310 lines
37 KiB
XML
310 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="D55CFC7632D15B977B32D49EA550EB8A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3718.6.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c92cde75-45be-412e-ba78-3861b4186156" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="218896" ID-ZooBank="20C2A3C6-EED3-41C3-86A5-391EE0868031" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460687499340" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Domingos, Celso, Moraes, Fernando & Muricy, Guilherme" docDate="2013" docId="3D3C8786AC0BFFB7FF759EFBFB76679E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03718p544.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3718 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plakortis spinalis Domingos, Moraes & Muricy, 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="536" masterDocId="C105FFFEAC0FFFB1FFE29859FF9B627B" masterDocTitle="Four new species of Plakinidae (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha) from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="544" masterPageNumber="530" pageNumber="534" updateTime="1698351362986" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="7A0615D317D13C36DBDA9AB9A9E04C3B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1289BABA325BD3AEF1D160556917E587">
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<mods:title id="5C3A5C706BC1E3E5CF8C3CEB246BADB9">Four new species of Plakinidae (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha) from Brazil</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="89360C2EEE95C59F683A50A548836F45" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E8605C03C3E2E2D0ACFE95646F3D0084">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9F5964F7DAD3AABAE95AE5F6BC37A56D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="47C58AE53639A12CBAD39A296AC7BFA9">Domingos, Celso</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="606A64D34C6A4287D2D6888789A64DC7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F61BC85AB480F1E08A2B95805ADF8907">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="886C099B9B58DF5740CAF1143E4DB07B">Moraes, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E4AC65E026AD5042FCC4CDE21C69D320" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="91243AB350F8C9E7882F67B0FFE06C5E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="600766F90971FC719002A864CE35FB15">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0B6EACED4EACC8E237D3D775627D92F0">Muricy, Guilherme</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4E872FA20D781152663D0725B4A7FB5A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CE72A415C8BCD4151DB1125616ACDBAA">
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<mods:title id="17FF336B246A481EC2685E681929C3DE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="532BBE349274749A6E6538B2F5E7056D">
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<mods:date id="6934033744DE25A79A4A16E7909DCD61">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AF19A3A47CD8F9204C0596EE6DF9B39D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A2DBD3A2B903BFC3113E7A3D69AC59E9">3718</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9F38AD8489BAAE3170AD46FFA7CF672F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F19E889625413B8CF0D2BE3A5F0087EF">6</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="AFF9C631B0EDA0833E7C602DD90942B5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E0DA596EAF5076EDC0325EAEFD26D491" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3718.6.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BA20A4D1BA5D27939DB8D01DFFC515FE" type="GBIF-Dataset">c92cde75-45be-412e-ba78-3861b4186156</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="30DE743DA3B6DA8CDA7607E44EB77A28" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CC9270C42AFF2853925FA69FDD5FE30B" type="Zenodo-Dep">218896</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3D3C8786AC0BFFB7FF759EFBFB76679E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6147334" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119581078" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6147334" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D3C8786AC0BFFB7FF759EFBFB76679E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D3C8786AC0BFFB7FF759EFBFB76679E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
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<subSubSection id="FD8F651BAC0BFFB5FF759EFBFD336532" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC0BFFB5FF759EFBFE5664C7" blockId="4.[151,461,1698,1758]" box="[151,461,1698,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
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<heading id="EE6281FCAC0BFFB5FF759EFBFE5664C7" bold="true" box="[151,461,1698,1724]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0BFFB5FF759EFBFE5664C7" bold="true" box="[151,461,1698,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC0BFFB5FF759EFBFEF364C7" ID-CoL="4JJ36" box="[151,360,1698,1724]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinalis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0BFFB5FF759EFBFEF364C7" bold="true" box="[151,360,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Plakortis spinalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC0BFFB5FE8D9EFBFE5664C7" box="[367,461,1698,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC0BFFB5FF759E9CFF7064A5" blockId="4.[151,461,1698,1758]" box="[151,235,1733,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
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(
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<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC0BFFB5FF7D9E9CFF7964A5" box="[159,226,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC0BFFB5FF759F54FD336532" blockId="4.[151,1436,1805,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0BFFB5FF759F54FE0B655D" bold="true" box="[151,400,1805,1830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Specimens examined</emphasis>
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(1).
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<typeStatus id="6A2E8832AC0BFFB5FE2A9F54FDAE655D" box="[456,565,1805,1830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: MNRJ 8597, Sapata Cave, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC0BFFB5FAEC9F54FACE655D" box="[1294,1365,1805,1830]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<quantity id="726D9B75AC0BFFB5FA809F54FA07655E" box="[1378,1436,1805,1830]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
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depth. Fernando Moraes coll.,
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<date id="C12B1050AC0BFFB5FE0C9F68FD3E6532" box="[494,677,1841,1865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2004-08-10">10 August 2004</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FD8F651BAC0BFFB7FF259F0CFF7863F3" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC0BFFB5FF259F0CFEBA65CD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1805,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0BFFB5FF259F0CFD146515" bold="true" box="[199,655,1877,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Specimens examined for comparison.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC0BFFB5FD7B9F0FFCE36516" box="[665,888,1877,1901]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="angulospiculatus">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0BFFB5FD7B9F0FFCE36516" box="[665,888,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">P. angulospiculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: UFRJPOR 3900, 4791, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC0BFFB5FED39F20FEE265E9" box="[305,377,1913,1938]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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. UFRJPOR 4032, Tamandaré, Pernambuco State,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC0BFFB5FC549F20FC6565E9" box="[950,1022,1913,1938]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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. UFRJPOR 4116, 4118, Carrie Bow Key,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC0BFFB5FF309FC4FE8565CD" box="[210,286,1949,1974]" name="Belize" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Belize</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC0BFFB5FF259F98FC8665A1" blockId="4.[151,1436,1805,2010]" box="[199,797,1985,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC0BFFB5FF259F98FE1765A2" box="[199,396,1985,2009]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hooperi">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0BFFB5FF259F98FE1765A2" box="[199,396,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Plakortis hooperi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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QMG 312880.
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC0BFFB5FDDF9F9BFC8365A1" box="[573,792,1985,2010]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="E1EA6618AC0AFFB4FF759FC2FD8A6594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" targetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC0AFFB4FF759FC2FD8A6594" blockId="5.[151,1435,1947,2031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0AFFB4FF759FC2FE8C65CB" bold="true" box="[151,279,1947,1969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC0AFFB4FEC09FC2FE4265CA" box="[290,473,1947,1969]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinalis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0AFFB4FEC09FC2FE4265CA" box="[290,473,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Plakortis spinalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC0AFFB4FE069FC5FDA265CA" box="[484,569,1948,1969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC0AFFB4FE069FC5FDA265CA" bold="true" box="[484,569,1948,1969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E–H, SEM).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF2598C1FF7862AE" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FF2598C1FE0262CB" box="[199,409,152,176]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF2598C1FE0262CB" box="[199,409,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis insularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: UFRJPOR 3917, 4803; MNRJ 2126, 2138; all from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC09FFB7FF7598E5FF4462AE" box="[151,223,188,213]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF2598B9FB186283" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" box="[199,1155,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FF2598B9FE706283" box="[199,491,224,248]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microrhabdifera">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF2598B9FE706283" box="[199,491,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis microrhabdifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: MNRJ 2165, 2170, 2940, all from Atol das Rocas,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC09FFB7FBD59886FBE46283" box="[1079,1151,223,248]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF25995DFEE0633B" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FF25995DFE7B6367" box="[199,480,260,284]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="petrupaulensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF25995DFE7B6367" box="[199,480,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis petrupaulensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC09FFB7FE0F995DFDD66366" box="[493,589,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FE0F995DFDD66366" bold="true" box="[493,589,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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MNRJ 11828, 11817, 11826, 11839; all from São Pedro e São Paulo Archipelago,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC09FFB7FECD997EFEEC633B" box="[303,375,295,320]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF259915FF7863F3" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FF259915FE50631F" box="[199,459,332,356]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="potiguarensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF259915FE50631F" box="[199,459,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis potiguarensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC09FFB7FE309915FDB0631E" box="[466,555,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FE309915FDB0631E" bold="true" box="[466,555,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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: UFPEPOR 585, Urca do Tubarão, Potiguar Basin, Rio Grande do Norte State,
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<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC09FFB7FF759936FF4463F3" box="[151,223,367,392]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FD8F651BAC09FFB7FF2599CDFAE0638F" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF2599CDFAE0638F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF2599CDFEDA63D6" bold="true" box="[199,321,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FEA899CDFE2A63D7" box="[330,433,404,428]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FEA899CDFE2A63D7" box="[330,433,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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thinly encrusting, gray in color, cartilaginous in consistency, with a vaguely reticulated tangential ectosomal skeleton and a disorganized choanosomal skeleton with fiber-like structures; spicules are diods and triods, some of which spined, and tuberculate microrhabds; smooth siliceous spheres are also present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FD8F651BAC09FFB7FF2599A6FD5F6606" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF2599A6FAD7601B" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
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<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF2599A6FEC26063" bold="true" box="[199,345,511,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Description.</emphasis>
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Shape thinly encrusting (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FD6199A6FD5C6063" box="[643,711,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A), 4.0 by
|
||
<quantity id="726D9B75AC09FFB7FCA899A6FC03606C" box="[842,920,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide by
|
||
<quantity id="726D9B75AC09FFB7FBEB99A6FBC3606C" box="[1033,1112,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick. External and internal color gray
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FEF19A7CFEFB6047" box="[275,352,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
, becoming light brown to cream after fixation in ethanol. Surface irregular, rugose, coriaceous. Oscules contracted, not visible in the preserved specimen. Consistency cartilaginous, slightly compressible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF259A35FEA56126" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF259A35FEAE60FE" bold="true" box="[199,309,620,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||
Tangential ectosomal skeleton reticulate, with ill-defined multispicular spicule tracts forming circular meshes, 30-39-70 µm in diameter (n=20;
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FCE79AD6FCCB60D3" box="[773,848,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B). In transverse sections, the ectosome is well differentiated and shows ascending spicule columns separated by ectosomal lacunae,
|
||
<date id="C12B1050AC09FFB7FBB99AEDFB5D60B7" box="[1115,1222,692,716]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" value="1939-12-22">12–22-39</date>
|
||
µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FAE19AEDFADD60B7" box="[1283,1350,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, top). Subectosomal lacunae are absent. Choanosomal skeleton dense, disorganized, with a few denser, sinuous tracts parallel to the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FE7D9AA5FE78616F" box="[415,483,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, bottom). Some parts of the mesohyl show a golden color and look similar to illdefined spongin fibres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FE459B46FE706143" box="[423,491,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D), but could not be easily separated form the mesohyl like common demosponge spongin fibers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF259B3EFB0861DF" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF259B3EFEAB61FB" bold="true" box="[199,304,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
Diods thin, slightly sinuous, with sharp endings and protuberant central torsion. Some diods have small spines along the actines or near the center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FD5F9BD5FD6461DF" box="[701,767,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E): 29-42.6-103 /1-2-4 µm (n = 20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF759BF6FC19664F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
Triods smooth, Y-shaped, with sharp endings and center deformed like that of diods. Some triods also have small spines along the actines or near their intersection (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FD2B9B8DFC906197" box="[713,779,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F): actines 24.7-37.5-49.4 / 1-3-5 µm (n=20). Microrhabds irregular, straight or curved, highly tuberculate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FCAA9BAEFC11666B" box="[840,906,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
G): 5-6.7-14 / 2-3-6 µm (n=20). Smooth siliceous spheres are common (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FDB19C45FD0D664F" box="[595,662,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
H): 1–20 µm (n=20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF259C66FD5F6606" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF259C66FE5B6623" bold="true" box="[199,448,1087,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
The only specimen was collected on a vertical wall inside a semi-obscure cave,
|
||
<quantity id="726D9B75AC09FFB7FA839C66FA07662C" box="[1377,1436,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. The sponge had no associated macrofauna.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FD8F651BAC09FFB7FF259CDEFA8067BB" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF259CDEFBEE66DB" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" box="[199,1141,1159,1184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF259CDEFEFB66DB" bold="true" box="[199,352,1159,1184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Endemic from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CD827600AC09FFB7FC2D9CDEFB8866DB" box="[975,1043,1159,1184]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FBC09CDEFBFF66DB" box="[1058,1124,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1359,1381]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,185,1333]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[154,1439,185,1334]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Collection sites of the four new species of Plakortis. Orange, Plakortis petrupaulensis sp. nov. (São Pedro e São Paulo Archipelago); blue, Plakortis spinalis sp. nov. (Fernando de Noronha Archipelago); yellow, Plakortis potiguarensis sp. nov. (Potiguar Basin, Rio Grande do Norte State); green, Plakinastrella globularis sp. nov. (off Salvador, Bahia State and Almirante Saldanha Seamount, Rio de Janeiro State). The states where the new species occur are labeled: RN, Rio Grande do Norte; BA, Bahia; RJ, Rio de Janeiro." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218897/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF259CF5FA8067BB" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF259CF5FE2466BE" bold="true" box="[199,447,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FE2A9CF5FD1566BF" box="[456,654,1196,1220]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinalis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FE2A9CF5FD1566BF" box="[456,654,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis spinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC09FFB7FD759CF5FD6866BE" box="[663,755,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FD759CF5FD6866BE" bold="true" box="[663,755,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
belongs to the group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FBF39CF5FBE366BF" box="[1041,1144,1196,1220]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FBF39CF5FBE366BF" box="[1041,1144,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with microrhabds, which now also includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FE8E9C88FDB46693" box="[364,559,1232,1256]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="petrupaulensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FE8E9C88FDB46693" box="[364,559,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. petrupaulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC09FFB7FDDA9C96FD086693" box="[568,659,1231,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FDDA9C96FD086693" bold="true" box="[568,659,1231,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
as well as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FCF49C88FCC26693" box="[790,857,1232,1256]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lita">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FCF49C88FCC26693" box="[790,857,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. lita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FC8B9C88FBA66693" box="[873,1085,1232,1256]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microrhabdifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FC8B9C88FBA66693" box="[873,1085,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. microrhabdifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FBAC9C88FB586693" box="[1102,1219,1232,1256]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hooperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FBAC9C88FB586693" box="[1102,1219,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. hooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FB1F9C88FAC66693" box="[1277,1373,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. m y r a e</emphasis>
|
||
. The new species is mostly similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FDD99CACFC9E6777" box="[571,773,1268,1292]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="petrupaulensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FDD99CACFC9E6777" box="[571,773,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. petrupaulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC09FFB7FCF79CADFCE36776" box="[789,888,1268,1293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FCF79CADFCE36776" bold="true" box="[789,888,1268,1293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by its thinly encrusting shape, disorganized choanosomal skeleton, and especially the tuberculate microrhabds;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FC649D40FBDE674B" box="[902,1093,1304,1328]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="petrupaulensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FC649D40FBDE674B" box="[902,1093,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. petrupaulensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC09FFB7FBAE9D4EFB3E674B" box="[1100,1189,1303,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FBAE9D4EFB3E674B" bold="true" box="[1100,1189,1303,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, however, differs by a smooth surface, light brown color, absence of triods, and absence of spined spicules.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FB8D9D65FAAD672F" box="[1135,1334,1340,1364]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinalis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FB8D9D65FAAD672F" box="[1135,1334,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis spinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9CD257F9AC09FFB7FAA29D65FA07672E" box="[1344,1436,1340,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FAA29D65FA07672E" bold="true" box="[1344,1436,1340,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FECD9D38FEEE6703" box="[303,373,1376,1400]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lita">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FECD9D38FEEE6703" box="[303,373,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. lita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FE6B9D38FDF96703" box="[393,610,1376,1400]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microrhabdifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FE6B9D38FDF96703" box="[393,610,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. microrhabdifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FD979D38FD476703" box="[629,732,1377,1400]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="myrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FD979D38FD476703" box="[629,732,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. myrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FCFF9D38FC0E6703" box="[797,917,1376,1400]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hooperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FCFF9D38FC0E6703" box="[797,917,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">P. hooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its gray color, presence of tubercles on microrhabds and presence of spines on diods and triods. It differs from all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FB759DDDFB6567E7" box="[1175,1278,1412,1436]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FB759DDDFB6567E7" box="[1175,1278,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Plakortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the spined diods and triods, tuberculate microrhabds, and by the fiber-like structures in the choanosome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DAE2A15AC09FFB7FB569DFEFB6C67BB" box="[1204,1271,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,186,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakortis spinalis sp. nov.: A, preserved holotype (MNRJ 8597); B, tangential section of the ectosome; C, transverse section of ectosome and choanosome; D, fiber-like structure in the choanosome; E, diods; F, triods; G, tuberculate microrhabds; H, sphere (E – H, SEM)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218899/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FD8F651BAC09FFB7FF259D95FB76679E" box="[199,1261,1484,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="B52A3690AC09FFB7FF259D95FB76679E" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1509]" box="[199,1261,1484,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FF259D95FED5679E" bold="true" box="[199,334,1484,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72954D13AC09FFB7FE299D95FDB9679F" box="[459,546,1484,1508]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="87E1EA82AC09FFB7FE299D95FDB9679F" box="[459,546,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">spinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the presence of small spines on some diods and triods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |