treatments-xml/data/03/C9/BD/03C9BD0E447FD10BFF6D755DFF7A3010.xml
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<document id="F331ABDD993207BECA29357089F91966" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.514.3.9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5316634" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630125499719" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Nimbalkar, Varsha V., Sharma, Oshin A., Girdhari, Milind M. &amp; Sardesai, Milind M." docDate="2021" docId="03C9BD0E447FD10BFF6D755DFF7A3010" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.514.3.9.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 514 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.514.3.9" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides Hoffmann 1895" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="298" masterDocId="FFF0C576447CD108FFE57729FFAB381E" masterDocTitle="Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides (Compositae): New record to Asia with its identity, typification, and distribution" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="295" pageNumber="298" updateTime="1699161742138" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="9AC4ED1BEDCC861AF0C63930D49FD0E9">Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides (Compositae): New record to Asia with its identity, typification, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="22A963525C42212CF3D708809D4BB7BD">Nimbalkar, Varsha V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="497F7661E02A6A283862A8A8F031CE72">Sharma, Oshin A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49EAB8F608EE31C0B971842617E31B8A">Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune- 411007, MS, India. &amp; sharma. oshin @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9706 - 4956</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FC8E557BED32FFCE284D88A03FBDD03D">Girdhari, Milind M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="61C492393B17DD17DA94B8A0300EE798">31, Shivdatta Society, N- 8, Cidco, Aurangabad, MS, India. &amp; milindgirdhari @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7776 - 3733</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C148278B3F1D42E707E42DEC95DFB5E0">Sardesai, Milind M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FB840E64957BBCE33554571E0C6872CC">Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune- 411007, MS, India. &amp; sardesaimm @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7802 - 3988</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5ECDDDA7A8A5A4D50DABD281A1AF5D00">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FDE9FFA6247FA66A615A87EC00A62D29">2021</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BDF0C18447FD10BFF6D755DFD453A90" blockId="3.[136,750,628,655]" box="[136,750,628,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC12A09447FD10BFF6D755DFD423A90" author="Hoffmann, K. A. O." box="[136,745,628,655]" page=")" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" year="1895">
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFF6D755DFD423A90" ID-CoL="4YLCV" authority="Hoffmann (1895: 229)" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityPageNumber="229" authorityYear="1895" box="[136,745,628,655]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gomphrenoides">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFF6D755DFE493A91" bold="true" box="[136,482,628,655]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFE0C755DFD423A90" author="Hoffmann, K. A. O." box="[489,745,628,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="219 - 237" refId="ref2296" refString="Hoffmann, K. A. O. (1895) Compositae Africanae II. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 20: 219 - 237." type="journal article" year="1895">Hoffmann (1895: 229)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B080645447FD10BFF6D7592FB303ACB" box="[136,1179,698,725]" collectionCode="K" country="Tanzania" location="Fischer" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" specimenCode="K000274177" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="54DBB2BA447FD10BFF6D7592FF533ACB" box="[136,248,699,725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated here):—
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. s. loc., s. d.,
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<location id="8EBF5AC3447FD10BFCE87593FCC83ACA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9BD0E447FD10BFF6D755DFF7A3010:8EBF5AC3447FD10BFCE87593FCC83ACA" box="[781,867,698,724]" country="Tanzania" name="Fischer" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Fischer</location>
</emphasis>
335 (
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image!).
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<paragraph id="8BDF0C18447FD10BFF5875F7FB4A3D16" blockId="3.[136,1452,698,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
Annual, procumbent undershrubs,
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high. Stem branched, angular, sparsely glandular hairy, winged; wings
<quantity id="4C98A1FD447FD10BFF367428FE9A3B05" box="[211,305,769,795]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">23 mm</quantity>
wide, denticulate. Leaves aromatic, alternate, sessile; lamina lanceolate,
<quantity id="4C98A1FD447FD10BFB897428FB6B3B05" box="[1132,1216,769,795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">24 cm</quantity>
long and up to
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wide, sparsely glandular-punctate dorsiventrally; leaf-base decurrent, forming cauline wings, margin denticulate, apex mucronate-apiculate. Inflorescence compound capitulum; numerous heterogamous capitula (partial heads) born on a conical, hollow receptacle of the compound head. Compound heads purple, ovoid-conical,
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or less in length as well as width, pedunculated, leaf-opposed; peduncles
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long, winged. Common involucre bracts 78, biseriate, c.
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long, ovate to oblong, hairy, ciliate, scarious along the margin, apiculate with
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protracted tip. Each capitulum sessile; comprised of 4 bracts, 2 centrally located bisexual florets surrounded by 4 outer, female florets, both without pappus. Of the 4 bracts, the involucre bract similar to that of the compound head; the other 3 bracts membranous with truncate, ciliated apex, c.
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; of the three, 2 laterally folded, boat-shaped; 1 adaxial, broad at apex, tapering towards base. Female florets
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long; corolla tube filiform, translucent, creamy-white, glanduliferous, minutely 3 lobed; lobes pink; ovary cylindrical, hairy, pale yellow; stigma bifid, dark pink. Bisexual florets c.
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long, corolla tube cylindrical, 5-lobed at apex, constricted near the base and below the lobes, lobes pink; constricted region, lobes, and ovary glanduliferous; glands sessile. Stamens 5, syngenesious, anthers sagittate, dorsifixed; ovary oblong, sparsely hairy, style dark pink, covered entirely with sweeping hair, slightly bifid at apex. Achenes of female flowers cylindrical, hairy, c.
<quantity id="4C98A1FD447FD10BFE8B73C7FE193D16" box="[366,434,1262,1288]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
; those of bisexual flowers obovoid, glabrous,
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.
<figureCitation id="135B109D447FD10BFBAF73C7FB3D3D16" box="[1098,1174,1262,1288]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,206,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-19@1.[177,1410,206,1884]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Analytical photographs of Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides. A. Habit; B. Twigs bearing compound capitulum; C. Compound head; D. Vertical section of a compound head; E, F. Involucre bracts of a compound head (E) and a capitulum (F) (left—abaxial view, right—adaxial view); G. Single capitulum comprising three bracts, female and bisexual flowers; H. Adaxial and lateral bracts of a capitulum; I. Female flower with exserted bifid stigma; J. Bisexual flowers (left—younger, right—older with anthers exserted from corolla tube); K, L. Achenes of female (K) and bisexual (L) flowers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316636/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="135B109D447FD10BFB2973C7FB763D16" box="[1228,1245,1262,1288]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[167,1400,204,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-32@2.[151,1436,187,1795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Line drawing of Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides. A. Flowering twig; B. Compound head; C. Vertical section of a compound head showing hollow conical receptacle; D. Involucre bract of a compound head; E. Single capitulum with 3 bracts and 4 female, 2 bisexual flowers; F. Involucre bract of a capitulum; G. Adaxial and lateral bracts of a capitulum; H. Female flower; I, J. Bisexual flowers at younger (I) and older (J) stage with anthers exserted from corolla tube; K, L.Achenes of bisexual (K) and female (L) flowers. Illustrated by Oshin based on VVN 649." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316640/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">2</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFF587238FEB23D35" bold="true" box="[189,281,1297,1323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Habitat</emphasis>
:—Drying wetlands, alluvial soil.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A5F93447FD10BFF58721DFF7A3010" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDF0C18447FD10BFF58721DFAD33D50" blockId="3.[136,1452,698,2062]" box="[189,1400,1332,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFF58721DFEE43D50" bold="true" box="[189,335,1332,1358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Distribution</emphasis>
:—Africa (
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFE2F721DFDB23D50" box="[458,537,1332,1358]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Congo</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFDC1721CFDDB3D51" box="[548,624,1333,1359]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFD9F721DFD493D50" box="[634,738,1332,1358]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFD08721DFCEC3D50" box="[749,839,1332,1358]" name="Uganda" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFCB7721DFC013D50" box="[850,938,1332,1358]" name="Zambia" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Zambia</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFC00721DFBF43D51" box="[997,1119,1332,1359]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
) and Asia (
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFB3B721DFAB63D51" box="[1246,1309,1332,1359]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">India</collectingCountry>
).
<figureCitation id="135B109D447FD10BFAD5721DFAD83D50" box="[1328,1395,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1078,1100]" captionTargetBox="[168,1422,203,1037]" captionTargetId="figure-32@4.[151,1436,190,1054]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map showing the worldwide occurrence (green dots) of Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5316646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5316646/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF0C18447FD10BFF58727EFB163DA7" blockId="3.[136,1452,698,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFF58727EFE1E3D6F" bold="true" box="[189,437,1367,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B080645447FD10BFE32727EFF4A3D8B" collectingDate="2021-03-18" collectionCode="BSI, SPPU" collectorName="Pune Dt." country="India" location="Maharashtra" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maharashtra">
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFE32727EFD873D6F" box="[471,556,1367,1393]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">INDIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49A4C2FA447FD10BFDD0727EFD6E3D6F" box="[565,709,1367,1393]" country="India" name="Maharashtra" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Maharashtra</collectingRegion>
:
<collectorName id="269569CE447FD10BFD357271FC983D6C" box="[720,819,1368,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Pune Dt.</collectorName>
, Shikrapur, Wablewadi,
<date id="FFDE2AD8447FD10BFBA6727EFB5B3D6F" box="[1091,1264,1367,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" value="2021-03-18">
<collectingDate id="EF9AD330447FD10BFBA6727EFB5B3D6F" box="[1091,1264,1367,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" value="2021-03-18">18 March 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFB1F7271FA843D6F" box="[1274,1327,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">VVN</emphasis>
649 (
<collectionCode id="ED7194DD447FD10BFA8A727EFA093D6F" box="[1391,1442,1367,1393]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12698" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12698" name="Botanical Survey of India, Western Circle" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="Herbarium">BSI</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED7194DD447FD10BFF6D7252FF7E3D8B" box="[136,213,1403,1429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">SPPU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B080645447FD10BFF0F7252FAA63D8B" box="[234,1293,1402,1429]" collectingDate="1978-07-01" collectionCode="J" country="Rwanda" location="Rwisirabo" municipality="Akagera National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" specimenCode="P033558" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFF0F7252FECC3D8B" box="[234,359,1403,1429]" name="Rwanda" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">RWANDA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBB9662447FD10BFE8A7253FDDB3D8A" box="[367,624,1402,1428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Akagera National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EBF5AC3447FD10BFD9F7253FD5B3D8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9BD0E447FD10BFF6D755DFF7A3010:8EBF5AC3447FD10BFD9F7253FD5B3D8A" box="[634,752,1402,1428]" country="Rwanda" municipality="Akagera National Park" name="Rwisirabo" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Rwisirabo</location>
,
<date id="FFDE2AD8447FD10BFD1C7252FCD73D8B" box="[761,892,1402,1429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" value="1978-07-01">
<collectingDate id="EF9AD330447FD10BFD1C7252FCD73D8B" box="[761,892,1402,1429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" value="1978-07-01">1 July 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFC637252FC453D8A" box="[902,1006,1402,1428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<collectionCode id="ED7194DD447FD10BFC637252FC3D3D8A" box="[902,918,1403,1428]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Raynal
</emphasis>
20784 (
<specimenCode id="DBC6A463447FD10BFBAD7253FB063D8B" box="[1096,1197,1402,1429]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="Herbarium">P033558</specimenCode>
image!)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B080645447FD10BFAF37252FB133DA7" collectingDate="1977-10-01" collectionCode="J" collectorName="Masai Dt." country="Tanzania" location="Ngorongoro Conservation Area" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" specimenCode="P033560" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFAF37252FA033D8B" box="[1302,1448,1403,1429]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectorName id="269569CE447FD10BFF6D72B7FF523DA6" box="[136,249,1438,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Masai Dt.</collectorName>
,
<location id="8EBF5AC3447FD10BFEE172B7FDC33DA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9BD0E447FD10BFF6D755DFF7A3010:8EBF5AC3447FD10BFEE172B7FDC33DA6" box="[260,616,1438,1464]" country="Tanzania" name="Ngorongoro Conservation Area" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Ngorongoro Conservation Area</location>
,
<date id="FFDE2AD8447FD10BFD9172B7FC893DA6" box="[628,802,1438,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" value="1977-10-01">
<collectingDate id="EF9AD330447FD10BFD9172B7FC893DA6" box="[628,802,1438,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" value="1977-10-01">1 October 1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFCC872B7FC3D3DA6" box="[813,918,1438,1464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<collectionCode id="ED7194DD447FD10BFCC872B7FC963DA9" box="[813,829,1438,1463]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Raynal
</emphasis>
19328 (
<specimenCode id="DBC6A463447FD10BFC1772B4FBFC3DA6" box="[1010,1111,1437,1464]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="Herbarium">P033560</specimenCode>
image!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF0C18447FD10BFF5872E8FC763F06" blockId="3.[136,1452,698,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFF5872E8FF5E3DC5" bold="true" box="[189,245,1473,1499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Note</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFEFC72E8FDC73DC5" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityYear="1895" box="[281,620,1473,1499]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gomphrenoides">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFEFC72E8FDC73DC5" box="[281,620,1473,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Sphaeranthus gomphrenoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFC5272E8FBCF3DC5" author="Beentje, H. J." box="[951,1124,1473,1499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref2189" refString="Beentje, H. J. (2002) Flora of East tropical Africa - Compositae (Part 2). Taylor &amp; Francis, pp. 1 - 506." type="book chapter" year="2002">Beentje (2002)</bibRefCitation>
under
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFB5872E8FEFC3DE0" authority="Olivier &amp; Hiern (1877: 334)" authorityName="Olivier &amp; Hiern" authorityPageNumber="334" authorityYear="1877" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="steetzii">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFB5872E8FA863DC5" box="[1213,1325,1473,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. steetzii</emphasis>
Olivier &amp; Hiern (1877: 334)
</taxonomicName>
. However, as per the protologue, bisexual flowers are not present in
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFB8472CDFB673DE0" authorityName="Olivier &amp; Hiern" authorityYear="1877" box="[1121,1228,1508,1534]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="steetzii">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFB8472CDFB673DE0" box="[1121,1228,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. steetzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Besides,
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFAA472CDFA073DE0" authorityName="Olivier &amp; Hiern" authorityYear="1877" box="[1345,1452,1508,1534]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="steetzii">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFAA472CDFA073DE0" box="[1345,1452,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. steetzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has
<specimenCount id="9D66C791447FD10BFF53712EFEB23E3F" box="[182,281,1543,1569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="female">4 female</specimenCount>
flowers and
<specimenCount id="9D66C791447FD10BFE4A712EFE573E3F" box="[431,508,1543,1569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
flower per capitulum, whereas there are
<specimenCount id="9D66C791447FD10BFC36712EFB9D3E3F" box="[979,1078,1543,1569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="female">4 female</specimenCount>
flowers, 2 bisexual flowers, and no male flowers in
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFE8B7102FDEA3E5A" box="[366,577,1578,1605]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFE8B7102FD973E5A" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityYear="1895" box="[366,572,1578,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gomphrenoides">S. gomphrenoides</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
For these reasons,
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFCC07102FC5B3E5A" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityYear="1895" box="[805,1008,1578,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gomphrenoides">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFCC07102FC5B3E5A" box="[805,1008,1578,1605]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. gomphrenoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot be treated as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFA737102FF7D3E79" authorityName="Olivier &amp; Hiern" authorityYear="1877" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="steetzii">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFA737102FF7D3E79" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. steetzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFE877167FDA03E76" author="Robyns, W." box="[354,523,1614,1640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref2546" refString="Robyns, W. (1924) Revision of the Genus Sphaeranthus. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 5 (1924): 177 - 199. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4111746" type="journal article" year="1924">Robyns (1924)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFD627167FC5C3E76" authority="Robyns (1924: 188)" authorityName="Robyns" authorityPageNumber="188" authorityYear="1924" box="[647,1015,1614,1640]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="keniensis">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFD627167FCA73E76" box="[647,780,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. keniensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFCF17167FC5C3E76" author="Robyns, W." box="[788,1015,1614,1640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref2546" refString="Robyns, W. (1924) Revision of the Genus Sphaeranthus. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 5 (1924): 177 - 199. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4111746" type="journal article" year="1924">Robyns (1924: 188)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which, according to him, differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFF6D7158FEFB3E95" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityYear="1895" box="[136,336,1649,1675]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gomphrenoides">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFF6D7158FEFB3E95" box="[136,336,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. gomphrenoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on habit (erect vs. prostrate), common involucre bracts of compound head (broadly ovate vs. lanceolate) and involucre bract of a capitulum (broadly oblong-obovate mucronate vs. linear, long apiculate). But the characters used by Robyns to describe
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFDB47191FC9D3ECF" box="[593,822,1719,1746]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFDB47191FD7D3ECF" authority="Nimbalkar &amp; Sharma &amp; Girdhari &amp; Sardesai, 2021" authorityName="Nimbalkar &amp; Sharma &amp; Girdhari &amp; Sardesai" authorityYear="2021" box="[593,726,1719,1746]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="keniensis" status="sp. nov.">S. keniensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2276D71447FD10BFD3A7191FC9D3ECF" box="[735,822,1720,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are more or less similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFB077191FA073ECF" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityYear="1895" box="[1250,1452,1719,1746]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gomphrenoides">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFB077191FA073ECF" box="[1250,1452,1719,1746]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. gomphrenoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as per the protologue and are considered variations, an observation in congruence with
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFB8671F3FAA53EEB" author="Beentje, H. J." box="[1123,1294,1754,1781]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref2189" refString="Beentje, H. J. (2002) Flora of East tropical Africa - Compositae (Part 2). Taylor &amp; Francis, pp. 1 - 506." type="book chapter" year="2002">Beentje (2002)</bibRefCitation>
. Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFA7371F2FF443F06" authorityName="Nimbalkar &amp; Sharma &amp; Girdhari &amp; Sardesai" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="keniensis">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFA7371F2FF443F06" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. keniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered conspecific with the latter as treated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFCA871D7FC733F06" author="Wild, H." box="[845,984,1790,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="23 - 113" refId="ref2805" refString="Wild, H. (1980) The Compositae of the Flora Zambesiaca Area, 12. Inuleae (continued). Kirkia 12 (1): 23 - 113." type="journal article" year="1980">Wild (1980)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF0C18447FD10BFF587008FF7A3010" blockId="3.[136,1452,698,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFF587008FECF3F25" author="Beentje, H. J." box="[189,356,1825,1851]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref2189" refString="Beentje, H. J. (2002) Flora of East tropical Africa - Compositae (Part 2). Taylor &amp; Francis, pp. 1 - 506." type="book chapter" year="2002">Beentje (2002)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that the type material of
<taxonomicName id="4C60779B447FD10BFD177008FC123F25" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityYear="1895" box="[754,953,1825,1851]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sphaeranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gomphrenoides">
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFD177008FC123F25" box="[754,953,1825,1851]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">S. gomphrenoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fischer 335) is collected from
<collectingCountry id="F3774C88447FD10BFAFD7008FAD63F25" box="[1304,1405,1825,1851]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and is deposited at herbaria B and K.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFDE6706DFCB23F40" author="Stafleu, F. A. &amp; Cowan, R. S." box="[515,793,1860,1886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" refId="ref2589" refString="Stafleu, F. A. &amp; Cowan, R. S. (1979) Taxonomic literature II H - Le Second Edition: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, vol. 2. Bohn, Schletema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht, 244 pp." type="book" year="1979">Stafleu &amp; Cowan (1979)</bibRefCitation>
also noted that the types used by Hoffmann are kept at B. The authors attempted to trace the specimen deposited at B by personal communication with Dr. Robert Vogt (Curator, Herbarium B). It was revealed that the specimen does not exist there, probably lost in fire at the Berlin Botanical Museum in World War II. Therefore, the specimen at K (K000274177), though it is highly fragmented, is designated here as a
<typeStatus id="54DBB2BA447FD10BFF1470F8FEF03FF5" box="[241,347,2001,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, which represents the species as per the protologue of the binomial (Art. 9.3 of ICN,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF171E9447FD10BFAF170F8FF6E3010" author="Turland, N. J. &amp; Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Greuter, W. &amp; Hawksworth, D. L. &amp; Herendeen, P. S. &amp; Knapp, S. &amp; Kusber, W. - H. &amp; Li, D. - Z. &amp; Marhold, K. &amp; May, T. W. &amp; McNeill, J. &amp; Monro, A. M. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F." pageId="3" pageNumber="298" refId="ref2644" refString="Turland, N. J., Wiersema, J. H., Barrie, F. R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W. - H., Li, D. - Z., Marhold, K., May, T. W., McNeill, J., Monro, A. M., Prado, J., Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018" type="proceedings" year="2018">
Turland
<emphasis id="B914D00A447FD10BFA9670FBFA073FF5" box="[1395,1452,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>