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<mods:title id="C35159FEDDA0B6EAB5CBA91D5D02AED2">A review of the North American species of Hemipenthes Loew, 1869 (Diptera: Bombyliidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03B71E7B760DFFCF69C21CC11711FE42" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6216522" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119614807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6216522" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B71E7B760DFFCF69C21CC11711FE42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B71E7B760DFFCF69C21CC11711FE42" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C304FCE6760DFFCB69C21CC1139FFC53" box="[151,386,988,1014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760DFFCB69C21CC1139FFC53" blockId="2.[151,386,988,1014]" box="[151,386,988,1014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0E91801760DFFCB69C21CC1139FFC53" bold="true" box="[151,386,988,1014]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB69C21CC1139FFC53" ID-CoL="637JS" ID-ENA="247596" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[151,386,988,1014]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB69C21CC1139FFC53" bold="true" box="[151,386,988,1014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB69C21CC1132AFC53" bold="true" box="[151,311,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
Loew
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304FCE6760DFFCB69C21B3B1058FBD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760DFFCB69C21B3B1058FBD8" blockId="2.[151,1435,1062,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0E8843760DFFCB69C21B3B1058FBD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB69C21B3B13CFFB98" ID-CoL="637JS" authority="Loew, 1869: 27" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,466,1062,1085]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB69C21B3B133FFB98" box="[151,290,1062,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF897C760DFFCB687C1B3B13CFFB98" author="Loew" box="[297,466,1062,1085]" page="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1869">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB687C1B3B13B7FB98" author="Loew" box="[297,426,1062,1085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Loew, H. (1869) Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria octava. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 13, 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1869">Loew, 1869</bibRefCitation>
: 27
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54A511CF760DFFCB68891B3B100CFB98" box="[476,529,1062,1085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6B261B3B11B3FB98" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[627,942,1062,1085]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6B261B3B111DFB98" box="[627,768,1062,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Musca morio</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB6A521B3B11B3FB98" author="Linnaeus" box="[775,942,1062,1085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum caracteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. L Salvii, Holmiae. 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation (Bezzi, 1908: 31).
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB69C21B5B1024FBF8" authority="Osten Sacken, 1886a: 96" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,569,1094,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB69C21B5B1314FBF8" box="[151,265,1094,1117]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Isopenthes</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF897C760DFFCB68421B5B1024FBF8" author="Osten" box="[279,569,1094,1117]" page="96" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1886">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB68421B5B1017FBF8" author="Osten" box="[279,522,1094,1117]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. (1886 a) Diptera. In: Godman, F. D. and O. Salvin (eds.). Biologia Centrali Americana. Zoology. Insecta. Diptera. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London. pp. 73 - 104" type="book" year="1886" yearSuffix="a">Osten Sacken, 1886a</bibRefCitation>
: 96
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54A511CF760DFFCB6B1E1B5B109DFBF8" box="[587,640,1094,1117]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6BBC1B5B16F6FBF8" ID-CoL="8CFG2" authority="Osten Sacken, 1886" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1886" box="[745,1259,1094,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaennickeana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6BBC1B5B11EAFBF8" box="[745,1015,1094,1117]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Isopenthes jaennickeana</emphasis>
Osten Sacken, 1886
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation (
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF897C760DFFCB68051B7B1025FBD8" author="Coquillett" box="[336,568,1126,1149]" page="556" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB68051B7B1025FBD8" author="Coquillett" box="[336,568,1126,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1910) The type-species of the North American genera of Diptera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37, 499 - 647." type="journal article" year="1910">Coquillett, 1910: 556</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304FCE6760DFFCB69C21BB111EDF9D6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760DFFCB69C21BB11183FA2E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1196,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB69C21BB11305FB63" bold="true" box="[151,280,1196,1222]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body length
<quantity id="4CE60288760DFFCB68E91BB1102CFB63" box="[444,561,1196,1222]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="5.0">514 mm</quantity>
. Basal half, more than half or whole wing dark, sepia brown of blackish; color is sharply defined, diagonal or oblique, either with irregular steplike edge or smooth, and often extending no farther backward than the end of the
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6BBB1BE7111CFABD" box="[750,769,1274,1304]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">r4</emphasis>
cell. Face either rounded and retreating or at most blunt and vertical, face and front covered with erect stiff pile. Flagellomere onion-shaped at base, rather abruptly narrowed with long, fine style. Anterior tibia smooth, without spines or just with a single row of black bristles on postero-ventral surface. Discal cell with a wide, obtuse ending.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760DFFCB69931A8A11EDF9D6" blockId="2.[151,1437,1196,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB69931A8A13A7FA14" bold="true" box="[198,442,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Historical remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB68941A8A1006FA14" author="In" box="[449,539,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum caracteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. L Salvii, Holmiae. 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">In 1758</bibRefCitation>
Linnaeus described the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6AD71A8511E3FA14" box="[898,1022,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6AD71A8511E3FA14" box="[898,1022,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bombylius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. He also described some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB69C21AA3132BFA7D" box="[151,310,1470,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bombyliidae</taxonomicName>
under the genus
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6B581AA3107AFA72" box="[525,615,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6B581AA3107FFA72" box="[525,610,1470,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Musca</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
one of this was
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6A601AA316D5FA7D" authority="Linnaeus (Hull, 1973)" authorityName="Linnaeus (Hull" authorityYear="1973" box="[821,1224,1470,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6A601AA311B5FA72" box="[821,936,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. morio</emphasis>
Linnaeus (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB6D611AA316DDFA7D" author="Hull" box="[1076,1216,1470,1496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Hull, F. M. (1973) The bee flies of the world. The genera of the family Bombyliidae. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 687 pp." type="book" year="1973">Hull, 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In 1763 Scopoli excluded
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB685C1AF8136AFA5B" box="[265,375,1509,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB685C1AF8136AFA5B" box="[265,375,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB68951AF81013FA5B" box="[448,526,1509,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB68951AF81013FA5B" box="[448,526,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Musca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and placed it in his new genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6AD11AF811FFFA5B" box="[900,994,1509,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6AD11AF811FFFA5B" box="[900,994,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The distinctive character of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6C681AF81786FA5B" box="[1341,1435,1509,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6C681AF81786FA5B" box="[1341,1435,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a tuft of hairs at the tip of flagellomere. Scopoli thought that the specimens he used to describe
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6C6919111780F980" box="[1340,1437,1548,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6C6919111780F980" box="[1340,1437,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were from
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6875192F138EF9EE" box="[288,403,1586,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6875192F138EF9EE" box="[288,403,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but they were misidentified and in fact belonged to
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6D79192F1780F9E9" authority="Schrank. This" authorityName="Schrank. This" box="[1068,1437,1586,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthrax">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6D79192F16FAF9EE" box="[1068,1255,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Musca anthrax</emphasis>
Schrank. This
</taxonomicName>
misidentification was not known until the mid-20th century (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB6A35194411FEF9D6" author="Hull" box="[864,995,1625,1651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Hull, F. M. (1973) The bee flies of the world. The genera of the family Bombyliidae. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 687 pp." type="book" year="1973">Hull, 1973</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304FCE6760DFFCA6990199D177CFF7D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760DFFCB6990199D13AFF942" blockId="2.[151,1437,1196,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6990199D1368F93C" box="[197,373,1664,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthrax">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6990199D1368F93C" box="[197,373,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Musca anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB68F8199D1007F93C" box="[429,538,1664,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB68F8199D1007F93C" box="[429,538,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, among other bombyliids species described by Linnaeus, were first placed in a new family called Anthracidae, then moved to
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6BB019BB119DF965" ID-CoL="622GM" box="[741,896,1702,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bombyliidae</taxonomicName>
because of the similarity with the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB69C219D013B3F942" ID-CoL="3BC8" authority="Hull, 1973" authorityName="Hull" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,430,1741,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB69C219D0130EF943" box="[151,275,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bombylius</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB687719D013B8F942" author="Hull" box="[290,421,1741,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Hull, F. M. (1973) The bee flies of the world. The genera of the family Bombyliidae. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 687 pp." type="book" year="1973">Hull, 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760DFFCA699019EE177CFF7D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1196,2037]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1435,152,216]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
After the description of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB68B319E91052F8A8" box="[486,591,1780,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB68B319E91052F8A8" box="[486,591,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, most of the species of the current genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6D1119E916C2F8A8" ID-CoL="637JS" box="[1092,1247,1780,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6D1119E916C2F8A8" box="[1092,1247,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were described under the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6800180713AEF896" ID-CoL="62DDB" box="[341,435,1818,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6800180713AEF896" box="[341,435,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In 1869 Loew created the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6A69180711C8F896" ID-CoL="637JS" box="[828,981,1818,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6A69180711C8F896" box="[828,981,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the European species
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6C5418071781F896" box="[1281,1436,1818,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6C5418071781F896" box="[1281,1436,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Musca morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the American species
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB688A185C10CCF8FE" ID-CoL="88C56" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[479,721,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminigra">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB688A185C109FF8FF" box="[479,642,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H. seminigra</emphasis>
Loew
</taxonomicName>
, he considered
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6AC1185C161EF8FF" box="[916,1027,1857,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6AC1185C161EF8FF" box="[916,1027,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the genus
<typeStatus id="54A511CF760DFFCB6DFB185C16FEF8FE" box="[1198,1251,1857,1883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
species. Loew justified the creation of a new genus by the presence of the pulvilli in these two species. But Loew did not consider that
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB686D189313BDF802" box="[312,416,1934,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB686D189313BDF802" box="[312,416,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also the
<typeStatus id="54A511CF760DFFCB6B1718931068F80D" box="[578,629,1934,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
species for the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6A2A189311C3F802" ID-CoL="62DDB" box="[895,990,1934,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6A2A189311C3F802" box="[895,990,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by then it was unknown the mistake made by Scopoli.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB683C18A81070F86A" box="[361,621,1973,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. (1886 b) Diptera. In: Godman, F. D. and O. Salvin (eds.). Biologia Centrali Americana. Zoology. Insecta. Diptera. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 105 - 128." type="book">Osten Sacken (1886b)</bibRefCitation>
realized that both genera were described using the same
<typeStatus id="54A511CF760DFFCB6C5318A81724F86A" box="[1286,1337,1973,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
species, which made
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB686518C113D6F850" ID-CoL="637JS" box="[304,459,2012,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB686518C113D6F850" box="[304,459,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6B2B18C110C3F850" ID-CoL="62DDB" box="[638,734,2012,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6B2B18C110C3F850" box="[638,734,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760DFFCB6BBB18C611EAF850" box="[750,1015,2011,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. (1886 b) Diptera. In: Godman, F. D. and O. Salvin (eds.). Biologia Centrali Americana. Zoology. Insecta. Diptera. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 105 - 128." type="book">Osten Sacken (1886b)</bibRefCitation>
placed the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760DFFCB6C5418C11781F850" ID-CoL="637JS" box="[1281,1436,2012,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760DFFCB6C5418C11781F850" box="[1281,1436,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA68D11F8513F9FF14" ID-CoL="62DDB" box="[388,484,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA68D11F8513F9FF14" box="[388,484,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6BD11F8510F1FF14" box="[644,748,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6BD11F8510FAFF14" ID-CoL="62DDB" box="[644,743,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anthrax</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760CFFCA6BA61F8511E6FF17" box="[755,1019,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="49" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. (1886 b) Diptera. In: Godman, F. D. and O. Salvin (eds.). Biologia Centrali Americana. Zoology. Insecta. Diptera. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 105 - 128." type="book">Osten Sacken (1886b)</bibRefCitation>
also remarked that the presence of pulvilli was not exclusive of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA68BF1FA2109EFF7D" ID-CoL="637JS" box="[490,643,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA68BF1FA2109EFF7D" box="[490,643,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6AFB1FA21611FF7D" ID-CoL="62DDB" box="[942,1036,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6AFB1FA21611FF7D" box="[942,1036,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also presented this structure.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304FCE6760CFFCF69C218851711FE42" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760CFFCA69C218851388F850" blockId="3.[151,1437,1944,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA69C218851349F815" bold="true" box="[151,340,1944,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURES 110.</emphasis>
Wings: 1,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA689818841083F815" box="[461,670,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA689818841083F815" box="[461,670,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Hemipenthes albus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 2,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6B9F18841145F815" box="[714,856,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigradata">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6B9F18841145F815" box="[714,856,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. bigradata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 3,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6AD618841659F815" box="[899,1092,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardiana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6AD618841659F815" box="[899,1092,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. blanchardiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 4,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6D2518841718F815" box="[1136,1285,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanipes">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6D2518841718F815" box="[1136,1285,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. castanipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 5,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6C6418841781F815" box="[1329,1436,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6C6418841781F815" box="[1329,1436,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. celeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(light-pigmented wing variation); 6,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6B7418A61094F877" box="[545,649,1979,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6B7418A61094F877" box="[545,649,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. celeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dark-pigmented wing variation); 7,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6D4C18A616BDF877" box="[1049,1184,1979,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimaera">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6D4C18A616BDF877" box="[1049,1184,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. chimaera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 8,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6D9F18A61745F877" box="[1226,1368,1979,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comanche">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6D9F18A61745F877" box="[1226,1368,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. comanche</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 9,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA6CD718A612D2F850" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA6CD718A612D2F850" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. curta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 10,
<emphasis id="B96A737F760CFFCA685018C31388F850" box="[261,405,2014,2037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760CFFCA685018C3138FF850" box="[261,402,2014,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760BFFCD69C218201737F8D2" blockId="4.[151,1437,1853,1911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD69C218201374F8F0" bold="true" box="[151,361,1853,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURES 1120.</emphasis>
Wings: 11,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD68A3182010F0F8F1" box="[502,749,1853,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incisiva">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD68A3182010F0F8F1" box="[502,749,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hemipenthes incisiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 12,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6A7F18201191F8F1" box="[810,908,1853,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inops">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6A7F18201191F8F1" box="[810,908,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. inops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 13,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6A9C1820169BF8F1" box="[969,1158,1853,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaennickeana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6A9C1820169BF8F1" box="[969,1158,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. jaennickeana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 14,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6D9718201759F8F1" box="[1218,1348,1853,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidota">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6D9718201759F8F1" box="[1218,1348,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. lepidota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 15,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6CD41820130BF8D2" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinorum">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6CD41820130BF8D2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. martinorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 16,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6819187D13B0F8D2" box="[332,429,1888,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6819187D13B0F8D2" box="[332,429,1888,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Paleartic species); 17,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6BF9187D112BF8D2" box="[684,822,1888,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morioides">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6BF9187D112BF8D2" box="[684,822,1888,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. morioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 18,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6A38187D11F0F8D2" box="[877,1005,1888,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pleuralis">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6A38187D11F0F8D2" box="[877,1005,1888,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. pleuralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 19,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6D77187D1693F8D2" box="[1058,1166,1888,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pullata">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6D77187D1693F8D2" box="[1058,1166,1888,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. pullata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 20,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6D91187D173EF8D2" box="[1220,1315,1888,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scylla">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6D91187D173EF8D2" box="[1220,1315,1888,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. scylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760BFFCC699018B81657FF7D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1957,2022]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,152,220]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
In the
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD684F18B8108AF81B" box="[282,663,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Biologia Centrali-Americana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760BFFCD6BF518B811A3F81A" box="[672,958,1957,1983]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. (1886 a) Diptera. In: Godman, F. D. and O. Salvin (eds.). Biologia Centrali Americana. Zoology. Insecta. Diptera. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London. pp. 73 - 104" type="book">Osten Sacken (1886a)</bibRefCitation>
proposed the name
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6D9318B8174DF81B" box="[1222,1360,1957,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6D9318B8174DF81B" box="[1222,1360,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Isopenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6CDC18B813C4F843" authority="Osten Sacken" authorityName="Osten Sacken" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaennickeana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6CDC18B81329F840" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. jaennickeana</emphasis>
Osten Sacken
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760BFFCD6B4418D11634F843" authority="Osten Sacken. Osten Sacken" authorityName="Osten Sacken. Osten Sacken" box="[529,1065,1996,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardiana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760BFFCD6B4418D110C8F840" box="[529,725,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. blanchardiana</emphasis>
Osten Sacken. Osten Sacken
</taxonomicName>
observed that these two species were very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC68D91F8510FFFF17" authority="Wiedemann" authorityName="Wiedemann" box="[396,738,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosa">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC68D91F851050FF14" box="[396,589,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthrax sinuosa</emphasis>
Wiedemann
</taxonomicName>
but stated that they could be distinguished by the presence of a crossvein between R4 and R2+3, not present in the rest of the
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6ADD1FA211FBFF7D" box="[904,998,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6ADD1FA211FBFF7D" box="[904,998,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760AFFCC69C21BCE13E6FAAB" blockId="5.[151,1437,1235,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC69C21BCE137BFB4E" bold="true" box="[151,358,1235,1259]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURES 2126.</emphasis>
Wings: 21,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC68A41BC910E6FB4E" box="[497,763,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminigra">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC68A41BC910E6FB4E" box="[497,763,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes seminigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 22,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6A631BC911B2FB4E" box="[822,943,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosa">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6A631BC911B2FB4E" box="[822,943,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H. sinuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 23,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6ABF1BC91693FB4E" box="[1002,1166,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6ABF1BC91693FB4E" box="[1002,1166,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H. translucens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 24,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6D9C1BC9175BFB4E" box="[1225,1350,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="webberi">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6D9C1BC9175BFB4E" box="[1225,1350,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H. webberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 25,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6CD41BC912F9FAAB" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilcoxi">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6CD41BC912F9FAAB" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H. wilcoxi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 26,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC684F1BEA13F3FAAB" box="[282,494,1271,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Chrysanthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yaqui">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC684F1BEA13F3FAAB" box="[282,494,1271,1294]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chrysanthrax yaqui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
..
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760AFFCC69901A2116A3FA68" blockId="5.[151,1437,1340,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The same way
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC68221A211066FAF3" box="[375,635,1340,1366]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Osten Sacken, C. R. (1886 b) Diptera. In: Godman, F. D. and O. Salvin (eds.). Biologia Centrali Americana. Zoology. Insecta. Diptera. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 105 - 128." type="book">Osten Sacken (1886b)</bibRefCitation>
criticized the validation of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6A951A211644FAF0" box="[960,1113,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6A951A211644FAF0" box="[960,1113,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of pulvilli,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC69C21A7E1347FAD8" author="Coquillett" box="[151,346,1379,1405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1886) The North American genera of Anthracina. Canadian Entomologist, 18, 157 - 159." type="journal article" year="1886">Coquillett (1886</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC68331A7E13B2FAD8" author="Coquillett" box="[358,431,1379,1405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1894 a) Notes and descriptions of North American Bombyliidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 21, 89 - 112." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="a">1894a</bibRefCitation>
) rejected the creation of Osten Sackens new genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6D5A1A7E1691FAD9" box="[1039,1164,1379,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6D5A1A7E1691FAD9" box="[1039,1164,1379,1404]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Isopenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, distinguishable by the presence of three a crossvein between R4 and R2+3. Coquillett asserted that this character was not enough to separate genera because some specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6BCB1AAE10E0FA69" box="[670,765,1459,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6BCB1AAE10E0FA69" box="[670,765,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a crossvein between R4 and R2+3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760AFFCC69901AC110A5F8A0" blockId="5.[151,1437,1340,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Even when Coquillett did not accept
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6B2B1AC010E1FA53" box="[638,764,1501,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6B2B1AC010E1FA53" box="[638,764,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Isopenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as valid, he accepted the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6D291AC0170BFA53" box="[1148,1302,1501,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6D291AC0170BFA53" box="[1148,1302,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
