485 lines
58 KiB
XML
485 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="1F7B81DF5AB749AA96A7D41331033C8A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4748.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48d67ec7-59cb-4b6c-b2b0-a37142dc3aae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3698777" ID-ZooBank="661CD94A-130B-4BD8-B201-28B079815618" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1583482611617" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Klautau, Michelle, Lopes, Matheus Vieira, Guarabyra, Bruna, Folcher, Eric, Ekins, Merrick & Debitus, Cécile" docDate="2020" docId="6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4748.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4748 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ernstia variabilis Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A0677388-FB4D-4202-A953-A2D79487276D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="275" masterDocId="964D2C32FFEC725FFFF45C5FFFF6FFBE" masterDocTitle="Calcareous sponges from the French Polynesia (Porifera: Calcarea)" masterLastPageNumber="295" masterPageNumber="261" pageNumber="273" updateTime="1698725212753" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AFFF539DE7E1822150AC818902B8AF9F">
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<mods:title id="13A4D4DA1992BB00099DD1E79F8B98E4">Calcareous sponges from the French Polynesia (Porifera: Calcarea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="722B26BC66173B778A8E0127F0F1DBB5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BBC52052E36AC62346EDBA2BBDA714B5">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6A70E2839CEF16293B902229534E048F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="799318E625F9455AC968051C1FCC6DC5">Klautau, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9D8DA89AC3D2222A8D4D6A5B3BA5171A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BBA22C664469A9EFA66924B5A51C282A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="184D09303BBC339C5143607B5CB8B361">Lopes, Matheus Vieira</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4A8FF8AAB3057AC0A7A6762635C1CC03">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9BA99D0CE80B2853072A35AD83C3A927">Guarabyra, Bruna</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B85E08C4194D7F36DC7455F8870B4E57" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3F5E355F26ADD1851C4B4730D8A3269E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6A27473C2A41199B65C42A606A0A9631">Folcher, Eric</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="134883495A53466A763112E9D45F0A8D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D813FFA3E43D46F09D32F8C5764808C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="64D1E88C4EE2299290EE7303DCE876DC">Ekins, Merrick</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E72F44055BB14CA044057A11E4722E5B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9A3785013A3C08B4E15C718F40B503D0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E429BB7ACF919FC5F742968F4794DB56">Debitus, Cécile</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E00F8C106858FF4D71F0E8DB91353A18">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7216B8D6B80C83A880A43B402DB87734">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BA488DE5EE5A228C61E35F94D7FFC00E">
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<mods:date id="7A8F2097D87F03EC79AF618447343DC5">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C0C6F56210265804C9CC7C60FB0BE1FD">2020-03-06</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="6CC61D446E25C8D20E8C0D6C4260E549" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="50F2A102ADB4AF5B43DB0AB4A3180BAD">4748</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5EA17876CAC2776AECCE4903A7EE08C6">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A3AD5041D38D707112A69DEFB4A9D193">261</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="A72B0BA3B9CA91A656A34BCBB304D0BA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="63102839D6F0054490329CAA8D7DBB79" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4748.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D13EA7AFBF88A5F3DFA3F8594CD4E7F9" type="GBIF-Dataset">48d67ec7-59cb-4b6c-b2b0-a37142dc3aae</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DE43BF3F691727F7B490CD1B00FDB7FB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="70F48352072DCA3029B9DBAAEFCA6AB3" type="Zenodo-Dep">3698777</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4AF8FE958B9D8B65455AF0EE543489B8" type="ZooBank">661CD94A-130B-4BD8-B201-28B079815618</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3704820" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162462255" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3704820" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A0677388-FB4D-4202-A953-A2D79487276D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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<subSubSection id="AAC7B6D7FFE07253FF635CC6FE38FF0A" box="[151,462,153,180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF635CC6FE38FF0A" blockId="12.[151,462,153,216]" box="[151,462,153,180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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<heading id="B92A5230FFE07253FF635CC6FE38FF0A" bold="true" box="[151,462,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF635CC6FE38FF0A" bold="true" box="[151,462,153,180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FF635CC6FE9EFF0A" ID-CoL="8KDKK" authority="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus, 2020" authorityName="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,360,153,180]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF635CC6FE9EFF0A" bold="true" box="[151,360,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Ernstia variabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9A8435FFE07253FE845CC5FE38FF0A" box="[368,462,154,180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="AAC7B6D7FFE07253FF635CE2FEB2FF66" box="[151,324,189,216]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF635CE2FEB2FF66" blockId="12.[151,462,153,216]" box="[151,324,189,216]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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(
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<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FF6B5CE2FF2BFF66" box="[159,221,189,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="AF5FD0E7FFE07253FF1C5CE2FECDFF66" box="[232,315,189,216]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,239,586,610]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 5. Spicule measurements of the holotype of Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8962)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" tableUuid="B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC">Table 5</tableCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="AAC7B6D7FFE07253FF635D5FFB4DFEA4" box="[151,1211,256,283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF635D5FFB4DFEA4" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" box="[151,1211,256,283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF635D5FFEE8FEA4" bold="true" box="[151,286,256,282]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Etymology.</emphasis>
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From the Latin “variabilis” (varied, changeable), due to its variable spicule shape.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AAC7B6D7FFE07253FF335D7CFE45FDC4" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335D7CFCB9FE83" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" box="[199,847,290,318]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FF335D7CFCB9FE83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624250" box="[199,847,290,318]" country="French Polynesia" location="Rairoa" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335D7CFE90FE83" bold="true" box="[199,358,290,317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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<typeStatus id="3D665BFEFFE07253FF335D7CFEF4FE83" box="[199,258,291,317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<location id="E702B387FFE07253FE985D7CFE4CFE83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5:E702B387FFE07253FE985D7CFE4CFE83" box="[364,442,291,317]" country="French Polynesia" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" name="Rairoa" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Rairoa</location>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="02067F26FFE07253FE305D7BFD74FE83" box="[452,642,291,318]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Tuamotu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="9ACAA5CCFFE07253FD795D7CFCB9FE83" box="[653,847,291,317]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335D19FE45FDC4" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335D19FE45FEDF" bold="true" box="[199,435,326,353]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FE495D18FB27FE3A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624276" collectingDate="2018" collectingDateMax="2056" collectingDateMin="2018" collectionCode="TRAR" collectorName="M. Dumas" county="Station" elevation="17" latitude="-16.047184" location="Raroia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-142.42834" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="TRAR08" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FE495D18FBFEFEDE" bold="true" box="[445,1032,326,353]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
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<typeStatus id="3D665BFEFFE07253FE495D18FDD8FEDF" box="[445,558,327,353]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
: UFRJPOR 8963 = MNHN-IP-
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||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FC5A5D19FBFEFEDE" box="[942,1032,326,352]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2056">
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<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FC5A5D19FBFEFEDE" box="[942,1032,326,352]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2056">2018-56</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</emphasis>
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—
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<location id="E702B387FFE07253FBD15D19FB85FEDE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5:E702B387FFE07253FBD15D19FB85FEDE" box="[1061,1139,326,352]" county="Station" latitude="-16.047184" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-142.42834" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" name="Raroia" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Raroia</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="02067F26FFE07253FB8B5D18FAC9FEDE" box="[1151,1343,326,353]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Tuamotu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="0B039DD0FFE07253FAB95D19FA6AFEDE" box="[1357,1436,326,352]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Station</collectingCounty>
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trar08 (
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<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FF1D5D36FE8BFE3A" box="[233,381,361,388]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="02.831" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-16.047184">16°02.831’ S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FE775D36FDC7FE3A" box="[387,561,361,388]" degrees="142" direction="west" minutes="25.701" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-142.42834">142°25.701’ W</geoCoordinate>
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), depth:
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<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FD665D35FD3BFE3A" box="[658,717,362,388]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="17.0">
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<elevation id="69F0026FFFE07253FD665D35FD3BFE3A" box="[658,717,362,388]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="17.0">17 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, coll.
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||
<collectorName id="4F28808AFFE07253FCE55D35FC7CFE3A" box="[785,906,362,388]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">M. Dumas</collectorName>
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,
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<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FC615D36FBEFFE3A" box="[917,1049,361,388]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-05">
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<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FC615D36FBEFFE3A" box="[917,1049,361,388]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-05">05/XI/2018</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
, P455-
|
||
<specimenCode id="B27B4D27FFE07253FB935D35FB27FE3A" box="[1127,1233,362,388]" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">TRAR08</specimenCode>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FB285D35FDE9FE19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624271" collectingDate="2018" collectingDateMax="2059" collectingDateMin="2018" collectionCode="UFR-" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="JPOR 8918" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
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<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FB285D35FEE9FE19" bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
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<typeStatus id="3D665BFEFFE07253FB285D35FABBFE3A" box="[1244,1357,362,388]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="84CC7D99FFE07253FAAD5D35FA6AFE3A" box="[1369,1436,362,388]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">UFR-</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="B27B4D27FFE07253FF635DD3FEE9FE19" box="[151,287,396,423]" collectionCode="JPOR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">JPOR 8918</specimenCode>
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</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FEC85DD2FDE9FE19" bold="true" box="[316,543,397,423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
MNHN-IP-
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FE315DD2FDE9FE19" box="[453,543,397,423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2059">
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||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FE315DD2FDE9FE19" box="[453,543,397,423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2059">2018-59</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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</emphasis>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FDD45DD2FDCBFE19" bold="true" box="[544,573,397,423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">—</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FDC85DD2FC3BFE19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624283" box="[572,973,397,423]" collectionCode="JPOR" collectorName="Station" location="Raivavae" municipality="Australes Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<location id="E702B387FFE07253FDC85DD2FD51FE19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5:E702B387FFE07253FDC85DD2FD51FE19" box="[572,679,397,423]" municipality="Australes Islands" name="Raivavae" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Raivavae</location>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="02067F26FFE07253FD455DD2FC85FE19" box="[689,883,397,423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Australes Islands</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<collectorName id="4F28808AFFE07253FC8A5DD2FC3BFE19" box="[894,973,397,423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Station</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FC265DD2FD9BFE74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624242" collectingDate="2013-03-23" collectionCode="ARAI" collectorName="C. Debitus" elevation="6" latitude="-23.888033" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-147.6817" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="ARAI07" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="B27B4D27FFE07253FC265DD2FBC5FE19" box="[978,1075,397,423]" collectionCode="ARAI" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">ARAI07</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FBB55DD3FB14FE19" box="[1089,1250,396,423]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="53.282" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-23.888033">23°53.282’ S–</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FB175DD2FA79FE19" box="[1251,1423,397,423]" degrees="147" direction="west" minutes="40.902" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-147.6817">147°40.902’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), depth:
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FF135DEFFEE1FE75" box="[231,279,432,459]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="6.0">
|
||
<elevation id="69F0026FFFE07253FF135DEFFEE1FE75" box="[231,279,432,459]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="4F28808AFFE07253FE945DEFFE2BFE74" box="[352,477,432,458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">C. Debitus</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FE1F5DEFFD9BFE74" box="[491,621,432,458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2013-03-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FE1F5DEFFD9BFE74" box="[491,621,432,458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2013-03-23">23/III/2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, P455.
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FD315DF0FB08FE74" bold="true" box="[709,1278,431,458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Other material. UFRJPOR 8962 = MNHN-IP-</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FB0A5DEFFAF1FE53" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624287" collectingDate="2018" collectingDateMax="2071" collectingDateMin="2018" collectionCode="CS" collectorName="Petek" county="Station" elevation="20" latitude="-16.033167" location="Raroia" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="-142.42609" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="TRAR02" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FB0A5DEFFAAEFE74" bold="true" box="[1278,1368,432,458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FB0A5DEFFAAEFE74" box="[1278,1368,432,458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2071">
|
||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FB0A5DEFFAAEFE74" box="[1278,1368,432,458]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2071">2018-71</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<location id="E702B387FFE07253FA805DEEFF33FE53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5:E702B387FFE07253FA805DEEFF33FE53" county="Station" latitude="-16.033167" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="-142.42609" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" name="Raroia" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Raroia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="02067F26FFE07253FF265D8BFE67FE53" box="[210,401,467,494]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Tuamotu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="0B039DD0FFE07253FE6A5D8CFE1BFE53" box="[414,493,467,493]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Station</collectingCounty>
|
||
<specimenCode id="B27B4D27FFE07253FE015D8CFDAAFE53" box="[501,604,467,493]" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">TRAR02</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FD995D8CFD02FE53" box="[621,756,467,493]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="01.99" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="9" value="-16.033167">16°01.99’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FD085D8DFC5AFE50" box="[764,940,466,494]" degrees="142" direction="west" minutes="25.565" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-142.42609">142°25.565’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), depth:
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FBE45D8CFBBBFE50" box="[1040,1101,467,494]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="69F0026FFFE07253FBE45D8CFBBBFE50" box="[1040,1101,467,494]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="84CC7D99FFE07253FB605D8CFB4CFE53" box="[1172,1210,467,493]" country="France" name="Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">CS</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="4F28808AFFE07253FB325D8CFAF1FE53" box="[1222,1287,467,493]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Petek</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FAE05D8CFD49FDAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624234" collectingDate="2018-11-04" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="TRAR02" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FAE05D8CFA6FFE53" box="[1300,1433,467,493]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FAE05D8CFA6FFE53" box="[1300,1433,467,493]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-04">04/XI/2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, P455-
|
||
<specimenCode id="B27B4D27FFE07253FF2E5DA8FEB2FDAF" box="[218,324,503,529]" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">TRAR02</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FEA45DA9FD49FDAE" bold="true" box="[336,703,502,529]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">UFRJPOR 8964 = MNHN-IP-</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FD4B5DA9FD6BFD8A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624269" collectingDate="2018" collectingDateMax="2042" collectingDateMin="2018" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Bouvot" county="Station" elevation="15" latitude="-16.034567" location="Raroia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-142.42834" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FD4B5DA9FCECFDAE" bold="true" box="[703,794,502,528]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FD4B5DA9FCECFDAE" box="[703,794,502,528]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2042">
|
||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FD4B5DA9FCECFDAE" box="[703,794,502,528]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2042">2018-42</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<location id="E702B387FFE07253FCC25DA9FC72FDAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5:E702B387FFE07253FCC25DA9FC72FDAE" box="[822,900,502,528]" county="Station" latitude="-16.034567" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-142.42834" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" name="Raroia" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Raroia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="02067F26FFE07253FC645DA8FBB9FDAE" box="[912,1103,502,529]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Tuamotu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="0B039DD0FFE07253FBA85DA9FB5DFDAE" box="[1116,1195,502,528]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Station</collectingCounty>
|
||
trar09 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FAF35DA9FA6BFDAF" box="[1287,1437,502,529]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="02.074" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-16.034567">16°02.074’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FF635E46FEB0FD8A" box="[151,326,537,564]" degrees="142" direction="west" minutes="25.701" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-142.42834">142°25.701’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), depth:
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FE5C5E46FE12FD8A" box="[424,484,537,564]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="69F0026FFFE07253FE5C5E46FE12FD8A" box="[424,484,537,564]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="84CC7D99FFE07253FDDD5E45FDCBFD8A" box="[553,573,538,564]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="4F28808AFFE07253FDBC5E45FD6BFD8A" box="[584,669,538,564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Bouvot</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FD5D5E46FAA8FD8D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624266" box="[681,1374,537,564]" collectingDate="2018-11-05" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="TRAR09" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FD5D5E46FCDBFD8A" box="[681,813,537,564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FD5D5E46FCDBFD8A" box="[681,813,537,564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-05">05/XI/2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, P455-
|
||
<specimenCode id="B27B4D27FFE07253FC885E45FC15FD8A" box="[892,995,538,564]" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">TRAR09</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FC065E46FAA8FD8D" bold="true" box="[1010,1374,537,564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">UFRJPOR 8965 = MNHN-IP-</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FAA95E46FA9CFDE9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624232" collectingDate="2018" collectingDateMax="2052" collectingDateMin="2018" collectorName="M. Dumas" county="Station" elevation="20" latitude="-16.014933" location="Raroia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-142.42204" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FAA95E46FF45FDE9" bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FAA95E46FF45FDE9" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2052">
|
||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FAA95E46FF45FDE9" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018" valueMax="2052">2018- 52</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<location id="E702B387FFE07253FF3B5E62FEEBFDE9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A74544AFFE07251FF635CC6FAF9FDA5:E702B387FFE07253FF3B5E62FEEBFDE9" box="[207,285,573,599]" county="Station" latitude="-16.014933" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-142.42204" municipality="Tuamotu Islands" name="Raroia" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Raroia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="02067F26FFE07253FEDF5E62FE1DFDE9" box="[299,491,573,599]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Tuamotu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="0B039DD0FFE07253FE0E5E62FDBFFDE9" box="[506,585,573,599]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Station</collectingCounty>
|
||
trar12 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FD5D5E62FCB7FDE9" box="[681,833,573,599]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="00.896" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-16.014933">16°00.896’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87E9839BFFE07253FCBF5E63FC0AFDE9" box="[843,1020,572,599]" degrees="142" direction="west" minutes="25.323" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" precision="1" value="-142.42204">142°25.323’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), depth:
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FB905E62FB54FDE9" box="[1124,1186,573,599]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="69F0026FFFE07253FB905E62FB54FDE9" box="[1124,1186,573,599]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="4F28808AFFE07253FB195E62FA9CFDE9" box="[1261,1386,573,599]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">M. Dumas</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="52B5EF01FFE07253FA8C5E62FE59FDC4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2574624219" collectingDate="2018-11-06" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="TRAR12" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<date id="9663C39CFFE07253FA8C5E62FF01FDC4" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="86273A74FFE07253FA8C5E62FF01FDC4" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" value="2018-11-06">06/ XI/2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, P455-
|
||
<specimenCode id="B27B4D27FFE07253FEB15E3FFE59FDC4" box="[325,431,608,634]" collectionCode="TRAR" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">TRAR12</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AAC7B6D7FFE07253FF335EDDFACAF9EB" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335EDDFD5FFD5A" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335EDDFEB4FD23" bold="true" box="[199,322,642,669]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Yellow
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FE695EDBFE19FD23" authorityName="Klautau, Azevedo, Condor-Lujan, Rapp, Collins & Russo" authorityYear="2013" box="[413,495,644,669]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FE695EDBFE19FD23" box="[413,495,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Ernstia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with spherical cormus and thin, regular and tightly anastomosed tubes. A single long osculum atop of and atrial cavity. Skeleton composed of two categories of triactines and tetractines, mainly differentiated by shape and size. Aquiferous system solenoid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335EB3FCA4FCB9" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" box="[199,850,748,775]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335EB3FED6FCB9" bold="true" box="[199,288,748,775]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||
Yellow alive and light brown in ethanol (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FD055EB2FCB3FCB9" box="[753,837,748,775]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335F4FFABBFC43" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335F4FFDF4FC94" bold="true" box="[199,514,784,810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Morphology and anatomy.</emphasis>
|
||
Cormus spherical to subspherical formed by thin, regular and tightly anastomosed tubes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FF145F6CFEABFCF0" box="[224,349,818,846]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Figs 5A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is usually one long apical osculum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FCB15F6CFC63FCF3" box="[837,917,818,845]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a continuous endopinacoderm lining the atrial cavity. Aquiferous system solenoid. The skeleton is composed of two categories of triactines, two of tetractines, and trichoxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FEB35F25FE6CFC2A" box="[327,410,889,916]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The apical actines of the tetractines project into the tubes lumen and atrial cavity. The size of triactines II and tetractines II is different depending on the regions of the sponge: the spicules in the oscular region are noticeably larger than the spicules in the other parts of the body. Due to its transitional changes from osculum to choanosome, we consider it the same variable category. Tetractines occur in higher frequencies than triactines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335859FE60FB9F" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" box="[199,406,1030,1057]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335859FEDFFB9F" bold="true" box="[199,297,1030,1057]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="AF5FD0E7FFE07253FECC5859FE7AFB9F" box="[312,396,1030,1057]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,239,586,610]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 5. Spicule measurements of the holotype of Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8962)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" tableUuid="B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335875FD2BFB35" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335875FEA7FBFD" box="[199,337,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Triactines I.</emphasis>
|
||
Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) and smaller than triactines II. This category ressembles a young spicule on formation, but due to its relatively abundance, we considered it as a category apart. Actines are conical with sharp tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FE57582FFE05FB34" box="[419,499,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Size: 41.4/
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FD725830FD2FFB35" box="[646,729,1135,1163]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF3358CBFA94FB4A" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF3358CBFEAFFB13" box="[199,345,1172,1197]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Triactines II.</emphasis>
|
||
Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) and very abundant. Actines vary highly in shape and size. Spicules from the oscular region are usually cylindrical, ondulated and larger, with blunt tips. Spicules from choanosome are slightly conical to conical and straight, with blunt to slightly sharp tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FBD35885FB8EFB4A" box="[1063,1144,1241,1268]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Size: 94.3/
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FAFF5886FAA8FB4A" box="[1291,1374,1241,1268]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF3358A1FBE4FA3F" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF3358A1FEA2FAA9" box="[199,340,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Tetractines I</emphasis>
|
||
. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) and smaller than tetractines II. This category ressembles a young spicule on formation, but due to its relatively abundance, we considered it as a category apart. Actines are conical with sharp tips. The apical actine is cylindrical, the same size of basal actines, sharp, smooth, and frequently curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FF065939FEB0FA3F" box="[242,326,1382,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Size: 43.0/
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FE2C5939FDDEFA3F" box="[472,552,1382,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="5.1">5.1 µm</quantity>
|
||
(basal actine); 39.1/
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FCE05938FC92FA3F" box="[788,868,1383,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 µm</quantity>
|
||
(apical actine).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF3359D5FE9DF98F" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF3359D5FEAAFA1D" box="[199,348,1418,1443]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Tetractines II</emphasis>
|
||
. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) and very abundant. Actines vary highly in shape and size. Spicules from the oscular region are usually cylindrical, ondulated and larger, with blunt tips. Spicules from choanosome are slightly conical to conical and straight, with blunt to slightly sharp tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FBA8598FFB5BFA54" box="[1116,1197,1487,1514]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The apical actine is cylindrical, very long, sharp, smooth, and frequently curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE07253FCBE59ACFC69F9B3" box="[842,927,1522,1549]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[161,1427,181,1745]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen in situ (UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Fig 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Size: 90.6 / 7.0 µm (basal actine); 51.9/
|
||
<quantity id="252548B9FFE07253FA8D59ACFF4BF98F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 µm</quantity>
|
||
(apical actine).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335A66FACAF9EB" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" box="[199,1340,1593,1621]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335A66FDF3F9EA" bold="true" box="[199,517,1593,1620]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Raroia, Tuamotu Islands and Raivavae, Australes Islands (present work).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AAC7B6D7FFE07251FF335A02FAF9FDA5" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335A02FB68F899" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF335A02FECDF9C9" bold="true" box="[199,315,1629,1655]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FEB55A01FDF2F9C9" authority="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus, 2020" authorityName="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus" authorityYear="2020" box="[321,516,1629,1655]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FEB55A01FDF2F9C9" box="[321,516,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">Ernstia variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FDFE5A02FD94F9C9" bold="true" box="[522,610,1629,1655]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9A8435FFE07253FDFE5A02FD94F9C9" box="[522,610,1629,1655]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
formed a very well supported clade (100% bootstrap) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FB055A01FEADF924" authority="Sanamyan et al., 2019" authorityName="Sanamyan" authorityYear="2019" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pyrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FB055A01FAA1F9C9" box="[1265,1367,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">E. pyrum</emphasis>
|
||
Sanamyan
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF295ADEFEF8F924" box="[221,270,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2019
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FE665ADEFD12F924" authority="Azevedo et al., 2017" authorityName="Azevedo" authorityYear="2017" box="[402,740,1664,1691]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FE665ADEFE07F924" box="[402,497,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">E. citrea</emphasis>
|
||
Azevedo
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FD965ADEFD6CF924" box="[610,666,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2017
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The three species are morphologically almost identical, all of them having a spherical yellow cormus formed by tight and regularly anastomosed tubes, long apical osculum and solenoid aquiferous system. Although in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FC665A98FC04F95E" box="[914,1010,1735,1760]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FC665A98FC04F95E" box="[914,1010,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">E. citrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it was said that this species has asconoid aquiferous system, we re-analised it and found the membrane of pinacocytes surrounding the atrium, proving that its aquiferous system is solenoid, as Sanamyan
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FD285B51FCE2F899" box="[732,788,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019) had observed for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FBC45B51FB61F899" box="[1072,1175,1806,1831]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pyrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FBC45B51FB61F899" box="[1072,1175,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">E. pyrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE07253FF335B6EFC2CF866" blockId="12.[151,1437,256,2009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
We are describing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FE615B6EFDE9F8F4" authority="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus, 2020" authorityName="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus" authorityYear="2020" box="[405,543,1840,1866]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FE615B6EFDE9F8F4" box="[405,543,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">E. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FDD15B6FFD88F8F4" bold="true" box="[549,638,1840,1866]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9A8435FFE07253FDD15B6FFD88F8F4" box="[549,638,1840,1866]" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as possessing two categories of triactine and two of tetractines. Re-analysing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FF165B0BFEB7F8D3" box="[226,321,1876,1901]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FF165B0BFEB7F8D3" box="[226,321,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">E. citrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we think it has also these categories, though in the original description it was considered as having only one category of tri- and one of tetractines. The same can be considered for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE07253FBF35B28FB9BF82E" box="[1031,1133,1911,1936]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="273" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pyrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FBF35B28FB9BF82E" box="[1031,1133,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">E. pyrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, if we take into account the size variation of the spicules and look at the original pictures (Sanamyan
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE07253FC315BC4FC00F80A" box="[965,1014,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="273">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019). Therefore, these three species can be distinguished only by slight differences in the size of their spicules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B6A2B5D4FFE17252FF635AB4FC29F8F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698787" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3698787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698787/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" startId="13.[151,250,1771,1796]" targetBox="[161,1427,181,1745]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE17252FF635AB4FC29F8F2" blockId="13.[151,1437,1771,1868]" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FF635AB4FEE0F8BA" bold="true" box="[151,278,1771,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE17252FED45AB3FE20F8BA" authority="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus, 2020" authorityName="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus" authorityYear="2020" box="[288,470,1772,1796]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FED45AB3FE20F8BA" box="[288,470,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">Ernstia variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FE145AB3FDC2F8BA" bold="true" box="[480,564,1772,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9A8435FFE17252FE145AB3FDC2F8BA" box="[480,564,1772,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(UFRJPOR 8963). A—Specimen
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FC545AB3FC14F8BD" box="[928,994,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
(UFRJPOR 8918). B—Fragment fixed in ethanol (arrow pointing to the osculum). C—Skeleton of the osculum. D—Skeleton of the anastomosed tubes. E—Triactine I. F—Triactine II. G—Tetractine I. H—Tetractine II. I—Apical actine of a tetractine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE17251FF335B24FDEBFEFA" blockId="13.[151,1437,1914,2012]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,152,539]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE17252FF335B24FE7BF82A" authority="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus, 2020" authorityName="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus" authorityYear="2020" box="[199,397,1914,1940]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FF335B24FE7BF82A" box="[199,397,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">Ernstia variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FE635B25FE04F82A" bold="true" box="[407,498,1914,1940]" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9A8435FFE17252FE635B25FE04F82A" box="[407,498,1914,1940]" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has spicules thicker than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE17252FC8B5B24FC16F82A" box="[895,992,1915,1940]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FC8B5B24FC16F82A" box="[895,992,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">E. citrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Holotype—Triactine: 81.3 (4.3)/ 10.4 (0.7), Tetractine: 82.4 (6.2)/ 10.4 (1.1)] (to compare with
|
||
<tableCitation id="AF5FD0E7FFE17252FCEB5BC1FC82F806" box="[799,884,1949,1976]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,239,586,610]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 5. Spicule measurements of the holotype of Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8962)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" tableUuid="B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE17252FC7E5BC0FBDBF806" box="[906,1069,1951,1976]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="274" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pyrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE17252FC7E5BC0FBDBF806" box="[906,1069,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="274">Ernstia pyrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a little thicker spicules [Ho-lotype—Triactine—surface and choanosome: 74.8 (14.4)/ 6.9, Triactine—atrial membrane: 83.7 (22.1)/ 7.9, Tri- actine—osculum: 103.9 (30.5)/ 6.9 (1.0), Tetractine—surface and choanosome: 73.6 (13.7)/ 6.6, Tetractine—atrial membrane: 94.1 (24.5)/ 7.4)] (to compare with
|
||
<tableCitation id="AF5FD0E7FFE27251FD5B5CE2FCF3FF69" box="[687,773,188,215]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,239,586,610]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 5. Spicule measurements of the holotype of Ernstia variabilis sp. nov. (UFRJPOR 8962)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC" pageId="14" pageNumber="275" tableUuid="B6A2B5D4FFE27251FF635E15FB47FDDC">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). Hence, the three species are almost cryptic, however, we decided to distinguish them based on the molecular tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE6F9D9FFE27251FCE75CBEFC96FF45" box="[787,864,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1931,1956]" captionTargetBox="[214,1347,189,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[213,1374,181,1906]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 13. ML phylogenetic tree of the ITS from Calcinea. Species sequences found in the present work are highlighted. Support values are shown at the nodes (Posterior Probability and Bootstrap values; <means value below 50%,—means node not present in the Bayesian phylogeny). Midpoint rooted tree." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3698803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3698803/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">Fig 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the tree, although the three species form a very well supported clade (100% bootstrap),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE27251FDAA5D59FD49FEA1" box="[606,703,262,287]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="275" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE27251FDAA5D59FD49FEA1" box="[606,703,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">E. citrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE27251FD0D5D59FC72FEA1" authority="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus, 2020" authorityName="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus" authorityYear="2020" box="[761,900,261,287]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="275" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE27251FD0D5D59FC72FEA1" box="[761,900,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">E. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE27251FC795D5AFC1EFEA1" bold="true" box="[909,1000,261,287]" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9A8435FFE27251FC795D5AFC1EFEA1" box="[909,1000,261,287]" pageId="14" pageNumber="275" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
form two well supported clades (99% and 100% bootstrap, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE27251FF335D12FDD9FE35" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">
|
||
As
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DD9EDFFFE27251FF045D11FE8BFED9" authority="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus, 2020" authorityName="Klautau & Lopes & Guarabyra & Folcher & Ekins & Debitus" authorityYear="2020" box="[240,381,333,359]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ernstia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="14" pageNumber="275" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE27251FF045D11FE8BFED9" box="[240,381,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">E. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE27251FE735D12FE15FED9" bold="true" box="[391,483,333,359]" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9A8435FFE27251FE735D12FE15FED9" box="[391,483,333,359]" pageId="14" pageNumber="275" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the third species of the genus with solenoid aquiferous system, we proposed an emendation to the current diagnosis:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E262E55CFFE27251FF335DCAFAF9FDA5" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">
|
||
Calcinea in which the cormus comprises a typical clathroid body. A stalk may be present. The skeleton contains regular (equiangular and equiradiate) and/or sagittal triactines and tetractines. Tetractines are the most abundant spicules or occur at least in the same proportion as the triactines. Tetractines frequently have very thin (needle-like) apical actines. Diactines may be added. Asconoid or solenoid aquiferous system (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="864C98ADFFE27251FBD15E5EFAF5FDA5" author="Klautau, M. & Azevedo, F. & Condor-Lujan, B. & Rapp, H. T. & Collins, A. & Russo, C. A. M." box="[1061,1283,513,539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="275" pagination="447 - 461" refId="ref18776" refString="Klautau, M., Azevedo, F., Condor-Lujan, B., Rapp, H. T., Collins, A. & Russo, C. A. M. (2013) A molecular phylogeny for the Order Clathrinida rekindles and refines Haeckel's taxonomic proposal for calcareous sponges. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 53, 447 - 461. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / ict 039" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Klautau
|
||
<emphasis id="D0A9394EFFE27251FB735E5DFB4EFDA5" box="[1159,1208,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="275">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |