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<document id="4E4D8F609195BCD364BC8028B7BC886D" ID-CLB-Dataset="5915" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3764.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b39bc65b-aa5a-4c56-a04a-3b0a28a5f039" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5045612" ID-ZooBank="60207805-8A9F-4C48-9DD7-27649E2A4BE6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623111510211" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Castro, Peter &amp; Naruse, Tohru" docDate="2014" docId="C5176E384D3A577D00C0F8E9FF12E1AB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03764p180.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3764 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Neopalicus halihali Castro &amp; Naruse 2014, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="179" masterDocId="392E16404D3C57770057FFABFFFFE50B" masterDocTitle="New species of Latreillopsis Henderson, 1888 (Brachyura: Homolidae) and Neopalicus Moosa &amp; Serène, 1981 (Brachyura: Palicidae) from the Hawaiian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="169" pageNumber="175" updateTime="1699002576160" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A5F821FBFABB4AAD4A3254E638D9119B">New species of Latreillopsis Henderson, 1888 (Brachyura: Homolidae) and Neopalicus Moosa &amp; Serène, 1981 (Brachyura: Palicidae) from the Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A48EAA02184D4632FBAA6A3A474E9EDC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="38721E0CDE429433E723F7C51D9DA7B7">
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<mods:namePart id="6E9B38D33EC7B8CCABFB7289C7EB785D">Castro, Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="54DA37D953F4E73393BD3CAB90997B20">Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768 - 4032, USA.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="E88820AFFC9DE06D35DC63A6F4E94550">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="19E19AAC4DDE444777B733A26FD83BE5">Naruse, Tohru</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="378B5813A048B7CD88BAB4FFA7005E07">Tropical Biosphere Research Center, Iriomote Station, University of the Ryukyus, 870 Uehara, Taketomi, Okinawa 907 - 1541, Japan. E-mail: naruse @ lab. u-ryukyu. ac. jp</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:titleInfo id="485DEBCB3B02FD7CBC3D6B3FCB1108D2">
<mods:title id="BC40FEB87222A551B01BEE53CD92C9CC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4C050754CC58D724BE163FC9155410B1">
<mods:date id="CCF15ED1533AB112E0B780195848C872">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3263BE8A195489D04DBA083C6B0910FB" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="45D7FABABE97EA663F72B4B1B1A7753B">2014-02-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="859A37AC91BE4F5930D853AE3A435683" type="volume">
<mods:number id="64EA1D594F91EA0C69ABB8AA75E3411A">3764</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F7A34BC8022023823B50598DD946AA51" type="issue">
<mods:number id="8AAD98A6EB4EF1B9FA58C43B6CA8AC78">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8B62A79A05BCFB8419869684E43B3B36">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="48A2CA3F8482C753D33B15C0BF81C7C6" type="CLB-Dataset">5915</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A0D6DF0A965A771BB072BFB94CC6949B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3764.2.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="737D98F8C22939378145C0F661274E50" type="GBIF-Dataset">b39bc65b-aa5a-4c56-a04a-3b0a28a5f039</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FC67650B70C1642682FD086D777C4A73" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C5176E384D3A577D00C0F8E9FF12E1AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045669" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183227362" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5045669" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5176E384D3A577D00C0F8E9FF12E1AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C5176E384D3A577D00C0F8E9FF12E1AB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
<subSubSection id="05A48CA54D3A577100C0F8E9FE40E250" box="[151,447,1858,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D3A577100C0F8E9FE40E250" blockId="6.[151,447,1858,1919]" box="[151,447,1858,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
<heading id="164968424D3A577100C0F8E9FE40E250" bold="true" box="[151,447,1858,1883]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" reason="2">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D3A577100C0F8E9FE40E250" bold="true" box="[151,447,1858,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D3A577100C0F8E9FE86E250" ID-CoL="46P4J" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,377,1858,1883]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">Neopalicus halihali</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D3A577101D7F8E9FE40E250" box="[384,447,1858,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D3A577101D7F8E9FE68E250" box="[384,407,1858,1883]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" reason="1">n.</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A48CA54D3A577100C0F8CDFEEDE274" box="[151,274,1894,1919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D3A577100C0F8CDFEEDE274" blockId="6.[151,447,1858,1919]" box="[151,274,1894,1919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
(
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D3A577100C8F8CDFF11E274" box="[159,238,1894,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D3A577100ADF8CDFEF7E274" box="[250,264,1894,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A48CA54D3A577100C0F805FD42E2E0" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D3A577100C0F805FD42E2E0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1966,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
<materialsCitation id="FDD6D5734D3A577100C0F805FD42E2E0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312226303" collectingDate="2112-10-26" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Mike Severns &amp; Shirley Speer" elevation="91" location="Ovigerous" municipality="southwestern Maui" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" specimenCode="USNM 121140" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D3A577100C0F805FEF4E2CD" box="[151,267,1966,1991]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D3A577100C0F805FEFBE2CC" bold="true" box="[151,260,1966,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
<typeStatus id="9205618C4D3A577100C0F805FEFBE2CC" box="[151,260,1966,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="486189F54D3A57710144F805FE77E2CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5176E384D3A577D00C0F8E9FF12E1AB:486189F54D3A57710144F805FE77E2CC" box="[275,392,1966,1991]" municipality="southwestern Maui" name="Ovigerous" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Ovigerous</location>
female,
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D3A577101BDF805FDBEE2CD" box="[490,577,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D3A57710237F805FD46E2CD" box="[608,697,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
, off
<collectingMunicipality id="AD6545544D3A577102B9F805FC38E2CC" box="[750,967,1966,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">southwestern Maui</collectingMunicipality>
, dredged,
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D3A5771046BF805FB89E2CD" box="[1084,1142,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" unit="m" value="91.0">
<elevation id="C693381D4D3A5771046BF805FB89E2CD" box="[1084,1142,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" unit="m" value="91.0">91 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D3A577104D1F805FB31E2CC" box="[1158,1230,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" unit="ft" value="300.0">
<elevation id="C693381D4D3A577104D1F805FB31E2CC" box="[1158,1230,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" unit="ft" value="300.0">300 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectorName id="E04BBAF84D3A577104B5F805FA81E2CC" box="[1250,1406,1966,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Mike Severns</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E04BBAF84D3A577100C0F879FED0E2E0" box="[151,303,2002,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Shirley Speer</collectorName>
coll.,
<date id="3900F9EE4D3A57710123F879FE0EE2E0" box="[372,497,2002,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" value="2112-10-26">
<collectingDate id="294400064D3A57710123F879FE0EE2E0" box="[372,497,2002,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" value="2112-10-26">26.10.2112</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="1D1877554D3A57710257F879FD4DE2E0" box="[512,690,2002,2027]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="Museum">USNM 121140</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="19C18FA64D3B577000C0F8FEFD30E281" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="176" startId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" targetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D3B577000C0F8FEFD30E281" blockId="7.[151,1435,1877,1930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D3B577000C0F8FEFEEDE261" bold="true" box="[151,274,1877,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="176">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D3B5770014FF8FEFE20E260" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[280,479,1877,1899]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D3B5770014FF8FEFE20E260" box="[280,479,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="176">Neopalicus halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D3B577001B2F8FDFDE1E260" bold="true" box="[485,542,1878,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="176">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D3B577001B2F8FDFDE1E260" box="[485,542,1878,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="176" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="19C18FA64D34577F00C0FA70FBA8E31B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="177" startId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" targetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D34577F00C0FA70FBA8E31B" blockId="8.[151,1435,1499,1552]" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D34577F00C0FA70FEEBE0FA" bold="true" box="[151,276,1499,1521]" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D34577F014AFA70FE19E0FA" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[285,486,1499,1521]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D34577F014AFA70FE19E0FA" box="[285,486,1499,1521]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">Neopalicus halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D34577F01B9FA77FDD6E0FA" bold="true" box="[494,553,1500,1521]" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D34577F01B9FA77FDD6E0FA" box="[494,553,1500,1521]" pageId="8" pageNumber="177" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="05A48CA54D34577E0090F997FE88E13E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="8" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D34577F0090F997FE32E2E9" blockId="8.[151,1436,1596,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D34577F0090F997FDBEE35E" bold="true" box="[199,577,1596,1621]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="177" reason="1">
Description of female
<typeStatus id="9205618C4D34577F0184F997FDC3E35E" box="[467,572,1596,1621]" pageId="8" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Carapace subquadrate (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D34577F0304F997FC5BE35E" box="[851,932,1596,1621]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D34577F03E5F997FC30E35E" box="[946,975,1596,1621]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">5a</figureCitation>
), slightly wider than long (cl/cw = 0.9); small size; dorsal surface covered with fine granules; horizontal row of 6 large, low, granular bosses across carapace posterior to conspicuously elevated mesogastric region; bosses with numerous short plumose setae. Confluence of branchial, mesogastric regions depressed; depression along median portion of frontal region. Short, bilobed rostrum. Frontal border of carapace lateral to rostrum with single, rounded frontal lobe slightly salient anteriorly. Margin between frontal lobes, supraorbital border sinuous, ending in sharp angle, forming deep Vshaped fissure before supraorbital border. Supraorbital border with 2 rounded lobes (right outer lobe missing), inner lobe slightly larger than outer lobe. Postorbital angles short, rounded, not extending beyond dorsal border of retracted eye peduncle, nearly straight. Anterolateral border of carapace (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D34577F038DF8F6FBD3E27D" box="[986,1068,1885,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="177">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
) with 3 large, salient, triangular teeth with acute tips, plus short, blunt fourth teeth; teeth decrease in size posteriorly, first (anteriormost) largest, most conspicuous. Posterior border with row of short, elongated tubercles, few plumose setae; 2 rows of rounded tubercles anterior to border.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FF3CFB1DE44B" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
Basal antennal article (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E0186FF3CFDD9E5BB" box="[465,550,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
) slender, rectangular, with wide, long, wing-like extension on outer margin; flagellum long, with few short, simple setae. Epistome dorso-ventrally expanded, forming broad, semicircular, nearly flat median lobe; 2 acute teeth on median margin. Ocular peduncle (basophthalmite) (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E04FCFF74FB02E5F3" box="[1195,1277,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
) thick, with 3 dorsal, triangular, crest-like tubercles, median tubercle largest, rounded tubercle on distal extension of peduncle nearly encircled by cornea. Cornea dorso-ventrally depressed, wider than base of ocular peduncle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FEE7FDF2E4A6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
Suborbital border (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E01CBFEE7FE12E46E" box="[412,493,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
) with 2 lobes; short, rounded inner lobe, wider, slightly convex, rounded outer lobe with microscopically dented margin. Pterygostomial lobes projecting ventrally, forming flat, rounded structure posterior to inner suborbital lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FE13FDB6E4FE" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Inner margins of third maxilliped ischium straight; surface granular, upper margin rounded. Merus much narrower than ischium, straight-edged.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FE54FA62E78E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
Chelipeds (P1) (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E01D1FE54FE31E713" box="[390,462,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) slightly unequal; propodus of larger cheliped slightly higher, thicker than smaller cheliped, few plumose setae. Dorsal, outer margin of cheliped propodus with crest having 2 high, rounded tubercles plus several smaller tubercles, denticles; inner surface bare of setae; fingers slender, with cutting edges or rounded teeth. Carpus short, dorsal, outer margin with conspicuous, high, rounded tubercle; merus slender, smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FD24FC26E6C3" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
Ambulatory legs (P2–P4) (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E01AFFD24FDAAE7A3" box="[504,597,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Figs. 4a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E0235FD24FD83E7A3" box="[610,636,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">5c</figureCitation>
) dorsoventrally flattened; P2 shorter than P3, P4; P3 nearly as long as P4. Upper, lower margins of P3, P4 meri with several short, tooth-like tubercles; distalmost upper margins angular, without distinctive tubercle. Outer margins of P3, P4 carpi with 2 or 3 triangular, tooth-like tubercles, distalmost largest. Outer margins of P3, P4 propodi smooth, inner margins armed with 6 or 7 short teeth, low carina along middle portion. P3, P4 dactyli (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E01A9FCB4FDB0E633" box="[510,591,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5c</figureCitation>
) with long, inner margins armed with 5 or 6 short teeth, low carina along middle portion. Few long plumose setae on inner, outer margins of P2–P4 meri, distal portion of carpi; numerous long plumose setae on inner surface of propodi, dactyli. P5 (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E031FFCCCFC73E68B" box="[840,908,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) reduced (0.8 cl), dorsal to P4; merus slender, with microscopic tubercles along inner margin, scattered plumose setae; propodus with 3 long spines along inner margin; dactylus with microscopic tubercles along margins, acuminate tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FC7FFCC9E104" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Abdomen with all somites freely articulating, outer surface smooth without transversal ridges. Vulva small, on thoracic sternite 6 but displaced to median plate of sternum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FBB7FE88E13E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,375,1052,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
<collectingRegion id="8F7A11CC4D35577E0090FBB7FEFEE13E" box="[199,257,1052,1077]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Male</collectingRegion>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A48CA54D35577E0090FB94FB8DE176" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FB94FB8DE176" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0090FB94FEB1E153" bold="true" box="[199,334,1087,1112]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" reason="1">Etymology.</emphasis>
Reduplication for emphasis of
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0291FBEBFD0DE153" box="[710,754,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">hali</emphasis>
, Hawaiian for “to transport,” in reference to the carrying behavior recorded in the new species. The name is treated as a Latin noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A48CA54D35577D0090FB2CFF12E1AB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FB2CFE9BE0CB" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0090FB2CFEC4E1AB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1159,1184]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0112FB23FDDBE1AB" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[325,548,1160,1184]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0112FB23FDDBE1AB" box="[325,548,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Neopalicus halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0278FB2CFD8EE1AB" bold="true" box="[559,625,1159,1184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D35577E0278FB2CFD8EE1AB" box="[559,625,1159,1184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is assigned to
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0373FB23FB45E1AB" authority="Moosa &amp; Serene, 1981" authorityName="Moosa &amp; Serene" authorityYear="1981" box="[804,1210,1159,1184]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0373FB23FC5DE1AB" box="[804,930,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Neopalicus</emphasis>
Moosa &amp; Serène, 1981
</taxonomicName>
, as re-described by
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D35577E00C0FB07FE8DE1CE" author="Castro, P." box="[151,370,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro (2000: 548)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E01D7FB07FE01E1CF" authorityName="Moosa &amp; Serene" authorityYear="1981" box="[384,510,1196,1220]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E01D7FB07FE01E1CF" box="[384,510,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Neopalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
until now consisted of three Indo-West Pacific species:
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E04DDFB06FF25E1E3" authority="(Rathbun, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E04DDFB06FADCE1CF" box="[1162,1315,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. contractus</emphasis>
(Rathbun, 1902)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E00BBFB7AFDF2E1E3" authority="(White, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[236,525,1231,1256]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Cymopolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jukesii">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E00BBFB7AFEA3E1E3" box="[236,348,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. jukesii</emphasis>
(White, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0203FB7AFC88E1E3" authority="Castro, 2010" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[596,887,1231,1256]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0203FB7AFD2FE1E3" box="[596,720,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. simulus</emphasis>
Castro, 2010
</taxonomicName>
. The new species shares with its congeners a subquadrate carapace with horizontal rows of large and low bosses on its dorsal surface; large, spherical (not rheniform) eyes with ocular peduncles each having three dorsal tubercles, supraorbital borders with two rounded lobes; basal antennal article with a flattened expansion; dorso-ventrally flattened, expanded epistome, without an apparent median fissure; P2–P4 with dorso-ventrally flattened (not filiform) carpi, propodi, and dactyli; spinous posterior margins of the P5 propodus; and abdomen of adult females with all somites freely articulating (see
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D35577E0504FA2FFEF5E0CB" author="Castro, P." pageId="9" pageNumber="178" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000: 548</bibRefCitation>
, tab. 1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577E0090FA67FD84E20E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
There are nevertheless differences between
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0299FA66FCB4E0EF" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[718,843,1484,1508]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0299FA66FD1EE0EF" box="[718,737,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E02A3FA67FCB4E0EF" box="[756,843,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E030FFA67FC62E0EE" bold="true" box="[856,925,1484,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D35577E030FFA67FC62E0EE" box="[856,925,1484,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and its three congeners: presence of three triangular teeth along each anterolateral border (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E02E1FA44FCF9E303" box="[694,774,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
) instead of two large truncated teeth (
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D35577E04E6FA44FAC0E303" author="Castro, P." box="[1201,1343,1519,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 39; 2010: fig. 1A, B), presence of a small fourth anterolateral tooth absent in congeners, P3 and P4 propodi with simple margins (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E0157F99CFEAEE35B" box="[256,337,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
) without a wide and convex extension (
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D35577E0345F99CFC5EE35B" author="Castro, P." box="[786,929,1591,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 39; 2010: fig. 1A, B), P2 and P3 dactyli posterior margins dentate (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E0198F9F7FDDDE37E" box="[463,546,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5c</figureCitation>
) instead of entire, and female abdomen with smooth somites instead of the presence of ridges. The rostrum is bilobed as in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0293F92AFCA2E393" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[708,861,1665,1688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0293F92AFCA2E393" box="[708,861,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. contractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E03CFF92AFBFBE393" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[920,1028,1664,1688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Cymopolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jukesii">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E03CFF92AFBFBE393" box="[920,1028,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. jukesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D35577E0443F9D4FB5AE393" author="Castro, P." box="[1044,1189,1663,1688]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 39) but different from the simple rostrum of
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E018EF90EFDAEE3B7" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[473,593,1700,1724]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E018EF90EFDAEE3B7" box="[473,593,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Castro 2010: fig. 1A, B). The suborbital border consists of two slightly convex lobes (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E016BF96CFE6EE3EB" box="[316,401,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
), similar to
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E024BF962FD6BE3EB" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[540,660,1736,1760]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E024BF962FD6BE3EB" box="[540,660,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Castro 2010: fig 1C), but different from the triangular lobes of the other two congeners (
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D35577E01DFF947FDE9E20E" author="Castro, P." box="[392,534,1772,1797]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 40).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D35577D0090F8BBFEE1E4A6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,1184]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0090F8BBFE56E223" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[199,425,1808,1832]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0090F8BBFE56E223" box="[199,425,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Neopalicus halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E01E1F8A4FE04E223" bold="true" box="[438,507,1807,1832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D35577E01E1F8A4FE04E223" box="[438,507,1807,1832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is closest to
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E02F3F8BAFCDFE223" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[676,800,1808,1832]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E02F3F8BAFCDFE223" box="[676,800,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, another small-size species known only from
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D35577E0519F8A4FEF7E246" name="French Polynesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
. In addition to the similarities and differences indicated above, the new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0573F89EFA64E247" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[1316,1435,1844,1868]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0573F89EFA64E247" box="[1316,1435,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a row of low, elongated tubercles on the posterior border of the carapace (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E04D2F8FCFB26E27B" box="[1157,1241,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
) (short, rounded tubercles, one at each end, plus three median tubercles in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E0373F8D6FC64E29F" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[804,923,1916,1940]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E0373F8D6FC64E29F" box="[804,923,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); basal antennal article with wide, long outer extension (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D35577E0141F80BFE94E2B2" box="[278,363,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
) (short, wing-like extension in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D35577E02B7F80AFCA5E2B3" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[736,858,1952,1976]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D35577E02B7F80AFCA5E2B3" box="[736,858,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="178">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Castro 2010: fig. 1C); outer margin of cheliped propodus with a conspicuous crest consisting of two high, rounded tubercles plus several smaller tubercles and denticles (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D36577D015BFF3CFEA0E5BB" box="[268,351,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
) (two high, rounded tubercles and no crest in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D032DFF32FC0DE5BB" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[890,1010,152,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D032DFF32FC0DE5BB" box="[890,1010,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Castro 2010: fig. 1A); dorsal, outer margin of cheliped carpus with a conspicuous, high, rounded tubercle (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D36577D03FBFF17FC03E5DE" box="[940,1020,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
) (smooth in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D04DEFF16FB00E5DF" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[1161,1279,188,212]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D04DEFF16FB00E5DF" box="[1161,1279,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Castro 2010: fig. 1A); outer margins of P3 and P4 carpi with tooth-like tubercles and denticles (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D36577D041FFF74FB64E5F3" box="[1096,1179,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
), inner margin dentate (outer margin with rounded tubercles, smooth inner margin in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D030EFEAEFC2FE417" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[857,976,260,284]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D030EFEAEFC2FE417" box="[857,976,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Castro 2010: fig. 1A); outer margins of P4 propodi with microscopic tubercles (entire, with wide, convex, carina-like extension in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D049DFE82FABAE44B" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[1226,1349,296,320]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D049DFE82FABAE44B" box="[1226,1349,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); inner margins of P3 and P4 dactyli dentate (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D36577D0201FEE7FD57E46E" box="[598,680,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[210,1430,199,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-232@8.[152,1435,193,1478]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, right half cephalothorax; b, right half of orbit, anteroventral view; c, dactylus of P4, left, ventral view. Scales: a–c = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045624/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Fig. 5c</figureCitation>
) (entire in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D037AFEE6FC5AE46F" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[813,933,332,356]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D037AFEE6FC5AE46F" box="[813,933,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Castro 2010: fig. 1A); and smooth female abdomen, without transversal ridges (transversal ridge along each somite 1–4, less pronounced in other somites in
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D00C0FE3EFEF2E4A7" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,269,404,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D00C0FE3EFEF2E4A7" box="[151,269,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D36577D0090FE1CFE6DE788" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">
The male of the new species remains unknown. Males of the three congeners are characterized by having elongated abdomens with all somites freely articulating, and a long and slender G1 with sinuous basal portion but very different terminal portions (see
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D36577D0261FE54FD3CE713" author="Castro, P." box="[566,707,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 41a–c for
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D0327FDAAFBF8E713" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[880,1031,513,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0327FDAAFBF8E713" box="[880,1031,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. contractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D0417FDAAFB55E713" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[1088,1194,512,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Cymopolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jukesii">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0417FDAAFB55E713" box="[1088,1194,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. jukesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 2010: fig. 1D for
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D05D5FDAAFF13E737" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D05D5FDAAFF13E737" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Although some of the differences between the chelipeds of the new species and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D04CDFD8EFAEDE737" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[1178,1298,548,572]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D04CDFD8EFAEDE737" box="[1178,1298,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be sex related, the characters of the female
<typeStatus id="9205618C4D36577D0261FDECFD67E76B" box="[566,664,583,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
alone are distinctive enough to warrant its description as a separate species of
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D015AFDC7FE74E78F" authorityName="Moosa &amp; Serene" authorityYear="1981" box="[269,395,620,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D015AFDC7FE74E78F" box="[269,395,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Neopalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D36577D0090FD3BFE1AE6CC" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D0090FD3BFE3BE7A3" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[199,452,656,680]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0090FD3BFE3BE7A3" box="[199,452,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Neopalicus contractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from across the Indian (
<typeStatus id="9205618C4D36577D0319FD24FC7FE7A3" box="[846,896,655,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D36577D03B9FD24FBA7E7A3" box="[1006,1112,655,680]" name="Maldives" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Maldives</collectingCountry>
) and western Pacific oceans (
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D36577D00C9FD1FFEE1E7C6" box="[158,286,692,717]" name="Philippines" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Philippines</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D36577D0115FD1FFE0FE7C6" box="[322,496,692,717]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
and the
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D36577D0207FD1FFCF0E7C6" box="[592,783,692,717]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
). The distribution of
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D03ABFD1EFB9AE7C7" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[1020,1125,692,716]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Cymopolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jukesii">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D03ABFD1EFB9AE7C7" box="[1020,1125,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. jukesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="9205618C4D36577D0422FD1FFB58E7C6" box="[1141,1191,692,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingRegion id="8F7A11CC4D36577D0546FD1FFA67E7C6" box="[1297,1432,692,717]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Queensland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D36577D00C0FD7CFEFFE7FB" box="[151,256,727,752]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Australia</collectingCountry>
) is close to that of
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D0181FD72FD92E7FB" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[470,621,729,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0181FD72FD92E7FB" box="[470,621,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. contractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except that
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D02A0FD72FC9EE7FB" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[759,865,728,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Cymopolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jukesii">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D02A0FD72FC9EE7FB" box="[759,865,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. jukesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also known from the Red Sea and
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D36577D0551FD73FAB9E7E4" box="[1286,1350,728,751]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Japan</collectingCountry>
but not from the central Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D36577D01FBFD57FDC6E61E" author="Castro, P." box="[428,569,764,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 49, 588). Both
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D034EFD56FC70E61F" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[793,911,764,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D034EFD56FC70E61F" box="[793,911,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D0393FD56FBC3E61F" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[964,1084,764,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0393FD56FBC3E61F" box="[964,1084,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0414FD57FB7EE61E" bold="true" box="[1091,1153,764,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D36577D0414FD57FB7EE61E" box="[1091,1153,764,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are known only from the eastern limits of the Indo-West Pacific region,
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D0297FC8AFCC4E633" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[704,827,800,824]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0297FC8AFCC4E633" box="[704,827,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Austral Islands,
<collectingCountry id="35A99FBE4D36577D0421FCB4FAC0E633" box="[1142,1343,799,824]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D05D5FC8AFF11E657" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D05D5FC8AFF11E657" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D00A0FCEFFEC7E656" bold="true" box="[247,312,836,861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D36577D00A0FCEFFEC7E656" box="[247,312,836,861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from the Hawaiian Islands.
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D02D4FCEFFC7FE657" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[643,896,836,860]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D02D4FCEFFC7FE657" box="[643,896,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Neopalicus contractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D03EBFCEEFBD7E657" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[956,1064,836,860]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Cymopolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jukesii">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D03EBFCEEFBD7E657" box="[956,1064,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. jukesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been collected, sometimes sympatrically, in coarse sand near coral reefs at depths of
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D36577D0349FCCCFC70E674" box="[798,911,871,896]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" metricValueMax="14.6" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="78.0" valueMax="146.0" valueMin="10.0">10–146 m</quantity>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D36577D039DFCCCFB71E68B" author="Castro, P." box="[970,1166,871,896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" pagination="437 - 610" refId="ref6192" refString="Castro, P. (2000) Crustacea Decapoda: A revision of the Indo-west Pacific species of palicid crabs (Brachyura Palicidae). In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris), 184, pp. 437 - 610." type="journal article" year="2000">Castro 2000: 587</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D04F5FCC2FAE8E68B" authorityName="Castro" authorityYear="2010" box="[1186,1303,872,896]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulus">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D04F5FCC2FAE8E68B" box="[1186,1303,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. simulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from rocky bottoms containing coral rubble at
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D36577D0248FC27FD6FE6A8" box="[543,656,908,933]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="145.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="90.0">90–200 m</quantity>
(
<specimenCount id="5BB814A74D36577D02C8FC27FCC5E6AE" box="[671,826,908,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
from
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D36577D0329FC27FBFFE6A8" box="[894,1024,908,933]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.4" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="600.0" valueMax="840.0" valueMin="360.0">360–840 m</quantity>
; Castro 2010: 78), and
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D0551FC26FA81E6AF" authority="Castro &amp; Naruse, 2014" authorityName="Castro &amp; Naruse" authorityYear="2014" box="[1286,1406,908,932]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" genus="Neopalicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halihali" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0551FC26FA81E6AF" box="[1286,1406,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">N. halihali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D05D2FC27FF47E6C3" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64F9BE474D36577D05D2FC27FF47E6C3" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from coral rubble at
<specimenCount id="5BB814A74D36577D01F2FC04FE1AE6CC" box="[421,485,943,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" type="generic">
<quantity id="8A4672CB4D36577D01F2FC04FE1EE6CC" box="[421,481,943,968]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="91.0">91 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D36577D0090FC7FFB6EE153" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">
The live
<typeStatus id="9205618C4D36577D0166FC7FFE6CE6E6" box="[305,403,980,1005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of the new species was photographed carrying what appears to be a dead fragment of a filamentous red alga (
<figureCitation id="D585C3AB4D36577D01DCFC5CFE20E11B" box="[395,479,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[197,1389,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neopalicus halihali n. sp. Holotype female 5.5 mm × 6.2 mm (USNM 121140): a, habitus, dorsal view; b, color in life, carrying fragment of alga (photograph by P. Fiene)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5045622/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
). Two other species of palicids have been recorded as carrying fragments of sediment or seaweeds with their reduced, dorsally-placed P5, a behavior known as carrying behavior (see
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D36577D049EFBB7FF3BE153" author="Guinot, D. &amp; Tavares, M. &amp; Castro, P." pageId="10" pageNumber="179" pagination="1 - 414" refId="ref6648" refString="Guinot, D., Tavares, M. &amp; Castro, P. (2013) Significance of the sexual openings and supplementary structures on the phylogeny of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), with new nomina for higher-ranked podotreme taxa. Zootaxa, 3665, 1 - 414. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3665.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Guinot
<emphasis id="7FCA033C4D36577D0549FBB6FAA9E13F" box="[1310,1366,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 246
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 54). This behaviour is most probably widespread, even universal, among palicids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D01DF2E4D36577D0090FBCFFF12E1AB" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="179">
The new species represents the fourth species of
<taxonomicName id="8ABEA4AD4D36577D02BDFBCFFCAFE176" authorityName="Bouvier" authorityYear="1898" box="[746,848,1124,1149]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Palicidae</taxonomicName>
known from the Hawaiian Islands (see
<bibRefCitation id="292FA2DF4D36577D055AFBCFFF4AE1AB" author="Castro, P." pageId="10" pageNumber="179" pagination="1 - 154" refId="ref6255" refString="Castro, P. (2011) Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands. Zootaxa, 2947, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="2011">Castro 2011: 10</bibRefCitation>
, 54).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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