defined by the presence of pulvilli, as part of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6B84191E117DF9B8" box="[721,864,1539,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anthracinae">Anthracinae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6A25191E1629F9B8" author="Coquillett" box="[880,1076,1539,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1886) The North American genera of Anthracina. Canadian Entomologist, 18, 157 - 159." type="journal article" year="1886">Coquillett, 1886</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6D15191E1661F9B8" author="Coquillett" box="[1088,1148,1539,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1887) Monograph of the species belonging to the genus Anthrax from America North of Mexico. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 14, 159 - 182." type="journal article" year="1887">1887</bibRefCitation>
) including
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6C56191E12DAF9E1" authority="Say" authorityName="Say" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morioides">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6C56191E1781F9B9" box="[1283,1436,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H. morioides</emphasis>
Say
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC698119371364F9E6" box="[212,377,1578,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminigra">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC698119371364F9E6" box="[212,377,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H. seminigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC689519371052F9E6" box="[448,591,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC689519371056F9E6" box="[448,587,1578,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosa">H. sinuosa</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
But he still continued to consider some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6D8219371767F9E6" box="[1239,1402,1578,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6D8219371767F9E6" box="[1239,1402,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as belonging to
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC686F194C1381F9CF" box="[314,412,1617,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC686F194C1381F9CF" box="[314,412,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because of the lack of pulvilli (
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6A7B194C1676F9CE" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[814,1131,1617,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigradatus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6A7B194C1601F9CF" box="[814,1052,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthrax bigradatus</emphasis>
Loew
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6D2D194C176BF9CE" authority="Wiedemann" authorityName="Wiedemann" box="[1144,1398,1617,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celer">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6D2D194C16C5F9CF" box="[1144,1240,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. celer</emphasis>
Wiedemann
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6CD7194C1334F934" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6CD7194C12FDF934" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. curtus</emphasis>
Loew
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC68621965105AF934" authority="Coquillett" authorityName="Coquillett" box="[311,583,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsii">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6862196513D7F934" box="[311,458,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. edwardsii</emphasis>
Coquillett
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6B0319651179F934" authority="Macquart" authorityName="Macquart" box="[598,868,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridiana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6B03196510F1F934" box="[598,748,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. floridiana</emphasis>
Macquart
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6A211965164CF934" authority="Coquillett" authorityName="Coquillett" box="[884,1105,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inops">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6A21196511C8F934" box="[884,981,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. inops</emphasis>
Coquillett
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6D3519651789F934" authority="Osten Sacken" authorityName="Osten Sacken" box="[1120,1428,1655,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepidotus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6D35196516F1F934" box="[1120,1260,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. lepidotus</emphasis>
Osten Sacken
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC69C219831343F91D" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[151,350,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagatus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC69C21983130FF912" box="[151,274,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. sagatus</emphasis>
Loew
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC682019831024F91D" author="Coquillett" box="[373,569,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1887) Monograph of the species belonging to the genus Anthrax from America North of Mexico. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 14, 159 - 182." type="journal article" year="1887">Coquillett, 1887</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6B101983109EF91D" author="Coquillett" box="[581,643,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1892) Revision of the species of Anthrax from America Northern Mexico. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 19, 168 - 187." type="journal article" year="1892">1892</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6BC5198310C3F91D" author="Coquillett" box="[656,734,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1894 b) A new Anthrax from California. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 2, 101 - 102." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="b">1894b</bibRefCitation>
). By the end of the 19th century
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6D351983172AF91D" author="Coquillett" box="[1120,1335,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1894 a) Notes and descriptions of North American Bombyliidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 21, 89 - 112." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="a">Coquillett (1894a)</bibRefCitation>
realized that Scopoli and Loew had used the same
<typeStatus id="54A511CF760AFFCC6BC119D910D5F97B" box="[660,712,1732,1758]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
species to describe their respective genera and accepted the synonymy between
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC68D419F61007F8A1" box="[385,538,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC68D419F61007F8A1" box="[385,538,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6B0619F610ACF8A1" box="[595,689,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6B0619F610ACF8A1" box="[595,689,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760AFFCC6990180F12C3F805" blockId="5.[151,1437,1340,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
In the beginning of the 20th century, Bezzi found out that the specimens used by Scopoli to describe the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC69B61824135CF8F7" box="[227,321,1849,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC69B61824135CF8F7" box="[227,321,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
really belonged to
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6B76182410C9F8F7" box="[547,724,1849,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthrax">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6B76182410C9F8F7" box="[547,724,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Musca anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and not to
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6A0D1824167CF8F6" authority="Hull, 1973" authorityName="Hull" authorityYear="1973" box="[856,1121,1849,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6A0D182411D8F8F7" box="[856,965,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">M. morio</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6A8018241645F8F6" author="Hull" box="[981,1112,1849,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Hull, F. M. (1973) The bee flies of the world. The genera of the family Bombyliidae. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 687 pp." type="book" year="1973">Hull, 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. This made
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6DBB1824179AF8F7" box="[1262,1415,1849,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6DBB1824179AF8F7" box="[1262,1415,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a valid genus with
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC680B187D13DAF8DC" box="[350,455,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Musca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC680B187D13DAF8DC" box="[350,455,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H. morio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as its
<typeStatus id="54A511CF760AFFCC6B5A1842105FF8DC" box="[527,578,1887,1913]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
species. Nevertheless
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6A1C187D11FFF8DC" box="[841,994,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6A1C187D11FFF8DC" box="[841,994,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
continued to be considered an invalid name.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D760AFFCF699018B11197FEE9" blockId="5.[151,1437,1340,2029]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,487]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC699018B1138CF863" author="Coquillett" box="[197,401,1964,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1910) The type-species of the North American genera of Diptera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 37, 499 - 647." type="journal article" year="1910">Coquillett (1910)</bibRefCitation>
presented
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6B4618B0108CF863" box="[531,657,1965,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6B4618B0108CF863" box="[531,657,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Isopenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6B9918B0117BF863" box="[716,870,1965,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6B9918B0117BF863" box="[716,870,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE760AFFCC6D7A18B016E9F863" authority="Lioy. Later" authorityName="Lioy. Later" box="[1071,1268,1964,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Villa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F760AFFCC6D7A18B0167BF863" box="[1071,1126,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Villa</emphasis>
Lioy. Later
</taxonomicName>
, other authors (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC69CA18CE1349F848" author="Johnson" box="[159,340,2003,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Johnson, C. W. (1919) New species of the genus Villa (Anthrax). Psyche, 26, 11 - 13." type="journal article" year="1919">Johnson, 1919</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC683418CE101BF848" author="Painter" box="[353,518,2003,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Painter, R. H. (1933) New subgenera and species of Bombyliidae (Diptera). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 6, 5 - 18." type="journal article" year="1933">Painter, 1933</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6B4618CE112BF848" author="Painter" box="[531,822,2003,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Painter, R. H. &amp; E. M. Painter. (1962) Notes on and redescriptions of types of North American Bombyliidae (Diptera) in European Museums. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 35, 2 - 164." type="journal article" year="1962">Painter &amp; Painter, 1962</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C760AFFCC6A1118CE1659F848" author="Painter" box="[836,1092,2003,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Painter, R. H. &amp; J. C. Hall. (1960) A monograph of the genus Poecilanthrax (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Technical Bulletin of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station, 106, 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1960">Painter &amp; Hall, 1960</bibRefCitation>
) changed the corresponding species from
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF686A1F8513BEFF14" box="[319,419,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF686A1F8513BEFF14" box="[319,419,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Anthrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF689B1F85106DFF14" box="[462,624,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF689B1F85106DFF14" box="[462,624,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and placed
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6A5C1F8511B6FF14" box="[777,939,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6A5C1F8511B6FF14" box="[777,939,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6DDB1F8516D4FF14" box="[1166,1225,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Villa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6DDB1F8516D4FF14" box="[1166,1225,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Villa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF69C21FA2133DFF7D" box="[151,288,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF69C21FA2133DFF7D" box="[151,288,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Isopenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF68661FA213E5FF7D" box="[307,504,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaennickeana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF68661FA213E5FF7D" box="[307,504,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. jaennickeana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6B6D1FA21113FF7D" box="[568,782,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardiana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6B6D1FA21113FF7D" box="[568,782,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. blanchardiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) were considered as subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6D811FA21740FF7D" box="[1236,1373,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosa">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6D811FA21740FF7D" box="[1236,1373,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">H. sinuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF69C21FF81309FF5B" box="[151,276,229,254]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF69C21FF81309FF5B" box="[151,276,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Isopenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
became a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6B771FF810A6FF5B" box="[546,699,229,254]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6B771FF810A6FF5B" box="[546,699,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the treatment of which is still followed (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C7609FFCF6DCB1FF8178AFF5A" author="Painter" box="[1182,1431,229,255]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" refString="Painter, R. H. &amp; J. C. Hall. (1960) A monograph of the genus Poecilanthrax (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Technical Bulletin of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station, 106, 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1960">Painter &amp; Hall, 1960</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C7609FFCF69C21E11139DFE83" author="Painter" box="[151,384,268,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" refString="Painter, R. H., E. M. Painter &amp; J. C. Hall. (1978) A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States, Family Bombyliidae. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil, 93 pp." type="book" year="1978">
Painter
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF69A11E111335FE80" box="[244,296,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
., 1978
</bibRefCitation>
). Recently (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C7609FFCF6B5A1E111161FE83" author="Evenhuis" box="[527,892,268,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. &amp; Greathead, D. J. (1999) World catalog of bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 756 pp." type="book" year="1999">Evenhuis &amp; Greathead (1999)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6ADC1E111650FE80" box="[905,1101,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Isopenthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaennickeana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6ADC1E111650FE80" box="[905,1101,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">H. jaennickeana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6DDD1E111746FE80" box="[1160,1371,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardiana">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6DDD1E111746FE80" box="[1160,1371,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">H. blanchardiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been treated separately from
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF68BE1E2F1072FEEE" box="[491,623,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF68BE1E2F1076FEEE" box="[491,619,306,331]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Anthrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosa">H. sinuosa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which is followed here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1AF6D7609FFCF69901E441711FE42" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,487]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C7609FFCF69901E44134FFED6" author="Hull" box="[197,338,345,371]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" refString="Hull, F. M. (1973) The bee flies of the world. The genera of the family Bombyliidae. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 687 pp." type="book" year="1973">Hull (1973)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF68B61E441063FED7" box="[483,638,345,370]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF68B61E441063FED7" box="[483,638,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid genus in the subfamily Exoprosopinae and tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6C1D1E441785FED6" box="[1352,1432,345,371]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Villini">Villini</taxonomicName>
, eliminating all subgenera. Hall (1975) and
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C7609FFCF6BE91E9D11A1FE3F" box="[700,956,384,410]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" refString="Painter, R. H., E. M. Painter &amp; J. C. Hall. (1978) A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States, Family Bombyliidae. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brasil, 93 pp." type="book">
Painter
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF6A4B1E9D1142FE3C" box="[798,863,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
(1978)
</bibRefCitation>
however, still published papers using subgenera. The classification followed in this paper is the cladistic analysis of the subfamilies of
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6C501EBB135DFE42" authority="Yeates, 1994" authorityName="Yeates" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Bombyliidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FD29C7609FFCF69CA1ED01325FE42" author="Yeates" box="[159,312,461,487]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" refString="Yeates, D. K. (1994) Cladistics and classification of the Bombyliidae (Diptera: Asiloidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 219, 1 - 191." type="journal article" year="1994">Yeates, 1994</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in which
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF68E01ED01053FE43" box="[437,590,461,486]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Hemipenthes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96A737F7609FFCF68E01ED01053FE43" box="[437,590,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hemipenthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is placed in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6ADC1ED01605FE42" box="[905,1048,461,487]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anthracinae">Anthracinae</taxonomicName>
and the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C1ED4EE7609FFCF6DEF1ED01714FE42" box="[1210,1289,461,487]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Villini">Villini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>