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<document id="6437F068F1BBAD602319E55ADE4008C3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3655.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a6990774-66c7-4586-b14e-354b42d0857b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="223358" ID-ZooBank="FC302AA5-49CC-41B0-9A66-23C11AB4EBAE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460612493272" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gardini, Giulio" docDate="2013" docId="03DE87C1FFD8F9576B99F8831C5FA7BE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03655p151.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3655 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chthonius" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFE7FFB9FFEBF9636B0EFF8C1851A078" masterDocTitle="A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698329375031" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="208B266588E511F3654BC678DCE643B8">A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="37FE50170D4AB9A3C16D6C8970AB8F6C">Gardini, Giulio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="AAC48F02E2CA2E675B54082DB4BEF21B">
<mods:date id="88ADDA1F65431E14C424BF95C06A46E3">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="307F6C95216A0293B15A6A40E0D8F2B3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E09C5C86465EDA4BBE4892DE1FEDD289">3655</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F8FC2CE5AF9065472A48CBCE1047C404">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4DCA4DBDF0B141FD329D32B98F1E0496" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3655.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5118A2CA29EB21A83BB9AB61A12AE7FC" type="GBIF-Dataset">a6990774-66c7-4586-b14e-354b42d0857b</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DE87C1FFD8F9576B99F8831C5FA7BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6155951" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119568580" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6155951" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE87C1FFD8F9576B99F8831C5FA7BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87C1FFD8F9576B99F8831C5FA7BE" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFD8F9506B99F8831B4DA7E8" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFD8F9506B99F8831A16A751" blockId="51.[151,583,1807,1866]" box="[151,583,1807,1833]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="D08081BBFFD8F9506B99F8831A16A751" bold="true" box="[151,583,1807,1833]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506B99F8831A16A751" bold="true" box="[151,583,1807,1833]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
[
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506BAFF8831904A751" bold="true" box="[161,341,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506BAFF8831971A751" ID-CoL="62LNY" box="[161,288,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthonius</taxonomicName>
(E.)
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506A52F8831A6EA751" authority="Beier, 1953" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1953" box="[348,575,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506A52F88319FDA751" bold="true" box="[348,428,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">gibbus</emphasis>
Beier, 1953
</taxonomicName>
]
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFD8F9506B99F8BE1976A732" blockId="51.[151,583,1807,1866]" box="[151,295,1842,1866]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
(
<figureCitation id="134C2A52FFD8F9506B91F8BE194EA732" box="[159,287,1842,1866]" captionStart="FIGURES 94 – 97" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1474,1497]" captionTargetBox="[214,1370,200,1438]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[195,1391,195,1453]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 94 – 97. Chthonius (E.) gibbus Beier, 1953, female syntype. 94, anterior margin of carapace; 95, anterolateral portion of carapace; 96, right chelicera; 97, right chela, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223380/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 94–97</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFD8F9506B99F8F61B4DA7E8" blockId="51.[151,1436,1914,2029]" box="[151,796,1914,1936]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506B99F8F61A87A7E8" authority="Beier 1953a: 293" authorityName="Beier" authorityPageNumber="293" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,726,1914,1936]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus" subGenus="Ephippiochthonius">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506B99F8F61A71A7E8" box="[151,544,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) gibbus</emphasis>
Beier 1953a: 293
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFD8F9576B99F8161A71A172" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFD8F9576B99F8161D76A0B4" blockId="51.[151,1436,1914,2029]" lastBlockId="52.[151,1436,152,266]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
Not
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506BC8F81519FDA7D7" box="[198,428,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506BC8F815197FA7D7" box="[198,302,1945,1967]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthonius</taxonomicName>
(E.)
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506A67F81519FDA7D7" authority="Mahnert 1975: 186" authorityName="Mahnert" authorityPageNumber="186" authorityYear="1975" box="[361,428,1945,1967]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">gibbus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
: Mahnert 1975: 186, figs 1a, 1c (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F95068F3F8161C35A7D7" box="[1021,1124,1945,1967]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F95068F3F8161C35A7D7" box="[1021,1124,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Mahnert 1975: 186, fig. 1b (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506AA0F8351A4DA7B6" box="[430,540,1976,1998]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berninii">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506AA0F8351A4DA7B6" box="[430,540,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C. berninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Callaini 1979a: 134, figs IIa, b (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506F56F8351CEDA7B6" box="[1112,1212,1976,1998]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506F56F8351CEDA7B6" box="[1112,1212,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Callaini 1983b: 403 (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506AC9F85B1A69A795" box="[455,568,2007,2029]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506AC9F85B1A69A795" box="[455,568,2007,2029]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Callaini 1989: 138 (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFD8F9506F4AF85B1CE5A795" box="[1092,1204,2007,2029]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFD8F9506F4AF85B1CE5A795" box="[1092,1204,2007,2029]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Gardini 1995a: 3 (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576AB5FF151A74A0D6" box="[443,549,152,174]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576AB5FF151A74A0D6" box="[443,549,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Gardini 1995b: 45 (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576F07FF151C22A0D6" box="[1033,1139,152,174]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576F07FF151C22A0D6" box="[1033,1139,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Gardini
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576FE4FF151D72A0D6" box="[1258,1315,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
1997: 221 (misidentification, in part, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576AF2FF3B1A07A0B5" box="[508,598,183,205]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nanus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576AF2FF3B1A07A0B5" box="[508,598,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. nanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576989FF3B1ABAA0B5" box="[647,747,183,205]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576989FF3B1ABAA0B5" box="[647,747,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Gardini 2008b: 631 (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576FBBFF3B1D49A0B5" box="[1205,1304,183,205]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576FBBFF3B1D49A0B5" box="[1205,1304,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576B99FF591A71A172" blockId="52.[151,1436,152,266]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576B99FF59197CA093" box="[151,301,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576B99FF5918AEA093" box="[151,255,213,235]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthonius</taxonomicName>
(E.)
</emphasis>
cfr.
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576A50FF591A2AA093" authority="Gardini 1980c: 268" authorityName="Gardini" authorityPageNumber="268" authorityYear="1980" box="[350,635,213,235]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576A50FF5919F0A093" box="[350,417,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">gibbus</emphasis>
: Gardini 1980c: 268
</taxonomicName>
, figs 16–22 (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF95768E8FF5A1C29A093" box="[998,1144,213,235]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyrrhenicus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF95768E8FF5A1C29A093" box="[998,1144,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. tyrrhenicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Callaini 1986: 345, fig. Ic (misidentification, see
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576AA0FF781A40A172" box="[430,529,244,266]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576AA0FF781A40A172" box="[430,529,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFDFF9576B99FEBB1BA4A136" box="[151,1013,309,335]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576B99FEBB1BA4A136" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" box="[151,1013,309,335]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576B99FEBB1968A137" bold="true" box="[151,313,310,335]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FFDFF9576B99FEBB1883A137" box="[151,210,311,335]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576A4EFEBA19D2A136" box="[320,387,310,334]" name="Spain" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spain</collectingCountry>
, Madrid Comun., El Escorial (40°35ʹ21ʺN 4°08ʹ53ʺW).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFDFF9576BC9FED61B60A1C2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576BC9FED61B60A1C2" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BC9FED61931A10B" bold="true" box="[199,352,346,371]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</emphasis>
Mainland
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576AD3FED61A71A10A" box="[477,544,346,370]" name="Spain" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spain</collectingCountry>
. Identifications from
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576819FED61B3FA10A" box="[791,878,346,370]" name="Algeria" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Algeria</collectingCountry>
, Canary Islands,
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576F3BFED71CD0A10A" box="[1077,1153,347,370]" name="France" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">France</collectingCountry>
(mainland and
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576E38FED61DC1A10A" box="[1334,1424,346,370]" name="France" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Corsica</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576B99FEF2189AA1EE" box="[151,203,382,406]" name="Italy" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Italy</collectingCountry>
(mainland, Sardinia and Sicily),
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576934FEF21A2FA1EE" box="[570,638,382,406]" name="Malta" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Malta</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576987FEF31AA0A1EE" box="[649,753,383,406]" name="Morocco" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, mainland
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576867FEF21B99A1EE" box="[873,968,382,406]" name="Portugal" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Portugal</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF95768F3FEF21C6CA1EE" box="[1021,1085,382,406]" name="Spain" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spain</collectingCountry>
(Balearic Islands) (Beier 1975; Harvey 1991, 2011) are doubtful and need to be confirmed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFDFF9576BC9FE4A1A18A2CE" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576BC9FE4A1A18A2CE" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BC9FE4A191EA1A7" bold="true" box="[199,335,454,479]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis (</emphasis>
Ƥ
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576A6AFE4A1925A1A7" bold="true" box="[356,372,454,479]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">).</emphasis>
An eyed epigean
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF957695CFE4A1BE6A1A6" authority="(Ephippiochthonius)" baseAuthorityName="Ephippiochthonius" box="[594,951,454,478]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF957695CFE4A1BE6A1A6" box="[594,951,454,478]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that differs from other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576E8CFE4B1978A27B" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetrachelatus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576E8CFE4B1978A27B" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. tetrachelatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with isolated subapical tooth (
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BE8FD8218ADA25E" box="[230,252,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">di</emphasis>
); carapace without epistome and without preocular microsetae; posterior margin of carapace with 2 macrosetae; hand of chela depressed at level of
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF95769BBFDBF1AA4A233" box="[693,757,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">ib-isb</emphasis>
and with an evident hump distad of
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576F98FDBF1C87A233" box="[1174,1238,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">ib-isb</emphasis>
; pedipalpal fixed finger with 14 triangular teeth, at level of
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576967FDDB1AF0A216" box="[617,673,599,622]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">est-it</emphasis>
with 5 teeth occupying
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FFDFF95768A3FDDA1C52A216" box="[941,1027,598,622]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
(distance between successive apices
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FFDFF9576B99FDF6195FA2EA" box="[151,270,634,658]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.020 mm</quantity>
); length of chela
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FFDFF9576AD8FDF61A6EA2EA" box="[470,575,634,658]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.63">0.63 mm</quantity>
, length of movable chelal finger
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FFDFF95768B4FDF61C72A2EA" box="[954,1059,634,658]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.37">0.37 mm</quantity>
; chela 4.5 times as long as deep; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFDFF9576BC9FD4F1A3AA286" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576BC9FD4F1A3AA286" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BC9FD4F19A4A2A3" bold="true" box="[199,501,706,731]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FFDFF9576BC9FD4F1953A2A3" box="[199,258,707,731]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576AF1FD4E1A1CA2A2" box="[511,589,706,730]" name="Spain" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SPAIN</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576943FD4F1A38A2A3" bold="true" box="[589,617,707,731]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">—</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576964FD4F1A86A2A3" box="[618,727,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Madrid—</emphasis>
2 Ƥ, “
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF957682FFD4F1C4EA2A3" box="[801,1055,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF957682FFD4F1BC5A2A3" box="[801,916,707,731]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthonius</taxonomicName>
(E.)
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF95768DAFD4F1C4EA2A3" box="[980,1055,707,731]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus" status="sp. nov.">gibbus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057BEFFDFF9576F27FD4F1C39A2A2" box="[1065,1128,707,730]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FFDFF9576F8AFD4F1C9CA2A3" box="[1156,1229,707,731]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Typen</typeStatus>
. Beier” “
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576E37FD4E1DC9A2A2" box="[1337,1432,706,730]" name="Spain" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spanien</collectingCountry>
, Escorial /
<date id="FFC91017FFDFF9576A07FD6A192AA286" box="[265,379,742,766]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="1951-02-15">15.2.1951</date>
. Franz leg.” (NMW).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFDFF9576BC9FC86194DA626" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576BC9FC861B7DA58A" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BC9FC861998A35B" bold="true" box="[199,457,778,803]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Description of adult (</emphasis>
Ƥ
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576AD0FC8619BFA35B" bold="true" box="[478,494,778,803]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">).</emphasis>
Integument decolourized by alcohol; weakly hispid granulation on lateral surfaces of carapace. Carapace as long as broad (1.0), subquadrate; anterior margin (fig. 94) with sharp denticles between median macrosetae; anterior margin weakly prominent in one female; ocular area as in fig. 95, anterior eyes with convex lens, posterior ones reduced, with flat lens; chaetotaxy 4:6:4:2:2 (18), preocular microsetae absent. Chaetotaxy tergites
<date id="FFC91017FFDFF9576A8EFC17199BA3CA" box="[384,458,922,946]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">I–X 4</date>
:4:4:4:6:6:6:6:6:4. Chaetotaxy sternites
<date id="FFC91017FFDFF957689CFC171BB0A3CA" box="[914,993,922,946]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">II–X 8</date>
:(3)7(3):(2)7(2):7:6:6:6:6:7. Chelicerae (fig. 96) 2.1 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 1 microseta laterally; fixed finger with 6–7 teeth proximally reduced in size and few proximal microtubercles; movable finger with a large isolated tooth (
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576E56FC6F1D3FA383" box="[1368,1390,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">di</emphasis>
), at level with the spinneret, and with 6 teeth (the distal one larger and apically bicuspid);
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576F9DFB8A1CF9A466" box="[1171,1192,1030,1054]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">gl</emphasis>
ratio 0.56; spinneret prominent and apically rounded; rallum with 11 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process),
<date id="FFC91017FFDFF9576A0FFBC3194EA41E" box="[257,287,1102,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">I 3</date>
+ 3 marginal microsetae,
<date id="FFC91017FFDFF957694EFBC31A38A41E" box="[576,617,1102,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">II 4</date>
,
<date id="FFC91017FFDFF957697AFBC31AF4A41E" box="[628,677,1102,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">III 5</date>
,
<date id="FFC91017FFDFF95769BCFBC31AB7A41E" box="[690,742,1102,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">IV 6</date>
; coxa II with 7–8 coxal spines, coxa III with 4–6 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 5.3 times as long as broad; chela (fig. 97) 4.5 times as long as deep; hand of chela1.9 times as long as deep, depressed at level of
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576832FB1A1B2DA4D6" box="[828,892,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">ib-isb</emphasis>
and with an evident and deep hump distad of
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576E73FB1A18E9A4AB" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">ibisb</emphasis>
; fixed chelal finger with 16 teeth: one distal tooth very small, 14 triangular, weakly reclined, large teeth with dental canals, proximally reduced in size, and one proximal tooth apically rounded; base of fixed finger with 2 microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF957689CFA8F1BF9A563" box="[914,936,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">td</emphasis>
) on antiaxial face; pedipalpal fixed finger at level of
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BF4FAAB1963A546" box="[250,306,1319,1342]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">est-it</emphasis>
with 5 teeth occupying
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FFDFF957695FFAAA1AFAA546" box="[593,683,1318,1342]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
(distance between successive apices
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FFDFF9576F50FAAA1C86A546" box="[1118,1239,1318,1342]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.020 mm</quantity>
); movable chelal finger with 10 triangular teeth, the three proximal ones smaller, the others larger, upright, all with dental canals; proximal third of movable chelal finger with 4–5 vestigial teeth, widely rounded; coupled sensilla
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576FD5FAFC1CA7A5FF" box="[1243,1270,1392,1415]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">pc</emphasis>
sensilla nearer to
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BB8FA1F189EA5D3" box="[182,207,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">sb</emphasis>
than to
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576A3FFA1F196EA5D3" box="[305,319,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">b</emphasis>
; trichobothria as in fig. 97,
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576988FA1F1AA2A5D3" box="[646,755,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">eb-esb-ist</emphasis>
placed in a straight line; basal apodeme of movable finger strongly sclerotized, rectangular, squat; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.4; ratio of pedipalpal femur/ movable finger 1.2; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576BC9FA73194DA626" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.6. Carapace 0.37 × 0.36 (0.33 anteriorly). Chelicerae 0.30 × 0.145; movable finger length 0.16. Pedipalp: femur 0.45 × 0.085; chela 0.63 × 0.14; hand length 0.265; movable finger length 0.37.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFFDFF9576BC9F9E71C5FA7BE" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576BC9F9E719EDA74E" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576BC9F9E7196AA6FB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1643,1667]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Remarks.</emphasis>
The epigean species
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576921F9E71AA5A6FB" box="[559,756,1643,1667]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576921F9E71AA5A6FB" box="[559,756,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Chthonius gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by Beier (1953), based on two females from mainland
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576A08F9021917A6DE" box="[262,326,1678,1702]" name="Spain" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spain</collectingCountry>
(Madrid: El Escorial), and it has since been recorded from many localities of the Iberian Peninsula (Zaragoza 2007), from all the countries that surround the central-western Mediterranean (Harvey 1991, 2011) and from the Canary Islands (Beier 1975). Gardini (2000) cites all Italian records of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576F3AF95B1CF0A696" box="[1076,1185,1750,1774]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576F3AF95B1CF0A696" box="[1076,1185,1750,1774]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for Liguria, Calabria, Sicily and Sardinia. All of the previous records have been based on the original description of Beier (1953), repeated in Beier (1963a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FFDFF9576BC9F8CE1C5FA7BE" blockId="52.[151,1437,309,1990]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Examination of the
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FFDFF9576ABDF8CF1A44A723" box="[435,533,1859,1883]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF957694AF8CF1AE5A723" box="[580,692,1859,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF957694AF8CF1AE5A723" box="[580,692,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reveals the presence of an isolated subapical tooth (
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576E29F8CF1D6CA723" box="[1319,1341,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">di</emphasis>
) on the movable cheliceral finger, which proves that all Italian records of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF957688FF8EB1BBFA706" box="[897,1006,1894,1918]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF957688FF8EB1BBFA706" box="[897,1006,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C. gibbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are due to misidentifications. It is not possible to refer the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F3607647FFDFF9576958F8061AFDA7DA" box="[598,684,1930,1954]" name="France" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Corsica</collectingCountry>
recorded by Callaini (1981) to any existing
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FFDFF9576FC6F8071DCDA7DB" box="[1224,1436,1931,1955]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Ephippiochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FFDFF9576FC6F8071DCDA7DB" box="[1224,1436,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Ephippiochthonius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Other records concerning Mediterranean countries need to be checked.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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