150 lines
15 KiB
XML
150 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="EBC55A48DE04655070CD8C3ABBE34A86" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e4b701e-75de-45e2-89dc-223d460e755d" ID-PMC="PMC4283717" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-461-1" ID-PubMed="25561859" ID-ZooBank="350663FDE2024E61968548B2109EDFF8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-461-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 461" ModsDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Hübner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Área de Conservación Guanacaste" checkinTime="1451244993677" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie, Powell, Jerry A., Hallwachs, Winnie & Janzen, Daniel H." docDate="2014" docId="AAE771105D9D284AA7C8E336ADD42B06" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 461: 1-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 461" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" docTitle="Ethmia catapeltica Meyrick" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFD67D05FF9E2613FFE7FFFAA724FFAC" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1701317000312" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="691EB14619C7F98D4F51F21CF5088DEA">
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<mods:title id="59DC0CDD62B017E8C50F2C6B142795DF">A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D423963432B09BFB9AD61FF370359C25">Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="912906773DD4E8CB00E2C6B9A120511A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="018ECD629CE79AEF99B4E107DACC0204">Powell, Jerry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="D97DDF570711121FFBF6040A976EDEED" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="293823FE3D26198F4C6E377EAE39338A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1EBD6148E4191640D53CF3FEDCA5FD25">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E2E6CD2AB32840BFF6A2069CC908A7DF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A5711A91B4CCCDAD6FF3ACD04911778C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E3F18442AD9B4A6001BF28EADDC46EF4">Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4804820EDA588ED0BE8970FBAE008693">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A57828B0C416E750E9DED6B9125DCCDA">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AFCAC851F3495C7617AF0CE2ECB5E481">
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<mods:date id="387EEDF76A80DCFA31A1311CCCFB510D">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="078077B063083A09E4EC9E33CC8B135A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="95254A8263489E3B151DF36580B2AD78">461</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9609A6A08D1AD4B4A5C35C876CCFCE7D">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3CF6B23D8091A93644B765105316B691">86</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="93EEFCD0E2443324177CF5B5722AB1E6">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="CCA837DD5B71B5C99DE82F338A87CE59">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D3BEA2264532FAEFA83558D1AF8A8F9A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="896D3A18E5C7C92241E1086E103AC9CC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-461-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0C1D10AF9CD34116085BD9D12B6525BA" type="ZooBank">350663FDE2024E61968548B2109EDFF8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="AAE771105D9D284AA7C8E336ADD42B06" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192935959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AAE771105D9D284AA7C8E336ADD42B06" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AAE771105D9D284AA7C8E336ADD42B06" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="0D558CDF37A47C1A92096FD613788930" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="93BDF00A216EF3A4A27373A419A712F4" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Depressariidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FA2BB92879DA46424F1680F05E23EDD5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AEACB8A666394AD73F76D088036950D6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="A431316656A97C4C4E0F8A70C14100C2" ID-CoL="3BLDC" authority="Meyrick" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia catapeltica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapeltica">Ethmia catapeltica Meyrick</taxonomicName>
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Figures 30, 75, 120, 142, 162
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CA8C27828898BAEBB68291D1B938C4CE" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="88A1C2198515F481091D4E0C6AA6248D" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="0F6EB8474BAFEA5EEF860395D9D830D8" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia catapeltica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapeltica">
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<pageBreakToken id="E1DFFBC0BDEBC3282075443B8EBCE576" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">Ethmia</pageBreakToken>
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catapeltica
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</taxonomicName>
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Meyrick, 1924: 119;
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<bibRefCitation id="5BAB8C765A424E27BCFA7CA0C60AE4E1" author="Powell, JA" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" title="A systematic monograph of New World Ethmiid moths." volume="120" year="1973">Powell 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 174 (in part).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9D689890809A7CB55C7A343AF211D13" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C866D984FB2627CE25E60B50D3E58972" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F306ECE854A20B5D49523EF73380BEFA" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="BFBAD2F10F70582402BBA21F9A9BA2D5" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia catapeltica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapeltica">Ethmia catapeltica</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished externally from its most similar species,
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<taxonomicName id="55545BE88684ACEF68D8806696F3FE7A" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia petersterlingi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersterlingi">Ethmia petersterlingi</taxonomicName>
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, by its general darker appearance, the presence of three distinct dark spots at base of FW posterior half, basal processes slightly wider anteriorly and sacculus slightly emarginated distally in the male genitalia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B29A6E90A7CD270C43624A2E6DA1AA9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CACDC17DBA49528E5002898710E9EB41" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB33ECCD6CFAB4349731F424591665EE" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Male: FW length 10.3-15 mm (n = 4). Head: Labial palpus elongated, exceeding base of antenna. Proboscis, front and crown whitish, occipital tuft black at mid-dorsum. Thorax: Ground color grayish white, four large black spots near apices of tegula and at sides of scutellum. FW ground color whitish, markings blackish, three distinct spots at posterior half: basal, middle and above torsum; an oblique dark blotch from before middle in costa connecting with an elongated black mark from middle to termen. HW ground color grayish darker at margins, a narrow costal fold with blackish long fringe at ventral, with a thin white pencil. Abdomen: Dorsal pale brownish, genital scaling pale. Genitalia (Fig. 75) with uncus membranous; basal processes slightly broadened apically; distal margin of valva with a small projection, adjunct to a group of three to four flat spines; distal sacculus margin slightly emarginated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC3172D0ACAB5BE8FC4558DF3B18C509" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Female: FW length 13.1-15.5 mm (n = 3). Head and thorax: As described for male except HW unmodified. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 120) with sterigma narrow; antrum sclerotized; signum barely notched.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="97732B4F0930476C13B270582FEC317C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="14478F7FC695D78D736B3E3B89B7AA7C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2022135D7799E905B9A3447446198AD0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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Male: Costa Rica, San
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<normalizedToken id="F3280557CFD4DD208E3BCF0B4D110B57" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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[BMNH, examined].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0D9E1ED691B296EFFBA1FAD5BF438B6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution and biology">
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<paragraph id="B58E5946037CD5512E668A2B49AACD54" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B50E36E86F44C3EE81001F2E8C7C0BE" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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According to
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<bibRefCitation id="1A6D0916C7D92804FE5B8F4BCC29E798" author="Powell, JA" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" title="A systematic monograph of New World Ethmiid moths." volume="120" year="1973">Powell (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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and to keep the
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<taxonomicName id="417FDB1DCFE2C3F1A7EF6891AD934F3F" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia catapeltica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapeltica">Ethmia catapeltica</taxonomicName>
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assemblage under a single name, the distribution ranges from Veracruz, Mexico to Bolivia. Additional studies on
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<taxonomicName id="A20A7A61CD11EF32488D0822716A5FCA" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia catapeltica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapeltica">Ethmia catapeltica</taxonomicName>
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from Mexico and South America are needed to assess with certainty the distribution of the species. In Costa Rica (Fig. 162)
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<taxonomicName id="BB5AB0EADA3DCA6CE252758292374D22" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia catapeltica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapeltica">Ethmia catapeltica</taxonomicName>
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(sensu stricto) occurs in the Caribbean and Pacific slopes, at both sides of Cordillera
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<normalizedToken id="3632F9F6DF141F90F03DC112239E7D5E" originalValue="Volcánica">Volcanica</normalizedToken>
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de Guanacaste and
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<normalizedToken id="E0C69BAE1D810E7E09316EBEF3FB1785" originalValue="Tilarán">Tilaran</normalizedToken>
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at middle elevations, at
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<normalizedToken id="D838409A9FA382C855A8AE0FD064B3F1" originalValue="Sarapiquí">Sarapiqui</normalizedToken>
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lowlands, Central Pacific and southern Caribbean. In ACG, this is a rain forest species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AB234DDEAF21BABCACBABE4A20285667" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="food plant records">
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<paragraph id="B64A4507641B96BE0F035752760A2AA3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Food plant records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="57F05760B4A87FDCB95FF556CFC0C044" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="4B94362BDF7D282EE2A2564D3FF32F76" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia catapeltica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catapeltica">Ethmia catapeltica</taxonomicName>
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has been reared from larvae feeding on
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<taxonomicName id="E0C763C09E5B84DAC9525E09928DC51E" family="Boraginaceae" lsidName="Microlepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="ED5003A512C3E0A771F847C38A3A1B35" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cordia alliodora" order="Boraginales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alliodora">Cordia alliodora</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7C557BFD54D5A06646CC92BC45C9C86A" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="immature stages">
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<paragraph id="BE90C9BA7AD5A2D3740FA51EF3EE0AC5" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Immature stages</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AE74DC180CA29B5E4E95D09B5C3E00FC" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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(Fig. 142). Dorsum: Head black, thoracic shield ochreous, T2 black, T3 white, A1 and A7 white with irregular dark band, A2 white with short lateral black line, A3-A5 black, A6 black whitish posteriorly, A8-A9 black, A10 whitish with few small dots at dorsum. Lateral: Segments A3-A6 with white patches. Fully-grown larval coloration is quite similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="5B55EE7C739F00ED86C65B54329F9C89" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia lesliesaulae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lesliesaulae">Ethmia lesliesaulae</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 143).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="228961AF18C2EC650D1183E11784384A" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="parasitoids">
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<paragraph id="0707639AA1282395AEF715CBB5301E2C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Parasitoids.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3CECCB6F951AFC457ABDB63ADA01F818" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="0BC89767755EA03C1A5B00F68DE1A69C" lsidName="Microlepidoptera" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="7087E45A497D8ADC1A3B052D70C8F9A7" family="Ichneumonidae" lsidName="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="83E030BDB08F3E01F25F3C04B8A53824" lsidName="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Lycorininae">Lycorininae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="FF058FEBD4CE4A2D18419EFD65A62B28" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lycorina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycorina luzae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzae">Lycorina luzae</taxonomicName>
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Gauld (n = 10).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |