277 lines
32 KiB
XML
277 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="BC5FBB5486AD10A89409613CC8A77D7B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7710103" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710103" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678329528814" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2023" docId="DD62E7662A477272FF36C5BFFBE7FC74" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2023.0969.1–58.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2023 (969)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Urbanus (Urbanus) oplerorum Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="215B9F1E2A4B727CFFF6C32BFFE3FFB2" masterDocTitle="Thirteen new species of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Texas" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1699461751711" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8550C785574E8DD4CF44C311127CB29D">
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<mods:title id="1547D1E4948154490A3E0854B9A759F9">Thirteen new species of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Texas</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="07F2B9C0E1B35F3FA9E44D6DC5B0B52C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D5743D89E50CAECAA0EB81C078684BA2">Zhang, Jing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E2AC8A4CFE546FA31AD2E1F5B824D43">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2924911173781531B64FBA544E453A7D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="300805DE46CCCD17B31D28B4552A0FD4">Cong, Qian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6FF98CFEBF741F1A4E760AD46F47A13B">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D77A94BB368197DA89E34A5B000FA1E6">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7167C0EB4D42CD36515D1A9E49D01D54">Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 9050 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5273825F5B073A7D7036386DB481D135">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D2CCF167DA2F8E4E228B7002C902191D">
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<mods:date id="F067975848A936D2B9BA45C699502F26">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="03244AAC8E6D1F52D4E4BBAAF6F672FA">2023-01-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4CD53C4207B581D7A19EE6CDB4CFDC32">2023</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="807EED7D4912D27CEBE05938DB8B6D2D">969</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A477270FF36C5BFFC4CF966" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="557456702A477270FF36C5BFFCAFF903" blockId="12.[192,943,1684,1782]" box="[192,844,1684,1713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A477270FF36C5BFFD48F903" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[192,683,1684,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oplerorum" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Urbanus">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FF36C5BFFECFF903" bold="true" box="[192,300,1684,1713]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Urbanus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FECBC5BFFE4AF903" bold="true" box="[317,425,1684,1713]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Urbanus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FE4DC5BFFDDCF903" bold="true" box="[443,575,1684,1713]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">oplerorum</emphasis>
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Grishin
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C8C37192A477270FD41C5BEFCAFF903" box="[695,844,1684,1713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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https://zoobank.org/
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<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A477270FF36C5F0FEBCF947" box="[192,351,1755,1782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="557456702A477270FF36C5F0FEBCF947" blockId="12.[192,943,1684,1782]" box="[192,351,1755,1782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A477270FF3EC5F0FEE4F944" box="[200,263,1755,1782]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[192,268,777,803]" captionTargetBox="[195,1438,234,738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@11.[192,1440,232,740]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Trees of selected Urbanus (Urbanus) species constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes:U. rickardi sp. n. (orange), U. pronus (blue), U. alva (purple), U. viterboana (green), U. oplerorum sp. n. (red), and U. bernikerni (cyan) among their relatives (black). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710115/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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part, 8)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A477271FF36C42EFAE2F834" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="557456702A477271FF36C42EFE86F8EE" blockId="12.[192,1443,1797,1927]" lastBlockId="13.[191,1442,1519,1885]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FF36C42EFE13F8AD" bold="true" box="[192,496,1797,1823]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Definition and diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Previously identified and reported as
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A477270FC58C42EFABFF8AD" authority="(Ehrmann, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Ehrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[942,1372,1797,1823]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viterboana">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FC58C42EFB6EF8AD" box="[942,1165,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Urbanus viterboana</emphasis>
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(Ehrmann, 1907)
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</taxonomicName>
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(type locality in
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<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A477270FECCC40CFE48F8F3" box="[314,427,1831,1857]" name="Colombia" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="315A2B812A477270FE34C40CFD8EF8F0" author="Bordelon C." box="[450,621,1831,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="86 - 100" refId="ref31974" refString="Bordelon C. 2011. 2010 Season Summary: Zone 6 Texas. News of The Lepidopterists' Society 53 (Suppl. 1): 86 - 100." type="journal article" year="2011">Bordelon 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
) and keys to it in
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<bibRefCitation id="315A2B812A477270FCB6C40CFBF6F8F0" author="Steinhauser SR" box="[832,1045,1831,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref34088" refString="Steinhauser SR. 1981. Revision of the proteus group of the genus Urbanus Hubner (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 62: 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="1981">Steinhauser (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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, and to C.13.2(b) in
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<bibRefCitation id="315A2B812A477270FAFEC403FA7DF8F0" author="Evans WH" box="[1288,1438,1831,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="10 - 25" refId="ref32524" refString="Evans WH. 1952. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part II. Pyrginae. Section I. The Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 178 p., pls. 10 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1952">Evans (1952)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, genomic sequencing of the
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<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A477270FD9FC461FD28F8D6" box="[617,715,1866,1892]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A477270FD04C460FC6AF8D6" baseAuthorityName="Ehrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[754,905,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viterboana">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FD04C460FC6AF8D6" box="[754,905,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">U. viterboana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and phylogenetic analysis reveals that it (
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A477270FAA9C461FA43F8D7" box="[1375,1440,1866,1893]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[192,268,777,803]" captionTargetBox="[195,1438,234,738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@11.[192,1440,232,740]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Trees of selected Urbanus (Urbanus) species constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes:U. rickardi sp. n. (orange), U. pronus (blue), U. alva (purple), U. viterboana (green), U. oplerorum sp. n. (red), and U. bernikerni (cyan) among their relatives (black). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710115/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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red) is not conspecific with
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A477270FE0DC446FD72F834" baseAuthorityName="Ehrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[507,657,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viterboana">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FE0DC446FD72F834" box="[507,657,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">U. viterboana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A477270FD69C447FD03F835" box="[671,736,1900,1927]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[192,268,777,803]" captionTargetBox="[195,1438,234,738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@11.[192,1440,232,740]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Trees of selected Urbanus (Urbanus) species constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes:U. rickardi sp. n. (orange), U. pronus (blue), U. alva (purple), U. viterboana (green), U. oplerorum sp. n. (red), and U. bernikerni (cyan) among their relatives (black). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710115/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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green) and instead is sister to
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A477270FBCDC447FA42F834" authority="Burns, 2014" authorityName="Burns" authorityYear="2014" box="[1083,1441,1900,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernikerni">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A477270FBCDC447FAF0F834" box="[1083,1299,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Urbanus bernikerni</emphasis>
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Burns, 2014
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</taxonomicName>
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(type locality in
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<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A467271FE8CC6C4FE14F9BB" box="[378,503,1519,1545]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A467271FDFBC6C4FDADF9B8" box="[525,590,1519,1546]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[192,268,777,803]" captionTargetBox="[195,1438,234,738]" captionTargetId="figure-74@11.[192,1440,232,740]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Trees of selected Urbanus (Urbanus) species constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes:U. rickardi sp. n. (orange), U. pronus (blue), U. alva (purple), U. viterboana (green), U. oplerorum sp. n. (red), and U. bernikerni (cyan) among their relatives (black). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710115/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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cyan). Differs from
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A467271FCC1C6DBFC29F9BB" authorityName="Burns" authorityYear="2014" box="[823,970,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernikerni">
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||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FCC1C6DBFC29F9BB" box="[823,970,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">U. bernikerni</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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by 3.3% (22 bp) in the COI barcode, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A467271FF09C53AFD46F999" authority="(Ehrmann, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Ehrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[255,677,1553,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viterboana">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FF09C53AFE38F999" box="[255,475,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Urbanus viterboana</emphasis>
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||
(Ehrmann, 1907)
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</taxonomicName>
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by 5% (33 bp), forms a separate distinct clade in genomic trees and therefore is a species-level taxon. In facies (
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A467271FD5CC518FD0FF9FF" box="[682,748,1587,1613]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="13.[192,268,1406,1432]" captionTargetBox="[202,1436,225,1370]" captionTargetId="figure-218@13.[194,1442,213,1377]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 8. The type series of Urbanus (Urbanus) oplerorum sp. n. a) holotype ♀ NVG-14112E06, b) paratype ♀ NVG-17067E10, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views, data in text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710121/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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), differs from
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A467271FC79C51FFBC6F9FF" baseAuthorityName="Ehrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[911,1061,1587,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viterboana">
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||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FC79C51FFBC6F9FF" box="[911,1061,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">U. viterboana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having larger, rectangular, and hourglass-shaped (rather than rounder and some being nearly triangular) hyaline forewing spots; from
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A467271FAA2C57DFEECF923" authorityName="Burns" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernikerni">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FAA2C57DFEECF923" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">U. bernikerni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by more brilliant-blue (rather than greenish) dorsal overscaling and yellower hyaline spots; and from
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A467271FF36C5B2FDCFF901" authority="Burns, 2014" authorityName="Burns" authorityYear="2014" box="[192,556,1689,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="segnestami">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FF36C5B2FE7FF900" box="[192,412,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Urbanus segnestami</emphasis>
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Burns, 2014
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</taxonomicName>
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(type locality in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A467271FD1AC5B2FC8AF901" box="[748,873,1689,1715]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
) by less extensive, and bluer, overscaling that does not extend past the basal half of hindwing. Due to individual variation and similarity between these semi-cryptic species, confident identification is achieved by genotype. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in nuclear genome: aly216.58.7:G39A, aly669.9.1:A231G, aly770.19.8:G63A, aly
|
||
<date id="217570B02A467271FB40C5D5FAC4F8AB" box="[1206,1319,1790,1817]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="1405-05-10">1405.5.10</date>
|
||
:G81A, and aly216.58.7:G42T, and COI barcode: T64C, A202T(not C), T277T(not A), T283C, T287C, T409T(not C), and T514A(not C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="01B406F82A467271FF36C655FC4FFA09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710121/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" startId="13.[192,268,1406,1432]" targetBox="[202,1436,225,1370]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A467271FF36C655FC4FFA09" blockId="13.[192,1441,1406,1467]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FF36C655FECAFA2A" bold="true" box="[192,297,1406,1432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
The type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A467271FE08C654FCACFA2B" authority="Zhang & Cong & Grishin, 2023" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[510,847,1407,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oplerorum" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Urbanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FE08C654FDBEFA2B" box="[510,605,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Urbanus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FD9BC654FD28FA2B" box="[621,715,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Urbanus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FD2BC654FCACFA2B" box="[733,847,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">oplerorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C8C37192A467271FCA1C654FC77FA2B" box="[855,916,1407,1433]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FCA1C654FC6DFA2B" bold="true" box="[855,910,1407,1433]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">sp. n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FC6AC655FC51FA2A" bold="true" box="[924,946,1406,1432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">a)</emphasis>
|
||
holotype ♀ NVG-14112E06,
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FAF5C655FAF8FA2A" bold="true" box="[1283,1307,1406,1432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">b)</emphasis>
|
||
paratype ♀ NVG-17067E10, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views, data in text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A467271FF36C447FAE2F834" blockId="13.[192,1281,1900,1927]" box="[192,1281,1900,1927]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A467271FF36C447FDADF834" bold="true" box="[192,590,1900,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Barcode sequence of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A467271FE16C447FDAAF834" box="[480,585,1900,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sample NVG-14112E06, GenBank OP762100, 658 base pairs:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A457272FF36C3FDFD8AFE2D" box="[192,1440,214,415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A457272FF36C3FDFD8AFE2D" blockId="14.[192,1440,214,415]" box="[192,1440,214,415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">AACCTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAGGATTAATTGGAACTTCTTTAAGATTACTTATCCGAACAGAATTAGGAACCCCAGGA TCTTTAATTGGAGATGACCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTG GAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAGTTCCTTTAATAATAGGTGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCCCGTATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTAC CCCCCTCTTTAACCTTACTAATTTCAAGAAGAATTGTTGAAAATGGTGCTGGTACTGGATGAACAGTTTACCCCCCTCTTTCATCTAA TATTGCCCATCAAGGAGCCTCAGTTGATCTAGCAATTTTTTCCCTTCATCTTGCTGGAATTTCATCTATTCTTGGAGCTATTAATTTTA TTACAACAATTATTAATATACGAATTAATAAATTAACTTTTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTATGAGCAGTAGGAATTACAGCATTATTATT ATTACTTTCTTTACCTGTTTTAGCTGGAGCTATTACCATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGG AGGAGATCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A457272FF36C29AFCA0FD2C" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A457272FF36C29AFEC8FDC6" blockId="14.[192,1443,432,628]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A457272FF36C29AFE8FFE78" bold="true" box="[192,364,432,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E5A35C2D2A457272FE83C29AFBEDFD83" collectionCode="DC, USNM, TX, V" country="United States of America" location="National Museum of Natural History" municipality="Smithsonian Institution" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Washington" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A457272FE83C29AFE0AFE79" bold="true" box="[373,489,433,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A457272FE83C29AFE07FE79" box="[373,484,433,459]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A457272FE05C299FDEBFE7F" box="[499,520,434,461]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in the
|
||
<location id="501400AB2A457272FD23C29BFB9CFE78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD62E7662A477272FF36C5BFFBE7FC74:501400AB2A457272FD23C29BFB9CFE78" box="[725,1151,432,459]" country="United States of America" municipality="Smithsonian Institution" name="National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Washington">National Museum of Natural History</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B510CC0A2A457272FB7AC29BFA7FFE78" box="[1164,1436,432,458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Smithsonian Institution</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A457272FF36C2F9FEAAFE5E" box="[192,329,466,492]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A457272FEA0C2F8FE63FE5F" box="[342,384,467,493]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">DC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A457272FE7BC2F8FE21FE5F" box="[397,450,467,493]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A457272FE24C2F8FDC4FE5F" box="[466,551,467,493]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
), illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A457272FD21C2F9FCC6FE5F" box="[727,805,466,493]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="13.[192,268,1406,1432]" captionTargetBox="[202,1436,225,1370]" captionTargetId="figure-218@13.[194,1442,213,1377]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 8. The type series of Urbanus (Urbanus) oplerorum sp. n. a) holotype ♀ NVG-14112E06, b) paratype ♀ NVG-17067E10, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views, data in text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710121/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
|
||
, bears the following three rectangular labels, two white: [
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A457272FF25C2DEFF19FDBD" box="[211,250,501,527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">TX</collectionCode>
|
||
: Hidalgo Co., | Mission/Madero | 4-VI-10 | Mike Rickard], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-14112E06 | c/o Nick
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A457272FF36C13CFF30FD83" box="[192,211,535,561]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
. Grishin], and one red [
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A457272FE06C13CFD62FD83" box="[496,641,535,561]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A457272FD7EC133FD7EFD81" box="[648,669,536,563]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A457272FD47C13DFCF2FD82" box="[689,785,534,560]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Urbanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A457272FCD1C13DFC1FFD82" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[807,1020,534,560]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Urbanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oplerorum">oplerorum Grishin</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A457272FBEDC13CFB69FD83" bold="true" box="[1051,1162,535,561]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A457272FBEDC13CFB66FD83" box="[1051,1157,535,561]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A457272FB66C13CFB51FD81" box="[1168,1202,535,563]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A457272FB4FC13DFAEFFD82" box="[1209,1292,534,560]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A457272FAECC13DFA7FFD82" box="[1306,1436,534,560]" country="Mexico" name="Tamaulipas" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Tamaulipas</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Gomez Farias,leg. Paul A.Opler and Evi M. Buckner-Opler
|
||
<date id="217570B02A457272FCB0C112FC1FFDE1" box="[838,1020,569,595]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" value="2003-10-13" valueMax="2003-10-14" valueMin="2003-10-13">13-14-Oct-2003</date>
|
||
, NVG-17067E10,
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A457272FB32C113FB1AFDE0" box="[1220,1273,568,594]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hsbf-qixz" name="Colorado State University" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">CSU</collectionCode>
|
||
_ENT1038946, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A457272FF2BC171FEC4FDC6" box="[221,295,602,628]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="California State University, Chico, Vertebrate Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="University or college">CSUC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A457272FF36C1AFFCA0FD2C" blockId="14.[192,835,644,671]" box="[192,835,644,671]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A457272FF36C1AFFEB8FD2C" bold="true" box="[192,347,644,670]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A457272FF36C1AFFF1AFD2C" box="[192,249,644,670]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A457272FE97C1AFFE7AFD2C" box="[353,409,644,670]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A457272FE55C1AEFE07FD2D" box="[419,484,645,671]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Hidalgo Co., Mission/Madero.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A457272FF36C185FDADFC2E" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A457272FF36C185FAFFFCC1" blockId="14.[191,1441,686,883]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A457272FF36C185FEA7FD7A" bold="true" box="[192,324,686,712]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name honors Paul A. Opler and Evi M. Buckner-Opler who collected the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A457272FB6FC184FB19FD7B" box="[1177,1274,687,713]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
on one of their many expeditions that contributed most significantly to our knowledge of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A457272FBF6C1FBFB69FD58" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1024,1162,720,746]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Paul’s lifelong contributions to Lepidopterology cannot be overstated, being immensely broad and far-reaching: in science, education, conservation, and dissemination of knowledge through best-selling books. During the last several years, Paul and Evi have been collecting and preserving butterflies for genomic analysis, and their excellent material forms the foundation for the genomic studies of western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A457272FD3FC073FD1DFCC0" box="[713,766,856,882]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
species. The name is a noun in the genitive case.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A457272FF36C0A9FDADFC2E" blockId="14.[192,590,898,924]" box="[192,590,898,924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A457272FF36C0A9FE85FC2E" bold="true" box="[192,358,898,924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">English name.</emphasis>
|
||
The Oplers’ longtail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A457272FF36C087FBE7FC74" box="[192,1028,940,967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A457272FF36C087FBE7FC74" blockId="14.[192,1028,940,967]" box="[192,1028,940,967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A457272FF36C087FEB8FC74" bold="true" box="[192,347,940,966]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Presently known from South Texas and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A457272FCEBC087FC90FC74" box="[797,883,940,966]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A457272FC8BC087FBE3FC74" box="[893,1024,940,966]" country="Mexico" name="Tamaulipas" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Tamaulipas</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |