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<document id="6677A18BE391F03A09690F2CEF63C62C" ID-CLB-Dataset="169748" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5195.5.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2489f371-1d4c-491a-93dd-a1105f3764db" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7223783" ID-ZooBank="BC6FDDF5-45B9-4F4B-B9B2-4EBB8A070F59" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1666164161193" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yao, Junli, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Sharkey, Michael J., Chapman, Eric G., Fang, Shuqian, Aizezi, Ayizuohere &amp; Li, Jimin" docDate="2022" docId="03DE8789FFDFFF93FF265B4B57C5DC0D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5195.5.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5195 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phaenospila van Achterberg &amp; Yao 2022, gen. nov." docType="key" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="471" masterDocId="FFE7FFF1FFDEFF90FFB15D7D5259DA2B" masterDocTitle="Phaenospila gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) and three new species from Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="484" masterPageNumber="468" pageNumber="469" updateTime="1699408913094" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E8C0043CF6BF513834CFBF1D300F7C7B">Phaenospila gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) and three new species from Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="73BBAA8A5FB13C847AB564BE9BD0050C">Yao, Junli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2086FB276DBE5E8C342F7FAE88AE89C5">Achterberg, Cornelis Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A2EEF39ED6400517F24BFE944008E836">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6495 - 4853 Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40546 - 0091, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="49355D23201F5BB7B00B7376599BDFAF">Sharkey, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1EA73705FC6EF3D4D7289FDDECFCCC74">Chapman, Eric G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81AA5EE07CEBF48E89DC4B6086DEE94D">https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3464 - 3074</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D916DA9C0D0AE02E7B4522A5043B21C4">Fang, Shuqian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4C7BF2D87D511B05433B0A96CAFC13ED">Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture &amp; Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9216 - 2132</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EF03E1BA700F60C7899945EEC01A0500">Aizezi, Ayizuohere</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DF4C2B42022F484C903C53E4B19C793">Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture &amp; Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6664 - 6088</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B5C07047C9F442591727D655E448720F">Li, Jimin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CA18F815F63798FB86363270D9691773">Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture &amp; Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7436 - 6609</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C1489CEF6FC63238CFB5C628263613C9">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FF48A6304814646B152949497E622C57">2022-10-14</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DE8789FFDFFF93FF265B4B57C5DC0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223787" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203118094" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7223787" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE8789FFDFFF93FF265B4B57C5DC0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE8789FFDFFF93FF265B4B57C5DC0D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDFFF91FF265B4B5090DC7A" box="[151,713,1590,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDFFF91FF265B4B5090DC7A" blockId="1.[151,713,1590,1653]" box="[151,713,1590,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
<heading id="D08081F3FFDFFF91FF265B4B5090DC7A" bold="true" box="[151,713,1590,1617]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FF265B4B5090DC7A" bold="true" box="[151,713,1590,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDFFF91FF265B4B5017DC7A" authority="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityName="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,590,1590,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FF265B4B5374DC7A" bold="true" box="[151,301,1590,1617]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Phaenospila</emphasis>
van Achterberg &amp; Yao
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDFFF91FDEA5B4A5090DC7A" box="[603,713,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDFFF91FF265B265352DC5E" box="[151,267,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDFFF91FF265B265352DC5E" blockId="1.[151,713,1590,1653]" box="[151,267,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
(
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDFFF91FF2E5B26535ADC5E" box="[159,259,1627,1653]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox-0="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetBox-1="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetBox-2="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId-0="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Figs 2–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDFFF91FF265BDD5113DC9C" box="[151,842,1695,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDFFF91FF265BDD5113DC9C" blockId="1.[151,842,1695,1720]" box="[151,842,1695,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
<typeStatus id="54CC883DFFDFFF91FF265BDD5290DC93" box="[151,201,1696,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDFFF91FE975BE25076DC9C" authority="Yao" authorityName="Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[294,559,1695,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signator" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FE975BE253A6DC9C" box="[294,511,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Phaenospila signator</emphasis>
Yao
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FD8B5BE250D3DC9C" bold="true" box="[570,650,1695,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDFFF91FD8B5BE250D3DC9C" box="[570,650,1695,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Gender: feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDFFF91FF265B98512EDD6C" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDFFF91FF265B98512EDD6C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1765,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FF265B985341DCD4" bold="true" box="[151,280,1765,1791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Etymology</emphasis>
. From a combination of two generic names (
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDFFF91FC925B9851E3DCD4" box="[803,954,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FC925B9851E3DCD4" box="[803,954,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Phaenocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDFFF91FC445B985634DCD4" authorityName="Förster" authorityYear="1862" box="[1013,1133,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cratospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FC445B985634DCD4" box="[1013,1133,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Cratospila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) because it belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDFFF91FF265A745377DD08" box="[151,302,1801,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FF265A745377DD08" box="[151,302,1801,1827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Phaenocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group of genera and shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDFFF91FD1F5A74517FDD08" authorityName="Förster" authorityYear="1862" box="[686,806,1801,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cratospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FD1F5A74517FDD08" box="[686,806,1801,1827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Cratospila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the very elongate antennomeres (
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDFFF91FB185A745688DD08" box="[1193,1233,1801,1827]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">AS</collectingCountry>
). However, in the latter genus the first flagellomere is longest instead of the second.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDFFF92FF765A2C56B6DB36" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="470" pageId="1" pageNumber="469" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDFFF92FF765A2C56B6DB36" blockId="1.[151,1437,1765,2008]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="470" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDFFF91FF765A2C5363DD40" bold="true" box="[199,314,1873,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Antenna with white band,
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDFFF91FD305A2C50FCDD40" box="[641,677,1873,1899]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">AS</collectingCountry>
4 strongly elongate and 1.8–2.7 × as long as
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDFFF91FB085A2C56B8DD40" box="[1209,1249,1873,1899]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">AS</collectingCountry>
3; clypeus semicircular and ventrally obtuse; precoxal sulcus complete and crenulate; postpectal carina present ventrally and more or less lamelliform; vein r issued distinctly behind middle of pterostigma; marginal cell of fore wing reaching apex of wing (rarely remaining removed from apex) and vein 1-R1 1.4–1.9 × as long as pterostigma (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDFFF91FB685AC05768DDFC" box="[1241,1329,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDFFF91FA8F5AC05738DDFC" box="[1342,1377,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDFFF91FADC5AC057D6DDFC" box="[1389,1423,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="469">4F</figureCitation>
); veins 1-M and m-cu of fore wing subparallel (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FD105DEA50A0DA9A" box="[673,761,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FCB45DEA5171DA9A" box="[773,808,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FC855DEA510FDA9A" box="[820,854,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">4F</figureCitation>
); vein 1-SR+M of fore wing evenly curved basally; vein 1r-m of hind wing gradually merging into vein 1-M; vein m-cu of hind wing far antefurcal and unsclerotised basally; vein M+CU of hind wing 0.7–1.0 × as long as vein 1-M; setose part of 0.4–0.5 × as long as fore wing and 1.1–1.6 × as long as hind tibia, ovipositor sheath setae long and moderately dense (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FB885C7E56D2DB36" box="[1081,1163,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Figs 2I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FB265C7E56E9DB36" box="[1175,1200,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">3I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FB0D5C7E56BADB36" box="[1212,1251,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">4H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF086617FFDCFF92FF265BE8516FDCFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223785" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7223785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223785/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" startId="2.[151,250,1685,1709]" targetBox="[151,1436,308,1656]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDCFF92FF265BE8516FDCFA" blockId="2.[151,1436,1685,1745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FF265BE8534ADC86" bold="true" box="[151,275,1685,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Tree of highest log-likelihood from 100 ML search reps of the COI data set, including three outgroup genera. ML Bootstrap values (500 replicates) ≥50 are plotted above the nodes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDCFF92FF765B825011DD31" box="[199,584,1791,1818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDCFF92FF765B825011DD31" blockId="2.[151,1436,1791,1962]" box="[199,584,1791,1818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FF765B825338DD32" bold="true" box="[199,353,1791,1817]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Distribution.</emphasis>
Oriental (
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDCFF92FE635A7D5065DD31" box="[466,572,1792,1818]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Thailand</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDCFF92FF765A5E52ADDD81" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDCFF92FF765A5E53FDDD15" blockId="2.[151,1436,1791,1962]" box="[199,420,1827,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FF765A5E537EDD16" bold="true" box="[199,295,1827,1853]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Biology.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDCFF92FF765A3552ADDD81" blockId="2.[151,1436,1791,1962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FF765A355353DD49" bold="true" box="[199,266,1864,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Notes</emphasis>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDCFF92FE235A355178DD49" authority="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityName="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[402,801,1864,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FE235A355047DD49" box="[402,542,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Phaenospila</emphasis>
van Achterberg &amp; Yao
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FC9A5A3551CDDD49" bold="true" box="[811,916,1864,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDCFF92FC9A5A3551CDDD49" box="[811,916,1864,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
runs in the key to the genera and subgenera of the
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDCFF92FF0E5A115340DDAD" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[191,281,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Alysiini">Alysiini</taxonomicName>
by Zhu
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FEC65A1153F6DDAD" box="[375,431,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">et al.</emphasis>
(2017) to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDCFF92FD955A1150D2DDAD" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[548,651,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FD955A1150D2DDAD" box="[548,651,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the new genus can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDCFF92FB1E5A115727DDAD" authority="Wharton" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[1199,1406,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDCFF92FB1E5A11574FDDAD" box="[1199,1302,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Alysiasta</emphasis>
Wharton
</taxonomicName>
as follows:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDCFF93FF265AA85616D9D6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="2" pageNumber="470" type="key">
<keyStep id="30832E3AFFDCFF93FF265AA857C5DBBC" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<key id="FFE661AEFFDCFF93FF265AA857C5DBBC" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDCFF93FF265AA857C5DB2E" blockId="2.[151,1436,2005,2027]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,408]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
<keyLead id="308695AAFFDCFF93FF265AA857C5DB2E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">
1 Postpectal carina present ventrally, lamelliform (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FD025AA85158DDC1" box="[691,769,2005,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FCBA5AA85173DDC1" box="[779,810,2005,2026]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">3C</figureCitation>
); vein m-cu of hind wing largely unsclerotised (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FB455AA8571ADDC1" box="[1268,1347,2005,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FAFD5AA85733DDC1" box="[1356,1386,2005,2026]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDCFF92FAC55AA857C9DDC1" box="[1396,1424,2005,2026]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="470">4F</figureCitation>
); vein 1-R1 1.5–1.6 x as long as pterostigma (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FD355DEA508BDA86" box="[644,722,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FD6A5DE550A0DA86" box="[731,761,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FCB35DE55146DA86" box="[770,799,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4F</figureCitation>
); antenna with white band (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FB945DEA562DDA86" box="[1061,1140,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FBCC5DE556C5DA86" box="[1149,1180,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FB175DE5569EDA86" box="[1190,1223,152,173]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4A</figureCitation>
); fourth antennomeres very elongate, 1.8–2.7 x longer than third segment (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FD685DC8517DDAE1" box="[729,804,181,203]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FC9E5DC85117DAE1" box="[815,846,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">3D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FCE85DC8512EDAE1" box="[857,887,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4E</figureCitation>
); wing membrane subhyaline; metanotum not or slightly protruding dorsally (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FE195DAF53ABDACC" box="[424,498,210,232]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FE4D5DAF5045DACC" box="[508,540,210,231]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">3G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FD975DAF501DDACC" box="[550,580,210,231]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4E</figureCitation>
); veins 1-M and m-cu of fore wing subparallel (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FBA25DAF563BDACC" box="[1043,1122,210,232]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FBDD5DAF56D3DACC" box="[1132,1162,210,231]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FB255DAF56E9DACC" box="[1172,1200,210,231]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4F</figureCitation>
); biology unknown; Old World..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FC6E5D925760DB2E" authority="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityName="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[991,1337,239,261]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC6E5D925603DB2E" bold="true" box="[991,1114,239,261]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Phaenospila</emphasis>
van Achterberg &amp; Yao
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FAF35D8D57C5DB2E" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,240,261]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDDFF93FAF35D8D57C5DB2E" box="[1346,1436,240,261]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDDFF93FF265C7057C5DBBC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<keyLead id="308695AAFFDDFF93FF265C7057C5DBBC" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
- Postpectal carina absent ventrally; vein m-cu of hind wing distinctly sclerotised basally (Fig. 20 Wharton 1980;
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FA995C705728DB09" box="[1320,1393,269,291]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,308,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-100@2.[151,1436,306,1659]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tree of highest log-likelihood from 100 ML search reps of the COI data set, including three outgroup genera. ML Bootstrap values (500 replicates) ≥50 are plotted above the nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223785/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
Dix 2010); vein 1-R1 1.1–1.2 x as long as pterostigma (Figs 19, 25 Wharton 1980;
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FC635C575640DB14" box="[978,1049,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,308,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-100@2.[151,1436,306,1659]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tree of highest log-likelihood from 100 ML search reps of the COI data set, including three outgroup genera. ML Bootstrap values (500 replicates) ≥50 are plotted above the nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223785/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
Dix 2010); antenna without white band; fourth antennomeres less elongate, 1.3–2.0 x longer than third segment (Figs 5, 6 Wharton 1980); wing membrane darkened; metanotum more or less acutely protruding dorsally; veins 1-M and m-cu of fore wing strongly covering posteriorly (Figs 19, 25 Wharton 1980;
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FE275CFF5387DBBC" box="[406,478,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,308,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-100@2.[151,1436,306,1659]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tree of highest log-likelihood from 100 ML search reps of the COI data set, including three outgroup genera. ML Bootstrap values (500 replicates) ≥50 are plotted above the nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223785/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
Dix 2010); parasitoids of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FD6A5CFF5132DBB3" ID-CoL="FYF" box="[731,875,386,408]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sarcophagidae</taxonomicName>
; New World, East Palaearctic?..
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FB1C5CFF57C5DBBC" ID-CoL="T53" authority="Wharton, 1980" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[1197,1436,386,408]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FB1C5CFF575FDBB3" bold="true" box="[1197,1286,386,408]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
Wharton, 1980
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</key>
</keyStep>
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDDFF93FF765CBA5616D9D6" blockId="3.[151,1437,454,1021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FF765CBA5353DBCA" bold="true" box="[199,266,455,481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Notes</emphasis>
(by CvA). The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FE4C5CBB5149DBCA" ID-CoL="T53" authority="Wharton, 1980" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[509,784,454,481]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FE4C5CBB503DDBCB" box="[509,612,454,480]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
Wharton, 1980
</taxonomicName>
(as treated in this paper has a New World distribution, with the possibly exception of the East Palaearctic species
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FD425C965606D82E" ID-CoL="669KD" authority="Belokobylskij, 1998" authorityName="Belokobylskij" authorityYear="1998" box="[755,1119,490,517]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="udaegae">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FD425C96512BD82F" box="[755,882,490,517]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">A. udaegae</emphasis>
Belokobylskij, 1998
</taxonomicName>
. This species may belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FF265F7352A7D803" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,254,526,552]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FF265F7352A7D803" box="[151,254,526,552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
despite a fore wing marginal cell that is longer than normal for
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FC615F73566ED803" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[976,1079,526,552]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC615F73566ED803" box="[976,1079,526,552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but vein 1-R1 of the fore wing is 1.1 times longer than the pterostigma (which is similar to New World
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FC7B5F4F5668D867" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[970,1073,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC7B5F4F5668D867" box="[970,1073,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The oblique vein m-cu of fore wing and the far antefurcal vein m-cu of hind wing allow for retaining this species in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FBEA5F2B569BD85B" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[1115,1218,598,624]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FBEA5F2B569BD85B" box="[1115,1218,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the partly pale antenna and subhyaline wing membrane indicate that it might not belong to this genus. Fischer (2006) included the Oriental
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FF485FE350D7D892" authority="Bhat, 1979" authorityName="Bhat" authorityYear="1979" box="[249,654,670,697]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbreviata">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FF485FE35057D893" box="[249,526,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Phaenocarpa abbreviata</emphasis>
Bhat, 1979
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FD735FE25182D892" authority="Bhat, 1979" authorityName="Bhat" authorityYear="1979" box="[706,987,670,697]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sikkimensis">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FD735FE25105D893" box="[706,860,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">P. sikkimensis</emphasis>
Bhat,
<quantity id="4C8F9B7AFFDDFF93FC125FE25182D892" box="[931,987,671,697]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.02666" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" unit="in" value="1979.0">1979</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FC4C5FE3563DD893" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[1021,1124,670,696]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC4C5FE3563DD893" box="[1021,1124,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the first species belongs to a yet undescribed genus and the second to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FD3D5FBF51D9D8F7" ID-CoL="53HW" authority="Foerster, 1863" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" box="[652,896,706,733]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Idiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FD3D5FBF5083D8F7" box="[652,730,706,732]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Idiasta</emphasis>
Foerster, 1863
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC3E5FBE5656D8F6" bold="true" box="[911,1039,707,733]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">comb. nov.</emphasis>
) because of the comparatively long hind wing vein M+CU.
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FE1C5F9B5165D92B" ID-CoL="65XKD" authority="Fischer, 2006" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="2006" box="[429,828,742,768]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulum">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FE1C5F9B50C1D92B" box="[429,664,742,768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta triangulum</emphasis>
Fischer, 2006
</taxonomicName>
belongs to a newly described genus
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FB575F9B5733D92B" box="[1254,1386,742,768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Anamalysia</emphasis>
van Achterberg, 2022. Two Afrotropical species are included by Fischer (2006):
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FC5A5E76577CD90F" ID-CoL="65XJ9" authority="Fischer, 2006" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="2006" box="[1003,1317,778,805]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multicrenis">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC5A5E7656DED90F" box="[1003,1159,778,805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">A. multicrenis</emphasis>
Fischer, 2006
</taxonomicName>
has a long vein 1r-m and strongly widened marginal cell of fore wing indicating that it does not belong in
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FB1B5E535741D963" box="[1194,1304,814,840]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FB1B5E53574DD963" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[1194,1300,814,840]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alysiasta</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Most likely is an aberrant species of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FE045E2E5090D947" ID-CoL="4VQX" authority="Walker, 1860" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1860" box="[437,713,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Heratemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FE045E2E5073D947" box="[437,554,851,876]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Heratemis</emphasis>
Walker, 1860
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FD6D5E2E5107D946" bold="true" box="[732,862,851,877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">comb. nov.</emphasis>
). The second species,
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FBD25E2E57D8D947" ID-CoL="5TXJ9" authority="Fischer, 2006" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="2006" box="[1123,1409,850,877]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levigata">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FBD25E2E5687D947" box="[1123,1246,850,877]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">A. levigata</emphasis>
Fischer, 2006
</taxonomicName>
is insufficiently described to place the species in a genus, but the illustrated fore wing (e.g. marginal cell reaching tip of wing and vein m-cu angled with vein 2-CU1) indicates that it does not belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FB8E5EE756FFD99F" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[1087,1190,922,948]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FB8E5EE756FFD99F" box="[1087,1190,922,948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The description does not indicate why it should be included in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FDD45EC35095D9F3" ID-CoL="T53" authorityName="Wharton" authorityYear="1980" box="[613,716,958,984]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FDD45EC35095D9F3" box="[613,716,958,984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Alysiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the description does not supply arguments against inclusion in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FF055E9F53F5D9D7" ID-CoL="53HW" authority="Foerster, 1863" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" box="[180,428,994,1021]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Idiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FF055E9F535BD9D7" box="[180,258,994,1020]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Idiasta</emphasis>
Foerster, 1863
</taxonomicName>
, therefore, it is treated provisionally as belonging to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FC4A5E9F5610D9D7" ID-CoL="53HW" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" box="[1019,1097,994,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Idiasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC4A5E9F5610D9D7" box="[1019,1097,994,1020]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Idiasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDDFF93FF2659325647DE42" box="[151,1054,1102,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDDFF93FF2659325647DE42" blockId="3.[151,1054,1102,1129]" box="[151,1054,1102,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<heading id="D08081F3FFDDFF93FF2659325647DE42" bold="true" box="[151,1054,1102,1129]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FF2659325647DE42" bold="true" box="[151,1054,1102,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
Key to species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FE5D593351FADE42" authority="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityName="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[492,931,1102,1129]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FE5D593350DBDE42" bold="true" box="[492,642,1102,1129]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Phaenospila</emphasis>
van Achterberg &amp; Yao
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDDFF93FC0159325647DE42" box="[944,1054,1103,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6514FFDDFF93FF2659E957C5DC0D" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" type="key">
<keyStep id="30832E3AFFDDFF93FF2659E957C5DF5D" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDDFF93FF2659E957C5DF2A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<keyLead id="308695AAFFDDFF93FF2659E957C5DF2A" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
1. Only anterior quarter of propodeum with medio-longitudinal carina and slightly wrinkled laterally, remainder of propodeum reticulate (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FEFB59CC53C3DEED" box="[330,410,1201,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
); notauli present on anterior 1/3, sparsely crenulate (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FC1559CC51A8DEED" box="[932,1009,1201,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
); midpit round and small; face with almost complete strong and smooth medio-longitudinal carina, with slight rugae ventrally (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FBA859B3563EDEC8" box="[1049,1127,1230,1252]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-24@5.[215,1372,179,1854]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–I. Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); vein m-cu slightly antefurcal;
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDDFF93FF535996536EDF2A" box="[226,311,1259,1281]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Thailand</collectingCountry>
..............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FCD25996571FDF2A" authority="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityName="van Achterberg &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[867,1350,1259,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicarinata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FCD25996563EDF2A" bold="true" box="[867,1127,1259,1281]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Phaenospila brevicarinata</emphasis>
van Achterberg &amp; Yao
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FAE1599157C5DF2A" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1260,1281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDDFF93FAE1599157C5DF2A" box="[1360,1436,1260,1281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDDFF93FF26587457C5DF5D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<keyLead id="308695AAFFDDFF93FF26587457C5DF5D" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
- At least anterior half of propodeum with medio-longitudinal carina and smooth laterally, propodeum with clear areolae, one pentagon-shaped areola or several longitudinal areolae posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FC32585B518ADF10" box="[899,979,1318,1340]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FC50585B5658DF10" box="[993,1025,1318,1339]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4G</figureCitation>
); notauli present on anterior 0.6–0.7 and crenulate (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FEF9583E53CFDF72" box="[328,406,1347,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Figs 3E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FE1358395398DF72" box="[418,449,1348,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4C</figureCitation>
); midpit elliptical and larger, 2.0 × longer than wide; face with less strong Y-shaped carinae dorsally, with strong bell-shaped rugae ventrally (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FDD7581C50ECDF5D" box="[614,693,1377,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FD0E581C5087DF5D" box="[703,734,1377,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">4B</figureCitation>
); vein m-cu interstitial to slightly postfurcal;
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDDFF93FB20581C56BFDF5C" box="[1169,1254,1377,1399]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.............. 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30832E3AFFDDFF93FF26580357C5DC0D" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDDFF93FF26580357C5DFE5" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<keyLead id="308695AAFFDDFF93FF26580357C5DFE5" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
2. Only anterior half of propodeum with medio-longitudinal carina, posterior half of propodeum with a pentagon-shaped areola medially and rectangle areolae laterally, otherwise smooth (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FC8D58E651D4DF9A" box="[828,909,1435,1457]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[236,1352,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg &amp; Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
); scutellar sulcus smooth, except one strong mediolongitudinal carina;
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDDFF93FE1258C453A1DFE4" box="[419,504,1465,1487]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.................................
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FC3A58C5571FDFE4" authority="Yao &amp; van Achterberg" authorityName="Yao &amp; van Achterberg" authorityYear="2022" box="[907,1350,1464,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="areolator" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FC3A58C5563EDFE5" bold="true" box="[907,1127,1464,1486]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Phaenospila areolator</emphasis>
Yao &amp; van Achterberg
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FAE158C457C5DFE5" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1465,1486]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDDFF93FAE158C457C5DFE5" box="[1360,1436,1465,1486]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8369FFFDDFF93FF2658AA57C5DC0D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1171,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<keyLead id="308695AAFFDDFF93FF2658AA57C5DC0D" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
- Propodeum with complete medio-longitudinal carina, posterior half of propodeum with several longitudinal areolae and with dense irregular rugae laterally (
<figureCitation id="134C2A1AFFDDFF93FDA7588E503CDC22" box="[534,613,1523,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[229,1359,179,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–H. Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype.A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, anterior aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, head and mesosoma, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, wings; G, head and mesosoma, full sight on scutellum; H, propodeum and metasoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7223793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
); scutellar sulcus with one strong medio-longitudinal carinae and 2–4 weak carinae laterally (but
<specimenCount id="9D71FD16FFDDFF93FED25B6C53BEDC0C" box="[355,487,1553,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
[H20038] with one medio-longitudinal carina,);
<collectingCountry id="F360760FFFDDFF93FC0D5B6C5648DC0C" box="[956,1041,1553,1575]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Thailand</collectingCountry>
....
<taxonomicName id="4C774D1CFFDDFF93FBF75B6D571FDC0D" authority="Yao" authorityName="Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[1094,1350,1552,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenospila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signator" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FBF75B6D5741DC0D" bold="true" box="[1094,1304,1552,1574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">Phaenospila signator</emphasis>
Yao
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B903EA8DFFDDFF93FAE15B6C57C5DC0D" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1553,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057F6FFDDFF93FAE15B6C57C1DC0D" box="[1360,1432,1553,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="471" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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