CC6E8784FFE3FFA2FF54FA65FD7AD021" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="0CDD6519FFE3FFA1FF54FA65F934D099" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54FA65FAD0D0BC" blockId="25.[264,702,1473,1534]" box="[264,702,1473,1499]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="1F3081FEFFE3FFA1FF54FA65FAD0D0BC" bold="true" box="[264,702,1473,1499]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FF54FA65FAD0D0BC" ID-CoL="6G83G" authority="Watson, 1879" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1879" box="[264,702,1473,1499]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Gadilinidae" genus="Episiphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="didymum">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54FA65FAD0D0BC" bold="true" box="[264,702,1473,1499]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54FA65F995D0BC" bold="true" box="[264,507,1473,1499]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Episiphon didymum</emphasis>
(Watson, 1879)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54FA40F934D099" blockId="25.[264,702,1473,1534]" box="[264,346,1508,1534]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<figureCitation id="DCFC2A17FFE3FFA1FF54FA40F934D099" box="[264,346,1508,1534]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 73" captionStartId="27.[264,382,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[305,1290,310,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[305,1290,304,1682]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 73. Genus Episiphon, Entalina, Polyschides and Cadulus. (57) Episiphon didymum, IBUFRJ 14310, 7 mm; (58 – 59) Episiphon sowerbyi, IBUFRJ 14250, 8 mm; (60 – 61) Entalina platamodes, IBUFRJ 13793, 10 mm; (62 – 63) Polyschides portoricensis, IBUFRJ 10576, 7 mm; (64 – 65) Polyschides tetraschistus, (64) Holotype BMNH 1887.2. 9.66, 7 mm, (65) IBUFRJ 14280, 6 mm; (66 – 69) Cadulus parvus, (66) Holotype USNM 314713, 5 mm, (67 – 69) IBUFRJ 9858, 5 mm; (70 – 71) Cadulus eliezeri n. sp., Holotype IBUFRJ 10810, 3 mm; (72 – 73) Cadulus nerta n. sp., Holotype IBUFRJ 14314, 3 mm. Scale bar = 50 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/173187/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CDD6519FFE3FFA1FF54F988FBA8D244" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54F988FBD2D324" blockId="25.[264,1323,1580,1827]" box="[264,956,1580,1603]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54F988F979D324" box="[264,279,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">+</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FF4BF988FAD0D324" authority="Watson 1879: 517" authorityName="Watson" authorityPageNumber="517" authorityYear="1879" box="[279,702,1580,1603]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Dentaliidae" genus="Dentalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="didymum">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF4BF988F99DD324" box="[279,499,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Dentalium didymum</emphasis>
Watson 1879: 517
</taxonomicName>
; 1886: 10, pl. 1, fig. 11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54F9E8FC31D304" blockId="25.[264,1323,1580,1827]" box="[264,1119,1612,1635]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54F9E8F99AD304" box="[264,500,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
+ 
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FF4BF9E8F99AD304" box="[279,500,1612,1635]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Dentaliidae" genus="Dentalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ensiculus">Dentalium ensiculus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FFA7F9E8FBA4D304" authority="Pilsbry and Sharp 1897: 123" authorityName="Pilsbry and Sharp" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1897" box="[507,970,1612,1635]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="variety" variety="didymum">
var. 
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FC75F9E8FAE4D304" box="[553,650,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">didymum</emphasis>
: Pilsbry and Sharp 1897: 123
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 7, fig. 20.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54F9C8F9C4D3C4" blockId="25.[264,1323,1580,1827]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54F9C8FAFCD3E4" box="[264,658,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
+ 
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FF4BF9C8FAFCD3E4" authority="Henderson 1920: 83" authorityName="Henderson" authorityPageNumber="83" authorityYear="1920" box="[279,658,1644,1667]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Dentaliidae" genus="Dentalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="didymum" subGenus="Bathoxiphus">Dentalium (Bathoxiphus) didymum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
: Henderson 1920: 83, pl. 14, fig. 10; Maury 1922: 39; Turner 1955: 314.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54F908FCAFD3A4" blockId="25.[264,1323,1580,1827]" box="[264,1217,1708,1731]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54F908F979D3A4" box="[264,279,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">+</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FF4BF908FB5ED3A4" authority="Emerson 1952: 5" authorityName="Emerson" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1952" box="[279,816,1708,1731]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Dentaliidae" genus="Dentalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="johnsoni" subGenus="Episiphon">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF4BF908FA1CD3A4" box="[279,626,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Dentalium (Episiphon) johnsoni</emphasis>
Emerson 1952: 5
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1, fig. 2; Penna­Neme 1974: 114.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54F968FCF3D264" blockId="25.[264,1323,1580,1827]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54F968F99ED384" box="[264,496,1740,1763]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
+ 
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FF4BF968F99ED384" ID-CoL="6G83G" authority="Scarabino 1985: 200" authorityName="Scarabino" authorityPageNumber="200" authorityYear="1985" box="[279,496,1740,1763]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Gadilinidae" genus="Episiphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="didymum">Episiphon didymum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
: Scarabino 1985: 200, pl. 73, fig. 1024; 1994: 308, pl. 107, fig. 1512; Díaz and Puyana 1994: 257, pl. 71, fig. 1044; Steiner and Kabat 2001: 444; 2004: 584.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE3FFA1FF54F8A8FBA8D244" blockId="25.[264,1323,1580,1827]" box="[264,966,1804,1827]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE3FFA1FF54F8A8F98BD244" box="[264,485,1804,1827]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
+ 
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE3FFA1FF4BF8A8F98BD244" ID-CoL="6FVRD" authority="Redfern 2001: 190" authorityName="Redfern" authorityPageNumber="190" authorityYear="2001" box="[279,485,1804,1827]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Gadilinidae" genus="Episiphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="didymus">Episiphon didymus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
: Redfern 2001: 190, pl. 76, figs. 782a, 782b.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CDD6519FFE0FFA2FF54FEB8F9CFD499" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF54FEB8F9C7D452" blockId="26.[264,778,284,350]" box="[264,425,284,309]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FF54FEB8F9C7D452" box="[264,425,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="9B7C8830FFE0FFA2FF54FEB8F951D452" box="[264,319,284,309]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF64FEE0FB64D439" blockId="26.[264,778,284,350]" box="[312,778,324,350]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="9B7C8830FFE0FFA2FF64FEE0F9CDD439" box="[312,419,324,350]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="22D6AE57FFE0FFA2FFF6FEE0FA6CD439" box="[426,514,324,350]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">BMNH</collectionCode>
1887.2.9.43–44, 2 dd.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF54FE30F9F0D4CA" blockId="26.[264,1324,404,510]" box="[264,414,404,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FF54FE30F9F0D4CA" box="[264,414,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="9B7C8830FFE0FFA2FF54FE30F951D4CA" box="[264,319,404,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF64FE18F9CFD499" blockId="26.[264,1324,404,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
off Culebra Island, 
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FC7FFE18FAC9D4B2" box="[547,679,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Challenger</emphasis>
sta 24, 
<geoCoordinate id="21F35055FFE0FFA2FD56FE18FB49D4B1" box="[778,807,444,470]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="15" value="18.641666">18</geoCoordinate>
º38’30&quot;N, 
<geoCoordinate id="21F35055FFE0FFA2FDFBFE18FC54D4B1" box="[935,1082,444,470]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="15" value="-65.09167">65º05’30&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="833F9B77FFE0FFA2FA15FE18FCF8D4B1" box="[1097,1174,444,470]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.12" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="712.0">712 m</quantity>
(by original designation).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CDD6519FFE0FFA2FF54FD90FC0AD7A1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF54FD90F911D72A" blockId="26.[264,1326,564,710]" box="[264,383,564,589]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FF54FD90F911D72A" box="[264,383,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF64FDF8FC0AD7A1" blockId="26.[264,1326,564,710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Shell to 
<quantity id="833F9B77FFE0FFA2FFFEFDF8F997D711" box="[418,505,604,630]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
long, slender, solid, almost straight, yellow­white, smooth, glossy. Apical, oral diameters nearly equal. Apical callous present, non­centric, lumen small. An extended pipe often present. Section subtriangular to suboval throughout.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CDD6519FFE0FFA2FF54FD58FAF5D659" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF54FD58F988D672" blockId="26.[264,667,764,830]" box="[264,486,764,789]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FF54FD58F988D672" box="[264,486,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF64FC80FAF5D659" blockId="26.[264,667,764,830]" box="[312,667,804,830]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">IBUFRJ 14310, sta C13, 1 dd.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CDD6519FFE0FFA2FF54FCD0FA53D119" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF54FCD0F9F9D6EA" blockId="26.[264,1325,884,1150]" box="[264,407,884,909]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FF54FCD0F9F9D6EA" box="[264,407,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF64FC38FA53D119" blockId="26.[264,1325,884,1150]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Caribbean Sea: South Dry 
<collectingCountry id="3CD07602FFE0FFA2FCCDFC38FA99D6D1" box="[657,759,924,950]" name="Haiti" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
(Turner 1955); 
<collectingCountry id="3CD07602FFE0FFA2FD95FC38FC21D6D1" box="[969,1103,924,950]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porto Rico</collectingCountry>
(Emerson 1952); 
<collectingCountry id="3CD07602FFE0FFA2FF54FC60F919D6B9" box="[264,375,964,990]" name="Barbados" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Barbados</collectingCountry>
(Henderson 1920); North of St. Thomas, 
<collectingCountry id="3CD07602FFE0FFA2FDD8FC60FC43D6B9" box="[900,1069,964,990]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
(Emerson 1952), off Culebra Island (Watson 1879; Emerson 1952); 
<collectingCountry id="3CD07602FFE0FFA2FD72FC48FBCCD161" box="[814,930,1004,1030]" name="Colombia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(Díaz &amp; Puyana 1994); 
<collectingCountry id="3CD07602FFE0FFA2FAE3FC48FD45D161" box="[1215,1323,1004,1030]" name="Bahamas" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(Redfern 2001); 
<collectingCountry id="3CD07602FFE0FFA2FF8EFBB0FA70D149" box="[466,542,1044,1070]" name="Brazil" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brazil</collectingCountry>
: off Amapá and Maranhão (Penna­Neme 1974; Scarabino 1985, 1994), Bahia (this study). Living 
<quantity id="833F9B77FFE0FFA2FCFCFB98FA80D131" box="[672,750,1084,1110]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.39" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="439.0">439 m</quantity>
(Emerson 1952), shells 
<quantity id="833F9B77FFE0FFA2FA45FB98FCDED131" box="[1049,1200,1084,1110]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="8.3" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="445.0" valueMax="830.0" valueMin="60.0">60 to 830 m</quantity>
(Emerson 1952; Penna­Neme 1974).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CDD6519FFE0FFA2FF54FB10FD7AD021" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF54FB10F900D1AA" blockId="26.[264,1323,1204,1350]" box="[264,366,1204,1229]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FF54FB10F900D1AA" box="[264,366,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44783692FFE0FFA2FF64FB78FD7AD021" blockId="26.[264,1323,1204,1350]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Emerson (1952) stated that mature specimens range from 
<quantity id="833F9B77FFE0FFA2FDBAFB78FC11D191" box="[998,1151,1244,1270]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="17.0">17 to 28 mm</quantity>
long, with the Brazilian specimen being shorter. The shell illustrated by Abbott (1974: 387, fig. 4525) as 
<taxonomicName id="83C74D11FFE0FFA2FF54FA88FACBD022" box="[264,677,1324,1349]" class="Scaphopoda" family="Dentaliidae" genus="Dentalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dentaliida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="didymum" subGenus="Bathoxiphus">
<emphasis id="76B3EA80FFE0FFA2FF54FA88FACBD022" box="[264,677,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Dentalium (Bathoxiphus) didymum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
do not fit to this species, being notably more curved.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>