350 lines
38 KiB
XML
350 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="6431637979071BC93661793F02E695E0" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.345.3.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13708429" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725592851508" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Parra, Luis A., Angelini, Claudio, Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz, Mata, Gerardo, Billette, Christophe, Rojo, Carlos, Chen, Jie & Callac, Philippe" docDate="2018" docId="03B9FE3AA32CFFC9F1F4FF76FF2FFD55" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.345.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 345 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.345.3.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Agaricus caribaeus Pegler, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="260" masterDocId="FF808642A30BFFE0F17CFFE8FFC8FF80" masterDocTitle="The genus Agaricus in the Caribbean. Nine new taxa mostly based on collections from the Dominican Republic" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="219" pageNumber="258" updateTime="1725605383008" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1BF7360E11497490E258754F02686D95">
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<mods:title id="2ADC4CD9D45B2F86AB5DE9A0CB3AFDF2">The genus Agaricus in the Caribbean. Nine new taxa mostly based on collections from the Dominican Republic</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0BB8C24FB13FE61F87911CEFB97CBAF4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D025DAD3074392908275B07F548443B4">Parra, Luis A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31D3BD75D6F0E8C993078D26F1730C3C">Avda. Padre Claret 7, 5 º G, 09400 Aranda de Duero, Burgos, Spain.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="830D416C813DAD8A78D29422E76AC808">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5ADAFE5654C40D423219FC48014BBE95">Angelini, Claudio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C23E220E43859A4B37DF5B8F39C11A2A">Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso, Apartado 21 - 9, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. & Via Cappuccini 78 / 8, 33170 Pordenone, Italia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="50C7C26C891E8E92B92C80B89ED5EC17">Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="38F6CEBC83A98CEF3450B1304364E83C">US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Center for Forest Mycology Research, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="F4DE7B79BE88F7B96E8D0380BC26CD2C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="33243997720322C8362FAF3687C2C91E">Mata, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F3A0BE024A93B87D9EA0B4239B347E19">Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Apartado Postal 63, 91000 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3F35DA876449CCA203296DCA21B3F763">Billette, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7515FCB3D3F08443159C6743702F0BE2">INRA, MycSA, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon CEDEX, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="C3DBFAE4D452C8E6EF2C3E1354A134C3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C505F1900C10F2230615D603D3D771FF">Rojo, Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3C9CCD0D3CEAF6B74B65329C97234A18">Biotecnología Forestal Aplicada (IdForest), Calle Curtidores 17, 34004 Palencia, Palencia, Spain.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F1AE8E6E3938A5D884B4590147039C6E">Chen, Jie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AD83B7745FAC69FA6BA2AEF35E29AA15">AV 7 1715, Córdoba Centro, 94500 Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3FD2D5E16D487B5BFE11D73D9D342716">Callac, Philippe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="32F110C2B1BBAE5A2C92A76B0D05705F">INRA, MycSA, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon CEDEX, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="487A0CB4DB7CD2479FD1EB89B38CA6A1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AF098FFA283E09451E29000CCA75AB86">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="420A5720A5CA1F3CF4AF7164B3B5E154">
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<mods:date id="777A21B75C1851E4D0858DDA401E70E0">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1CC6CBB6689E6588AC73F4B8F2C26C33">2018-03-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FACF27DCFA0C920B40E0F01E14B0FFEE">345</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3F08A3C830565F0260A3782C4A58270F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="01B268C26C8D3C1AC072FDEE170A5B2D">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3CEA3D5225BA6F76A8132B2F529EC8E3">219</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="98C2F71FAB12BA0F43DDA7A737A46185">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.345.3.2</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="7D86E2B84CFFEF3E8D6ACB43A02DFD86">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="72C63D99F723BB8DC7A153243F7D1672" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.345.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FE693828039F4F4AB689008DD5E761C6" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7819C9BA5D885B9DBCFA908241D9EF70" type="Zenodo-Dep">13708429</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B9FE3AA32CFFC9F1F4FF76FF2FFD55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13709265" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13709265" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9FE3AA32CFFC9F1F4FF76FF2FFD55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9FE3AA32CFFC9F1F4FF76FF2FFD55" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="260" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
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<subSubSection id="C30A1CA7A32CFFC7F1F4FF76FF0AFD0D" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1F4FF76FC70FF39" blockId="39.[136,952,158,185]" box="[136,952,158,185]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
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<heading id="D0E7F840A32CFFC7F1F4FF76FC70FF39" box="[136,952,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" reason="3">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB1693DA32CFFC7F1F4FF76FC83FF39" author="Pegler" box="[136,843,158,185]" journal="Kew Bull. Addit. Ser." page="436" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" score="3.5289801692168723" volume="6" year="1983">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA32CFFC7F1F4FF76FD7CFF39" ID-CoL="65NM6" authority="Pegler, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser." box="[136,692,158,185]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1F4FF76FEAFFF39" bold="true" box="[136,359,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Agaricus caribaeus</emphasis>
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Pegler, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser.
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</taxonomicName>
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6: 436. 1983
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
. (
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<figureCitation id="132B53A9A32CFFC7F222FF48FC67FF39" box="[862,943,160,185]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="40.[136,229,1944,1965]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,190,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@40.[183,1405,190,1919]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 18. Macroscopic characters of A. caribaeus. A–B. Basidiomata. A. (JBSD123820); B. (JBSD126485). Microscopic characters of A. caribaeus. C–M. In ammoniacal Congo red. C–D, G–H. (JBSD123820); E–F, I–M. (JBSD126485). C–F. Cheilocystidia. G–H. Basidia. I. Spores. J. Hyphae of the lower surface of the annulus (a terminal hypha is marked with an asterisk). K–M. Pileipellis hyphae (K–L. pigmented terminal elements at disc). Photos by C. Angelini (A–C) and L.A. Parra (D–M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13708481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13708481/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1F4FF00FF0AFD0D" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
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||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1F4FF00FDCEFE81" bold="true" box="[136,518,232,257]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Macroscopic description: Pileus</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CE8E2C9A32CFFC7F372FF00FDA9FE81" box="[526,609,232,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 cm</quantity>
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diam., hemispherical, soon plano-convex, sometimes slightly depressed at center or umbonate, densely covered by gray appressed squamules on a whitish background with an entire almost black center. Surface dull and dry. Margin white, thick, with cottony remnants from the partial veil in young basidiomata, slightly exceeding the lamellae and fimbriate, sometimes cracked. Developing a slightly pinkish tint on handling.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1F4FE90FF3EFE11" bold="true" box="[136,246,376,401]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Lamellae</emphasis>
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free, moderately crowded, straight, intercalated with numerous lamellulae, at first off-white, then pink, finally dark brown with the edge paler and eroded.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F3AEFE74FCC7FE35" bold="true" box="[722,783,412,437]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Stipe</emphasis>
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3–5(–8) ×
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<quantity id="4CE8E2C9A32CFFC7F2ECFE74FBD9FE35" box="[912,1041,412,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" unit="cm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 cm</quantity>
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, cylindrical, curved at base, with an annulus in its upper third, above annulus smooth, at first white, then light pink and finally pale gray, below annulus white, smooth, sometimes at base (where is covered by plant remains) fibrillose-lanose. Not or slightly yellowing when handled.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F04EFDE0FE5FFDA1" bold="true" box="[306,407,520,545]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Annulus</emphasis>
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superous, double, white, up to
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<quantity id="4CE8E2C9A32CFFC7F389FDE0FC88FDA1" box="[757,832,520,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" unit="cm" value="0.2">0.2 cm</quantity>
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broad, persistent, thick and adpressed to stipe, with the upper surface and the margin of the lower surface cottony, the surface closer to the stipe smooth, forming a white to slightly grayish bracelet adpressed to the stipe.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F3EAFDB8FD3DFDE9" bold="true" box="[662,757,592,617]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Context</emphasis>
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when cut white or slightly yellowing at the base, with fungoid odor.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30A1CA7A32CFFC7F1C1FD70FC99FA01" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1C1FD70FA9BFBE1" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1C1FD70FD89FD31" bold="true" box="[189,577,664,689]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Microscopic description: Spores</emphasis>
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(4–)4.33–4.82–5.25(–5.67) × 2.8–3.2–3.6 μm, Q=1.32–1.52–1.72, ellipsoid, smooth, brown, without apical pore.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F352FD54FD4FFD55" bold="true" box="[558,647,700,725]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Basidia</emphasis>
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10–18.5 × 6.5–8.5 μm, tetrasporic, clavate or slightly truncated at the apex, sterigmata up to 3 μm long.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F365FD08FD0BFD79" bold="true" box="[537,707,736,761]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
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absent in JBSD123820, rare and difficult to observe, isolated or in small fascicles of 3 to 7 cheilocystidia in JBSD126485, hyaline, simple, rarely with a basal septum, cylindrical, clavate, fusiform or enlarged at apex with lateral excrescences, 15–30 × 5–9(–12) μm.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F51DFCC0FAC4FCC1" bold="true" box="[1121,1292,808,833]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
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not observed.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1F4FCA4FE0AFCE5" bold="true" box="[136,450,844,869]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Lower surface of annulus</emphasis>
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composed of cylindrical hyphae, not or slightly narrowed at the septa, 2–4 μm wide. Inflated elements not observed.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F08EFC98FDADFC09" bold="true" box="[498,613,880,905]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Pileipellis</emphasis>
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a cutis, with transition to a trichoderm at the squamulose disc. At the disc composed of hyphae with versiform basal elements, more or less polyhedral from which
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<specimenCount id="9D1684A5A32CFFC7F5F6FC7CFB30FC2D" box="[1162,1272,916,941]" count="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
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of dark brown, almost black elements arise, some cylindrical and thin, slightly narrowed at septa with rounded apex of 3–6 μm wide, and others doliiform, narrower at septa of 6–11 μm wide, the pigment is diffuse or in vacuoles, and terminal elements are obpyriform. The rest of the pileus is composed of hyphae of
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<specimenCount id="9D1684A5A32CFFC7F23EFBE8FC78FB99" box="[834,944,1024,1049]" count="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
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, some consisting of thin, cylindrical elements, slightly narrowed at septa with diffuse pigment and rarely with small vacuoles similar to these of the disc, and others thicker, hyaline, the wider the more constricted at septa, of 5–10 μm wide.
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F2ACFBA0FB7CFBE1" bold="true" box="[976,1204,1096,1121]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Clamp connections</emphasis>
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not observed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1C1FB84FB17FB05" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" box="[189,1247,1132,1157]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1C1FB84FE3BFB05" bold="true" box="[189,499,1132,1157]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Macrochemical reactions:</emphasis>
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Schäffer’s reaction negative. KOH reaction positive, color yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1C1FB78FDF8FB71" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
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<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1C1FB78FD1DFB29" bold="true" box="[189,725,1168,1193]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Habit, habitat, occurrence and distribution:</emphasis>
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Gregarious, in lowland broadleaf forests. Rare. Recorded only from
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<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA32CFFC7F1BAFB5CFEA4FB4D" box="[198,364,1204,1229]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
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Republic and
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<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA32CFFC7F36DFB5CFD59FB4D" box="[529,657,1204,1229]" name="Martinique" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Martinique</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8132DDA32CFFC7F3E0FB5CFCFEFB4D" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[668,822,1204,1229]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" pagination="1 - 667" refId="ref31004" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1983) Agaric Flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 9: 1 - 667." type="book chapter" year="1983">Pegler (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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designated the
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<typeStatus id="54ABF18EA32CFFC7F29BFB5CFB81FB4D" box="[999,1097,1204,1229]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(Fiard 442B) from a collection collected by J.-P. Fiard in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA32CFFC7F0D0FB30FDE4FB71" box="[428,556,1240,1265]" name="Martinique" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1C1FB14FC99FA01" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1C1FB14FF37FA95" bold="true" box="[189,255,1276,1301]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Note:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is characterized by its small size, the pileus covered by grayish appressed squamules with the center darker almost black, the stipe typically long and thin, the double annulus, somewhat ample, thick, adpressed to stipe, cottony on the lower surface forming a narrow bracelet smooth and adpressed to stipe, by the fungoid odor and context and surfaces not or very weakly yellowing on handling.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A1CA7A32CFFC9F1C1FA64FF2FFD55" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="260" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1C1FA64FA47FA49" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1C1FA64FE63FA25" bold="true" box="[189,427,1420,1445]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B784571A32CFFC7F0C8FA64FE7EFA49" collectingDate="2011-11-20" collectionCode="JBSD, LAPAM" country="Dominican Republic" location="Puerto Chiquito" municipality="Sosua" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" specimenCode="JBSD123820, LAPAM19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puerto Plata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F0C8FA64FD31FA25" bold="true" box="[436,761,1420,1445]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA32CFFC7F0C8FA64FD31FA25" box="[436,761,1420,1445]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">DOMINICAN REPUBLIC</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F275FA64FC69FA25" bold="true" box="[777,929,1420,1445]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D481CEA32CFFC7F275FA64FC69FA25" box="[777,929,1420,1445]" country="Dominican Republic" name="Puerto Plata" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Puerto Plata</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBD556A32CFFC7F2CEFA64FC30FA25" box="[946,1016,1420,1445]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Sosúa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8ECF19F7A32CFFC7F579FA64FB74FA25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9FE3AA32CFFC9F1F4FF76FF2FFD55:8ECF19F7A32CFFC7F579FA64FB74FA25" box="[1029,1212,1420,1445]" country="Dominican Republic" municipality="Sosua" name="Puerto Chiquito" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Puerto Plata">Puerto Chiquito</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAE69ECA32CFFC7F5B5FA64FA6FFA25" box="[1225,1447,1420,1445]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" value="2011-11-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEA9004A32CFFC7F5B5FA64FA6FFA25" box="[1225,1447,1420,1445]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" value="2011-11-20">20 November 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB6E757A32CFFC7F1F4FA58FED5FA49" box="[136,285,1456,1481]" collectionCode="JBSD" country="Dominican Republic" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" name="Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">JBSD123820</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB6E757A32CFFC7F050FA58FE67FA49" box="[300,431,1456,1481]" collectionCode="LAPAM" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">LAPAM19</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B784571A32CFFC7F0BDFA58FA43FA49" box="[449,1419,1456,1481]" collectingDate="2013-11-29" collectionCode="JBSD, LAPAM" country="Dominican Republic" location="Puerto Chiquito" municipality="Sosua" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" specimenCode="JBSD126485, LAPAM41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puerto Plata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F0BDFA58FD9FFA49" bold="true" box="[449,599,1456,1481]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D481CEA32CFFC7F0BDFA58FD9FFA49" box="[449,599,1456,1481]" country="Dominican Republic" name="Puerto Plata" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Puerto Plata</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBD556A32CFFC7F319FA58FD63FA49" box="[613,683,1456,1481]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Sosúa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8ECF19F7A32CFFC7F3CAFA58FCA3FA49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9FE3AA32CFFC9F1F4FF76FF2FFD55:8ECF19F7A32CFFC7F3CAFA58FCA3FA49" box="[694,875,1456,1481]" country="Dominican Republic" municipality="Sosua" name="Puerto Chiquito" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Puerto Plata">Puerto Chiquito</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAE69ECA32CFFC7F20AFA58FB9AFA49" box="[886,1106,1456,1481]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" value="2013-11-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEA9004A32CFFC7F20AFA58FB9AFA49" box="[886,1106,1456,1481]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" value="2013-11-29">29 November 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB6E757A32CFFC7F521FA58FB3AFA49" box="[1117,1266,1456,1481]" collectionCode="JBSD" country="Dominican Republic" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" name="Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">JBSD126485</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB6E757A32CFFC7F47DFA58FA4BFA49" box="[1281,1411,1456,1481]" collectionCode="LAPAM" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">LAPAM41</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1C1FA3CFE0DF9D9" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1C1FA3CFE01FA6D" bold="true" box="[189,457,1492,1517]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Taxonomic comments:</emphasis>
|
||
Our determination of collections
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01D7E9A32CFFC7F242FA3CFCB7FA6D" box="[830,895,1492,1517]" country="Dominican Republic" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" name="Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">JBSD</collectionCode>
|
||
123820 and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01D7E9A32CFFC7F574FA3CFB82FA6D" box="[1032,1098,1492,1517]" country="Dominican Republic" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" name="Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">JBSD</collectionCode>
|
||
126485 as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA32CFFC7F5BDFA3CFA85FA6D" box="[1217,1357,1492,1517]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F5BDFA3CFA85FA6D" box="[1217,1357,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">A. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on the fact that their
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01D7E9A32CFFC7F01BFA10FE5DF991" box="[359,405,1528,1553]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">ITS</collectionCode>
|
||
1+2 sequences are identical to those of a collection (F2530), deposited in GenBank (JF727856), made by J.-P. Fiard (collector of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ABF18EA32CFFC7F363F9F4FD4BF9B5" box="[543,643,1564,1589]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) on the island of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA32CFFC7F239F9F4FC09F9B5" box="[837,961,1564,1589]" name="Martinique" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the “bois de la Pointe Rouge”, where the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ABF18EA32CFFC7F1F4F9A8FF22F9D9" box="[136,234,1600,1625]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was also collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA32CFFC7F1C1F98CFB77F865" blockId="39.[136,1452,232,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">
|
||
Although the collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA32CFFC7F37DF98CFD59F9FD" box="[513,657,1636,1661]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F37DF98CFD59F9FD" box="[513,657,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">A. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA32CFFC7F3A0F98CFC4CF9FD" box="[732,900,1636,1661]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
Republic studied here agree very well with the original description, figures and photograph of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8132DDA32CFFC7F3E1F960FCF1F921" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[669,825,1672,1697]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" pagination="1 - 667" refId="ref31004" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1983) Agaric Flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 9: 1 - 667." type="book chapter" year="1983">Pegler (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, there are several divergent characters discussed below.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8132DDA32CFFC7F1F4F944FED7F945" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[136,287,1708,1733]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" pagination="1 - 667" refId="ref31004" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1983) Agaric Flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 9: 1 - 667." type="book chapter" year="1983">Pegler (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that the margin of the pileus is “slightly plicate to sulcate” and the “Schäffer’s reaction positive” whereas our two collections had a smooth margin that exceeded the lamellae and was fimbriate, and the Schäffer’s reaction was clearly negative. Since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8132DDA32CFFC7F34DF91CFD05F88D" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[561,717,1780,1805]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" pagination="1 - 667" refId="ref31004" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1983) Agaric Flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 9: 1 - 667." type="book chapter" year="1983">Pegler (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that the margin of the pileus lacked scales, it is very possible that the only specimen (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ABF18EA32CFFC7F37EF8F0FDAFF8B1" box="[514,615,1816,1841]" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) on which his description is based was collected after heavy rain, which could explain the plicate or sulcate margin lacking scales, due to the scanty context in the pileus of this species. As for the positive Schäffer’s reaction it could be due to a misreading of the test, which is not uncommon in the species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1DBF86CFF77F81D" box="[167,191,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">A.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA32CFFC7F07CF86CFE7CF81D" box="[256,436,1924,1949]" pageId="39" pageNumber="270" rank="section" section="Xanthodermatei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F07CF86CFE7CF81D" box="[256,436,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Xanthodermatei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, since the aniline alone usually colors the pileus of the species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F5E1F86CFB7EF81D" box="[1181,1206,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">A.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA32CFFC7F58BF86CFA63F81D" box="[1271,1451,1924,1949]" pageId="39" pageNumber="270" rank="section" section="Xanthodermatei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F58BF86CFA63F81D" box="[1271,1451,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Xanthodermatei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
orange. We must also take into account that the phylogenetic analyses show that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA32CFFC7F545F840FB01F841" box="[1081,1225,1960,1985]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="39" pageNumber="258" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F545F840FB01F841" box="[1081,1225,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">A. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to A. sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA32CFFC7F1F4F824FEF4F865" box="[136,316,1996,2021]" pageId="39" pageNumber="270" rank="section" section="Xanthodermatei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA32CFFC7F1F4F824FEF4F865" box="[136,316,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="258">Xanthodermatei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within which no species with positive Schäffer’s reactions are currently known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6F1FA4A323FFC8F1F4F870FBF9F799" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13708481" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13708481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13708481/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="259" startId="40.[136,229,1944,1965]" targetBox="[183,1405,190,1918]" targetPageId="40" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA323FFC8F1F4F870FBF9F799" blockId="40.[136,1452,1944,2073]" pageId="40" pageNumber="259">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA323FFC8F1F4F870FEC2F82D" bold="true" box="[136,266,1944,1965]" pageId="40" pageNumber="259">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
|
||
Macroscopic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA323FFC8F369F870FD47F82D" box="[533,655,1944,1965]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="40" pageNumber="259" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA323FFC8F369F870FD47F82D" box="[533,655,1944,1965]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="259">A. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA323FFC8F3E7F870FD06F82D" bold="true" box="[667,718,1944,1965]" pageId="40" pageNumber="259">A–B.</emphasis>
|
||
Basidiomata. A. (JBSD123820); B. (JBSD126485). Microscopic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA323FFC8F1D9F854FEE9F851" box="[165,289,1980,2001]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="40" pageNumber="259" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA323FFC8F1D9F854FEE9F851" box="[165,289,1980,2001]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="259">A. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA323FFC8F053F854FEA1F851" bold="true" box="[303,361,1980,2001]" pageId="40" pageNumber="259">C–M.</emphasis>
|
||
In ammoniacal Congo red. C–D, G–H. (JBSD123820); E–F, I–M. (JBSD126485). C–F. Cheilocystidia. G–H. Basidia. I. Spores. J. Hyphae of the lower surface of the annulus (a terminal hypha is marked with an asterisk). K–M. Pileipellis hyphae (K–L. pigmented terminal elements at disc). Photos by C. Angelini (A–C) and L.A. Parra (D–M).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA322FFC9F1C1FF48FE5BFEA5" blockId="41.[136,1452,160,725]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">
|
||
Microscopically, spores of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA322FFC9F096FF48FD46FF39" box="[490,654,160,185]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
collections are somewhat longer ([4.00–]4.33–4.82–5.25[–5.67] × 2.8– 3.2–3.6 μm) than those indicated by Pegler for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ABF18EA322FFC9F3BAFF2CFCE0FF5D" box="[710,808,196,221]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(5.0–5.5–6.0 × 2.5–3.2–3.5 μm) although values overlap to some degree, so, given the low number of collections that we have of this taxon, they could perfectly be within its intraspecific variability.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA322FFC9F1C1FED8FAB6FDE9" blockId="41.[136,1452,160,725]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">
|
||
The most divergent characters between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ABF18EA322FFC9F3D0FED8FCC6FEC9" box="[684,782,304,329]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8132DDA322FFC9F2D3FED8FB81FEC9" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[943,1097,304,329]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" pagination="1 - 667" refId="ref31004" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1983) Agaric Flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 9: 1 - 667." type="book chapter" year="1983">Pegler (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA322FFC9F5FFFED8FAE1FEC9" box="[1155,1321,304,329]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
collections are the shape and abundance of cheilocystidia since this author describes the “lamellae edge sterile, with crowded cheilocystidia” which are “pyriform”, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA322FFC9F31DFE90FCCDFE11" box="[609,773,376,401]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
collections either lack cheilocystidia (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01D7E9A322FFC9F5D2FE90FB39FE11" box="[1198,1265,376,401]" country="Dominican Republic" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" name="Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" type="Herbarium">JBSD</collectionCode>
|
||
123820) or these are very few and isolated in small groups and versiform (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01D7E9A322FFC9F383FE74FC8AFE35" box="[767,834,412,437]" country="Dominican Republic" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15541" name="Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" type="Herbarium">JBSD</collectionCode>
|
||
126485) but not pyriform. However, in Fiard’s personal notes of F2530, he included a microscopic drawing showing that cheilocystidia are broadly clavate to pyriform, and he indicated that they were rare. In other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA322FFC9F3EAFE0CFD33FE7D" box="[662,763,484,509]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA322FFC9F3EAFE0CFD33FE7D" box="[662,763,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">Agaricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we have already observed this type of versiform cheilocystidia in some collections, while others had sphaeropedunculate cheilocystidia or lacked them as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA322FFC9F5DBFDE0FAAEFDA1" box="[1191,1382,520,545]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudolutosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA322FFC9F5DBFDE0FAAEFDA1" box="[1191,1382,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">A. pseudolutosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA322FFC9F4EFFDE0FA6CFDA1" box="[1427,1444,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">A</emphasis>
|
||
. sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA322FFC9F1BFFDC4FEBFFDC5" box="[195,375,556,581]" pageId="41" pageNumber="270" rank="section" section="Xanthodermatei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA322FFC9F1BFFDC4FEBFFDC5" box="[195,375,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">Xanthodermatei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA322FFC9F0FAFDC4FDDAFDC5" box="[390,530,556,581]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="laskibarii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA322FFC9F0FAFDC4FDDAFDC5" box="[390,530,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">A. laskibarii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has collections with versiform cystidia very similar to those observed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3070FBCA322FFC9F4F5FDC4FECCFDE9" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA322FFC9F0D6FDB8FDFFFDE9" box="[426,567,592,617]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA322FFC9F0D6FDB8FDFFFDE9" box="[426,567,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">A. caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other collections with clavate or pyriform cheilocystidia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8132DDA322FFC9F58DFDB8FABAFDE9" author="Parra, L. A." box="[1265,1394,592,617]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" refId="ref30882" refString="Parra, L. A. (2013) Agaricus L. Allopsalliota Nauta & Bas. Fungi Europaei 1 A, Candusso Edizioni s. a. s., Alassio, 1168 pp." type="book" year="2013">Parra 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF4F2CA322FFC9F1C1FD9CFF2FFD55" blockId="41.[136,1452,160,725]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">
|
||
For all the above, and despite the divergent elements between the original description, on a single collection by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8132DDA322FFC9F1D3FD70FE85FD31" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[175,333,664,689]" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" pagination="1 - 667" refId="ref31004" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1983) Agaric Flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 9: 1 - 667." type="book chapter" year="1983">Pegler (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the two Dominican collections, we consider our collections within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1034AFA322FFC9F5B1FD70FA63FD31" box="[1229,1451,664,689]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="41" pageNumber="260" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caribaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964933EA322FFC9F5B1FD70FA63FD31" box="[1229,1451,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="260">Agaricus caribaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
concept.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |