231 lines
28 KiB
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231 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3716514" ID-GBIF-Dataset="537947b6-ac91-43f9-9990-7c424660b3f1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162488064" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3716514" checkinTime="1584124410113" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hilton, Eric J. & Lavoué, Sébastien" docDate="2018" docId="03C3878DFFFDB31EFCB3FAD9246F4FC6" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.16.3.e180031.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7EA6CBAC9B92AC526D6A0354C904CC04.2:NeotropIchthyol.2014-2015.journal_article" docStyleId="7EA6CBAC9B92AC526D6A0354C904CC04" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2014-2015.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Notopteridae Bleeker 1851" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFFAFFF5FFFEB31AFFE1FF8821214A21" masterDocTitle="A review of the systematic biology of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha (Actinopterygii: Teleostei)" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1643466504853" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the systematic biology of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha (Actinopterygii: Teleostei)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hilton, Eric J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lavoué, Sébastien</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-10-11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>35</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-20180031</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">537947b6-ac91-43f9-9990-7c424660b3f1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3709903</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3716514" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162488064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3716514" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C3878DFFFDB31EFCB3FAD9246F4FC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C3878DFFFDB31EFCB3FAD9246F4FC6" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection box="[850,1007,1361,1385]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[813,1452,1361,1962]" box="[850,1007,1361,1385]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading box="[850,1000,1361,1385]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1851" box="[850,1000,1361,1385]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[850,1000,1361,1385]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Notopteridae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[813,1452,1361,1962]" lastBlockId="4.[136,775,1295,1959]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The featherbacks, or Old World knifefishes, of the family
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1851" box="[1044,1183,1393,1417]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Notopteridae</taxonomicName>
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comprise ten species in four genera distributed in the freshwaters of south and southeast Asia (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1934" box="[951,1031,1457,1481]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Chitala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[951,1031,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chitala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, six species;
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1800" box="[1183,1302,1458,1481]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Notopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1183,1302,1458,1481]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Notopterus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, one species;
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<figureCitation box="[813,875,1489,1513]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1275,1299]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1259]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1259]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Notopterinae. a. Notopterus notopterus (UF 237410; 167 mm SL). b. Chitala ornata (UF 237959; 498 mm SL). Photos by Z. Randall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) and Africa (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Greenwood" authorityYear="1963" box="[1017,1167,1490,1513]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Papyrocranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1017,1167,1490,1513]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Papyrocranus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, two species;
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[1317,1444,1490,1513]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Xenomystus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1317,1444,1490,1513]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xenomystus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, one species;
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<figureCitation box="[952,1016,1521,1545]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,175,1123,1147]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,1107]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[136,1459,174,1107]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. Xenomystinae. a. Xenomystus nigri (CU 91453). b. Papyrocranus afer (CU 97661). Scale bars = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kottelat" box="[1040,1200,1521,1545]" firstAuthor="Kottelat" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 663" refId="ref23411" refString="Kottelat M. The fishes of the inland waters of Southeast Asia: a catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in freshwaters, mangroves and estuaries. Raffles Bull Zool. 2013; 27: 1 - 663." type="journal article" year="2013">Kottelat, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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). The taxonomy of this family was revised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Roberts" box="[1056,1219,1553,1577]" firstAuthor="Roberts" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="361 - 83" refId="ref26687" refString="Roberts TR. Systematic revision of the old world freshwater fish family Notopteridae. Ichthyol Explor Freshw. 1992; 2 (4): 361 - 83." type="journal article" year="1992">Roberts (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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, who noted that more material is needed to be examined from across the ranges of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1800" box="[813,932,1618,1641]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Notopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[813,932,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Notopterus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[982,1109,1618,1641]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Xenomystus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[982,1109,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xenomystus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to better investigate the monospecific nature of these two genera. A single whole body fossil taxon (†
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1876" box="[936,1175,1682,1705]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Notopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="primaevus">
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<emphasis box="[936,1175,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Notopterus primaevus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from the Tertiary of Sumatra;
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<bibRefCitation author="Sanders" box="[886,1038,1713,1737]" firstAuthor="Sanders" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref26757" refString="Sanders M. Die fossilen Fische der Alttertiaren Susswasserablagerungen aus mittel-Sumatra. Verhandel Geol-mijnbouwk Genootsch Nederl Kolon. 1934; 11: 1 - 144. (Geologische series)." type="journal article" year="1934">Sanders, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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) is known, but is in need of preparation and redescription. †
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forey" authorityYear="1997" box="[1024,1346,1745,1769]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Osteoglossiformes (awaiting allocation)" genus="Palaeonotopterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greenwoodi">
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<emphasis box="[1024,1346,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from the Early Cretaceous of
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<collectingCountry box="[1032,1131,1778,1801]" name="Morocco" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Morocco</collectingCountry>
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, was initially described based on isolated braincase and fragmentary skull bones (
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<bibRefCitation author="Forey" firstAuthor="Forey" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="564 - 69" refId="ref21250" refString="Forey PL. A Cretaceous notopterid (Pisces: Osteoglossomorpha) from Morocco. S Afr J Sci. 1997; 93 (11 - 12): 564 - 69." type="journal article" year="1997">Forey, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Taverne, Maisey" box="[879,1125,1841,1865]" firstAuthor="Taverne" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref28348" refString="Taverne L, Maisey JG. A notopterid skull (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) from the continental early Cretaceous of southern Morocco. Am Mus Novit. 1999; 3260: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1999">Taverne, Maisey, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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) as a member of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1851" box="[1312,1451,1841,1865]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Notopteridae</taxonomicName>
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based on the presence of a supraorbital branch of the otic sensory canal, although this character was since identified in mormyroids (
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<bibRefCitation author="Cavin, Forey" box="[957,1165,1937,1962]" firstAuthor="Cavin" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="25 - 52" refId="ref20339" refString="Cavin L, Forey PL. Osteology and systematic affinities of Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey 1997 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha). Zool J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 2001; 133 (1): 25 - 52. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 00621. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Cavin, Forey, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Cavin, Forey" box="[1182,1398,1937,1962]" firstAuthor="Cavin" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="25 - 52" refId="ref20339" refString="Cavin L, Forey PL. Osteology and systematic affinities of Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey 1997 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha). Zool J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 2001; 133 (1): 25 - 52. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 00621. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Cavin, Forey (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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considered †
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forey" authorityYear="1997" box="[236,560,1295,1319]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Osteoglossiformes (awaiting allocation)" genus="Palaeonotopterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greenwoodi">
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<emphasis box="[236,560,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to be either a stem notopterid or a stem mormyroid, and in subsequent phylogenetic analysis, it has been recovered as a stem group mormyroid (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hilton" box="[229,371,1391,1415]" firstAuthor="Hilton" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref22345" refString="Hilton EJ. Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha). Zool J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 2003; 137 (1): 1 - 100. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.2003.00032. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Hilton, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, Murray" box="[382,625,1391,1416]" firstAuthor="Wilson" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="185 - 219" refId="ref29139" refString="Wilson MVH, Murray AM. Osteoglossomorpha: phylogeny, biogeography, and fossil record and the significance of key African and Chinese fossil taxa. In: Cavin L, Longbottom A, Richter M, editors. Fishes and the Break-up of Pangea. London: Geological Society; 2008. p. 185 - 219. (Special Publications; 295)." type="journal article" year="2008">Wilson, Murray, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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). As noted by
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<bibRefCitation author="Cavin, Forey" box="[136,361,1423,1448]" firstAuthor="Cavin" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="25 - 52" refId="ref20339" refString="Cavin L, Forey PL. Osteology and systematic affinities of Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey 1997 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha). Zool J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 2001; 133 (1): 25 - 52. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 00621. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Cavin, Forey (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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, however, its anatomy is largely unknown and prevents confident phylogenetic interpretations.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709909/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[136,175,1184,1208]" targetBox="[136,1459,174,1168]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1459,1184,1240]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,209,1184,1208]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1847" box="[219,354,1184,1208]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Hiodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hiodontidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[367,386,1184,1208]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">a.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[396,586,1184,1208]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Hiodontidae" genus="Hiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alosoides">
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<emphasis box="[396,586,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hiodon alosoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(VIMS 12099).
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[772,793,1184,1208]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">b.</emphasis>
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†
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<taxonomicName box="[816,990,1184,1208]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Hiodontidae" genus="Hiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcatus">
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<emphasis box="[816,990,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hiodon falcatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Eocene, Wyoming, USA (UMA F10651). Scale bars = 2 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[136,775,1295,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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All notopterids are extremely laterally compressed with an elongate anal fin that is confluent with the rounded caudal fin. The dorsal fin (absent in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[455,582,1552,1575]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Xenomystus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[455,582,1552,1575]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xenomystus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) has a short base but is tall and rounded. The body profile particularly that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1934" box="[136,216,1615,1639]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Chitala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[136,216,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Chitala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, undergoes a dramatic ontogenetic change, in which there is a substantial dorsal concavity above the head in adult fishes (not evident in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1800" box="[436,555,1680,1703]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Notopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis box="[436,555,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Notopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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or
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[594,721,1680,1703]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Xenomystus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis box="[594,721,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xenomystus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, and only slightly developed in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Greenwood" authorityYear="1963" box="[416,566,1712,1735]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Papyrocranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[416,566,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Papyrocranus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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). All species have a series of small abdominal scutes formed by paired elements (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hilton" box="[144,285,1775,1799]" firstAuthor="Hilton" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref22345" refString="Hilton EJ. Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha). Zool J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 2003; 137 (1): 1 - 100. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.2003.00032. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Hilton, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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||
: fig. 34). The species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[554,681,1776,1799]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Xenomystus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis box="[554,681,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xenomystus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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and
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Greenwood" authorityYear="1963" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Papyrocranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Papyrocranus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are electroreceptive, whereas those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1800" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Notopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Notopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1934" box="[222,302,1839,1863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" genus="Chitala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[222,302,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Chitala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bradford" box="[396,565,1839,1863]" firstAuthor="Bradford" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="35 - 39" refId="ref20068" refString="Bradford MR, Jr. African, but not Asian, notopterid fishes are electroreceptive: evidence from brain characters. Neurosci Lett [serial on the Internet]. 1982; 32 (1): 35 - 39. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0304 - 3940 (82) 90225 - 7" type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[396,497,1839,1863]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bradford" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bradford</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,775,1295,1959]" lastBlockId="4.[820,1459,1295,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1851" box="[174,313,1871,1895]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Notopteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely regarded as the sister group of Mormyroidea (=
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1831" box="[329,462,1903,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Mormyridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1859" box="[499,658,1903,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gymnarchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gymnarchidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) based on both morphological (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ridewood" box="[359,539,1935,1959]" firstAuthor="Ridewood" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="188 - 217" refId="ref26562" refString="Ridewood WG. On the cranial osteology of the fishes of the families Mormyridae, Notopteridae and Hiodontidae. J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 1904; 29 (190): 188 - 217. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1904. tb 00435. x" type="journal article" year="1904">Ridewood, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ridewood" box="[549,605,1935,1959]" firstAuthor="Ridewood" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="252 - 82" refId="ref26624" refString="Ridewood WG. On the cranial osteology of the fishes of the families Osteoglossidae, Pantodontidae, and Phractolaemidae. J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 1905; 29 (191): 252 - 82. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1905. tb 00041. x" type="journal article" year="1905">1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Taverne" box="[616,770,1935,1959]" firstAuthor="Taverne" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref28048" refString="Taverne L. Osteologie, phylogenese et systematique des teleosteens fossiles et actuels du super ordre des Osteoglossomorphes. Troisieme partie. Evolution des structures osteologiques et conclusions generales relatives a la phylogenese et a la systematique du super ordre. Acad Roy Belg Mem Cl Sci. 1979; 43 (3): 1 - 168. (Collection 8, Serie 2)" type="journal article" year="1979">Taverne, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lauder, Liem" box="[820,1035,1295,1319]" firstAuthor="Lauder" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="95 - 197" refId="ref23618" refString="Lauder GV, Liem KF. The evolution and interrelationships of the actinopterygian fishes. Bull Mus Comp Zool. 1983; 150 (3): 95 - 197." type="journal article" year="1983">Lauder, Liem, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Li, Wilson" box="[1047,1240,1295,1319]" firstAuthor="Li" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="163 - 174" refId="ref24452" refString="Li G-Q, Wilson MVH. Phylogeny of Osteoglossomorpha. In: Stiassny MLJ, Parenti LR, Johnson GD, editors. Interrelationships of fishes. New York: Academic Press; 1996 a. p. 163 - 174." type="book chapter" year="1996" yearSuffix="a">Li, Wilson, 1996a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lavoue, Sullivan" box="[828,1086,1327,1351]" firstAuthor="Lavoue" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="825 - 41" refId="ref27395" refString="Sullivan JP, Lavoue S, Arnegard ME, Hopkins CD. AFLPs resolve phylogeny and reveal mitochondrial introgression within a species flock of African electric fish (Mormyroidea: Teleostei). Evolution [serial on the Internet]. 2004; 58 (4): 825 - 41. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0014 - 3820.2004. tb 00415. x" type="journal article" year="2004">Lavoué, Sullivan, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hilton's" box="[1106,1272,1327,1351]" firstAuthor="Hilton's" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref22345" refString="Hilton EJ. Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha). Zool J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 2003; 137 (1): 1 - 100. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.2003.00032. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Hilton’s (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
analysis resulted in a
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1851" box="[874,1013,1359,1383]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Notopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Notopteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1831" box="[1049,1210,1359,1383]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Osteoglossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Osteoglossidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade, but he allowed that there were several characters that were not included in that analysis that supported the conventional grouping, as found in more recent phylogenetic analyses (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bonde" box="[1312,1455,1455,1479]" firstAuthor="Bonde" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="253 - 310" refId="ref19918" refString="Bonde N. Osteoglossomorphs of the marine Lower Eocene of Denmark - with remarks on other Eocene taxa and their importance for palaeobiogeography. In: Cavin L, Longbottom A, Richter M, editors. Fishes and the Break-up of Pangea. London: Geological Society; 2008. p. 253 - 310. (Special Publications; 295)." type="journal article" year="2008">Bonde, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, Murray" box="[820,1058,1487,1512]" firstAuthor="Wilson" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="185 - 219" refId="ref29139" refString="Wilson MVH, Murray AM. Osteoglossomorpha: phylogeny, biogeography, and fossil record and the significance of key African and Chinese fossil taxa. In: Cavin L, Longbottom A, Richter M, editors. Fishes and the Break-up of Pangea. London: Geological Society; 2008. p. 185 - 219. (Special Publications; 295)." type="journal article" year="2008">Wilson, Murray, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Murray" box="[1068,1278,1487,1512]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Murray" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="322 - 32" refId="ref25525" refString="Murray AM, You HL, Peng C. A New Cretaceous osteoglossomorph fish from Gansu Province, China. J Vertebr Paleontol [serial on the Internet]. 2010; 30 (2): 322 - 32. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724631003621961" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Murray
|
||
<emphasis box="[1155,1215,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Murray" box="[1288,1346,1487,1511]" firstAuthor="Murray" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="907 - 44" refId="ref25579" refString="Murray AM, Zelenitsky DK, Brinkman DB, Neuman AG. Two new Palaeocene osteoglossomorphs from Canada, with a reassessment of the relationships of the genus Joffrichthys, and analysis of diversity from articulated versus microfossil material. Zool J Linn Soc [serial on the Internet]. 2018; 183 (4): 907 - 44. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlx 100" type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |