642 lines
67 KiB
XML
642 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057" ID-PMC="PMC6031701" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-101-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" ID-PubMed="29997443" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305467" ModsDocID="1314-2003-101-1" checkinTime="1530177857167" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pellegrini, Marco O. O." docDate="2018" docId="23E71130A1E3CB4C4D223473507EC092" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 101: 1-97" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 101" docPubDate="2018-06-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057" docTitle="Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz., Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math. - Naturwiss. Kl. 79: 204. 1908." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" masterDocTitle="Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668138924118" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pellegrini, Marco O. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Botanica, Rua do Matao 277, CEP 05508 - 900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-06-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>101</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>97</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-101-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1305467</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="results">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225024" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:23E71130A1E3CB4C4D223473507EC092" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/23E71130A1E3CB4C4D223473507EC092" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">13</pageBreakToken>
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.
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<taxonomicName authority="Hand. - Mazz., Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math. - Naturwiss. Kl. 79: 204. 1908." authorityName="Hand. - Mazz., Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math. - Naturwiss. Kl. 79: 204. 1908." class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia umbraculifera" order="Commelinales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand.-Mazz., Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 79: 204. 1908.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 32</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Distribution of Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. Orange- Cerrado; Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211926" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">, 33</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="C. B. Clarke" authorityYear="1881" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia fluminensis subsp. var. var. pubescens" order="Commelinales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="fluminensis" subSpecies="var." variety="pubescens">Tradescantia fluminensis var. pubescens</taxonomicName>
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C.B.Clarke in De Candolle & De Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 3: 295. 1881. Lectotype (designated here). BRAZIL. Provincia de St. Paul and Rio, southern Brazil, fl., 1861-1862, J. Weir s.n. (K barcode K000363269!).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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Lectotype (designated by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.312.2.4" author="Hassemer, G" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="213 - 227" refId="B17" refString="Hassemer, G, Funez, LA, Ferreira, JP, 2017. Tradescantia serrana (Commelinaceae), a new species from Southern Brazil, and notes on T. schwirkowskiana and T. umbraculifera. Phytotaxa 312 (2): 213 - 227, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.312.2.4" title="Tradescantia serrana (Commelinaceae), a new species from Southern Brazil, and notes on T. schwirkowskiana and T. umbraculifera." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.312.2.4" volume="312" year="2017">Hassemer et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). BRAZIL.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo: Campinas, fl., Jan 1900, J. Campos Novaes 1218 (WU barcode WU0061328!; isolectotype: US barcode US00046114!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Herbs</emphasis>
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ca. 30-80 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Stems</emphasis>
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prostrate with ascending apex, succulent to slightly fibrous, little to densely branched; internodes 2.8-10 cm long at base, distally shorter, light to medium to dark green or reddish-purple to vinaceous, glabrous to sparsely pilose, with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline to light brown hairs in the terminal portion of the stems.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Leaves</emphasis>
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distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.5-2.3 cm long, light to medium to dark green or reddish-purple to vinaceous, glabrous to pilose to sparsely hispid, margin densely setose, hairs hyaline to light brown; blades 3.8-19.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-3.5 cm, linear lanceolate to lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, flat, chartaceous, sometimes membranous, glabrous on both sides or adaxially glabrous and abaxially pilose, hairs hyaline to light brown, adaxially medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green, rarely vinaceous, turning dark brown to black when dry, base truncate to amplexicaulous or round, margins green, ciliolate to ciliolate, flat, apex acuminate to caudate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially slightly impressed to impressed, abaxially prominent, becoming more evident on both sides when dry.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Synflorescences</emphasis>
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terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1-4 per leaf axis.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Inflorescences (main florescences)</emphasis>
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consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 0.5-4.3 cm long, light to medium to dark green, glabrous to pilose, with a dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline to light brown hairs; cincinni bracts 0.5-1.5(-2.3-6.2)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.2-1(-1.4) cm, similar to each other, cordate to broadly cordate, rarely lanceolate, spathaceous, rarely leaf-like, glabrous or pilose to sparsely hispid, medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margins ciliolate to ciliolate, flat, apex acute, rarely acuminate; double
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<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">cincinni</pageBreakToken>
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(4-)8-12-flowered.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Flowers</emphasis>
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1.3-2.2 cm diam., pedicels 0.5-1.2 mm long, white to vinaceous, rarely green, glabrous to sparsely glandular-pubescent; floral buds ellipsoid; sepals 5.2-8.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-3.7 mm, dorsally keeled, green, glabrous or pilose, with hairs generally along the keel and at the base of the sepals close to the pedicel, hyaline to light brown; petals 0.7-1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.3-0.6 cm, white; filaments 4.7-6.8 mm long, anthers 0.8-1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.9-1.2 mm; ovary 1.2-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.8-1.3 mm, style 4.5-6.2 mm long; pistil longer than the stamens.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Capsules</emphasis>
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2.5-3.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.1-2.7 cm.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Seeds</emphasis>
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1.6-1.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2-1.5 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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the length of the seed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="specimens see">
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<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Specimens see.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ARGENTINA. Chaco</emphasis>
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: 1° de Mayo, Colonia
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Benítez">Benitez</normalizedToken>
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, fl., 10 Nov 1973, A.G. Schulz s.n. (CORD no. 469148, CTES no. 203094).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Corrientes</emphasis>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ituzaingó">Ituzaingo</normalizedToken>
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, Desembocadura del Arroyo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Garapé">Garape</normalizedToken>
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em el
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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, 45 km al E de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ituzaingó">Ituzaingo</normalizedToken>
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, fl., fr., 24 Apr 1975, A. Schinini et al. 11243 (CTES).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Misiones</emphasis>
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: Apostoles, San Jose, fl., 11 Feb 1947, A.M.B. Huidobro 4981 (K, LIL);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cainguás">Cainguas</normalizedToken>
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, Salto Marvilla, fl., 4 May 1999, N.B. Deginani et al. 998 (CORD, CTES, SI); Candelaria, Cerro Azul, fl., fr., 16 Feb 1947, A.M.B. Huidobro 5282 (K, LIL); Loreto, fl., 12 May 1946, J.E. Montes 2223 (K, LIL); road from Bonpland to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Oberá">Obera</normalizedToken>
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, fl., 23 Feb 1984, T.M. Pedersen 13668 (L); Picada Guemes, fl., fr., 21 Feb 1947, A.M.B. Huidobro 4859 (K, LIL); Profundidad, fl., 19 Sep 1974, A. Krapovickas et al. 25711 (CTES); Candelaria-Loreto, fl., fr., 22 Jul 1949, J.E. Montes 4222 (LIL, LP);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Concepción">Concepcion</normalizedToken>
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de la Sierra, fl., 3 Feb 1948, A. Schinini 6979b (CORD, CTES); Eldorado, ruta 17, desvio 2 km a San Pedro, fl., 20 Jan 1973, A. Schinini & A. Fernandez 5933 (CORD, CTES); ruta 17, 89 km E de Eldorado, fl., 22 Jan 1973, A. Schinini & A. Fernandez 6002 (CORD, CTES); General Manuel Belgrano, 12 km S de Bernardo de Irigoyen, ruta 14, Cerro Tigre, fl., 15 Feb 1970, V.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Maruñak">Marunak</normalizedToken>
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107 (CORD, CTES, LP);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guaraní">Guarani</normalizedToken>
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, Predio
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guaraní">Guarani</normalizedToken>
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, picada al Arroyo Soberbio, fl., 15 Mar 1994, S. Tressens et al. 4881 (CORD, CTES); rumbo cerca de Papael Misionero, fl., 28 Apr 1999, S. Tressens et al. 6279 (CTES, K);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
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, Rio
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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, 10 km S de Puerto
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
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, frente a Puerto Bertoni, fl., 28 Mar 1970, A. Krapovickas et al. 15780 (CORD, CTES); Parque Nacional
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
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, Sendero Macuco, fl., 6 Aug 1991, R. Vanni et al. 2666 (CORD, CTES); fl., 23 Apr 1996, J. Herrera 174 (CTES); Leandro M. Alem, 2 km al NE de Cerro Azul, fl., 10 Mar 1969, A. Krapovickas et al. 15070 (CORD, CTES); Libertador General San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
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, Predio UNLP, valle del arroyo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuña">Cuna</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pirú">Piru</normalizedToken>
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, fl., fr., 19 Jul 1998, F. Biganzoli et al. 126 (LP, SI); Montecarlo, Arroyo Piray
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guazú">Guazu</normalizedToken>
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y ruta 12, fl., 15 Feb 1980, A. Schinini 19909 (CTES); San Ignacio, fl., 3 Feb 1947, J.E. Montes 822 (BA, LIL); Posadas,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jardín">Jardin</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Botánico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
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, fl., 17 Jul 2001, M. Grabiele 5 (CORD, CTES, MNES); San Pedro, 89 km E de Eldorado, fl., 22 Jan 1973, A. Schinini & A. Fernandez 6014 (CORD, CTES); ruta provincial 17,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="desvío">desvio</normalizedToken>
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5 km a Tobuna por ruta provincial 224, fl., 26 Jan 1973, A. Schinini & A. Fernandez 6100 (CORD, CTES); entre San Pedro y Puerto Piray, 20 km de San Pedro, ruta provincial 16, fl., 28 Feb 1995, F.O. Zuloaga et al. 5063 (CORD, CTES, SI); cruzando el Puente sobre el
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yabotí">Yaboti</normalizedToken>
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hacia los obrajes, ruta proyectada 102, fl., 9 May 1999, N.B. Deginani et al. 1213 (CORD, CTES, SI); Santa Anna, fl., 1907, s.leg. s.n. (LP no. 19175).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">BRAZIL. Minas Gerais</emphasis>
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: s.loc., fl., fr., 1816-1821, A. Saint-Hilaire D 548 (P); Aiuruoca, PCH-Aiuruoca,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="área">area</normalizedToken>
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||
de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="vazão">vazao</normalizedToken>
|
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reduzida, RPPN Cachoeira do Tombo, fl., 26
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<pageBreakToken pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">Mar</pageBreakToken>
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2009, P.H.A. Melo & D.M. Torres 3392 (ESAL, RB); Caldas, fl., 23 Mar 1868, A.F. Regnell 1445 (US); Cambuquira, Fazenda Esplanada, fl., fr., 25 Mar 2004, M.C. Weyland Vieira 2025 (RB); Carrancas, Serra de Bicas, fl., 30 Apr 1999, A.O.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Simões">Simoes</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 821 (UEC); Lima Duarte, Parque Estadual da Serra do Ibitipoca, trilha entre a Gruta do Fugitivo e Gruta dos
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
|
||
Arcos, fl., 11 Mar 2004, R.C. Forzza et al. 3173 (CEPEC, K, MBM, NY, RB, SPF, UEC); entre a Gruta dos Viajantes e a Gruta dos
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
|
||
Arcos, fl., 20 Jan 2005, R.C. Forzza et al. 3965 (K, MBM, RB, SPF, UEC); Gruta dos
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
|
||
Arcos, fl., 17 Mar 2005, R. Dias-Melo et al. 234 (CEPEC, NY, RB); Gruta dos Viajantes,
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="córrego">corrego</normalizedToken>
|
||
Monjolinho, fl., 25 Jan 2010, R. Mello-Silva 3239 (RB, SPF);
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Thomé">Thome</normalizedToken>
|
||
das Letras,
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
|
||
ao Pico do
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gavião">Gaviao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 22 Feb 1999, M.C. Assis et al. 596 (RB, SPF); APA
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Thomé">Thome</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Vale do Can
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="53" pageNumber="54" start="start">tagalo</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, fl., 4 Feb 2015, E.R. Sattelmayer 22 (HUSC, RB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Adrianópolis">Adrianopolis</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Ponte do Ribeira, fl., fr., 20 Feb 1981, G. Hatschbach & A.
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
43629 (CORD, MBM, US); Rio Itapeva, fl., 19 Feb 1981, G. Hatschbach & A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
43622b (CORD, MBM, US); Antonina, Rio Cotia, fl., 24 Mar 1966, G. Hatschbach 14155 (MBM, P, RFA, US); Arapongas, Fazenda Solana, fl., 19 Feb 2009, M. Ferreira Jr. & E.M. Francisco 3 (FUEL);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="praça">praca</normalizedToken>
|
||
da igreja matriz, fl., 18 Jun 1988, L.V. Koga 10 (FUEL, HURB); Cerro Azul, cabeceira do Rio do Tigre, fl., 18 Jul 1984, G. Hatschbach 48100 (MBM, US); fl., 24 Apr 1987, G. Hatschbach et al. 51236 (MBM, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cornélio">Cornelio</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Procópio">Procopio</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Parque Estadual Mata
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Francisco, fl., fr., 13 Mar 2009, G.M. Ferreira 358 (FUEL, UNIFIL); Foz do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Parque Nacional do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 25 Apr 1949, J.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Falcão">Falcao</normalizedToken>
|
||
96 (RB); fl., 19 Feb 1960, E. Pereira 5364 (HB, RB); Londrina,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pirapó">Pirapo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., s.dat., G. Tessmann 1938 (FUEL, US); Londrina, estrada Paiquere,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
|
||
Fazenda Figueira, fl., 7 Feb 2003, D.A. Estevan et al. 1259 (FUEL); Fazenda Santa Helena, fl., fr., 5 Mar 2009, E.M. Francisco 2020 (FUEL); Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy, fl., fr., 8 Mar 2010, E.F.S. Rossetto & E.M. Francisco 52 (FUEL);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mauá">Maua</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Serra,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estância">Estancia</normalizedToken>
|
||
Manain, fl., fr., 1 Apr 2008, V.M. Cotarelli & E.M. Francisco 70 (FUEL); Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bocas, fl., fr., s.dat., R. Hertel s.n. (MBM no. 181892, US barcode US00046118); Rio Branco do Sul, Serra do Caete, fl., 10 Jan 1978, G. Hatschbach 40703 (MBM, US); fl., fr., 18 Feb 1981, G. Hatschbach & A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
43603 (CORD, MBM, US); Santo
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Antônio">Antonio</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Platina, Morro da Telepar, fl., 30 Jan 1974, R. Kummrow 516 (K, MBM); Sapopema, fl., 5 Apr 1996, L.P.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Félix">Felix</normalizedToken>
|
||
& A. Leforge 11 (RB, UEC);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Telêmaco">Telemaco</normalizedToken>
|
||
Borba, Fazenda Monte Alegre, estrada para a foz, fl., 20 Apr 2005, T.I.N. Azevedo et al. 81 (FUEL); estrada para a Ilha Surubim, fl., 20 Nov 1989, J.A. Pimenta et al. s.n. (FUEL no. 7628);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
|
||
beira do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ribeirão">Ribeirao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Varanal, fl., 20 Apr 2005, T.I.N. Azevedo et al. 86 (FUEL); fl., 30 May 2006, T.I.N. Azevedo & S.I. Azevedo 324 (FUEL).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
|
||
: Itatiaia,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maciço">Macico</normalizedToken>
|
||
do Itatiaia, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, estrada para o Pico das Agulhas Negras, fl., 15 Feb 1995, J.M.A. Braga et al. 2015 (RB); estrada
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="região">regiao</normalizedToken>
|
||
do planalto, fl., fr., 31 Jan 1966, S.V. Andrade 730 (RB); fl., 23 Jan 2012, M.O.O. Pellegrini 192 (RB); fr., 10 Jun 2012, M.L.O.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Trovó">Trovo</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 569 (RB); fl., 2 Feb 2014, L.S.B. Calazans et al. 241 (RB); fl., 7 Feb 2015, R.G. Barbosa-Silva et al. 421 (RB); Agulhas Negras, fl., 17 Apr 1971, I.S. Gottsberger & G.K. Gottsberger 122-17471 (UB, US); Resende, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, BR-485, Brejo da Lapa, fl., fr., 22 Feb 2014, L.S.B. Calazans et al. 241 (HRCB, RB, VIES); Rio de Janeiro, Realengo, fl., s.dat., C.V. Freire 397 (R);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Teresópolis">Teresopolis</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Parque Nacional da Serra dos
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Órgãos">Orgaos</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., fr., 16-17 Oct 1958, R. Schnell 8256 (BR, P); fl., 10 Jul 1966, A. Lourteig 1854 (K, P, R); fl., 3 Aug 1966, D.R. Hunt 6482 (K, US); fl., 5 Jul 1970, J. Barcia 82 (R); trilha para a Pedra do Sino, fl., 05 Dec 2001, F. Feres et al. 19 (RB, UEC); fl., fr., 12 Sep 2014, L.S.B. Calazans et al. 453 (RB); trilha do Rio Soberbo, fl., 22 Aug 2010, M. Nadruz et al. 2471 (RB).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Rio Grande do Sul</emphasis>
|
||
: Derrubadas, Tenente Portela, Parque Estadual do Turvo, Salto
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yucunã">Yucuna</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 17 Mar 1977, K. Hagelund 11236 (CORD); fl., Mar 1980, J. Mattos et al. 21283 (HAS); fl., 1980, J.E.A. Mariath s.n. (CORD no. 467395, ICN no. 50979);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maquiné">Maquine</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Reserva
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Serra Geral, Vale Linha Encantada, fl., Nov 2003, M.L. Abruzzi 5151 (HAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Leopoldo, Morro Sapucaia, fl., 5 Aug 1949, B. Rambo 42798 (HBR); fl., fr., 11 Oct 1955, B. Rambo 57048 (HBR).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Santa Catarina</emphasis>
|
||
: Blumenau, Morro do Sapo, Parque Nacional Serra do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itajaí">Itajai</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl.,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="54" pageNumber="55" start="start">05</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Nov 2012, L.A. Funez 1285 (FURB, HAVAT); Morro do Cachorro, fl., 31 Jan 2014, A.L. Gasper et al. 3439 (FUEL, FURB); Dona Emma, Gruta Nossa Senhora de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fátima">Fatima</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 26 Jan 2012, L.A. Funez 309 (FURB); RPPN Bugerkopf, trilha principal, fl., fr., 6 Feb 2013, L.A. Funez 1681 (FURB);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Florianópolis">Florianopolis</normalizedToken>
|
||
, trilha na margem sul da lagoa, Lagoa do Peri, fl., 3 Mar 2016, F.A. Silva Filho 963 (FLOR, RB); Ibirama, fl., 20 Oct 1953, R.M. Klein 614 (HBR, US); fl., 20 Sep 1956, R. Reitz & R.M. Klein 3692 (HBR, K, MBM, NY, UPCB);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itaiópolis">Itaiopolis</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Arroio das Pombas, fl., 3 Feb 2010, A. Korte & A. Kniess 1631 (FURB); Itapiranga, Laranjeiras, SC-66, fl., 14 Feb 2009, M. Verdi et al. 1631 (FURB);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jaraguá">Jaragua</normalizedToken>
|
||
do Sul, Serra do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jaraguá">Jaragua</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 31 Aug 1997, P. Schwacke 13350 (RB); Luiz Alves,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Braço">Braco</normalizedToken>
|
||
Joaquim, fl., 22 Mar 1956, R. Reitz & R.M. Klein 2886 (HBR, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mondaí">Mondai</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 4 Feb 2009, M. Verdi et al. 2638 (FURB, RB); Linha Cascalho, fl., 5 Mar 2009, M. Verdi et al. 1746 (FURB, RB); Linha Capirara, BR-283, fl., 9 Mar 2009, M. Verdi et al. 77 (FURB, LUSC); Nova
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Teutônia">Teutonia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 8 Apr 1944, F. Plaumann 444 (RB); Palmitos, 24 km E of Mondai, fl., 25 Feb 1957, L.B. Smith & R. Klein 11828 (HBR, NY, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Rio das Flores, fl., 1 Mar 1964, A. Castellanos 24799 (CORD, K, RB);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Miguel
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Oeste">D'Oeste</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Peperi, fl., fr., 1 Mar 1964, R.M. Klein 5107 (HBR);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Romelândia">Romelandia</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Esperança">Esperanca</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 2 Mar 2009, A. Stival-Santos & S. Silveira 439 (FURB, RB);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bento do Sul, Ano Bom/
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Braço">Braco</normalizedToken>
|
||
Esquerdo, fl., 29 Jan 2010, S. Dreveck & F.E. Carneiro 1667 (FURB);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Timbó">Timbo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Castelo dos Padres, fl., 2 Oct 2014, M.O.O. Pellegrini et al. 429 (RB); Vidal Ramos,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sabiá">Sabia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 14 Jun 1957, R. Reitz & R.M. Klein 4284 (HBR, US); fl., 26 Nov 1957, R.M. Klein 2233 (HBR, NY, US).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: s.loc., fl., 1816-1821, A. Saint-Hilaire D 632 (P); Atibaia, Pedra Grande, fl., 29 Jan 1986, N. Taroda & K. Yamamoto 18324 (UEC); Barra do Turvo, 10 km de Barra do Turvo em
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="direção">direcao</normalizedToken>
|
||
a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pariquera-açú">Pariquera-acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., fr., 14 Feb 1995, J.P. Souza et al. 89 (ESA, SP, UEC, UFP);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cananéia">Cananeia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Parque Estadual da Jacupiranga, fl., fr., 24 Mar 2005, M. Carboni et al. 119 (ESA, UEC);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iepê">Iepe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Fazenda C.A.P.I., about 5 km E of Porto Alvorada, along the rio Paranapanema, fl., 9 Feb 1965, G. Eiten et al. 5998 (EAC, INPA, MO, NY, SP, UB, US); Ilhabela, Parque Estadual da Ilhabela, trilha da
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Água">Agua</normalizedToken>
|
||
Branca, fl., 23 Aug 1995, A. Rapini 48 (SP, SPF, UEC, UFP);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo, Eldorado Paulista, Parque Estadual Jacupiranga,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núcleo">Nucleo</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cedro, fl., fr., 14 Feb 1995, H.F.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Leitão">Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Filho et al. 33267 (HRCB, SP, SPF, UEC); Jardim
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
|
||
e Parque do estado, fl., fr., 10 Aug 1967, R. Faria 40 (SP); Serra da Cantareira, fl., 13 Apr 1901, s.leg. 300 (SP); Serra da Cantareira, no Horto Florestal, fl., 30 Mar 1967, J. Mattos 14542 (HAS, K, RB, SP).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">PARAGUAY. Without province</emphasis>
|
||
: s.loc., fl., s.dat., Fleischer s.n. (P barcode P02174039).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Alto
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: s.loc., fl., 1909-1910, K. Fiebrig 6236 (K, L, US); Ciudaded del Este, Puerto Presidente Stroessner, fl., May 1983, L.C. Stutz 1773 (CORD, U, US); Puerto Embalse, fl., Mar 1942, L.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
|
||
122 (SCP); fl., Mar 1942, C.V. Pavetti Morin 488 (SCP); Vivero Florestal
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itaipú">Itaipu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 13 Jul 1980, G. Caballero Marmori 739 (CORD, CTES).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Canindeyú">Canindeyu</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Jejui-mi, a unos 1500 m al N de la caseta, fl., 8 May 1996, G.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Marín">Marin</normalizedToken>
|
||
& B.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
|
||
191 (BM, CORD, CTES, FMB, PY).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guairá">Guaira</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Colonel Independencia, propriedad Vurtz, fl., 6 Oct 1967, A. Lourteig 1931 (P, US); Arroyo
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guazú">Guazu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, camino a San Gervasio, fl., 27 Mar 1993, A. Schinini et al. 28031 (CORD, CTES); Reserva
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ybytyruzú">Ybytyruzu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, fl., 27 Feb 2011, M. Vera et al. 2741 (FCQ); Tebicuary, Azucarera Paraguaya, fl., Jul 1942, C.V. Pavetti Morin 1186 (SCP); Villarica, Santa Barbara, fl., 26 Feb 1876, B. Balansa 590 (K, P).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraguarí">Paraguari</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Ybycui Na
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="55" pageNumber="56" start="start">tional</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Park, fl., 24 Jan 1989, E.M. Zardini & A. Aguayo 10090 (K, LP, MO, PY); fl., 15 May 1989, A. Aguayo 183 (CORD, US).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Argentina and Brazil (states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Paraguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Chaco domains (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Distribution of Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. Orange- Cerrado; Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211926" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">33</figureCitation>
|
||
). It can be found growing as terrestrial and epiphyte understorey in shaded and moist forests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">It was found in bloom and fruit throughout the year but peaking between August and February.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
The epithet "
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
" means "carrying several umbrellas", making reference to the many inflorescences per leaf axil this species generally produces and, most importantly, to the its small spathaceous cincinni bract.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia umbraculifera" order="Commelinales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Tradescantia umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses a wide EOO (ca. 764,678.067 km2), forming dense subpopulations in shady and moist understorey. Thus, in accordance with the IUCN recommendations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" refId="B25" refString="IUCN, 2001. The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge. http://www.iucnredlist.org/" title="The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), it should be considered Least Concern (LC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia umbraculifera" order="Commelinales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Tradescantia umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="11 - 72" refId="B37" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, 2017. Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae. PhytoKeys 89: 11 - 72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" title="Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" volume="89" year="2017">Pellegrini 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), due to its indefinite base, prostrate stems (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32A</figureCitation>
|
||
), involute ptyxis, leaf-blades with impressed secondary veins (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32C</figureCitation>
|
||
), saccate cincinni bracts (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
) and seeds not cleft towards the embryotega (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, dried specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
acquire a peculiar dark brown to black colouration, which is recorded in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. (Austrotradescantia) subsp. subg." order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Austrotradescantia">T. subg. Austrotradescantia</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. chrysophylla" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. cymbispatha" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="cymbispatha">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. cymbispatha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nonetheless, it is one of the most peculiar species in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. (Austrotradescantia) subsp. subg." order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Austrotradescantia">T. subg. Austrotradescantia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, due to its generally acuminate to caudate leaf-blades (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32C</figureCitation>
|
||
), numerous inflorescences per leaf axis (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), spathaceous cincinni bracts (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
), white to vinaceous pedicels (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32H</figureCitation>
|
||
), pistil longer than the stamens (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32G</figureCitation>
|
||
) and hilum longer than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32K</figureCitation>
|
||
). This combination of characters differentiates
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all remaining species of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. (Austrotradescantia) subsp. subg." order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Austrotradescantia">T. subg. Austrotradescantia</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Smaller specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be more easily confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but can be easily differentiated based on inflorescence and seed characters. Despite the distinction between
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being generally clean-cut, some specimens were especially challenging to certainly identify. This is mainly due to the presence of leaf-like, instead of spathaceous cincinni bracts (easily observable in herbarium specimens) and intermediate floral features between the two species (observable only in fresh specimens; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Tradescantia umbraculifera Hand. - Mazz. A habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte B detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins D abaxial side of the leaf-blade E synflorescence F detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts G detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens H flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals I-J flowers I front view of a flower of a typical specimen of T. umbraculifera J front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between T. umbraculifera and T. fluminensis, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs K dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except A by L. A. Funez and E, G-H, I by H. Medeiros." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">32J</figureCitation>
|
||
), such as: the colour of the pedicels, shape of the petals, length and density of the filaments hairs and pistil length. These specimens are hypothesised to represent naturally occurring hybrids between both species, since they were observed in areas where both
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were known to occur. However, due to the lack of reproductive, hybridisation and cytological studies, I have chosen to tentatively recognise these specimens under a broader sense of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Further studies might confirm my assumptions of the natural occurrence of hybrids between
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Despite the small morphological resemblance, herbarium specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been previously confused in Southern Brazil with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tenella" order="Liliales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="tenella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. tenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species share only a handful of morphological characters, all of them being synapomorphies of the
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="56" pageNumber="57" start="start">T</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. fluminensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia umbraculifera" order="Commelinales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tradescantia umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tenella" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="tenella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. tenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to its robust habit (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
generally small in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tenella" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="tenella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. tenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), indefinite base (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
definite), prostrate stems (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
erect), sessile leaves (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
subpetiolate), 1-4 main florescences per leaf axil (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
always 1), cincinni bracts spathaceous and equal (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
leaf-like and unequal) flowers 1.3-2.2 cm diam. (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
0.4-1 cm diam.), petals always white (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
ranging from white to pink), pistil longer than the stamens (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
equal), seeds with costate testa (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
rugose) and hilum longer than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
shorter than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Despite being in different morphological groups, herbarium specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have also been confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="crassula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. crassula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This might be due these species robust habit, sessile leaves, sepals with hairs restricted to the dorsal keels, petals always white, pistil longer than the stamens and hilum longer than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed. Nonetheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily differentiated by its indefinite base (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
definite in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="crassula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. crassula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), prostrate stems (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
erect), 1-4 main florescences per leaf axil (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
always 1), cincinni bracts spathaceous and saccate (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
leaf-like and non-saccate) and seeds not cleft towards the embryotega (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
cleft).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305557" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211925" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 32" startId="F32">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Figure 32.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia umbraculifera" order="Commelinales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tradescantia umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hand.-Mazz.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
habit, showing a specimen growing as an epiphyte
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the stem and the leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
|
||
abaxial side of the leaf-blade
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E</emphasis>
|
||
synflorescence
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">F</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the synflorescence, showing two inflorescences emerging from the same leaf axil and the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">G</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the inflorescence, showing the spathaceous and saccate cincinni bracts and the side view of a flower, showing the pistil longer than the stamens
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">H</emphasis>
|
||
flower at post-anthesis showing the white pedicel and the glabrous sepals
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">I-J</emphasis>
|
||
flowers
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">I</emphasis>
|
||
front view of a flower of a typical specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">J</emphasis>
|
||
front view of a flower of a putative hybrid between
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing the leaf-like cincinni bracts, ovate petals, sparser filament hairs
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">K</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed. Photos by M.O.O. Pellegrini, except
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
by L.A. Funez and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E, G-H, I</emphasis>
|
||
by H. Medeiros.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305559" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211926" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 33" startId="F33">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Figure 33.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia umbraculifera" order="Commelinales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Tradescantia umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hand.-Mazz. Orange- Cerrado; Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |