322 lines
35 KiB
XML
322 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="00A449A445422175CF4E0BB703B3D99F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3655.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a6990774-66c7-4586-b14e-354b42d0857b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="223358" ID-ZooBank="FC302AA5-49CC-41B0-9A66-23C11AB4EBAE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460612493272" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gardini, Giulio" docDate="2013" docId="03DE87C1FF8BF9016B99FEC0193FA67F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03655p151.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3655 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chthonius" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="FFE7FFB9FFEBF9636B0EFF8C1851A078" masterDocTitle="A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1698329375031" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2F9DBB48097D4F7333FBEB98C7A3B44D">A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="93E69B9E43F07B65330963C10B8E609E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7B945FE1C7D08AFE24C30018944214E4">Gardini, Giulio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9169282B4C31327FA805325967FE3BF4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="62252B19820E85EA41FAD289F1B4287B">
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<mods:date id="9CA702768B625D815673FFDA6E2E7604">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="865470032CC2B57DCB149B8E5D5C1E4F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="8BFBD7A0EEDA93EAC8AF23E821851E69">3655</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="B64DCE43366AC60F6C53072B612979F3" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="A4BD65A9A899CD935BE813343159F10D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1E4408DA82D59C56D5A0966EF22CA455" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3655.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A990A51DEA92576EC5B88DF7198872D3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DE87C1FF8BF9016B99FEC0193FA67F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6155983" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119568632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6155983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE87C1FF8BF9016B99FEC0193FA67F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87C1FF8BF9016B99FEC0193FA67F" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<subSubSection id="C36D655CFF8BF9036B99FEC01A9BA192" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036B99FEC01AD7A11D" blockId="96.[151,646,331,390]" box="[151,646,331,358]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<heading id="D08081BBFF8BF9036B99FEC01AD7A11D" bold="true" box="[151,646,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036B99FEC01AD7A11D" bold="true" box="[151,646,331,358]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036B99FEC0191AA11E" bold="true" box="[151,331,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8BF9036B99FEC01947A11E" ID-CoL="62LNY" box="[151,278,332,358]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthonius</taxonomicName>
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(E.)
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8BF9036A5DFEC01AD7A11D" authority="Gardini, 1993" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="1993" box="[339,646,331,358]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036A5DFEC01983A11E" bold="true" box="[339,466,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">poseidonis</emphasis>
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Gardini, 1993
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036B99FEE2192AA1FE" blockId="96.[151,646,331,390]" box="[151,379,366,390]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">(Figs 187–190, 285)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036B99FE3B1A9BA192" blockId="96.[151,877,438,491]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8BF9036B99FE3B1B5BA1B4" authority="Gardini 1993b: 75" authorityName="Gardini" authorityPageNumber="75" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,778,438,461]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis" subGenus="Ephippiochthonius">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036B99FE3B1A19A1B5" box="[151,584,439,461]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) poseidonis</emphasis>
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Gardini 1993b: 75
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 1–6.
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036B99FE5919CFA193" box="[151,414,469,491]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8BF9036B99FE5918AEA193" box="[151,255,469,491]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthonius</taxonomicName>
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(E.)
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8BF9036A3CFE5919CFA193" authority="Gardini 2008a: 7" authorityName="Gardini" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="2008" box="[306,414,469,491]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis">poseidonis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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: Gardini 2008a: 7, figs 7–10.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFF8BF9036B99FD941D17A257" box="[151,1350,534,560]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036B99FD941D17A257" blockId="96.[151,1437,534,1982]" box="[151,1350,534,560]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036B99FD941968A248" bold="true" box="[151,313,535,560]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<typeStatus id="54CC8875FF8BF9036B99FD941883A248" box="[151,210,536,560]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3607647FF8BF9036A4EFD9B1925A257" box="[320,372,535,559]" name="Italy" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Italy</collectingCountry>
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, Sardinia, Sassari Prov., Alghero, Grotta di Nettuno 65 Sa/SS (40°33ʹ39ʺN 8°09ʹ50ʺE).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36D655CFF8BF9036BC9FDB71A5FA22C" box="[199,526,571,596]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036BC9FDB71A5FA22C" blockId="96.[151,1437,534,1982]" box="[199,526,571,596]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036BC9FDB71931A22C" bold="true" box="[199,352,571,596]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3607647FF8BF9036A69FDB019CEA22C" box="[359,415,572,596]" name="Italy" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Italy</collectingCountry>
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: Sardinia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36D655CFF8BF9036BC9FDD31BB3A337" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036BC9FDD31BB3A337" blockId="96.[151,1437,534,1982]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036BC9FDD3191AA200" bold="true" box="[199,331,607,632]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Diagnosis (</emphasis>
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Ƥ
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036A7BFDD319D4A200" bold="true" box="[373,389,607,632]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">).</emphasis>
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A hypogean
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8BF9036910FDEC1B2EA200" authority="(Ephippiochthonius)" baseAuthorityName="Ephippiochthonius" box="[542,895,608,632]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036910FDEC1B2EA200" box="[542,895,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius)</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Sardinia that differs from other species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8BF9036BCFFD091925A2E4" box="[193,372,644,668]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetrachelatus">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036BCFFD091925A2E4" box="[193,372,644,668]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">C. tetrachelatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with spinneret in both sexes and without isolated subapical tooth (
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF90369C5FD241AB1A2B8" box="[715,736,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">di</emphasis>
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||
); posterior margin of carapace with 2 macrosetae; fixed and movable chelal finger respectively with
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||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036956FD401B5DA29C" box="[600,780,716,740]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1921-12-25" valueMax="1921-12-09" valueMin="1921-12-25">21–25 and 9–12</date>
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||
triangular teeth; fixed chelal finger at level of
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<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036E18FD411D1FA29C" box="[1302,1358,717,740]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">est-it</emphasis>
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||
with 3 teeth occupying
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<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036A58FD6319FEA370" box="[342,431,751,776]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
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||
(distance between successive apices
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||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF903686EFD631C77A37F" box="[864,1062,751,775]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.0385" valueMax="0.042" valueMin="0.035">0.035–0.042 mm</quantity>
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||
); length of chela 1.21–1.41 (3), 1.16–1.60 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.71–0.80 (3), 0.67–0.94 (Ƥ) mm; chela 6.4–6.7 (3), 5.6–6.1 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.5–18 (3Ƥ).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFF8BF9036BC9FCD01AEFA487" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036BC9FCD01928A3A7" blockId="96.[151,1437,534,1982]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036BC9FCD019BEA30C" bold="true" box="[199,495,859,884]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FF8BF9036BC9FCD01953A30C" box="[199,258,860,884]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ITALY—
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||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF903696FFCD01B2CA30C" box="[609,893,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Sardinia: Sassari Prov.—</emphasis>
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1 3 (
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<typeStatus id="54CC8875FF8BF90368B8FCD01C4FA30C" box="[950,1054,860,884]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), Alghero, Capo Caccia, Grotta di Nettuno 65 Sa/SS,
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||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036A61FCF319CDA3EF" box="[367,412,895,919]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
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||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036AE8FCF31A2AA3EF" box="[486,635,895,919]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1990-08-22">22.VIII.1990</date>
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||
, M. Mucedda leg.; 1 Ƥ (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FF8BF903689AFCF31BABA3EF" box="[916,1018,895,919]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
), id.,
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||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036F35FCF31C97A3EF" box="[1083,1222,895,919]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1989-12-23">23.XII.1989</date>
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||
, M. Mucedda leg.; 1D (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FF8BF9036BC0FC281964A3C4" box="[206,309,932,956]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
), id., Capo Caccia, Grotta del Soffio (= Gruta del Buf) 1389 Sa/SS,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036F77FC281CE9A3C4" box="[1145,1208,932,956]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="52.0">52 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036E02FC281D2BA3C4" box="[1292,1402,932,956]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1990-01-28">28.I.1990</date>
|
||
, I. Panoutsopoulos leg.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9036BC9FC671AEFA487" blockId="96.[151,1437,534,1982]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036BC9FC671A50A47C" bold="true" box="[199,513,1003,1028]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Other material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
ITALY—
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036978FC601BF8A47C" box="[630,937,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Sardinia: Oristano Prov.—</emphasis>
|
||
1 3, Cuglieri, Tegas, Grotta di Cappas 181 Sa/OR,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036BFBFB831913A45F" box="[245,322,1039,1063]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="193.0">193 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036A99FB831A56A45F" box="[407,519,1039,1063]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2005-04-02">2.IV.2005</date>
|
||
, G. Grafitti leg., on decomposing organic matter at
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036F77FB831CE9A45F" box="[1145,1208,1039,1063]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
|
||
from the entrance.
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036B99FBB819E4A434" box="[151,437,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Sardinia: Sassari Prov.—</emphasis>
|
||
3 3 1 Ƥ, id., Capo Caccia, Grotta di Nettuno 65 Sa/SS,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036F21FBB81C0AA434" box="[1071,1115,1076,1100]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036FABFBB81D42A434" box="[1189,1299,1076,1100]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1993-01-17">17.I.1993</date>
|
||
, A. Molinu, G. Murittu & M. Mucedda leg., on dry concretions at
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF90369F2FBDB1B15A417" box="[764,836,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
from the entrance; 1T, id.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036F73FBDB1CAFA417" box="[1149,1278,1111,1135]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1995-06-24">24.VI.1995</date>
|
||
, M. Mucedda leg., under stone in the tourist gallery; 1 3, id.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF90369B1FBF01B6EA4EC" box="[703,831,1148,1172]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2005-03-18">18.III.2005</date>
|
||
, M. Mucedda leg.; 1 Ƥ, id., Capo Caccia, Grotta del Soffio (= Gruta del Buf) 1389 Sa/SS,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF903694CFB131A2DA4CF" box="[578,636,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="52.0">52 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF90369C8FB131B0AA4CF" box="[710,859,1183,1207]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1993-08-25">25.VIII.1993</date>
|
||
, M. Mucedda leg., on wall of the first karst well; 1 3, Mara, Tuva ‘e Mare, Grotta Tuva ‘e Mare 94 Sa/SS,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF903681AFB481B0AA4A4" box="[788,859,1220,1244]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="525.0">525 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF90368A8FB481C49A4A4" box="[934,1048,1220,1244]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1992-03-01">1.III.1992</date>
|
||
, G. Grafitti leg., under stone; 4 Ƥ, id.,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036BCCFB6B191DA487" box="[194,332,1255,1279]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1999-12-19">19.XII.1999</date>
|
||
, F. Camboni & M. Mucedda leg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFF8BF9016BC9FA87194DA574" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF8BF9026BC9FA871DDCA797" blockId="96.[151,1437,534,1982]" lastBlockId="97.[151,1436,1979,2031]" lastPageId="97" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036BC9FA87198AA55C" bold="true" box="[199,475,1291,1316]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Description of adults (</emphasis>
|
||
Ƥ
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF903690BFA871A44A55C" bold="true" box="[517,533,1291,1316]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">).</emphasis>
|
||
Weakly marked troglomorphic facies. Integument depigmented or with weak pigmentation, carapace, chelicerae and pedipalps mostly testaceous; hispid granulation on lateral surface of carapace, cheliceral palm and base of movable chelal finger. Carapace 1.0–1.1 times longer than broad, posteriorly constricted; anterior margin (fig. 187) finely denticulate between median macrosetae, without (Gr. di Nettuno) (fig. 188) or with (Gr. Tuva ‘e Mare) evident epistome; eyes variously developed: missing (Gr. di Cappas), or the anterior ones reduced to a pale cuticular area (Gr. Tuva ‘e Mare) or completely developed (Gr. di Nettuno), in latter case the anterior eyes with convex lens (diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF90369C8FA581BD6A594" box="[710,903,1492,1516]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.0525" valueMax="0.056" valueMin="0.049">0.049–0.056 mm</quantity>
|
||
, distance to anterior margin of carapace 0.050– 0 0
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036BBCFA791956A675" box="[178,263,1525,1549]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
), the posterior ones with flat lens, all eyes with tapetum; chaetotaxy mm(or m)
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036F83FA791C99A675" box="[1165,1224,1525,1549]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="4.0">4mm</quantity>
|
||
(or m):6:4:2:2(18), macrosetae fine; 1 or 2 preocular microsetae on each side, rarely 1 or 3 on one side; length of anteromedian macrosetae
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF8BF9036A26F9BB1988A637" box="[296,473,1591,1615]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.16" valueMin="0.14">0.14–0.16 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Chaetotaxy of tergites
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF903681FF9B41B30A637" box="[785,865,1591,1615]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">I–X 4</date>
|
||
:4:4:4:6:6:6:6:6:4. Chaetotaxy of sternites
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036E69F9B418E9A609" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2010-02" valueMax="2010-10-31" valueMin="2010-02-10">II–X 10</date>
|
||
:(3)8(3):(2)7(2):8:6:6:6:6:7; sternite II rarely with 11 or 14 setae, st. III rarely with (4)9–10(4) setae, sternite IV rarely with (2)8(2) setae, sternite V rarely with 10 setae; genital opening of males mostly flanked by 6–11 setae on each side. Chelicerae (fig. 189) 2.0–2.4 times as long as broad, palm with 6 or 7 setae and 2 microsetae laterally, fixed finger with 7–11 teeth and about 5 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with 7–10 teeth proximally reduced in size and about 5 proximal microtubercles; movable finger without isolated subapical tooth (
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036E13F9521D62A68E" box="[1309,1331,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">di</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036E45F9521D30A68E" box="[1355,1377,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">gl</emphasis>
|
||
ratio 0.58–0.62; spinneret weakly raised in males, prominent, conical and apically rounded in females; rallum with 11 blades; serrula exterior with 14–17 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process),
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036E41F8AE1D3FA741" box="[1359,1390,1825,1849]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">I 3</date>
|
||
+ 3 marginal microsetae,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036A82F8CF19E9A722" box="[396,440,1858,1882]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">II 4</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036AC8F8CF19ADA722" box="[454,508,1858,1882]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">III 5</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF8BF9036904F8CF1A6EA722" box="[522,575,1858,1882]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">IV 6</date>
|
||
(rarely 7); coxa II with 9–17 coxal spines, coxa III with 5–9 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 6.6–8.1 (3), 6.9–7.4 (Ƥ) times as long as broad; chela (fig. 190) 6.4– 6.7 (3), 5.6–6.1 (Ƥ) as long as deep; hand of chela 2.5–2.9 (3), 2.2–2.5 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed proximally
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF9036A12F82A190CA7C6" box="[284,349,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">ib-isb</emphasis>
|
||
(with a weak hump distad of
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8BF90369BFF82A1AA3A7C6" box="[689,754,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">ib-isb</emphasis>
|
||
in specimens from Gr. di Cappas and Gr. di Tuva ‘e Mare);
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8AF9026A1AF837193CA7A8" bold="true" box="[276,365,1979,2000]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">187–190</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8AF9026A71F8371A4AA7A9" box="[383,539,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8AF9026A71F83719B6A7A9" box="[383,487,1979,2001]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthonius</taxonomicName>
|
||
(E.)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF8AF9026926F8371B62A7A9" authority="Gardini, 1993" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="1993" box="[552,819,1979,2001]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF8AF9026926F8371AC5A7A9" box="[552,660,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">poseidonis</emphasis>
|
||
Gardini, 1993
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CC8875FF8AF9026888F8371BB2A7A9" box="[902,995,1979,2001]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). 187, anterior margin of carapace; 188, anterolateral portion of carapace; 189, fingers of right chelicera; 190, right chela, lateral view (redrawn after Gardini, 1993b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF89F9016B99FF1B197FA18C" blockId="98.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
fixed chelal finger with 23–27 teeth: 2–3 proximal teeth apically rounded, the others triangular, sharp, proximally reduced in size, all teeth with dental canals; tip of fixed chelal finger with a modified accessory tooth (
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016E58FF301D3DA0AC" box="[1366,1388,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">td</emphasis>
|
||
) on antiaxial face; fixed chelal finger at level of
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016992FF6D1A85A080" box="[668,724,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">est-it</emphasis>
|
||
with 3 teeth occupying
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF89F90168E0FF531C16A08F" box="[1006,1095,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(distance between successive apices
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF89F9016BEDFE8819F7A164" box="[227,422,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="0.0385" valueMax="0.042" valueMin="0.035">0.035–0.042 mm</quantity>
|
||
); distal half of movable chelal finger with 1 or 2 very small distal teeth and 8–11 triangular, upright, sharp teeth; proximal half of movable chelal finger with vestiges of 8–15 teeth back to trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016E8DFEA41DCDA138" box="[1411,1436,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">sb</emphasis>
|
||
(or a little proximad of
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016AA9FEC01991A11C" box="[423,448,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">sb</emphasis>
|
||
), all teeth with dental canals; coupled sensilla
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F90168D2FEC11BA6A11C" box="[988,1015,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">pc</emphasis>
|
||
nearer to
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016F60FEC01CD6A11C" box="[1134,1159,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">sb</emphasis>
|
||
than to
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016FE6FEC01CA7A11C" box="[1256,1270,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">b</emphasis>
|
||
(rarely a little distad of
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016A0EFEFC1948A1F0" box="[256,281,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">sb</emphasis>
|
||
); trichobothria as in fig. 190,
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016962FEFC1A88A1F0" box="[620,729,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">eb-esb-ist</emphasis>
|
||
mostly placed in a straight line, rarely
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016F9DFEFD1CFCA1F0" box="[1171,1197,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">ist</emphasis>
|
||
at level of
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016E20FEFC1D02A1F0" box="[1326,1363,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">esb</emphasis>
|
||
; basal apodeme of movable chelal finger strongly sclerotized, mostly narrow, rectangular; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.35–1.6 (3Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.1–1.3 (3Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.5–18 (3Ƥ).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF89F9016BC9FD8C1C10A2DF" blockId="98.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.8–2.3 (3), 2.2–2.5 (Ƥ). Carapace 0.57–0.60 × 0.53–0.58 (0.48–0.55 anteriorly) (3), 0.54–0.58 × 0.51–0.68 (0.48–0.64 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.50–0.55 × 0.21–0.26 (3), 0.50– 0.64 × 0.22–0.315 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.25–0.27 (3), 0.24–0.30 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.83–1.05 × 0.12– 0.135 (3), 0.84–1.18 × 0.12–0.16 (Ƥ); chela 1.21–1.41 × 0.19–0.21 (3), 1.16–1.60 × 0.20–0.27 (Ƥ); hand length 0.47–0.61 (3), 0.46–0.66 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.71–0.80 (3), 0.67–0.94 (Ƥ).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF89F9016BC9FD3F197BA4D8" blockId="98.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016BC9FD3F1A41A2B4" bold="true" box="[199,528,691,716]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Description of tritonymph.</emphasis>
|
||
Integument depigmented. Carapace 0.95 times longer than broad, posteriorly slightly constricted, anterior margin denticulate, without epistome; anterior eyes with flat lens, no posterior eyes; chaetotaxy m
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B32FF89F9016A49FD701923A36C" box="[327,370,764,788]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="4.0">4m</quantity>
|
||
:6:4:2:2(18). Chaetotaxy of tergites as in adults. Chaetotaxy of sternites
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF89F9016E69FD7118F8A34F" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">II–X 4</date>
|
||
:(2)6(2):(1)6(1):7:6:6:6:6:6. Chelicerae 2.1 times as long as broad, palm with 5 setae and 1 microseta laterally; fixed finger with 6–7 teeth proximally reduced in size; movable finger with 6 teeth, without isolated subapical tooth (
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016BEDFCE418A8A3F8" box="[227,249,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">di</emphasis>
|
||
); spinneret prominent;
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016909FCE41A4CA3F8" box="[519,541,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">gl</emphasis>
|
||
ratio 0.60; rallum with 9 blades; serrula exterior with about 12 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process),
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF89F9016803FC011B7AA3DC" box="[781,811,908,932]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">I 3</date>
|
||
+ 2 marginal microsetae,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF89F9016F43FC011C27A3DC" box="[1101,1142,908,932]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">II 4</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF89F9016F8CFC011CE5A3DC" box="[1154,1204,908,932]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">III 5</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC91017FF89F9016FCEFC011CA5A3DC" box="[1216,1268,908,932]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">IV 5</date>
|
||
; coxa II with 7 coxal spines, coxa III with 3 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 6.5 times as long as broad; chela 6.7 times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.8 times as long as deep; fixed chelal finger with 18 triangular teeth proximally reduced in size back to the finger base, followed by 4 proximal microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016AD6FB9019BFA44C" box="[472,494,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">td</emphasis>
|
||
) on antiaxial face; distal half of movable chelal finger with 10 triangular teeth (the distal one very small) with dental canals and, in the proximal half, with vestiges of 9 teeth without dental canals; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.4; ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.2; ratio of pedipalpal femur/ carapace 1.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF89F9016BC9FB21194DA574" blockId="98.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.4. Carapace 0.43 × 0.45 (0.41 anteriorly). Chelicerae 0.38 × 0.18, movable finger length 0.19. Pedipalp: femur 0.68 × 0.105; chela 0.94 × 0.14; hand length 0.39; movable finger length 0.55.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36D655CFF89F9016BC9FA94193FA67F" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF89F9016BC9FA941CA7A5E4" blockId="98.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016BC9FA94196AA548" bold="true" box="[199,315,1304,1328]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Among the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F9016977FA941BD8A548" box="[633,905,1304,1328]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetrachelatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016977FA941BD8A548" box="[633,905,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Chthonius tetrachelatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F90168E8FA941CD3A548" box="[998,1154,1304,1328]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F90168E8FA941CD3A548" box="[998,1154,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. poseidonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to the hypogean
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F9016A03FAB119D7A52C" box="[269,390,1340,1364]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafittii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016A03FAB119D7A52C" box="[269,390,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. grafittii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from NW Sardinia, from which it differs in minor troglomorphic facies: chela 6.4–6.7 (3) 5.6–6.1 (Ƥ) times as long as deep in
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F901693DFAEC1A82A500" box="[563,723,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F901693DFAEC1A9EA500" box="[563,719,1376,1400]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis">C. poseidonis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
6.85 (3) 6.1–6.5 (Ƥ) times as long as deep in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F9016FD3FAEC1D05A500" box="[1245,1364,1376,1400]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafittii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016FD3FAEC1D05A500" box="[1245,1364,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. grafittii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; fixed chelal finger with 21–25 triangular teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F9016970FA091B46A5E4" box="[638,791,1412,1436]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016970FA091B46A5E4" box="[638,791,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. poseidonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with 18–22 triangular teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F9016F77FA091CBEA5E4" box="[1145,1263,1412,1436]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grafittii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016F77FA091CBEA5E4" box="[1145,1263,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. grafittii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836D7FF89F9016BC9FA2B193FA67F" blockId="98.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Gardini (2008) noted morphological differences between subterranean Sardinian populations, but nevertheless referred them all to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F9016A7BFA411A5FA59C" box="[373,526,1484,1508]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poseidonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016A7BFA411A5FA59C" box="[373,526,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. poseidonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A similar taxonomic difficulty—due to shortage of specimens—is mentioned in regard to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D54FF89F9016A0CFA7C1936A670" box="[258,359,1520,1544]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC5FF89F9016A0CFA7C1936A670" box="[258,359,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. concii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |