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<mods:title id="387A39D67AE25EF47F80D63815CB8988">Native species Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 (Nematoda: Cosmocercoidea) found in the invasive marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9C9B0F28673EFF5FFDE4FDEED59E" authority="Mawson, 1972" authorityName="Mawson" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,581,639,663]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cosmocercidae" genus="Maxvachonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="chabaudi">
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<emphasis id="B90A3B0A0F28673EFF5FFDE4FE30D59E" bold="true" box="[151,411,639,663]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Maxvachonia chabaudi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF9AE90F28673EFE6AFDE4FDEED59E" author="MAWSON P. M." box="[418,581,639,663]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="101 - 108" refId="ref4790" refString="MAWSON P. M. 1972: The nematode genus Maxvachonia (Oxyurata: Cosmocercidae) in Australian reptiles and frogs. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 96: 101 - 108." type="journal article" year="1972">Mawson, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD50FDE4FD57D59E" box="[664,764,639,663]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox-0="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetBox-1="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetBox-2="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
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Small, whitish nematodes. Body cylindrical, maximum width at about region of mid-body. Cuticle with fine transverse striations. Somatic papillae absent. Cephalic end rounded. Oral aperture simple, somewhat triangular, surrounded by 3 small lips, each with inner flanges (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD19FC84FF12D45E" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFF0FFCA4FF40D45E" box="[199,235,831,855]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3D</figureCitation>
). Dorsal lip with 1 pair of large double cephalic papillae, subventral lips with single large double cephalic papilla and amphid (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFEB2FCE4FE71D49E" box="[378,474,895,919]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE20FCE4FDA7D49E" box="[488,524,895,919]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3D</figureCitation>
). Buccal capsule short, with three small teeth-like projections at base (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD6CFC04FD52D4BE" box="[676,761,927,951]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
). Oesophagus divided into anterior indistinct pharynx, cylindrical corpus, narrow isthmus and terminal posterior bulb with valves (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFEEAFC64FE32D31E" box="[290,409,1023,1047]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1AD</figureCitation>
). Lateral alae only present in male (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFF57FB84FF5CD33E" box="[159,247,1055,1079]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Nerve ring located at about 1/31/2 of oesoph- ageal length. Excretory pore discoid, situated at anterior to oesophageal bulb (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE49FBC4FDA8D37E" box="[385,515,1119,1143]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1AD</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFDD8FBC4FDE7D37E" box="[528,588,1119,1143]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3A,B</figureCitation>
). Deirids not observed. Tail of both sexes conical, with pointed tip (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD19FBE4FF4DD3BE" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1F,K,L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFF3AFB04FE86D3BE" box="[242,301,1183,1207]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2C,H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFEF0FB04FEDBD3BE" box="[312,368,1183,1207]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3F,G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C364B4930F28673EFF7DFB24FAD9D4D9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFF7DFB24FD1CD0BE" blockId="3.[150,776,671,2071]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B90A3B0A0F28673EFF7DFB24FF44D3DE" bold="true" box="[181,239,1215,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male</emphasis>
(based on two mature specimens): Body
<quantity id="4C864AFD0F28673EFD52FB24FF6BD3FE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.155" metricValueMax="2.24" metricValueMin="2.07" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="2.155" valueMax="2.24" valueMin="2.07">2.072.24 mm</quantity>
long; maximum width 140220. Entire oesophagus 261338 long (including posterior oesophageal bulb), representing 1315% of body length; pharynx + corpus + isthmus 213280 long, size of oesophageal bulb 4858 × 5372. Nerve ring 113138 and excretory pore 208256 respectively, from anterior extremity. Lateral alae narrow, extending from level of excretory pore to anterior of second precloacal papillae (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE50FA24FE45D2DE" box="[408,494,1471,1495]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE30FA24FDE4D2DE" box="[504,591,1471,1495]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2A,C,G</figureCitation>
). Posterior end of body distinctly ventrally curved (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE30FA44FDFBD2FE" box="[504,592,1503,1527]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD94FA44FD33D2FE" box="[604,664,1503,1527]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2C,G</figureCitation>
). Spicules slender, equal in length, distal end pointed, 88122 long, representing 4.35.4% of body length (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD9EF984FD6ED13E" box="[598,709,1567,1591]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1F,G</figureCitation>
). Gu- bernaculum robust, well-sclerotised, with remarkable lateral processes near the proximal end, slightly longer than spicules, 109146 long (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE6FF9E4FDB0D19E" box="[423,539,1663,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1F,G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFDE2F9E4FDE2D19E" box="[554,585,1663,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2F</figureCitation>
). Caudal papillae 15 pairs in total, arranged as follows: 6 pairs precloacal (first pair lateral, far from others), 3 pairs paracloacal (2 pairs ventral, close to cloaca; 1 pair ventrolateral, far from cloaca) and 6 pairs postcloacal (4 pairs ventrolateral and 2 pairs dorsolateral (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFEA8F884FE12D03E" box="[352,441,1823,1847]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE0EF884FDA1D03E" box="[454,522,1823,1847]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2CH</figureCitation>
). Single precloacal medio-ventral papilla present (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFE02F8A4FDB4D05E" box="[458,543,1855,1879]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Tail 150200 long, representing 7.28.9% body length (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFDEAF8C4FDD7D07E" box="[546,636,1887,1911]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD41F8C4FD68D07E" box="[649,707,1887,1911]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2C,H</figureCitation>
). One pair of small phasmids located at about posterior 1/3 of tail (near third pair of postcloacal papillae) (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFD8DF804FD01D0BE" box="[581,682,1951,1975]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[151,186,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,195,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[170,1417,189,1803]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) inAustralia, male.A anterior part of body (lateral ala arrowed), lateral view; B cephalic end (amphid arrowed), apical view; C, G posterior end of different individuals (white arrows showing precloacal papillae, black arrow showing lateral ala), lateral view; D magnified image of precloacal papilla; E magnified image of postcloacal papilla; F magnified image of cloacal region (white arrow showing precloacal medio-ventral papilla, black arrows showing paracloacal papillae); H tail (white arrows showing postcloacal papillae, black arrow showing phasmid), lateral view; I magnified image of phasmid. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; g tip of gubernaculum; i inner flange of lips; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143688/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2H,I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFF7DF824FCACDF1E" blockId="3.[150,776,671,2071]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B90A3B0A0F28673EFF7DF824FEA3D0DE" bold="true" box="[181,264,1983,2007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Female</emphasis>
(based on 33 mature specimens): Body
<quantity id="4C864AFD0F28673EFF5FF844FE99D0FE" box="[151,306,2015,2039]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" metricValueMax="1.46" metricValueMin="0.72" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="10.9" valueMax="14.6" valueMin="7.2">7.2014.6 mm</quantity>
long; maximum width 180400. Entire oesophagus 435676 long (including posterior oesophageal
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFCE5FF24FADDD51E" blockId="3.[813,1438,191,535]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
bulb), representing 3.68.4% of body length; pharynx + corpus + isthmus 362580 long, size of bulb 72111 × 72111. Nerve ring 163300 and excretory pore 314483 respectively, from anterior extremity. Lateral alae absent. Vulva transverse slit, vulval lips not protruded, 411652 from anterior extremity, at 3.87.3% of body length (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFAAFFEC4FCC4D69E" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1AC</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFCB5FEE4FC12D69E" box="[893,953,383,407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3A,C</figureCitation>
). Egg oval, thin-walled, with a small nipple at one side, 5080 × 3858 (n = 66) (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFB75FE04FA9FD6BE" box="[1213,1332,415,439]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1HJ</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFAF7FE04FACBD6BE" box="[1343,1376,415,439]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3E</figureCitation>
). Tail
<quantity id="4C864AFD0F28673EFCE5FE24FC6DD6DE" box="[813,966,447,471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="2.575" valueMax="3.65" valueMin="1.5">1.503.65 mm</quantity>
long, representing 20.330.3% body length; tip of tail finger-like, covered with numerous nodular pro- tuberances (
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFC65FE64FB88D51E" box="[941,1059,511,535]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[151,186,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,204,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@1.[258,1329,189,1887]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia. AC anterior part of female (showing variable position of vulva in different individuals), lateral view; D anterior part of male, lateral view; E magnified image of cephalic end, lateral view; F posterior end of male, lateral view; G gubernaculum and spicules,lateral view; HJ different developmental stages of eggs; K tail tip of female; L posterior end of female, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143686/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1L,K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1345FB9D0F28673EFBE6FE64FBCDD51E" box="[1070,1126,511,535]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,186,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[157,1424,195,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,189,1480]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Maxvachonia chabaudi Mawson, 1972 from the marine toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus) (Anura: Bufonidae) in Australia, female.A anterior part of body (excretory pore and vulva arrowed), ventral view; B magnified im- age of excretory pore; C magnified image of vulva; D cephalic end (amphids arrowed), apical view; E egg (small nipple arrowed); F tail, lateral view; G magnified image of tail tip. Abbreviations: d dorsal lip; v ventrolateral lip." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8143690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8143690/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3F,G</figureCitation>
). Phasmids not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFCE5FDB5FC25D568" blockId="3.[813,1437,557,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
H o s t: Marine toad
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9C9B0F28673EFC35FDB6FAA0D54A" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1021,1291,557,579]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="B90A3B0A0F28673EFC35FDB6FB30D54A" box="[1021,1179,557,579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rhinella marina</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9C9B0F28673EFAD1FDB5FAF1D54A" box="[1305,1370,558,579]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Anura</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9C9B0F28673EFAACFDB6FC28D568" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bufonidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFCE5FDF7FBC7D41D" blockId="3.[813,1437,557,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="3B16ED450F28673EFCE5FDF7FCDCD5B4" latitude="-17.018612" location="Queensland" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="143.47" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
L o c a l i t i e s: Cape Weymouth (
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A81DF0F28673EFACCFDF7FA39D58B" box="[1284,1426,620,642]" degrees="143.43194444" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="143.43195">143.43194444</geoCoordinate>
), Mareeba (
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A81DF0F28673EFC7AFD12FB92D596" box="[946,1081,649,671]" degrees="17.01861111" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="-17.018612">-17.01861111</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A81DF0F28673EFB82FD12FB73D596" box="[1098,1240,649,671]" degrees="143.47000000" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="143.47">143.47000000</geoCoordinate>
), northern
<collectingRegion id="49BA29FA0F28673EFA84FD12FCDCD5B4" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Queensland</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B16ED450F28673EFC43FD3CFC14D5FE" latitude="-19.384722" location="Queensland" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="146.9625" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
rural areas surrounding Townsville (
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,
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and
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A81DF0F28673EFBC7FD5FFB3CD5D0" box="[1039,1175,708,729]" degrees="19.38472222" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="-19.384722">-19.38472222</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A81DF0F28673EFB6FFD5FFA9ED5D3" box="[1191,1333,708,730]" degrees="146.96250000" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="146.9625">146.96250000</geoCoordinate>
), northern
<collectingRegion id="49BA29FA0F28673EFC83FD7AFC14D5FE" box="[843,959,737,759]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Queensland</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B16ED450F28673EFC18FD79FBCDD41C" country="Australia" latitude="-23.93" location="Boyne Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="151.34778" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="8EA1B1C30F28673EFC18FD79FBFCD5FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D7560E0F28673EFF5FFDE4FAD9D4D9:8EA1B1C30F28673EFC18FD79FBFCD5FE" box="[976,1111,737,759]" country="Australia" latitude="-23.93" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="151.34778" name="Boyne Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Queensland">Boyne Island</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A81DF0F28673EFBA2FD7AFB5FD5FF" box="[1130,1268,737,758]" degrees="23.93000000" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="-23.93">-23.93000000</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A81DF0F28673EFACCFD7AFA39D5FE" box="[1284,1426,737,759]" degrees="151.34777778" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="151.34778">151.34777778</geoCoordinate>
), central
<collectingRegion id="49BA29FA0F28673EFC5AFD64FBADD41C" box="[914,1030,767,789]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Queensland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F369A7880F28673EFBC6FD64FBCDD41C" box="[1038,1126,767,789]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Australia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFCE5FCBBFB8CD479" blockId="3.[813,1437,557,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
R a t e o f i n f e c t i o n: prevalence 5.1% (33 out of 643 of
<taxonomicName id="4C7E9C9B0F28673EFC83FCA5FC00D45A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[843,939,830,851]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="B90A3B0A0F28673EFC83FCA5FC00D45A" box="[843,939,830,851]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R. marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens were infected), with an intensity of 19 (mean 2.7) nematodes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFCE5FCE7FB28D498" blockId="3.[813,1437,557,976]" box="[813,1155,891,913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S i t e o f i n f e c t i o n: intestine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1E7180F28673EFCE5FC06FAD9D4D9" blockId="3.[813,1437,557,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Vo u c h e r s p e c i m e n s d e p o s i t e d:
<specimenCount id="9D782C910F28673EFB14FC06FA92D4BA" box="[1244,1337,925,947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
(HBNU N-2021A005NL),
<specimenCount id="9D782C910F28673EFC35FC21FBCDD4D9" box="[1021,1126,954,976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">33 females</specimenCount>
(HBNUN-2021A006NL).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>