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<mods:title id="4548B244A0AED825C4C0F76D9A6A83B7">Taxonomic revision of the Phanaeus endymion species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with the descriptions of five new species</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFDA14451BC703C4F" bold="true" box="[521,770,1626,1653]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFCA14451BCB33C4E" author="Balthasar V." box="[777,961,1626,1652]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="238 - 247" refId="ref36059" refString="Balthasar V. 1939. Neue Phanaeus - Arten. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica 9: 238 - 247." type="journal article" year="1939">Balthasar, 1939</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE2FFDDFDDC4476BDBB3CAD" box="[628,713,1661,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[334,1251,265,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-153@8.[333,1254,265,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 1. Endophallite copulatrix of the Phanaeus endymion species group (except for P. arletteae Arnaud, 2018). A. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). B. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). C. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (IEXA). D. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). E. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). F. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (TAMU). G. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). H. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). I. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). J. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). K. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). L. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). M. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). N. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887 (VMC).O. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU).P. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC). Q. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836748/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 1J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE2FFDDFD7F4476BD843CAD" box="[727,758,1661,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE2FFDDFCAA4476BC603CAD" box="[770,786,1661,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE2FFDDFCB74476BC4C3CAD" box="[799,830,1661,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[191,234,1247,1273]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,268,1195]" captionTargetId="figure-243@54.[189,1396,265,1198]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 17. Distribution of the Phanaeus endymion species group in South America. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2001 was reported from Colombia without accurate locality. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 was modified from Arnaud (2018)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">17</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE2FFDDFCE34476BCF23CAD" box="[843,896,1661,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="55.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[258,1329,264,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-157@55.[258,1329,264,1646]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Fig. 18. Pronotum of females within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 (modified from Arnaud 2018). B. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta).C. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. D. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). E. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863. F. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. G. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta).H. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). I. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. J. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002. K. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. L. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. M. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. N. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. O. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887. P. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. Q. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006. R. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836802/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">18K</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE2FFDDFC254476BCB23CAD" box="[909,960,1661,1687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="56.[189,231,1678,1704]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,265,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-158@56.[306,1282,265,1646]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="Fig. 19. Elytral integument of species within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 (modified from Arnaud 2018). B. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). C. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. D. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). E. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863. F. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. G. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). H. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). I. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. J. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002.K. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. L. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. M. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. N. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. O. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887. P. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. Q. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006. R. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836804/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">19K</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFF1544B6BDD93CE2" ID-CoL="856BJ" authority="Olsoufieff, 1924: 92" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityPageNumber="92" authorityYear="1924" box="[189,683,1725,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFF1544B6BECA3CED" box="[189,440,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus blanchardi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFE1744B6BDD93CE2" author="Olsoufieff G. d'" box="[447,683,1725,1752]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref41334" refString="Olsoufieff G. d'. 1924. Les Phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta, Revue illustree d'Entomologique 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff, 1924: 92</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFD4144B5BCF43CED" box="[745,902,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. blanchardi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFC2544B6BB153CE2" author="Harold E." box="[909,1127,1725,1752]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="113 - 119" refId="ref38997" refString="Harold E. 1871. Berichtigungen und Zusatze zum Catalogus Coleopterorum synonymicus et systematicus. Coleopterologische Hefte 7: 113 - 119." type="journal article" year="1871">Harold, 1871: 114</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE2FFDDFF1544EBBDD93CC0" box="[189,683,1760,1786]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFF1544EBBDDA3CC0" author="Balthasar V." box="[189,680,1760,1786]" page="242" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1939">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFF1544EBBDDA3CC0" ID-CoL="874GF" authority="Balthasar, 1939: 242" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityPageNumber="242" authorityYear="1939" box="[189,680,1760,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFF1544EBBED83CC0" box="[189,426,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFE1944EBBDDA3CC0" author="Balthasar V." box="[433,680,1760,1786]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="238 - 247" refId="ref36059" refString="Balthasar V. 1939. Neue Phanaeus - Arten. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica 9: 238 - 247." type="journal article" year="1939">Balthasar, 1939: 242</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE2FFDDFF154508BDCA3D27" box="[189,696,1795,1821]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFF154508BDC73D27" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[189,693,1795,1821]" page="209" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1944">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFF154508BDC73D27" ID-CoL="856BK" authority="Blackwelder, 1944: 209" authorityName="Blackwelder" authorityPageNumber="209" authorityYear="1944" box="[189,693,1795,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bothrus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFF154508BEE03D27" box="[189,402,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus bothrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFE314508BDC73D27" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[409,693,1795,1821]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 1492" refId="ref36166" refString="Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 135502 # page / 7 / mode / 1 up [accessed Jun. 2020]. Blackwelder R. E. 1944 - 1957. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central American, the West Indies, and South America. Parts 1 - 6. United States National Museum, Bulletin 185: 1 - 1492. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.927" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder, 1944: 209</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE2FFDDFF154548BBAA3DD3" blockId="28.[189,1398,1859,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE2FFDDFF154548BBAA3DD3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFF154548BD353D67" ID-CoL="856BJ" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1871" box="[189,583,1859,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi" subGenus="Phanaeus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFF154548BE433D67" box="[189,305,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFEEA4548BEC43D67" box="[322,438,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFE6F4548BD353D67" box="[455,583,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">blanchardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFDCC4548BCC63D67" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[612,948,1859,1885]" page="68" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFDCC4548BCC63D67" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[612,948,1859,1885]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="53 - 69" refId="ref40118" refString="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Notas escarabeidologicas III (Col. Scarabaeidae-Scarabaeinae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 29: 53 - 69." type="journal article" year="1967">Martínez &amp; Pereira 1967: 68</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFBD0454FBB8B3D67" ID-CoL="874G8" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1144,1273,1859,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funereus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFBD0454FBB8B3D67" box="[1144,1273,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. funereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFF15456DBD4B3DBA" ID-CoL="874GF" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[189,569,1894,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi" subGenus="Phanaeus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFF15456DBE433DBA" box="[189,305,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFEEA456DBEC43DBA" box="[322,438,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFE6F456DBD4B3DBA" box="[455,569,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFDFE456DBCD53DBA" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[598,935,1894,1920]" page="68" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFDFE456DBCD53DBA" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[598,935,1894,1920]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="53 - 69" refId="ref40118" refString="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Notas escarabeidologicas III (Col. Scarabaeidae-Scarabaeinae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 29: 53 - 69." type="journal article" year="1967">Martínez &amp; Pereira 1967: 68</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFBC3456CBB9E3DBA" ID-CoL="874G8" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1131,1260,1894,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funereus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFBC3456CBB9E3DBA" box="[1131,1260,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. funereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFF154583BEE03D98" ID-CoL="856BK" authorityName="Blackwelder" authorityYear="1944" box="[189,402,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bothrus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFF154583BEE03D98" box="[189,402,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phanaeus bothrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFE064583BD8F3D98" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[430,765,1928,1954]" page="68" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFE064583BD8F3D98" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[430,765,1928,1954]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="53 - 69" refId="ref40118" refString="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Notas escarabeidologicas III (Col. Scarabaeidae-Scarabaeinae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 29: 53 - 69." type="journal article" year="1967">Martínez &amp; Pereira 1967: 68</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFC174582BB323D98" ID-CoL="874G8" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[959,1088,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funereus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFC174582BB323D98" box="[959,1088,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. funereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFBD54583BA3E3D98" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[1149,1356,1928,1954]" page="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFBD54583BA3E3D98" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[1149,1356,1928,1954]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref37487" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus Macleay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 443: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994: 8</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 45 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFE0C45A7BD7A3DFF" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[420,520,1964,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFE0C45A7BD7A3DFF" box="[420,520,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFDEB45A0BB053DFF" box="[579,1143,1963,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFDEB45A0BC653DFF" author="Arnaud P." box="[579,791,1963,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref35859" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 97</bibRefCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFC7045A7BB143DFF" ID-CoL="874GF" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[984,1126,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFC7045A7BB143DFF" box="[984,1126,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitation>
— 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFB0A45A0BD6F3DD3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFB0A45A0BA043DFC" author="Krajcik M." box="[1186,1398,1963,1990]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 189" refId="ref39668" refString="Krajcik M. 2006. Checklist of Scarabaeoidea of the World. 1. Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Animma. X. Suplement 3: 1 - 189." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik 2006: 152</bibRefCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFE0F45C4BD793DD2" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[423,523,1999,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFE0F45C4BD793DD2" box="[423,523,1999,2024]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitation>
— 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE2FFDDFDE145C5BBAA3DD3" box="[585,1240,1998,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE2FFDDFDE145C5BCF13DD2" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[585,899,1998,2024]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref37762" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus Macleay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012: 3</bibRefCitation>
, 5 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE2FFDDFBCA45C4BBB53DD2" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[1122,1223,1999,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE2FFDDFBCA45C4BBB53DD2" box="[1122,1223,1999,2024]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF154302BE813B8A" blockId="29.[189,1399,265,608]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE3FFDCFF154302BE813B8A" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFF154302BEC93B19" ID-CoL="856BJ" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1871" box="[189,443,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF154302BEC93B19" box="[189,443,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus blanchardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFE754302BC313B1E" author="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[477,835,265,292]" page="575" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFE754302BC313B1E" author="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[477,835,265,292]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="533 - 603" refId="ref42755" refString="Vulcano M. A. &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao Amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera). Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica 5: 533 - 603." type="journal article" year="1967">Vulcano &amp; Pereira 1967: 575</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFCD04302BBA63B19" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[888,1236,265,291]" page="68" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFCD04302BBA63B19" author="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S." box="[888,1236,265,291]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="53 - 69" refId="ref40118" refString="Martinez A &amp; Pereira F. S. 1967. Notas escarabeidologicas III (Col. Scarabaeidae-Scarabaeinae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 29: 53 - 69." type="journal article" year="1967">Martínez &amp; Pereira 1967: 68</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFEA44326BEFC3B7C" ID-CoL="874G8" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[268,398,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funereus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEA44326BEFC3B7C" box="[268,398,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. funereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFE674327BDB33B7C" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[463,705,300,326]" page="830" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFE674327BDB33B7C" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[463,705,300,326]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="731 - 874" refId="ref37422" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1972. Comparative skeletal morphology, systematics and evolution of the Phanaeine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 49: 731 - 874." type="journal article" year="1972">Edmonds 1972: 830</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 256; 1994: 3, 8, 45–46 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFB704326BA4D3B7C" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[1240,1343,301,326]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFB704326BA4D3B7C" box="[1240,1343,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFF444344BEB33B53" author="Arnaud P." box="[236,449,335,361]" page="116" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFF444344BEB33B53" author="Arnaud P." box="[236,449,335,361]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="113 - 118" refId="ref35745" refString="Arnaud P. 1982. Liste des types de Phanaeini du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle de Paris [Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae]. Revue francaise d'Entomologie (N. S.) 4: 113 - 118." type="journal article" year="1982">Arnaud 1982: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFD2B435BBC763B53" ID-CoL="874G8" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[643,772,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funereus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFD2B435BBC763B53" box="[643,772,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. funereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFCE94344BB653B50" author="Krajcik M." box="[833,1047,335,362]" page="152" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFCE94344BB653B50" author="Krajcik M." box="[833,1047,335,362]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 189" refId="ref39668" refString="Krajcik M. 2006. Checklist of Scarabaeoidea of the World. 1. Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Animma. X. Suplement 3: 1 - 189." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik 2006: 152</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFB73435BBA323B53" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[1243,1344,336,361]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFB73435BBA323B53" box="[1243,1344,336,361]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFF424379BD5C3BB7" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[234,558,370,397]" page="5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFF424379BD5C3BB7" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[234,558,370,397]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref37762" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus Macleay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012: 5</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 13 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFC824378BCFD3BB6" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[810,911,371,396]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFC824378BCFD3BB6" box="[810,911,371,396]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFC784379BA383BB7" author="Chamorro W. &amp; Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Asenjo A." box="[976,1354,370,397]" page="220" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFC784379BA383BB7" author="Chamorro W. &amp; Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Asenjo A." box="[976,1354,370,397]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref36626" refString="Chamorro W., Marin-Armijos D. &amp; Asenjo A. 2019. Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records. ZooKeys 826: 1 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 826.26488" type="journal article" year="2019">
Chamorro 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFBFB4378BBF53BB6" box="[1107,1159,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. 2019: 220–221
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFED5439DBE903B95" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[381,482,406,431]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFED5439DBE903B95" box="[381,482,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF1543B2BE123820" blockId="29.[189,1399,265,608]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE3FFDCFF1543B2BE123820" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFF1543B2BEDE3BE9" ID-CoL="874GF" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[189,428,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF1543B2BEDE3BE9" box="[189,428,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFE6643B2BDD13BE9" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[462,675,441,467]" page="8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFE6643B2BDD13BE9" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[462,675,441,467]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref37487" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus Macleay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 443: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994: 8</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 45–46 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFC6243B1BB5D3BE9" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[970,1071,442,467]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFC6243B1BB5D3BE9" box="[970,1071,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFBC743B2BA3E3BE9" author="Arnaud P." box="[1135,1356,441,467]" page="96" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFBC743B2BA3E3BE9" author="Arnaud P." box="[1135,1356,441,467]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref35859" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 96</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFF4543D7BEB43BCD" author="Krajcik M." box="[237,454,476,503]" page="152" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFF4543D7BEB43BCD" author="Krajcik M." box="[237,454,476,503]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 189" refId="ref39668" refString="Krajcik M. 2006. Checklist of Scarabaeoidea of the World. 1. Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Animma. X. Suplement 3: 1 - 189." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik 2006: 152</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFD3943D6BD843BCC" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[657,758,477,502]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFD3943D6BD843BCC" box="[657,758,477,502]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFC9F43D7BB0B3BCC" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[823,1145,476,502]" page="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFC9F43D7BB0B3BCC" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[823,1145,476,502]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref37762" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus Macleay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012: 3</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 5–6 (as synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFF44400BBE3D3823" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[236,335,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF44400BBE3D3823" box="[236,335,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF154029BCCD3806" blockId="29.[189,1399,265,608]" box="[189,959,546,573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE3FFDCFF154029BCCD3806" box="[189,959,546,573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFF154029BDB43806" ID-CoL="874GF" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" box="[189,710,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyrois" subGenus="Notiophanaeus" subSpecies="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF154029BE433806" box="[189,305,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEEA4029BE863806" box="[322,500,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Notiophanaeus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFDAC4028BDB43806" box="[516,710,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">pyrois olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFD4A4029BCC93806" author="Arnaud P." box="[738,955,546,572]" page="96" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFD4A4029BCC93806" author="Arnaud P." box="[738,955,546,572]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref35859" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 96</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF15404EBB7A3865" blockId="29.[189,1399,265,608]" box="[189,1032,581,608]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE3FFDCFF15404EBB7A3865" box="[189,1032,581,608]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFF15404EBE883865" ID-CoL="874GF" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" box="[189,506,581,607]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyrois" subSpecies="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF15404EBE883865" box="[189,506,581,607]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus pyrois olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFDBD404EBD9C385A" author="Arnaud P." box="[533,750,581,608]" page="98" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFDBD404EBD9C385A" author="Arnaud P." box="[533,750,581,608]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref35859" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b: 98</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFD52404DBC27385A" author="Arnaud P." box="[762,853,582,608]" page="4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFD52404DBC27385A" author="Arnaud P." box="[762,853,582,608]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="3 - 7" refId="ref35890" refString="Arnaud P. 2018. Description d'une nouvelle espece de Phanaeus d'Equateur et revalidation de l'espece Coprophanaeus (C.) edmondsi Arnaud (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Besoiro 26: 3 - 7." type="journal article" year="2018">2018: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 1, figs d–e.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF154083BC1D38FC" blockId="29.[189,1398,647,710]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311CAFFE3FFDCFF154083BC1D38FC" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Non 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFF5F408CBEC9389B" ID-CoL="4FSJX" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds &amp; Zidek" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[247,443,647,673]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF5F408CBEC9389B" box="[247,443,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(error). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFDEB408CBC2C389B" author="Medina C. A. &amp; Lopera A. &amp; Vitolo. A. &amp; Gill B." box="[579,862,647,674]" page="140" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFDEB408CBC2C389B" author="Medina C. A. &amp; Lopera A. &amp; Vitolo. A. &amp; Gill B." box="[579,862,647,674]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref40362" refString="Medina C. A., Lopera A., Vitolo. A. &amp; Gill B. 2001. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2: 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="2001">
Medina 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFD0D4083BDAA389B" box="[677,728,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. 2001: 140
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210F5FFE3FFDCFC524083BA043898" author="Moctezuma V. &amp; Halffter G." box="[1018,1398,647,674]" page="55" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFC524083BA043898" author="Moctezuma V. &amp; Halffter G." box="[1018,1398,647,674]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="47 - 56" refId="ref40548" refString="Moctezuma V. &amp; Halffter G. 2017. A new species of Phanaeus Macleay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Los Chimalapas, Oaxaca, Mexico. The Coleopterists Bulletin 71: 47 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1649 / 0010 - 065 X- 71.1.47" type="journal article" year="2017">Moctezuma &amp; Halffter 2017: 55</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part). — Moctezuma 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFDA740A7BD3038FF" box="[527,578,683,709]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 114, 130 (in part).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFE3FFDCFF1540E7BF833E32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF1540E7BE44393C" blockId="29.[189,310,748,774]" box="[189,310,748,774]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D0948188FFE3FFDCFF1540E7BE44393C" bold="true" box="[189,310,748,774]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF1540E7BE44393C" bold="true" box="[189,310,748,774]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF154110BF833E32" blockId="29.[188,1399,795,1032]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
This is the largest species within the 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFD204117BC69390F" authorityName="Harold. Ex-Mus" authorityYear="1863" box="[648,795,795,821]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFD204117BC69390F" box="[648,795,795,821]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. endymion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group, frequently attaining 
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE3FFDCFB7A4110BA27390F" box="[1234,1365,795,821]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="21.0">21–24 mm</quantity>
in length. 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFEBE4135BD713962" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[278,515,830,856]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEBE4135BD713962" box="[278,515,830,856]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed by the black colour with bright metallic red-green sheen; and elytral striae not strongly impressed basally (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE3FFDCFD7F416ABC523941" box="[727,800,865,891]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). This species is easily separated from the closely related 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFEBC418EBEC939A4" authority="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2021" authorityName="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter" authorityYear="2021" box="[276,443,901,926]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEBC418EBEC939A4" box="[276,443,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224578DFFE3FFDCFE69418EBD6E39A5" box="[449,540,901,927]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the larger body size and endophallite copulatrix (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE3FFDCFB29418FBBB439A5" box="[1153,1222,900,927]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[334,1251,265,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-153@8.[333,1254,265,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 1. Endophallite copulatrix of the Phanaeus endymion species group (except for P. arletteae Arnaud, 2018). A. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). B. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). C. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (IEXA). D. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). E. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). F. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (TAMU). G. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). H. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). I. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). J. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). K. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). L. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). M. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). N. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887 (VMC).O. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU).P. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC). Q. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836748/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Additionally, the major males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFE3741A3BD5F39F8" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[415,557,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFE3741A3BD5F39F8" box="[415,557,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are diagnosed by the distinctly developed keel in the middle of anterior pronotal margin; and posterolateral angles rounded, strongly developed, and projected laterally (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE3FFDCFAB041C0BA0039DF" box="[1304,1394,971,997]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE3FFDCFF1441E5BF913E32" box="[188,227,1006,1032]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFE3FFDFFF154624BE8D385D" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF154624BC243E70" blockId="29.[189,854,1071,1098]" box="[189,854,1071,1098]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF154624BE1E3E73" bold="true" box="[189,364,1071,1097]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type material</emphasis>
(studied from photographs, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFD114624BD8F3E70" box="[697,765,1071,1098]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFCA14624BC3B3E70" box="[777,841,1071,1098]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF424655BE143E42" blockId="29.[187,1400,1118,1285]" box="[234,358,1118,1144]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF424655BE143E42" bold="true" box="[234,358,1118,1144]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFE3FFDCFF424655BE143E42" box="[234,358,1118,1144]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF15468ABCF93F3F" blockId="29.[187,1400,1118,1285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFF15468ABCF93F3F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980336" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Coll R. Oberthur" country="Colombia" determinerName="G. Olsufiew." location="Valle del Cauca" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="MNHN EC10566" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFE3FFDCFF15468ABE2A3EA1" box="[189,344,1153,1179]" name="Colombia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEC7468ABD5F3EA1" bold="true" box="[367,557,1153,1179]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE3FFDCFEC7468ABD5F3EA1" box="[367,557,1153,1179]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFDEC4689BD2E3EA6" box="[580,604,1154,1180]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFDCD468ABC473EA1" author="Arnaud P." box="[613,821,1153,1179]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="113 - 118" refId="ref35745" refString="Arnaud P. 1982. Liste des types de Phanaeini du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle de Paris [Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae]. Revue francaise d'Entomologie (N. S.) 4: 113 - 118." type="journal article" year="1982">Arnaud 1982: 116</bibRefCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE3FFDCFCEB468ABCEF3EA1" box="[835,925,1153,1179]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
); “M. de Mathan 1898 / 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFB06468ABE763E84" authority="♂ Olsuf." authorityName="Olsuf." class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFB06468ABA2E3EA1" box="[1198,1372,1153,1179]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ph. blanchardi</emphasis>
♂ Olsuf.
</taxonomicName>
det. 
<determinerName id="7E00DA20FFE3FFDCFEC546AFBD6B3E84" box="[365,537,1188,1214]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">G. Olsufiew.</determinerName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFD8246AFBC893E84" authority="Muzo 1928" authorityName="Muzo" authorityYear="1928" box="[554,1019,1188,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apollinaris">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFD8246AFBC4C3E84" box="[554,830,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus apollinaris</emphasis>
Muzo 1928
</taxonomicName>
/ Muséum Paris 1952 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFAEC46AFBE383EDB" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Coll R. Oberthur</collectorName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFEFD46C3BD5C3EDB" authority="Ols." authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[341,558,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEFD46C3BE813EDB" box="[341,499,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. blanchardi</emphasis>
Ols.
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFE3FFDCFD9E46CCBDAF3EDB" box="[566,733,1223,1249]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
♂ P. ARNAUD DET 1980/ Lectotype / 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFB1B46CCBD723F3E" authority="Bates, Det. W. D. Edmonds" authorityName="Bates, Det. W. D. Edmonds" authorityYear="1887" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFB1B46CCBA043EDB" box="[1203,1398,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus pyrois</emphasis>
Bates, Det. W. D. Edmonds
</taxonomicName>
’83 / 
<specimenCode id="DBC59E9FFFE3FFDCFD9646E0BC663F3F" box="[574,788,1258,1285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN EC10566</specimenCode>
”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFC8246E0BCFA3F3F" box="[810,904,1259,1285]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF424727BED03F7C" blockId="29.[189,1399,1324,1702]" box="[234,418,1324,1350]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF424727BED03F7C" bold="true" box="[234,418,1324,1350]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFE3FFDCFF424727BED03F7C" box="[234,418,1324,1350]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF154744BED83C9C" blockId="29.[189,1399,1324,1702]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFF154744BA5A3F95" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980528" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Coll. R. Oberthur" country="Colombia" determinerName="Det. W. D. Edmonds" location="Boyaca" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="MNHN EC10568" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Boyaca" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFE3FFDCFF154744BE2B3F53" box="[189,345,1359,1385]" name="Colombia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
– 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFE384744BEBF3F50" box="[400,461,1359,1386]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; “ExMus ӕo VAN LANSBERGE /Museum Paris ex. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFB264744BA053F53" box="[1166,1399,1359,1386]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Coll. R. Oberthur</collectorName>
/ PARALECTOTYPE/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFE6F4779BC513FB6" authority="Ols." authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[455,803,1394,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFE6F4779BDAB3FB6" box="[455,729,1394,1420]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus blanchardi</emphasis>
Ols.
</taxonomicName>
PARALECTOTYPE ♂ P. ARNAUD DET 1981/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFEAB479EBD613F8A" authority="Bates" authorityName="Bates, Det. W. D. Edmonds" authorityYear="1887" box="[259,531,1429,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEAB479EBEB83F95" box="[259,458,1429,1455]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus pyrois</emphasis>
Bates
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<determinerName id="7E00DA20FFE3FFDCFD8B479DBC653F95" box="[547,791,1429,1456]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Det. W. D. Edmonds</determinerName>
‘83”/ 
<specimenCode id="DBC59E9FFFE3FFDCFCCA479DBB453F8A" box="[866,1079,1429,1456]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN EC10568</specimenCode>
”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFBE7479DBBDF3F8A" box="[1103,1197,1430,1456]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN</collectionCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFB65479FBA5A3F95" bold="true" box="[1229,1320,1428,1455]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE3FFDCFB65479FBA5A3F95" box="[1229,1320,1428,1455]" country="Colombia" name="Boyaca" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Boyacá</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFAEA479EBB943FCC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980428" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Coll. E. Steinheil &amp; Coll. R. Oberthur" country="Colombia" location="Muzo" municipality="Muzo" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="MNHN EC10570" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Boyaca" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFAEA479EBA1D3F8A" box="[1346,1391,1429,1456]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB8AC9EFFE3FFDCFF6F47B2BE7C3FE9" box="[199,270,1465,1491]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Muzo</collectingMunicipality>
/ 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFEB647B3BEA93FE8" box="[286,475,1464,1491]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Coll.E.Steinheil</collectorName>
/MuseumParisex. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFD1A47B3BC013FE8" box="[690,883,1464,1491]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Coll.R.Oberthur</collectorName>
/ PARALECTOTYPE/ PARALECTOTYPE 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFF1547D7BC613FCC" authority="Olsoufieff, 1924" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[189,787,1500,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi" subGenus="Phanaeus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF1547D7BE433FCC" box="[189,305,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEEB47D7BEC53FCC" box="[323,439,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFE6147D7BD3B3FCC" box="[457,585,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">blanchardi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE3FFDCFDFA47D7BC613FCC" author="Olsoufieff G. d'" box="[594,787,1500,1526]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref41334" refString="Olsoufieff G. d'. 1924. Les Phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta, Revue illustree d'Entomologique 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<specimenCode id="DBC59E9FFFE3FFDCFC8A47D7BC883FCC" box="[802,1018,1499,1526]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN EC10570</specimenCode>
”; MNHN EC10570
</materialsCitation>
. – 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFAA247D7BEEF3C06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980351" collectingDate="1878-08" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="S. Francisco" country="Colombia" location="Valle del Cauca" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFAA247D7BE7C3C23" bold="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE3FFDCFAA247D7BE7C3C23" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFE8447F4BE2E3C23" box="[300,348,1535,1561]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<locationDeviation id="9A6E2FC6FFE3FFDCFED047F4BC0D3C23" box="[376,895,1535,1561]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Santa Rosa entre S. Francisco &amp; Carthago</locationDeviation>
. Eujenio Garzon 
<date id="FFDD1024FFE3FFDCFBFA47F4BBAA3C23" box="[1106,1240,1535,1561]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1878-08">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFE3FFDCFBFA47F4BBAA3C23" box="[1106,1240,1535,1561]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1878-08">Aout 1878</collectingDate>
</date>
”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFB5A47F4BA223C23" box="[1266,1360,1535,1561]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN</collectionCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF154429BEEF3C06" bold="true" box="[189,413,1570,1596]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Unknown locality</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFE164429BED43C9C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980588" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Coll. R. Oberthur" country="Colombia" county="Ex-mus" determinerName="G. Olsoufiew." location="Museum Paris" municipality="Sharp" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="MNHN EC10567" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFE164429BE9D3C07" box="[446,495,1570,1597]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “(Illegible data) / Ex-mus ӕo D. Sharp 1890/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFBB14429BA333C06" authority="♀ Olsuf." authorityName="Olsuf." box="[1049,1345,1570,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFBB14429BBBE3C06" box="[1049,1228,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ph. blanchardi</emphasis>
♀ Olsuf.
</taxonomicName>
det. 
<determinerName id="7E00DA20FFE3FFDCFF15444EBE133C65" box="[189,353,1605,1631]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">G. Olsoufiew.</determinerName>
/ Museum Paris ex 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFDEF444EBC653C65" box="[583,791,1605,1632]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Coll. R. Oberthur</collectorName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFC8E444EBB513C65" box="[806,1059,1605,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blanchardi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFC8E444EBB513C65" box="[806,1059,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus blanchardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♀’s. 
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFE3FFDCFBCD444EBA2A3C65" box="[1125,1368,1605,1631]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
♀ P. ARNAUD DET 1981/ PARALECTOTYPE / 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE3FFDCFD484463BB933CB8" authority="Bates Det. W. D. Edmonds" authorityName="Bates, Det. W. D. Edmonds" authorityYear="1887" box="[736,1249,1640,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFD484463BCD33CB8" box="[736,929,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phanaeus pyrois</emphasis>
Bates Det. W. D. Edmonds
</taxonomicName>
’83/ 
<specimenCode id="DBC59E9FFFE3FFDCFAB54462BE433C9C" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN EC10567</specimenCode>
”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFEE04487BED43C9C" box="[328,422,1676,1702]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MNHN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDCFF1544C6BDBC3CDD" blockId="29.[189,718,1741,1767]" box="[189,718,1741,1767]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFF1544C6BD703CDD" bold="true" box="[189,514,1741,1767]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Non-type material revised</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFDBA44C6BD143CDD" box="[530,614,1741,1767]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">24 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFDDB44C6BDB33CDD" box="[627,705,1741,1767]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">16 ♀♀</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE3FFDFFF1544F0BB9D3BB4" blockId="29.[189,1399,1786,2025]" lastBlockId="30.[189,1399,265,399]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFF1544F0BA153D2C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980342" box="[189,1383,1786,1814]" collectingDate="1992-11-03" collectingDateMax="1992-11-12" collectingDateMin="1992-11-03" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="L. C. Pardo" country="Colombia" location="Q. Taparal B. San Juan" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Choco">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFE3FFDCFF1544F0BE2A3D2F" box="[189,344,1787,1813]" name="Colombia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE3FFDCFEC544F1BECF3D2F" bold="true" box="[365,445,1786,1813]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE3FFDCFEC544F1BECF3D2F" box="[365,445,1786,1813]" country="Colombia" name="Choco" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chocó</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFE7B44F0BD673D2C" box="[467,533,1787,1814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFDB744F0BD3B3D2C" box="[543,585,1787,1814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFDF744F0BC123D2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFDF744F0BC123D2C" box="[607,864,1787,1814]" country="Colombia" name="Q. Taparal B. San Juan" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Choco">Q.Taparal B.San Juan</location>
. CNF. 
<date id="FFDD1024FFE3FFDCFC0344F7BB3E3D2F" box="[939,1100,1787,1814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1992-11-03" valueMax="1992-11-12" valueMin="1992-11-03">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFE3FFDCFC0344F7BB3E3D2F" box="[939,1100,1787,1814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1992-11-03" valueMax="1992-11-12" valueMin="1992-11-03">Nov 3–12–92</collectingDate>
</date>
. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFBFC44F0BBA33D2F" box="[1108,1233,1787,1813]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L.C. Pardo</collectorName>
leg”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFABB44F7BA153D2C" box="[1299,1383,1788,1814]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFF154514BA643D03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980367" box="[189,1302,1822,1849]" collectingDate="1925-11-01" collectionCode="IEXA" collectorName="Excrem. J. C. Neita" country="Colombia" elevation="53" latitude="5.6833334" location="Pacurita" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.666664" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="55" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFF154514BF993D03" box="[189,235,1823,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFF5F4514BE563D03" box="[247,292,1823,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFE954515BED13D02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFE954515BED13D02" box="[317,419,1822,1848]" country="Colombia" latitude="5.6833334" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.666664" name="Pacurita" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Choco">Pacurita</location>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFE064515BE983D03" box="[430,490,1822,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE3FFDCFE064515BE943D03" box="[430,486,1822,1849]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="53.0">53m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
<date id="FFDD1024FFE3FFDCFE594515BD173D03" box="[497,613,1822,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1925-11-01">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFE3FFDCFE594515BD173D03" box="[497,613,1822,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1925-11-01">25-XI-01.</collectingDate>
</date>
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFDC44515BDB43D03" box="[620,710,1822,1849]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="5.6833334">5°41’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFD7A4515BC4C3D02" box="[722,830,1822,1848]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-76.666664">76°40’W</geoCoordinate>
, bosque. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFC034514BBFB3D02" box="[939,1161,1822,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Excrem. J.C. Neita</collectorName>
col”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFB784514BA643D03" box="[1232,1302,1823,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">IEXA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFA854515BC5A3D66" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980508" collectingDate="1925-11-01" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Excrem. J. C. Neita" country="Colombia" elevation="53" latitude="5.6833334" location="Pacurita" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.666664" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFA854515BA033D03" box="[1325,1393,1822,1849]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFF15454ABE723D66" box="[189,256,1857,1884]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFD7C4549BC5A3D66" box="[724,808,1858,1884]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFCE94549BE623D45" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980534" collectingDate="1925-11-01" collectionCode="UVGC" collectorName="Excrem. J. C. Neita" country="Colombia" elevation="53" latitude="5.6833334" location="Pacurita" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.666664" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFCE94549BC023D66" box="[833,880,1858,1884]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFCD54549BCD83D66" box="[893,938,1858,1884]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFF15456EBE623D45" box="[189,272,1893,1919]" collectionName="Guatemala, Guatemala City, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Collecion de Artropodos" country="Guatemala" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/azap-ym2d" name="Collecion de Artropodos" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">UVGC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFE8F456EBC2C3D45" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980379" box="[295,862,1893,1919]" collectingDate="1925-11-01" collectionCode="VMC" collectorName="Excrem. J. C. Neita" country="Colombia" elevation="53" latitude="5.6833334" location="Pacurita" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.666664" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFE8F456EBE263D45" box="[295,340,1893,1919]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFCB3456EBC2C3D45" box="[795,862,1893,1919]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">VMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFCDC456EBD3C3D98" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980421" collectingDate="1926-11-01" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="J. C. Neita" country="Colombia" elevation="60" location="Tutunendo" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFCDC456EBCD23D45" box="[884,928,1893,1919]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFC1F456EBB493D45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFC1F456EBB493D45" box="[951,1083,1893,1919]" country="Colombia" name="Tutunendo" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Choco">Tutunendó</location>
, (
<locationDeviation id="9A6E2FC6FFE3FFDCFBE6456EBA5B3DBA" box="[1102,1321,1893,1920]" location="Quibdo" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE3FFDCFBE6456EBBEA3D45" box="[1102,1176,1893,1919]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
NE Quibdó
</locationDeviation>
), 
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE3FFDCFA93456EBA003D45" box="[1339,1394,1893,1919]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="60.0">
<elevation id="004ED1D7FFE3FFDCFA93456EBA003D45" box="[1339,1394,1893,1919]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="60.0">60m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFDD1024FFE3FFDCFF154583BE403D98" box="[189,306,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1926-11-01">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFE3FFDCFF154583BE403D98" box="[189,306,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1926-11-01">26-XI-01.</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFE924583BEC23D98" box="[314,432,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">J.C. Neita</collectorName>
col”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFE524583BD3C3D98" box="[506,590,1928,1954]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFDC14583BD7E3DFF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980363" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="J. C. Neita" country="Colombia" elevation="115" latitude="5.545833" location="Union Panamericana" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.74249" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="118" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFDC14583BDDF3D99" box="[617,685,1928,1955]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFD6F4583BCB63D98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFD6F4583BCB63D98" box="[711,964,1928,1954]" country="Colombia" latitude="5.545833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.74249" name="Union Panamericana" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Choco">Unión Panamericana</location>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFC794583BB683D99" box="[977,1050,1928,1955]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE3FFDCFC794583BB643D99" box="[977,1046,1928,1955]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="115.0">115m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFB8A4583BBEA3D99" box="[1058,1176,1928,1955]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" seconds="45" value="5.545833">5°32’45N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFB0E4583BA323D98" box="[1190,1344,1928,1954]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-76.74249">76°44’33’’W</geoCoordinate>
(No date) 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFF5645A0BE013DFF" box="[254,371,1963,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">J.C. Neita</collectorName>
col”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFE1045A0BD7E3DFF" box="[440,524,1963,1989]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFD8C45A0BEB03DD3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980459" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="J. C. Neita" country="Colombia" elevation="90" latitude="5.5" location="Lloro" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="-76.558334" municipality="Lloro" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="92" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFD8C45A0BD233DFC" box="[548,593,1963,1990]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFDF545A0BDFB3DFC" box="[605,649,1963,1990]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB8AC9EFFE3FFDCFD0A45A0BD9A3DFF" box="[674,744,1963,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Lloró</collectingMunicipality>
, (
<locationDeviation id="9A6E2FC6FFE3FFDCFD5445A0BCCC3DFC" box="[764,958,1963,1990]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">3k km S Quibdó</locationDeviation>
) 
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFC6545A0BB543DFC" box="[973,1062,1963,1990]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="5.5">5°30’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFB9A45A0BBC13DFC" box="[1074,1203,1963,1990]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="33.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="92" value="-76.558334">76°33.5’W</geoCoordinate>
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFB1245A0BB8E3DFC" box="[1210,1276,1963,1990]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE3FFDCFB1245A0BB8A3DFC" box="[1210,1272,1963,1990]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFAAB45A0BA053DFF" box="[1283,1399,1963,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">J.C. Neita</collectorName>
col (no date)”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFEC645C4BEB03DD3" box="[366,450,1999,2025]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE3FFDCFE7445C5BA163DD3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980467" box="[476,1380,1998,2025]" collectingDate="2020-02-03" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Olaya &amp; Mosquero" country="Colombia" elevation="90" latitude="5.5166664" location="Lloro" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.55" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE3FFDCFE7445C5BD503DD3" box="[476,546,1998,2025]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFD9145C5BD0D3DD2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE3FFDCFD9145C5BD0D3DD2" box="[569,639,1998,2024]" country="Colombia" latitude="5.5166664" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.55" name="Lloro" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Choco">Lloró</location>
, 
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE3FFDCFD2445C5BDB03DD2" box="[652,706,1998,2024]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="90.0">
<elevation id="004ED1D7FFE3FFDCFD2445C5BDB03DD2" box="[652,706,1998,2024]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="90.0">90m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFDD1024FFE3FFDCFD6745C5BC4A3DD2" box="[719,824,1998,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2020-02-03">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFE3FFDCFD6745C5BC4A3DD2" box="[719,824,1998,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2020-02-03">20-II-03.</collectingDate>
</date>
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFCE845C5BCEB3DD3" box="[832,921,1998,2025]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="5.5166664">5°31’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE575023FFE3FFDCFC0E45C5BB613DD2" box="[934,1043,1998,2024]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-76.55">76°33’W</geoCoordinate>
. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFBB645C5BB163DD2" box="[1054,1124,1998,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Olaya</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE3FFDCFB2245C4BA773DD3" box="[1162,1285,1999,2025]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mosquero</collectorName>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE3FFDCFAB845C4BA163DD3" box="[1296,1380,1999,2025]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFF154302BC053B19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980475" box="[189,887,265,291]" collectingDate="2020-02-03" collectionCode="VMC" collectorName="Olaya &amp; Mosquero" country="Colombia" elevation="90" latitude="5.5166664" location="Tolima" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-76.55" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Tolima">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFF154302BF983B19" box="[189,234,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFD114302BC723B19" box="[697,768,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">VMC</collectionCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFC884302BC053B19" bold="true" box="[800,887,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE0FFDFFC884302BC053B19" box="[800,887,265,291]" country="Colombia" name="Tolima" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tolima</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFC274302BA173B19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980578" box="[911,1381,265,291]" collectionCode="GHC" country="Colombia" location="Honda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFC274302BCCC3B19" box="[911,958,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFC7C4302BB583B19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFC7C4302BB583B19" box="[980,1066,265,291]" country="Colombia" name="Honda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Valle del Cauca">Honda</location>
”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFBE94302BBF13B19" box="[1089,1155,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">GHC</collectionCode>
. – 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFB0B4302BA173B19" bold="true" box="[1187,1381,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE0FFDFFB0B4302BA173B19" box="[1187,1381,265,291]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFF154326BC003B7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980501" box="[189,882,300,327]" collectingDate="1991-07-19" collectingDateMax="1991-07-21" collectingDateMin="1991-07-19" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="L. C. Pardo" country="Colombia" location="Jul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFF154326BF993B7D" box="[189,235,301,327]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; “Escalerete CF. 
<date id="FFDD1024FFE0FFDFFE184327BD233B7D" box="[432,593,300,327]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1991-07-19" valueMax="1991-07-21" valueMin="1991-07-19">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFE0FFDFFE184327BD233B7D" box="[432,593,300,327]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1991-07-19" valueMax="1991-07-21" valueMin="1991-07-19">Jul 19–21–91</collectingDate>
</date>
. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE0FFDFFDF34326BDAB3B7C" box="[603,729,300,327]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L.C. Pardo</collectorName>
leg”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFCB64326BC003B7D" box="[798,882,301,327]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFC204326BE723B50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980585" collectingDate="1991-07-19" collectingDateMax="1991-07-21" collectingDateMin="1991-07-19" collectionCode="VMC" collectorName="L. C. Pardo" country="Colombia" location="Jul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFC204326BCC43B7D" box="[904,950,301,327]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFF15435BBE723B50" box="[189,256,336,362]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">VMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFEB2435BBBEC3B50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980315" box="[282,1182,336,363]" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Col. ME Hitchcox" country="Colombia" location="B / Ventura" municipality="Ventura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFEB2435BBE3B3B51" box="[282,329,336,363]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFEFF435BBEF63B51" box="[343,388,336,363]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFE35435BBD6A3B50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFE35435BBD6A3B50" box="[413,536,336,362]" country="Colombia" municipality="Ventura" name="B / Ventura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Choco">B/Ventura</location>
<location id="8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFD88435BBDE03B50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFD88435BBDE03B50" box="[544,658,336,362]" country="Colombia" municipality="Ventura" name="B. Calima" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Choco">B.Calima</location>
, C.F. 50 msnm. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE0FFDFFCFC435BBB463B50" box="[852,1076,336,363]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Col. ME Hitchcox</collectorName>
”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFBE2435BBBEC3B50" box="[1098,1182,336,362]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFB11435BBD053BB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980343" collectionCode="GHC" collectorName="L. C. Pardo Locarno" country="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFB11435BBB953B51" box="[1209,1255,336,363]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFB5D435BBA513B51" box="[1269,1315,336,363]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “S30- 290. 
<collectorName id="26965332FFE0FFDFFF50437FBE923BB5" box="[248,480,372,399]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L.C. Pardo Locarno</collectorName>
Leg.”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFD91437FBD053BB4" box="[569,631,372,398]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">GHC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFD38437FBB993BB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980368" box="[656,1259,372,399]" collectionCode="VMC" collectorName="L. C. Pardo Locarno" country="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Choco">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFD38437FBDA73BB5" box="[656,725,372,399]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFB0C437FBB993BB4" box="[1188,1259,372,398]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">VMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF1543BCBEEE3BCF" blockId="30.[189,1399,438,501]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFE0FFDFFF1543BCBEEB3BCF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980612" collectingDate="2016-01-05" collectingMethod="Pitfall heces humanas" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="J. Quito F. Anapa" country="Ecuador" location="Charco Vicente" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFE0FFDFFF1543BCBE393BEB" box="[189,331,439,465]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFED843BCBD713BEB" bold="true" box="[368,515,439,465]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE0FFDFFED843BCBD713BEB" box="[368,515,439,465]" country="Ecuador" name="Esmeraldas" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Esmeraldas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFE0FFDFFD8C43BCBD1C3BEB" box="[548,622,439,465]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; “ 
<location id="8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFD2043BCBC3A3BEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFE2FFE1FDA14451BB0E3E3F:8EBC603FFFE0FFDFFD2043BCBC3A3BEB" box="[648,840,439,465]" country="Ecuador" name="Charco Vicente" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">Charco Vicente</location>
. Ex. 
<collectingMethod id="52224EF3FFE0FFDFFCD443BCBBF93BEB" box="[892,1163,439,465]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pitfall heces humanas</collectingMethod>
. 
<date id="FFDD1024FFE0FFDFFB3243BDBA783BEB" box="[1178,1290,438,465]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2016-01-05">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFE0FFDFFB3243BDBA783BEB" box="[1178,1290,438,465]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2016-01-05">16/05/01.</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="26965332FFE0FFDFFABD43BCBE593BCF" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">J. Quito F. Añapa</collectorName>
”; 
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFE0FFDFFEE943D0BEEB3BCF" box="[321,409,475,501]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF154016BE2F380D" blockId="30.[189,349,541,567]" box="[189,349,541,567]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="D0948188FFE0FFDFFF154016BE2F380D" bold="true" box="[189,349,541,567]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFF154016BE2F380D" bold="true" box="[189,349,541,567]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF154046BE8D385D" blockId="30.[189,511,589,615]" box="[189,511,589,615]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFE0FFDFFF154046BE46385D" box="[189,308,589,615]" name="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFE0FFDFFE974046BE89385D" box="[319,507,589,615]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFE0FFDEFF154084BD8F3B53" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF154084BE193893" blockId="30.[189,363,655,681]" box="[189,363,655,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="D0948188FFE0FFDFFF154084BE193893" bold="true" box="[189,363,655,681]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFF154084BE193893" bold="true" box="[189,363,655,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Redescription</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF4240B5BE0F38E3" blockId="30.[188,1399,702,837]" box="[234,381,702,729]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFF4240B5BE0F38E3" bold="true" box="[234,381,702,729]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Major male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF1540E8BC33397F" blockId="30.[188,1399,702,837]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
HEAD. Clypeus bidentate, black anteriorly, bright metallic red posteriorly, with green sheen; roughened sculpture. Genae bright metallic red, with green sheen; roughened sculpture. Front black. Cephalic horn black, curved posteriorly over pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE0FFDFFD0D4120BC72397F" box="[677,768,811,837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE0FFDFFCA44120BC41397F" box="[780,819,811,837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF154165BC9A3E5A" blockId="30.[188,1399,877,1120]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
PRONOTUM. Carinate, distinctly developed keel in the middle of anterior pronotal margin. Disc triangular, flat, with two distinctly developed tubercles on anterior portion. Triangle completely dull black, with bright metallic red sheen; completely smooth, scabriculous, impunctate. Sides bright metallic red, with green sheen; smooth sculpture, scabriculous, with effaced to almost effaced punctures. Lateral lines of pronotal triangle straight. Posterolateral angles rounded, strongly developed, projected laterally. Lateral fossae distinctly impressed. Basal fossae obtusely oval, deeply impressed to effaced. Posterior margin impunctate, becoming occasionally bright metallic red (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE0FFDFFCE5464DBCD53E5A" box="[845,935,1094,1120]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE0FFDFFC1B464DBCA83E5A" box="[947,986,1094,1120]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF154682BD513ED1" blockId="30.[189,1399,1160,1259]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
ELYTRA. Striae fine, smooth, dull black, with superficially impressed to effaced punctation, scabriculous, not strongly impressed basally. Interstriae dull black, smooth, scabriculous, impunctate. Sutural margin without apical tooth (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE0FFDFFE1046DABD643ED1" box="[440,534,1233,1259]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF15471FBDCA3F17" blockId="30.[189,696,1299,1326]" box="[189,696,1299,1326]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">PROTIBIAE. Quadridentate with apical spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF15475DBC653FAE" blockId="30.[189,1398,1365,1428]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">TERGITE VIII. Bright metallic red, with green sheen; scabriculous; with rough, superficially impressed punctures. Basal margin with setae variable in size.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF1547B7BC9A3C24" blockId="30.[189,1399,1468,1566]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
GENITALIA. Right lobe of endophallite copulatrix slightly more developed than left lobe. Right lobe obtusely triangular in shape; weakly developed, projected frontally. Left lobe concave superiorly, lobed inferiorly. Central ridge less developed than central column (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE0FFDFFC2E440FBCAA3C24" box="[902,984,1540,1566]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[334,1251,265,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-153@8.[333,1254,265,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 1. Endophallite copulatrix of the Phanaeus endymion species group (except for P. arletteae Arnaud, 2018). A. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). B. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). C. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (IEXA). D. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). E. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). F. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (TAMU). G. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). H. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). I. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). J. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). K. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). L. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). M. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). N. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887 (VMC).O. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU).P. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC). Q. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836748/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 1J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF42444DBE0F3C5B" blockId="30.[187,1399,1606,1706]" box="[234,381,1606,1633]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFF42444DBE0F3C5B" bold="true" box="[234,381,1606,1633]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Minor male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF154460BC173C90" blockId="30.[187,1399,1606,1706]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Like the major male, except for the reduction of secondary sexual characters (i.e., cephalic horn, pronotal triangle and tubercles, and pronotal posterolateral angles).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF4244DABE373CD1" blockId="30.[188,1401,1745,2024]" box="[234,325,1745,1771]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE0FFDFFF4244DABE373CD1" bold="true" box="[234,325,1745,1771]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE0FFDFFF1544FEBB683DD2" blockId="30.[188,1401,1745,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Similar to the male, except for the head showing a cephalic trituberculate carina; with weakly developed tubercles; carinate middle tubercle, slightly more frontally projected and more developed than lateral tubercles; frons with superficially impressed punctures; pronotal sculpture smooth, with almost effaced to effaced punctures; pronotum almost completely black, becoming posteriorly and laterally bright metallic red with green sheen; pronotal process trituberculate, lacking concavities; pronotal tubercles weakly developed, well-spaced, with middle tubercle more developed and posteriorly projected than lateral tubercles; posterior pronotal midline completely effaced (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFE0FFDFFC1845C5BB7E3DD2" box="[944,1036,1998,2024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE1FFDEFF424303BE123B18" blockId="31.[189,1398,264,361]" box="[234,352,264,290]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE1FFDEFF424303BE123B18" bold="true" box="[234,352,264,290]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Variation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE1FFDEFF154327BD8F3B53" blockId="31.[189,1398,264,361]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Mean length 
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE1FFDEFECC4327BEA03B7C" box="[356,466,300,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="20.1">20.1 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFE1FFDEFE4F4320BDED3B7C" box="[487,671,299,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9899999999999998" metricValueMax="2.3899999999999997" metricValueMin="1.59" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="19.9" valueMax="23.9" valueMin="15.9">15.9–23.9 mm</quantity>
). Minor males occasionally show the pronotal disc almost completely bright metallic red, with green sheen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1C666CFFE1FFDEFF1545A1BB0E3DD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFE1FFDEFF1545A1BB0E3DD2" blockId="31.[189,1399,1962,2024]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE1FFDEFF1545A1BE783DFE" bold="true" box="[189,266,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFE1FFDEFEB845A1BDC93DFE" authority="Balthasar, 1939" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[272,699,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE1FFDEFEB845A1BE8F3DFE" box="[272,509,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Phanaeus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFE1FFDEFDAC45A1BDC93DFE" author="Balthasar V." box="[516,699,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="238 - 247" refId="ref36059" refString="Balthasar V. 1939. Neue Phanaeus - Arten. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica 9: 238 - 247." type="journal article" year="1939">Balthasar, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224578DFFE1FFDEFD6A45A0BC563DFF" box="[706,804,1963,1989]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE1FFDEFC8145A1BC4C3DFE" bold="true" box="[809,830,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
. ♂ (TAMU). 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE1FFDEFC7745A1BC813DFE" bold="true" box="[991,1011,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">B</emphasis>
. ♀ (TAMU). 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFE1FFDEFB3B45A1BBDA3DFE" bold="true" box="[1171,1192,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C</emphasis>
. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFDEFFE1FF154303BB293BD8" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFDEFFE1FF154303BE243B18" blockId="32.[189,342,264,290]" box="[189,342,264,290]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="D0948188FFDEFFE1FF154303BE243B18" bold="true" box="[189,342,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FF154303BE243B18" bold="true" box="[189,342,264,290]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFDEFFE1FF154333BB293BD8" blockId="32.[189,1399,312,483]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Pacific Slope of the Andes, north-central 
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFDEFFE1FD054333BC533B68" box="[685,801,312,338]" name="Colombia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and northern 
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFDEFFE1FC634333BB5F3B68" box="[971,1069,312,338]" name="Ecuador" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFDEFFE1FB974333BBEA3B68" box="[1087,1176,312,338]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[191,234,1247,1273]" captionTargetBox="[193,1393,268,1195]" captionTargetId="figure-243@54.[189,1396,265,1198]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 17. Distribution of the Phanaeus endymion species group in South America. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2001 was reported from Colombia without accurate locality. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 was modified from Arnaud (2018)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836800/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Previous authors reported 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FE8E4356BEC63B4C" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[294,436,348,374]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FE8E4356BEC63B4C" box="[294,436,348,374]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFDEFFE1FE534357BD2A3B4C" box="[507,600,348,374]" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FDCF4357BC673B4C" author="Arnaud P." box="[615,789,348,374]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref35859" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury." type="book" year="2002">Arnaud 2002b</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FC884357BB563B4C" author="Kohlmann B. &amp; Arriaga-Jimenez A. &amp; Ros M." box="[800,1060,348,374]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="67 - 93" refId="ref39574" refString="Kohlmann B., Arriaga-Jimenez A. &amp; Ros M. 2018. Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 743.23029" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kohlmann 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FC0B4356BCA43B4C" box="[931,982,348,374]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). Nevertheless, these authors confused 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FE98438ABEB23BA0" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[304,448,384,410]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FE98438ABEB23BA0" box="[304,448,384,410]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FDAF438ABDC33BA0" authority="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2021" authorityName="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter" authorityYear="2021" box="[519,689,385,410]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FDAF438ABDC33BA0" box="[519,689,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224578DFFDEFFE1FD10438ABC663BA1" box="[696,788,385,411]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The specimens revised herein are the first accurate records of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FE9D43AEBEB03B84" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[309,450,420,446]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FE9D43AEBEB03B84" box="[309,450,420,446]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFDEFFE1FDA043AFBD1E3B84" box="[520,620,420,446]" name="Ecuador" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. The distributions of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FCF543AEBC983B84" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[861,1002,420,446]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FCF543AEBC983B84" box="[861,1002,420,446]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FB8843AEBBED3B84" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1056,1183,420,446]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funereus">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FB8843AEBBED3B84" box="[1056,1183,420,446]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. funereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
show a significant area of sympatry. Nevertheless, we did not find any putative hybrid specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFDEFFE1FF154000BB0E3E3F" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFDEFFE1FF154000BE5D381F" blockId="32.[189,303,523,549]" box="[189,303,523,549]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="D0948188FFDEFFE1FF154000BE5D381F" bold="true" box="[189,303,523,549]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FF154000BE5D381F" bold="true" box="[189,303,523,549]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFDEFFE1FF154031BB0E3E3F" blockId="32.[188,1400,570,1029]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FF154031BEDF386E" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[189,429,570,596]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FF154031BEDF386E" box="[189,429,570,596]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phanaeus olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was considered as a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FCE14030BCC2386E" authorityName="Bates, Det. W. D. Edmonds" authorityYear="1887" box="[841,944,571,596]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrois">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FCE14030BCC2386E" box="[841,944,571,596]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. pyrois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by previous authors (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FB114031BA00386E" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[1209,1394,570,596]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref37487" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus Macleay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 443: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FF154055BE943842" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[189,486,606,632]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref37762" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus Macleay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Nonetheless, a diagnosis and an updated key to separate 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FB184054BA303842" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1200,1346,606,632]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FB184054BA303842" box="[1200,1346,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and closely related species are provided by us. As a consequence, 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FC054088BB4C38A6" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[941,1086,642,668]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FC054088BB4C38A6" box="[941,1086,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is confidently resurrected herein from previous synonymy and full species status is assigned to it. The 
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFDEFFE1FB9340ADBBD538FA" box="[1083,1191,678,704]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FB6540ACBA2938FA" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1229,1371,678,704]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FB6540ACBA2938FA" box="[1229,1371,678,704]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a minor male (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFDEFFE1FECC40C1BECD38DE" box="[356,447,714,740]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1366,462,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-52@31.[189,1399,462,1925]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 8. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Lectotype ♂ (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836778/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
). Therefore, the redescription mainly relies on the type series and some specimens (n =8) collected from the type locality (
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFDEFFE1FD3040E5BC2B3932" box="[664,857,750,776]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFDEFFE1FCCF40E5BC923933" box="[871,992,750,777]" name="Colombia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Colombia</collectingCountry>
). When revising the type material deposited at MNHM, we were not able to find out the locality data for a Colombian female 
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFDEFFE1FB164119BA2E3916" box="[1214,1372,786,812]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FF15413CBE39396A" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[189,331,822,848]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FF15413CBE39396A" box="[189,331,822,848]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MNHN EC10567). Its locality data is probably indicated in an illegible label. Additionally, we found out that a 
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFDEFFE1FE1B4151BD23394E" box="[435,593,858,884]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FDD74150BC62394E" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[639,784,858,884]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FDD74150BC62394E" box="[639,784,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pertained to 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FC1A4150BB61394E" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2002" box="[946,1043,858,884]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malyi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FC1A4150BB61394E" box="[946,1043,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. malyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFDEFFE1FB8E4151BBF1394F" box="[1062,1155,858,885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[219,1380,610,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-108@27.[189,1399,610,1883]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 7. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002.A. ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (TAMU). C. Colombian specimen previously labelled as a paralectotype of P. blanchardi Olsoufieff, 1924 (by Christophe Rivier, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris, France) (MNHN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836774/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
, MNHN EC10569). Consequently, we conclude that the type series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FCB54174BCDC39A2" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[797,942,894,920]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FCB54174BCDC39A2" box="[797,942,894,920]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lumped together two distinct species. Previous authors (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FE2741A9BD5C3987" author="Arnaud P." box="[399,558,930,957]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="113 - 118" refId="ref35745" refString="Arnaud P. 1982. Liste des types de Phanaeini du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle de Paris [Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae]. Revue francaise d'Entomologie (N. S.) 4: 113 - 118." type="journal article" year="1982">Arnaud 1982</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FD9141A8BDF63987" author="Arnaud P." box="[569,644,931,957]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="2 - 5" refId="ref35833" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 a. Description de nouvelles especes de Phanaeides. (Col. Scarabaeidae). Besoiro 8: 2 - 5." type="journal article" year="2002">2002a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FD2741A9BDAE3986" author="Arnaud P." box="[655,732,930,956]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref35859" refString="Arnaud P. 2002 b. Phanaeini. Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Hillside Books, Canterbury." type="book" year="2002">2002b</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FD4F41A9BCE93987" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[743,923,930,957]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref37487" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus Macleay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 443: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FC0E41A9BBB33987" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[934,1217,930,957]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref37762" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus Macleay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012</bibRefCitation>
) did not realize this fact that solves the controversy considering 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FD5941CCBC3D39DB" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2002" box="[753,847,967,993]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malyi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FD5941CCBC3D39DB" box="[753,847,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. malyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior subjective synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFDEFFE1FB4041CCBA0439DB" authorityName="Balthasar" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Balthasar" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1256,1398,967,993]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olsoufieffi">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FB4041CCBA0439DB" box="[1256,1398,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. olsoufieffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or not (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FEB941E0BD433E3F" author="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J." box="[273,561,1003,1029]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref37762" refString="Edmonds W. D. &amp; Zidek J. 2012. Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus Macleay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Insecta Mundi 274: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2012</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FD9641E0BC2D3E3F" author="Solis A. &amp; Kohlmann B." box="[574,863,1003,1029]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref42322" refString="Solis A. &amp; Kohlmann B. 2012. Checklist and distribution atlas of the Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of Costa Rica. Zootaxa 3482: 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="2012">Solís &amp; Kohlmann 2012</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFDEFFE1FCC341E0BB023E3F" author="Kohlmann B. &amp; Arriaga-Jimenez A. &amp; Ros M." box="[875,1136,1003,1029]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="67 - 93" refId="ref39574" refString="Kohlmann B., Arriaga-Jimenez A. &amp; Ros M. 2018. Dung beetle vicariant speciation in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, with a description of a new species of Phanaeus (Coleoptera, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae). ZooKeys 743: 67 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 743.23029" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kohlmann 
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFDEFFE1FC4641E7BB503E3F" box="[1006,1058,1003,1029]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>