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<document id="B2571B29FCC42CC5B54AB79F1195322F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2599.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10095192" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629698826262" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Devictor, Susan T. &amp; Morton, Steve L." docDate="2010" docId="03A887A7FFF87D792A81FBA4619AF808" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02599p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2599 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2599.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Stylatula elegans" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FF91FFDFFFCE7D4F2A16FFCE653BFF8A" masterDocTitle="Identification guide to the shallow water (0 - 200 m) octocorals of the South Atlantic Bight 2599" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1699569631396" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="15EBCE26DA1C6E25F81522B783FFFA44">Identification guide to the shallow water (0 - 200 m) octocorals of the South Atlantic Bight 2599</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93C2C1CFD0A6FF0C15CB03893E0CCD6E">Devictor, Susan T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E027C5478D353C8A7EF7A7429D39F102">Morton, Steve L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C623C3397EA1F98189358197D4AB4331">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F48F5637D9EA9A4877053988944063DA">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F59656AAD4C94350AB017C74DF49A8EB">2010-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3A9D6B252E46E94595BB2759F5F6F321">2599</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B290D0A8B2A01933C77DC9DE40957F33">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2599.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="CC501905F2E4ADF326D73E3A020C1704" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2599.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8574CB4E1A9A88F599D316B8F96F1AFC" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2F8F5C3E4F6BAA634A1DA6F3B0C5DC9C" type="Zenodo-Dep">10095192</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A887A7FFF87D792A81FBA4619AF808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A887A7FFF87D792A81FBA4619AF808" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887A7FFF87D792A81FBA4619AF808" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<subSubSection id="C31B653AFFF87D792A81FBA46776FB0E" box="[151,589,1130,1156]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792A81FBA46776FB0E" blockId="54.[151,589,1130,1191]" box="[151,589,1130,1156]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="D0F681DDFFF87D792A81FBA46776FB0E" bold="true" box="[151,589,1130,1156]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D32FFF87D792A81FBA46776FB0E" ID-CoL="5394V" authority="(Danielssen, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[151,589,1130,1156]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792A81FBA46776FB0E" bold="true" box="[151,589,1130,1156]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792A81FBA46458FB0E" bold="true" box="[151,355,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stylatula elegans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792B65FBA4677EFB0E" author="Danielssen, D. C." box="[371,581,1130,1156]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref25404" refString="Danielssen, D. C. (1860) Beskrivelse over en ny Art Virgularia. Forhandler. Videnskabsselsk. Christiania, 1859, 251 p." type="book" year="1860">Danielssen, 1860</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B653AFFF87D792A81FB436420FB2D" box="[151,283,1165,1191]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792A81FB436420FB2D" blockId="54.[151,589,1130,1191]" box="[151,283,1165,1191]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A34FFF87D792A89FB436428FB2D" box="[159,275,1165,1191]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="55.[151,255,916,940]" captionTargetBox="[451,1130,191,902]" captionTargetId="figure-74@55.[451,1130,191,902]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 49. Stylatula elegans preserved specimens: A, rachis, showing polyp arrangement (USNM 59567 = S2593); B, polyps, showing autozooid leaves and sclerite arrangement (USNM 10068) (scale bar = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10095293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10095293/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figure 49</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B653AFFF87D792A81FB16670FFAA5" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792A81FB16676AFB65" blockId="54.[151,1436,1240,1327]" box="[151,593,1240,1263]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB11119FFFF87D792A81FB16676AFB65" box="[151,593,1240,1263]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA010A0FFF87D792A81FB166776FB65" author="Danielssen, D. C." box="[151,589,1240,1263]" page="277" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1860">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D32FFF87D792A81FB166776FB65" ID-CoL="866YC" authority="Danielssen, 1860: 277" authorityName="Danielssen" authorityPageNumber="277" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,589,1240,1263]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Virgularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792A81FB166467FB65" box="[151,348,1240,1263]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Virgularia elegans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792B75FB166776FB65" author="Danielssen, D. C." box="[355,589,1240,1263]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref25404" refString="Danielssen, D. C. (1860) Beskrivelse over en ny Art Virgularia. Forhandler. Videnskabsselsk. Christiania, 1859, 251 p." type="book" year="1860">Danielssen, 1860:277</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792A81FB36670FFAA5" blockId="54.[151,1436,1240,1327]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB11119FFFF87D792A81FB36670FFAA5" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D32FFF87D792A81FB36646BFA85" ID-CoL="5394V" baseAuthorityName="Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[151,336,1272,1295]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792A81FB36646BFA85" box="[151,336,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stylatula elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA010A0FFF87D792B79FB36677DFA85" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[367,582,1272,1295]" page="69" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792B79FB36677DFA85" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[367,582,1272,1295]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref26166" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1915) Pennatularia. Das Tierreich, 43, 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1915">Kükenthal 1915:69</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; text. Fig. 68.—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA010A0FFF87D7928EDFB3666D3FA85" author="Deichmann, E." box="[763,1000,1272,1295]" page="270" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1936">
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D7928EDFB3666D3FA85" author="Deichmann, E." box="[763,1000,1272,1295]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref25431" refString="Deichmann, E. (1936) The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 53, 317 pp." type="book" year="1936">Deichmann 1936:270</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA010A0FFF87D792E1EFB366187FA85" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[1032,1212,1272,1295]" page="381" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1958">
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792E1EFB366187FA85" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[1032,1212,1272,1295]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="379 - 390" refId="ref24533" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1958) Additional records of western Atlantic octocorals. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 47, 379 - 390." type="journal article" year="1958">Bayer 1958:381</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="133A2A34FFF87D792EDAFB36602EFA85" box="[1228,1301,1272,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1975,1999]" captionTargetBox="[303,1285,654,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-240@6.[300,1289,637,1980]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. The South Atlantic Bight, which includes coastal waters between Cape Hatteras and Cape Canaveral, USA. The 200 m isobath is shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10095194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10095194/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA010A0FFF87D792F23FB366417FAA5" author="Williams, G. C." page="123" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792F23FB366417FAA5" author="Williams, G. C." pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="93 - 140" refId="ref27603" refString="Williams, G. C. (1995) Living genera of sea pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea): Illustrated key and synopses. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113, 93 - 140." type="journal article" year="1995">Williams 1995:123</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA010A0FFF87D792B5BFAD6670BFAA5" author="Cairns, S. D. &amp; Calder, D. R. &amp; Brinckmann-Voss, A. &amp; Castro, C. B. &amp; Fautin, D. G. &amp; Pugh, P. R. &amp; Mills, C. E. &amp; Jaap, W. C. &amp; Arai, M. N. &amp; Haddock, S. H. D. &amp; Opresko, D. M." box="[333,560,1304,1327]" page="36" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792B5BFAD6670BFAA5" author="Cairns, S. D. &amp; Calder, D. R. &amp; Brinckmann-Voss, A. &amp; Castro, C. B. &amp; Fautin, D. G. &amp; Pugh, P. R. &amp; Mills, C. E. &amp; Jaap, W. C. &amp; Arai, M. N. &amp; Haddock, S. H. D. &amp; Opresko, D. M." box="[333,560,1304,1327]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref25059" refString="Cairns, S. D., Calder, D. R., Brinckmann-Voss, A., Castro, C. B., Fautin, D. G., Pugh, P. R., Mills, C. E., Jaap, W. C., Arai, M. N., Haddock, S. H. D. &amp; Opresko, D. M. (2002) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophora. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD, 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="2002">
Cairns
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792B8FFAD664F5FAA5" box="[409,462,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al,</emphasis>
2002:36
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B653AFFF87D792A81FA9361FBFA16" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792A81FA9361FBFA16" blockId="54.[151,1436,1373,1922]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792A81FA9364AAFAFD" bold="true" box="[151,401,1373,1399]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B693CECFFF87D792B8CFA93615DFAFD" box="[410,1126,1373,1399]" collectingDate="1885-01-05" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Charleston, SC" elevation="10068" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED10AE74FFF87D792B8CFA9364CBFAFD" box="[410,496,1373,1399]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4CF99B54FFF87D792BEEFA936798FAFD" box="[504,675,1373,1399]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0068181" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="10068.181">
<elevation id="002CD182FFF87D792BEEFA936798FAFD" box="[504,675,1373,1399]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0068181" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="10068.181">10068, 181 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, off
<collectorName id="26F45367FFF87D7928CDFA9366AFFAFD" box="[731,916,1373,1399]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Charleston, SC</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFBF1071FFF87D7929B4FA93615DFAFD" box="[930,1126,1373,1399]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1885-01-05">
<collectingDate id="EFFBE999FFF87D7929B4FA93615DFAFD" box="[930,1126,1373,1399]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1885-01-05">January 5, 1885</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B693CECFFF87D792E64FA936727FA16" collectingDate="1977-08-23" collectionCode="USNM" elevation="59567" location="South Carolina" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Carolina">
<collectionCode id="ED10AE74FFF87D792E64FA9361F3FAFD" box="[1138,1224,1373,1399]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4CF99B54FFF87D792EC7FA936057FAFD" box="[1233,1388,1373,1399]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.95673" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="59567.3">
<elevation id="002CD182FFF87D792EC7FA936057FAFD" box="[1233,1388,1373,1399]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.95673" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="59567.3">59567, 30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, off
<collectingRegion id="49C5F853FFF87D792A81FA4C6471FA16" box="[151,330,1410,1436]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="FFBF1071FFF87D792B40FA4C6727FA16" box="[342,540,1410,1436]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1977-08-23">
<collectingDate id="EFFBE999FFF87D792B40FA4C6727FA16" box="[342,540,1410,1436]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1977-08-23">August 23, 1977</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B693CECFFF87D792831FA4C6187FA16" box="[551,1212,1410,1436]" collectingDate="1980-04-30" collectionCode="USNM" elevation="59513" location="North Carolina" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North Carolina">
<collectionCode id="ED10AE74FFF87D792831FA4C6747FA16" box="[551,636,1410,1436]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4CF99B54FFF87D792895FA4C6622FA16" box="[643,793,1410,1436]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.951324" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="59513.24">
<elevation id="002CD182FFF87D792895FA4C6622FA16" box="[643,793,1410,1436]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.951324" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="59513.24">59513, 24 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, off
<collectingRegion id="49C5F853FFF87D792958FA4C6139FA16" box="[846,1026,1410,1436]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="FFBF1071FFF87D792E1BFA4C6187FA16" box="[1037,1212,1410,1436]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1980-04-30">
<collectingDate id="EFFBE999FFF87D792E1BFA4C6187FA16" box="[1037,1212,1410,1436]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" value="1980-04-30">April 30, 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B653AFFF87D792AD3FA69619AF808" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792AD3FA6966A3F9F6" blockId="54.[151,1436,1373,1922]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792AD3FA696405FA4B" bold="true" box="[197,318,1447,1473]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species has distinct needle-like sclerites arranged in a supporting fan in the basal section of the polyp leaves, which contain up to six autozooids. There are approximately 10 large needles in each fan, reaching
<quantity id="4CF99B54FFF87D792B1DFA3C646AF986" box="[267,337,1522,1548]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in length, with smaller needles interspersed. These leaves and fans flank the axis in an alternate opposite, bilateral arrangement. The axis measures up to 0.4 mm in diameter. The polyps contain rod-like sclerites which are not easily visible. In the specimens examined that were complete, the leaf pairs are closer together towards the peduncle but more spread out distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792AD3F94667A3F898" blockId="54.[151,1436,1373,1922]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Of the
<specimenCount id="9D07FD38FFF87D792B01F94664E8F928" box="[279,467,1672,1698]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
examined, one is a fragment and two are complete. The complete specimens have significantly smaller polyps and axis diameter, and only reach a total length of
<quantity id="4CF99B54FFF87D792E39F963618AF94D" box="[1071,1201,1709,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="70.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="65.0">65–75 mm</quantity>
. The fragment has a wider axis width and leaves, which are separated by approximately
<quantity id="4CF99B54FFF87D7929D2F91C6135F966" box="[964,1038,1746,1772]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
. All specimens have a white axis with light brown polyps, and white needles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792AD3F8D36175F8BD" blockId="54.[151,1436,1373,1922]" box="[197,1102,1821,1847]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">There are numerous lots of this species in the NMNH from the shallow SAB.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE36B1FFF87D792AD0F88C619AF808" blockId="54.[151,1436,1373,1922]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B975EAA3FFF87D792AD0F88C64E1F8D6" bold="true" box="[198,474,1858,1884]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Atlantic distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3167621FFF87D792BFDF88C6772F8D6" box="[491,585,1858,1884]" name="Norway" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Norway</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="54BA8813FFF87D792875F88C67A1F8D6" box="[611,666,1858,1884]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
), New Jersey to Cape Canaveral, Dry
<collectingCountry id="F3167621FFF87D792E88F88C603CF8D6" box="[1182,1287,1858,1884]" name="Haiti" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4CF99B54FFF87D792F0AF88C60A7F8D6" box="[1308,1436,1858,1884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.16" metricValueMax="8.12" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="416.0" valueMax="812.0" valueMin="20.0">20–812 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792A88F8A66456F808" author="Deichmann, E." box="[158,365,1896,1922]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref25431" refString="Deichmann, E. (1936) The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 53, 317 pp." type="book" year="1936">Deichmann 1936</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792B6FF8A6673FF808" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[377,516,1896,1922]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="379 - 390" refId="ref24533" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1958) Additional records of western Atlantic octocorals. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 47, 379 - 390." type="journal article" year="1958">Bayer 1958</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B40FFF87D792806F8A667FBF808" author="Williams, G. C." box="[528,704,1896,1922]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="93 - 140" refId="ref27603" refString="Williams, G. C. (1995) Living genera of sea pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea): Illustrated key and synopses. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113, 93 - 140." type="journal article" year="1995">Williams 1995</bibRefCitation>
; NMNH collections; SERTC collection).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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